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Savage J, Rossler M. Binge drinking and violence in the transition to adulthood. Aggress Behav 2023; 49:480-491. [PMID: 36966463 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to test the hypothesis that binge drinking, rather than frequency of any drinking, would predict violent behavior in the transition from adolescence to adulthood (TAA). In conservative models, accounting for a host of factors relevant to the TAA, we find that binge drinking, but not frequency of drinking, is associated with violent behavior. The models included a control for nonviolent offending, conforming to studies of the "differential etiology of violence" thesis. In addition, we tested whether this association fell away among participants over the age of 21 and found that underage status did not mediate the association between binge drinking and violent behavior.
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Al Juboori R, Subramaniam DS, Hinyard L. Understanding the Role of Adult Mental Health and Substance Abuse in Perpetrating Violent Acts: In the Presence of Unmet Needs for Mental Health Services. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Dell NA, Prasad Srivastava S, Vaughn MG, Salas-Wright C, Hai AH, Qian Z. Binge drinking in early adulthood: A machine learning approach. Addict Behav 2022; 124:107122. [PMID: 34598011 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking among young adults (18-25) has been recognized as a public health concern. Considerable variation among drinking behaviors have been found among this group. Several statistical methods are available to identify theoretically and empirically meaningful correlates of binge drinking. The present study evaluated three methods for identifying correlates of binge drinking, comparing logistic regression to two machine learning methods-classification tress and random forests. While each model identified similar correlates of binge drinking-such as propensity for engaging in risky behaviors, marijuana dependence, cocaine dependence, identifying as non-Hispanic white, and higher education-the AUC analysis showed that the random forest analysis more accurately classified positive cases of binge drinking. Random forests modelling of psychosocial data is a feasible approach for identifying correlates of binge drinking behaviors among young adults. Clinical implications are discussed related to screening for binge drinking in behavioral health organizations.
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Deutsch AR. Punch-Drunk or Drunken Boxing? The Etiology of Alcohol-Related Physical Violence through Adolescence and Young Adulthood. Subst Use Misuse 2021; 56:615-626. [PMID: 33691595 PMCID: PMC9275523 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2021.1887244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-related physical violence (ARPV) can be a causal consequence of alcohol consumption, but only for specific individuals (e.g., those predisposed to violence). Studies have not accounted for the shared etiology explaining comorbidity between alcohol use and violent behavior as a potential third-variable explanation of ARPV. The current study examined genetically-informed associations between ARPV, heavy alcohol use (HAU) and overall physical violence (OPV) in adolescence and young adulthood, by testing two proposed theories of ARPV processes (HAU causes ARPV, causal relationships depend upon OPV) and how overarching shared covariance may account for these associations. METHODS Using the twin and sibling subsample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a series of biometric models tested hypotheses individually in adolescence and young adulthood. This included estimating bivariate Cholesky and direction-of-causality models, and trivariate Cholesky, independent pathway, and common pathway models. RESULTS HAU had a causal effect on ARPV in adolescence and young adulthood. This effect was not moderated by OPV at either developmental stage. A shared etiology or common latent factor did not explain associations between ARPV, OPV, and HAU, even though ARPV strongly covaried independently with HAU and with OPV. Finally, OPV also had a causal effect on ARPV in adolescence, and in young adulthood for adolescent-onset drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Causal theories of ARPV still hold when accounting for shared genetic and environmental variance. Further research on the exact role of violence (predispositions, environmental contexts) is required, as both phenotypes substantially (and separately) explain influences driving ARPV. UNLABELLED Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2021.1887244.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle R Deutsch
- Avera Health, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.,Sanford School of Medicine, Pediatrics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
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Reingle Gonzalez J, Johansson-Love J, Edmonds L, Jetelina K. Electronic monitoring devices during substance use treatment are associated with increased arrests among women in specialty courts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2020; 46:632-641. [PMID: 32795245 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1771722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Electronic monitors (EMs) are commonly used as a sanction and to improve compliance with substance use treatment and reduce re-arrest in criminal justice settings. However, there is minimal evidence for their effectiveness, especially among women. Objectives: We examined whether the use of EMs (i.e., devices placed on one's body to encourage treatment compliance) increased rates of substance use treatment completion, and as a result, reduced re-arrest and substance use among women offenders. Methods: We sampled 114 women referred to residential substance use treatment and a subsample of 102 women charged with felonies. Logistic regression models accounting for clustering of time within person were fit. Results: Overall, EMs were associated with 3.13 greater odds of re-arrest after accounting for criminogenic risk indicators; however, no association was detected among women charged with felonies only. Women who were assigned to EMs were significantly less likely to report illicit drug use in the past 30 days, and women charged with felonies were less likely to report both alcohol and illicit drug use in the past 30 days. There was no association between EM assignment and treatment completion or positive urinalysis result. Conclusion: EM provision did not enhance the retention of women in residential treatment and the presence of an EM was associated with a more than tripling in the odds of re-arrest. Results also suggest that EM use for women in Specialty Courts may have some limited utility in reducing substance use; however, the mechanism driving this effect remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Edmonds
- Dallas County Department of Criminal Justice , Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Katelyn Jetelina
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health , Dallas, TX, USA
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Banyard V, Edwards K, Jones L, Mitchell K. Poly-Strengths and Peer Violence Perpetration: What Strengths Can Add to Risk Factor Analyses. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:735-746. [PMID: 32002715 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a high-risk time for perpetration of different forms of peer-based violence including harassment, bullying, and sexual assault. Research documents a number of important risk factors but less understood are protective factors like sense of mattering or how combinations of strengths may reduce perpetration risk. The current study examined how protective factors (i.e., positive social norms), including a diversity of strengths (termed poly-strengths), influenced the perpetration of harassment, bullying, and sexual assault for young people, while accounting for the use of alcohol both cross-sectionally and over time. Youth (N = 2232, 52.6% female) in grades 7-10 enrolled in a study using active parental consent (53% response rate) and completed online surveys in school that asked about bullying and harassment, alcohol use, positive social norms related to violence prevention, and a composite of intra-personal strengths. Follow-up surveys took place 6 months later (N = 2150). Logistic regression analyses examined how social norms and poly-strengths influenced odds of perpetration after accounting for demographic variables and the risk factor of alcohol use. Use of alcohol increased the odds of perpetrating all forms of violence. Strengths were significantly related to lower perpetration at Time 1 but not Time 2. Positive social norms reduced perpetration at both time points. The findings suggest adolescent perpetration of bullying, harassment, and sexual violence is lower in the presence of positive social norms over time and more proximally, in the presence of a diverse strengths portfolio. Prevention efforts that incorporate positive social norms and alcohol reduction strategies may reduce peer violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Banyard
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.
| | - Katie Edwards
- Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families, and Schools, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lisa Jones
- Crimes Against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Kimberly Mitchell
- Crimes Against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
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Clark Goings T, Salas-Wright CP, Belgrave FZ, Nelson EJ, Harezlak J, Vaughn MG. Trends in binge drinking and alcohol abstention among adolescents in the US, 2002-2016. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 200:115-123. [PMID: 31121494 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking accounts for several adverse health, social, legal, and academic outcomes among adolescents. Understanding trends and correlates of binge drinking and alcohol abstention has important implications for policy and programs and was the aim of this study. The current study examined trends in adolescent binge drinking and alcohol abstention by age, gender, and race/ethnicity over a 15-year period. METHODS Respondents between the ages of 12 and 17 years who participated in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) between 2002 and 2016 were included in the sample of 258,309. Measures included binge drinking, alcohol abstention, and co-morbid factors (e.g., marijuana, other illicit drugs), and demographic factors. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the significance of trend changes by sub-groups while controlling for co-morbid and demographic factors. Findings indicated that binge drinking decreased substantially among adolescents in the US over the last 15 years. This decrease was shown among all age, gender, and racial/ethnic groups. In 2002, Year 1 of the study, 26% of 17-year-olds reported past-month binge drinking; in 2016, past-month binge drinking dropped to 12%. Findings also indicated comparable increases in the proportion of youth reporting abstention from alcohol consumption across all subgroups. Black youth reported substantially lower levels of binge alcohol use and higher levels of abstention, although the gap between Black, Hispanic and White youth narrowed substantially between 2002 and 2016. CONCLUSION Study findings are consistent with those of other research showing declines in problem alcohol- use behavior among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trenette Clark Goings
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States.
| | | | - Faye Z Belgrave
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 West Franklin Street, Box 842018, Richmond, VA, 23284, United States
| | - Erik J Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, United States
| | - Jaroslaw Harezlak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, 1025 E. 7th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, United States
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63104, United States; Graduate School of Social Welfare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Melotti G, Passini S. Drug Use and Violence Among Adolescents: The Mediation Effect of Attitudes Supporting Violence. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2018.1462282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giannino Melotti
- Department of Education Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Passini
- Department of Education Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Salas-Wright CP, Oh S, Goings TC, Vaughn MG. Trends in Perceived Access to Marijuana Among Adolescents in the United States: 2002-2015. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2018; 78:771-780. [PMID: 28930065 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is concern that changes in marijuana-related policy and public opinion may lead to increased access to marijuana among young people in the United States. However, little research has been conducted on changes in youth's perceptions of marijuana access, and studies have yet to systematically examine trends in perceived access across key sociodemographic and externalizing behavioral subgroups. METHOD Using population-based data collected between 2002 and 2015 as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we examined trends in perceived marijuana access among non-Hispanic White, African American, and Hispanic adolescents (ages 12-17, n = 221,412). Following the trend analysis method outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we conducted logistic regression analyses to test for secular trends. RESULTS Between 2002 and 2015, we observed a 27% overall reduction in the relative proportion of adolescents ages 12-17-and a 42% reduction among those ages 12-14-reporting that it would be "very easy" to obtain marijuana. This pattern was uniformly observed among youth in all sociodemographic subgroups (i.e., across age, gender, race/ethnicity, household income) and among youth reporting involvement/no involvement in most measures of substance use (alcohol, marijuana) and delinquency (handgun carrying, attacks). However, perceived very easy access remained stable among youth reporting tobacco use and criminal justice system involvement. CONCLUSIONS Despite the legalization of recreational and medical marijuana in some states, our findings suggest that, with the notable exception of adolescent tobacco users and juvenile offenders, perceptions that marijuana would be very easy to obtain are on the decline among American youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sehun Oh
- School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Trenette Clark Goings
- School of Social Work, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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Lundgren L, Salas-Wright CP, Amodeo M, Krull I, Alford DP. The Alcohol and Other Drugs Education Program for Social Work Faculty: A Model for Immersion Training. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE IN THE ADDICTIONS 2018; 18:8-29. [PMID: 31467493 PMCID: PMC6715135 DOI: 10.1080/1533256x.2017.1412980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Lundgren
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, MA, United States
| | | | - Maryann Amodeo
- School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ivy Krull
- Department of Sociology, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel P Alford
- Professor, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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Military service and crime: new evidence. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2017; 52:605-615. [PMID: 28255794 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-017-1342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence indicates that a substantial proportion of military personnel are involved in high-risk and antisocial behaviors that place them at jeopardy for criminal justice system involvement. However, prior research on military service and crime has disproportionately focused on veterans from the Vietnam War era (1955-1975), and has tended to focus on either current or former military members. METHODS This study employed data from a population-based study (i.e., National Study on Drug Use and Health [NSDUH] between 2002 and 2014). It systematically examines the prevalence of self-reported antisocial behaviors, criminal justice system involvement, and substance abuse among the US civilian population and military service members, including reservists (n = 2206) and those who reported having been separated or retired from military service (n = 20,551). These factors are further examined across the developmental spectrum of adulthood (ages 18-34, 35-49, and 50-64). RESULTS Results showed that military members were more prone to lifetime arrests and overall substance misuse. However, additional findings emerged suggesting that, while the military population overall seems to be positively associated with higher criminal activity than that found in the civilian population, these findings were based on a specific subgroup of the veteran population. This subgroup is comprised of individuals who likely did not fit in with the military culture and were discharged from the military early in their careers. CONCLUSION Additional research on identifying this subgroup of military members is encouraged to better concentrate on prevention and treatment measures.
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Salas-Wright CP, Nelson EJ, Vaughn MG, Reingle Gonzalez JM, Córdova D. Trends in Fighting and Violence Among Adolescents in the United States, 2002-2014. Am J Public Health 2017; 107:977-982. [PMID: 28426317 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.303743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine trends in and correlates of fighting and violence among youths from the 3 largest racial/ethnic groups in the United States. METHODS We derived race/ethnicity-specific prevalence estimates for fighting, group fighting, and attacks with intent to harm from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a population-based study of youths aged 12 to 17 years. RESULTS The prevalence of youth fighting and violence decreased significantly in all racial/ethnic groups over the study period (2002-2014), dropping from a high of 33.6% in 2003 to a low of 23.7% in 2014, reflecting a 29% decrease in the relative proportion of young people involved in these behaviors. However, there was also a clear severity gradient in which year-by-year point estimates for fighting and violence were consistently highest among non-Hispanic African American youths, followed by Hispanic and then non-Hispanic White youths. CONCLUSIONS Although fighting and violence are on the decline among young people in general and across racial/ethnic subgroups, there is a stable pattern of disparities in youth involvement in these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Salas-Wright
- Christopher P. Salas-Wright is with the School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA. Erik J. Nelson is with the School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington. Michael G. Vaughn is with the School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO. Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez is with the School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas Regional Campus. David Córdova is with the School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Erik J Nelson
- Christopher P. Salas-Wright is with the School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA. Erik J. Nelson is with the School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington. Michael G. Vaughn is with the School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO. Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez is with the School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas Regional Campus. David Córdova is with the School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- Christopher P. Salas-Wright is with the School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA. Erik J. Nelson is with the School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington. Michael G. Vaughn is with the School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO. Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez is with the School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas Regional Campus. David Córdova is with the School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Jennifer M Reingle Gonzalez
- Christopher P. Salas-Wright is with the School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA. Erik J. Nelson is with the School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington. Michael G. Vaughn is with the School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO. Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez is with the School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas Regional Campus. David Córdova is with the School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - David Córdova
- Christopher P. Salas-Wright is with the School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA. Erik J. Nelson is with the School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington. Michael G. Vaughn is with the School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO. Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez is with the School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas Regional Campus. David Córdova is with the School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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