1
|
Younis SS, Salama AM, Elmehy DA, Heabah NA, Rabah HM, Elakshar SH, Awad RA, Gamea GA. Trichinella spiralis Larval Extract as a Biological Anti-Tumor Therapy in a Murine Model of Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma. Parasite Immunol 2024; 46:e13035. [PMID: 38712475 DOI: 10.1111/pim.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) is an immunomodulating parasite that can adversely affect tumor growth and extend host lifespan. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms by which T. spiralis larval antigens achieve this effect using Ehrlich solid carcinoma (ESC) murine model. Assessment was done by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3, TNF-α, Ki-67 and CD31. Additionally, Bcl2 and Bcl2-associated protein X (Bax) relative gene expression was assessed by molecular analysis for studying the effect of T. spiralis crude larval extract (CLE) antigen on tumor necrosis, apoptosis, cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We found that both T. spiralis infection and CLE caused a decrease in the areas of necrosis in ESC. Moreover, they led to increased apoptosis through activation of caspase-3, up-regulation of pro-apoptotic gene, Bax and down-regulation of anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl2. Also, T. spiralis infection and CLE diminished ESC proliferation, as evidenced by decreasing Ki-67. T. spiralis infection and CLE were able to suppress the development of ESC by inhibiting tumor proliferation, inducing apoptosis and decreasing tumor necrosis, with subsequent decrease in tumor metastasis. T. spiralis CLE antigen may be considered as a promising complementary immunotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salwa S Younis
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amina M Salama
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Elmehy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Heabah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hanem M Rabah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sara H Elakshar
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Awad
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Gamea
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yeh YW, Xiang Z. Mouse hygiene status-A tale of two environments for mast cells and allergy. Allergol Int 2024; 73:58-64. [PMID: 37673735 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models, including those employing the use of house mice (Mus musculus), are crucial in elucidating mechanisms in human pathophysiology. However, it is evident that the impreciseness of using laboratory mice maintained in super-hygienic barrier facilities to mirror relevant aspects of human physiology and pathology exists, which is a major limitation in translating mouse findings to inferring human medicine. Interestingly, free-living wild mice are found to be substantially different from laboratory-bred, specific pathogen-free mice with respect to various immune system compartments. Wild mice have an immune system that better reflects human immunity. In this review article, we discuss recent experimental findings that address the so-called "wild immunology", which reveals the contrasting immune features between laboratory-raised mice and their wild companions as well as laboratory mice that have been exposed to a natural rodent habitat. A particular focus will be given to the development of pulmonary mast cells and its possible impact on the use of "naturalized" or "rewilded" laboratory mice as experimental asthma models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Yeh
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thammasonthijarern N, Boonnak K, Reamtong O, Krasae T, Thankansakul J, Phongphaew W, Ampawong S, Adisakwattana P. Amelioration of ovalbumin-induced lung inflammation in a mouse model by Trichinella spiralis novel cystatin. Vet World 2023; 16:2366-2373. [PMID: 38152266 PMCID: PMC10750734 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2366-2373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Asthma, a chronic disease affecting humans and animals, has recently become increasingly prevalent and steadily widespread. The alternative treatment of asthma using helminth infections or helminth-derived immunomodulatory molecules (IMs) has been evaluated and demonstrated significant amelioration of disease severity index in vitro and in vivo. Trichinella spiralis, a parasitic nematode and its IMs, elicits a potential to relieve asthma and other immune-related disorders. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory function of recombinant T. spiralis novel cystatin (rTsCstN) in ameliorating acute inflammatory asthma disorders in a murine model. Materials and Methods Female BALB/c mice were sensitized using intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA)/alum and subsequently challenged with intranasal administration of OVA alone or OVA + rTsCstN for 3 consecutive days, producing OVA-induced allergic asthma models. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of rTsCstN, the inflammatory cells and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E levels in serum were assessed. Histological alterations in the lung tissues were determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and eventually scored for the extent of inflammatory cell infiltration. Results The asthmatic mouse models challenged with OVA + rTsCstN demonstrated a significant reduction of eosinophils (p < 0.01), macrophages (p < 0.05), and cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.05) and interferon (IFN)-γ (p < 0.05) in BALF when compared with the mice challenged with OVA alone. However, the levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 remained unchanged. Histological examination revealed that mice administered OVA + rTsCstN were less likely to have inflammatory cell infiltration in their perivascular and peribronchial lung tissues than those administered OVA alone. Conclusion Recombinant T. spiralis novel cystatin demonstrated immunomodulatory effects to reduce severe pathogenic alterations in asthma mouse models, encouraging a viable alternative treatment for asthma and other immunoregulatory disorders in humans and animals in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nipa Thammasonthijarern
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kobporn Boonnak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanyaluk Krasae
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Janyaporn Thankansakul
- Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wallaya Phongphaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang X, Shen J, Xu C, Wan C, Yang H, Qiu Y, Xu M, Duo W, Sun T, Cui J, Chu L, Yang X. Proteomic profile of Trichinella spiralis infected mice with acute spinal cord injury: A 4D label-free quantitative analysis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 97:101994. [PMID: 37207504 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause severe loss of locomotor and sensory activities, with no ideal treatment. Emerging reports suggest that the helminth therapy is highly effective in relieving numerous inflammatory diseases. Proteomic profiling is often used to elucidate the underlying mechanism behind SCI. Herein, we systematically compared the protein expression profiles of murine SCI spinal cord and Trichinella spiralis treated murine SCI spinal cord, using a 4D label-free technique known for its elevated sensitivity. Relative to the SCI mice, the T. spiralis-treated mice exhibited marked alterations in 91 proteins (31 up- and 60 down-regulated). Based on our Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis, the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were primarily enriched in the processes of metabolism, biological regulation, cellular process, antioxidant activity, and other cell functions. In addition, according to the Clusters of Orthologous Groups of protein/EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups (COG/KOG) functional stratification, proteins involved in signaling transduction mechanisms belonged to the largest category. Over-expressed DEPs were also enriched in the "NADPH oxidase complex", "superoxide anion generation", "other types of O-glycan biosynthesis", and "HIF-1 signaling pathway". Furthermore, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network identified the leading 10 hub proteins. In conclusion, we highlighted the dynamic proteomic profiling of T. spiralis-treated SCI mice. Our findings provide significant insight into the molecular mechanism behind T. spiralis regulation of SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Junhong Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Changyan Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Chen Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Wenjuan Duo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Tongjun Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Liang Chu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| | - Xiaodi Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Long SR, Shang WX, Jiang M, Li JF, Liu RD, Wang ZQ, Sun H, Cui J. Preexisting Trichinella spiralis infection attenuates the severity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010395. [PMID: 35500031 PMCID: PMC9098000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A range of helminth species involve the migration of developing larvae through the lung and establish chronic infections in the host that include potent immune regulatory effects. Trichinella spiralis is one of the most successful parasitic symbiotes. After released by intestinal female adult worms, newborn larvae of T. spiralis travel through the circulatory system to the lung and finally reach skeletal muscle cells. As unique inflammation modulator of intracellular parasitism, T. spiralis shows improved responses to autoimmune disease and viral pulmonary inflammation by exerting immunomodulatory effects on innate and adaptive immune cells. Methodology/Principal findings C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: uninfected; helminth- T. spiralis infected; P. aeruginosa infected; and co-infected. Mice infected with T. spiralis were incubated for 6 weeks, followed by P. aeruginosa intranasal inoculation. Bronchial alveolar lavage fluid, blood and lung samples were analyzed. We found that T. spiralis induced Th2 response in the mouse lung tissue, increased lung CD4+ T cells, GATA3, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 expression. Pre-existing T. spiralis infection decreased lung neutrophil recruitment, inflammatory mediator IL-1β and IL-6 expression and chemokine CXCL1 and CXCL2 release during P. aeruginosa- pneumonia. Furthermore, T. spiralis co-infected mice exhibited significantly more eosinophils at 6 hours following P. aeruginosa infection, ameliorated pulmonary inflammation and improved survival in P. aeruginosa pneumonia. Conclusions These findings indicate that a prior infection with T. spiralis ameliorates experimental pulmonary inflammation and improves survival in P. aeruginosa pneumonia through a Th2-type response with eosinophils. Helminth infections elicit type 2 immunity, which influences host immune responses to additional threats, such as allergens, metabolic disease and other pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common gram-negative pathogens causing pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. The mortality rate of ventilator associated pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa is higher than that due to other pathogens. Trichinella spiralis is a zoonotic nematode of intracellular parasitism that infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans. There is a lung migratory phase in the life cycle of T. spiralis. In this study, we found that T. spiralis induced Th2 response in the mouse lung tissue. T. spiralis co-infected mice exhibited significantly more eosinophils and less neutrophils at 6 hours following P. aeruginosa infection, ameliorated pulmonary inflammation and improved survival in P. aeruginosa pneumonia. These findings suggest a pre-existing chronic helminth with a lung migration phase infection promotes the survival of bacterial airway co-infected host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao Rong Long
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Xuan Shang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biology, School of Life Scence, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Fei Li
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hualei Sun
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (HS); (JC)
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (HS); (JC)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Brito AA, Gonçalves Santos T, Herculano KZ, Estefano-Alves C, de Alvarenga Nascimento CR, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Chavantes MC, Aimbire F, da Palma RK, Ligeiro de Oliveira AP. Photobiomodulation Therapy Restores IL-10 Secretion in a Murine Model of Chronic Asthma: Relevance to the Population of CD4 +CD25 +Foxp3 + Cells in Lung. Front Immunol 2022; 12:789426. [PMID: 35185864 PMCID: PMC8847394 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.789426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is largely known that photobiomodulation (PBM) has beneficial effects on allergic pulmonary inflammation. Our previous study showed an anti-inflammatory effect of the PBM in an acute experimental model of asthma, and we see that this mechanism is partly dependent on IL-10. However, it remains unclear whether the activation of regulatory T cells is mediated by PBM in a chronic experimental model of asthma. In this sense, the objective of this study was to verify the anti-inflammatory role of the PBM in the pulmonary inflammatory response in a chronic experimental asthma model. The protocol used for asthma induction was the administration of OVA subcutaneously (days 0 and 14) and intranasally (3 times/week, for 5 weeks). On day 50, the animals were sacrificed for the evaluation of the different parameters. The PBM used was the diode, with a wavelength of 660 nm, a power of 100 mW, and 5 J for 50 s/point, in three different application points. Our results showed that PBM decreases macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Moreover, PBM decreased the release of cytokines by the lung, mucus, and collagen in the airways and pulmonary mechanics. When we analyzed the percentage of Treg cells in the group irradiated with laser, we verified an increase in these cells, as well as the release of IL-10 in the BALF. Therefore, we conclude that the use of PBM therapy in chronic airway inflammation attenuated the inflammatory process, as well as the pulmonary functional and structural parameters, probably due to an increase in Treg cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurileia Aparecida de Brito
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, Innovative Health System Health Management (IHS Medicine and Technology), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tawany Gonçalves Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine Zanella Herculano
- Post-Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cintia Estefano-Alves
- Post-Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Flávio Aimbire
- Translational Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Renata Kelly da Palma
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Anápolis—UniEVANGELICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|