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Weitz EA, Chang JY, Rosenfield AH, Pierre VC. A selective luminescent probe for the direct time-gated detection of adenosine triphosphate. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:16099-102. [PMID: 22994413 DOI: 10.1021/ja304373u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A molecular probe for the luminescent detection of adenosine nucleotides is presented. The probe, Tb-DOTAm-Phen, readily distinguishes among the three adenosine nucleotides in buffered aqueous conditions at neutral pH, a requirement for the direct monitoring of enzymatic reactions converting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate or adenosine monophosphate. The probe is most efficient under millimolar concentrations of ATP which are relevant to intracellular conditions. Moreover, the long luminescence lifetime of the probe readily enables time-gating experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A Weitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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2
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Receptor-drug interaction: europium employment for studying the biochemical pathway of g-protein-coupled receptor activation. Met Based Drugs 2011; 2007:12635. [PMID: 18350113 PMCID: PMC2266097 DOI: 10.1155/2007/12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In medicinal chemistry field, the biochemical pathways, involved in 7-transmembrane domains G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) activation, are commonly studied to establish the activity of ligands towards GPCRs. The most studied steps are the measurement of activated GTP-alpha subunit and stimulated intracellular cAMP. At the present, many researchers defined agonist or antagonist activity of potential GPCRs drugs employing [(35)S]GTPgammaS or [(3)H]cAMP as probes. Recently, the corresponding lanthanide labels Eu-GTP and Eu-cAMP as alternative to radiochemicals have been developed because they are highly sensitive, easy to automate, easily synthesized, they display a much longer shelf-life and they can be used in multilabel experiments. In the present review, the receptor-drug interaction by europium employment for studying the biochemical pathway of GPCR activation has been focused. Moreover, comparative studies between lanthanide label probes and the corresponding radiolabeled compounds have been carried out.
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Hayward DG, Newbatt Y, Pickard L, Byrne E, Mao G, Burns S, Sahota NK, Workman P, Collins I, Aherne W, Fry AM. Identification by high-throughput screening of viridin analogs as biochemical and cell-based inhibitors of the cell cycle-regulated nek2 kinase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 15:918-927. [PMID: 20664067 DOI: 10.1177/1087057110376537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nek2 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that localizes to the centrosome and is implicated in mitotic regulation. Overexpression of Nek2 induces premature centrosome separation and nuclear defects indicative of mitotic errors, whereas depletion of Nek2 interferes with cell growth. As Nek2 expression is upregulated in a range of cancer cell lines and primary human tumors, inhibitors of Nek2 may have therapeutic value in cancer treatment. The authors used a radiometric proximity assay in a high-throughput screen to identify small-molecule inhibitors of Nek2 kinase activity. The assay was based on the measurement of the radiolabeled phosphorylated product of the kinase reaction brought into contact with the surface of wells of solid scintillant-coated microplates. Seventy nonaggregating hits were identified from approximately 73,000 compounds screened and included a number of toxoflavins and a series of viridin/wortmannin-like compounds. The viridin-like compounds were >70-fold selective for Nek2 over Nek6 and Nek7 and inhibited the growth of human tumor cell lines at concentrations consistent with their biochemical potencies. An automated mechanism-based microscopy assay in which centrosomes were visualized using pericentrin antibodies confirmed that 2 of the viridin inhibitors reduced centrosome separation in a human tumor cell line. The data presented show that pharmacological inhibition of Nek2 kinase results in the expected phenotype of disruption to centrosome function associated with growth inhibition and further supports Nek2 as a target for cancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Hayward
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Yvette Newbatt
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Lisa Pickard
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Eilis Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Guojie Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Samantha Burns
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Navdeep K Sahota
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Wynne Aherne
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Haddow Laboratories, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andrew M Fry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
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O'Regan L, Blot J, Fry AM. Mitotic regulation by NIMA-related kinases. Cell Div 2007; 2:25. [PMID: 17727698 PMCID: PMC2018689 DOI: 10.1186/1747-1028-2-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 08/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIMA-related kinases represent a family of serine/threonine kinases implicated in cell cycle control. The founding member of this family, the NIMA kinase of Aspergillus nidulans, as well as the fission yeast homologue Fin1, contribute to multiple aspects of mitotic progression including the timing of mitotic entry, chromatin condensation, spindle organization and cytokinesis. Mammals contain a large family of eleven NIMA-related kinases, named Nek1 to Nek11. Of these, there is now substantial evidence that Nek2, Nek6, Nek7 and Nek9 also regulate mitotic events. At least three of these kinases, as well as NIMA and Fin1, have been localized to the microtubule organizing centre of their respective species, namely the centrosome or spindle pole body. Here, they have important functions in microtubule organization and mitotic spindle assembly. Other Nek kinases have been proposed to play microtubule-dependent roles in non-dividing cells, most notably in regulating the axonemal microtubules of cilia and flagella. In this review, we discuss the evidence that NIMA-related kinases make a significant contribution to the orchestration of mitotic progression and thereby protect cells from chromosome instability. Furthermore, we highlight their potential as novel chemotherapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura O'Regan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Joelle Blot
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew M Fry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Dahan S, Chevet E, Liu JF, Dominguez M. Antibody-based Proteomics: From bench to bedside. Proteomics Clin Appl 2007; 1:922-33. [PMID: 21136747 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 75 years, antibodies have gone from being recognized as disease biomarkers to being used as very powerful therapeutic tools. This evolution has been accelerated by the identification of mAb and the extensive use of immunological tools both at fundamental and clinical levels. In this review, we evaluate how antibodies can be used to assess the proteome of cells or tissues and their relevance for clinical applications. These antibody-based proteomics approaches also require analytical and technological pipelines as well as specific enabling tools which are described. Our first objective was to establish how large-scale datasets (provided by high-throughput studies such as proteomics and transcriptomics) can be integrated with literature searches and clinical data to identify potentially relevant markers against which antibodies should be raised. Then based on an extensive literature review and our experience, we compare the methodologies developed to produce specific antibodies either in vivo or in vitro. This is followed by the description of the validation tools currently available and it also includes the use of antibody-based approaches in the establishment of molecular signatures utilized at the bench and soon available for bedside use.
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