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Meneux L, Feret N, Pernot S, Girard M, Sarkis S, Caballero Megido A, Quiles M, Müller A, Fichter L, Vialaret J, Hirtz C, Delettre C, Michon F. Inherited mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by OPA1 mutation impacts the sensory innervation fibre identity, functionality and regenerative potential in the cornea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18794. [PMID: 39138286 PMCID: PMC11322642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are detrimental to organ metabolism. The cornea, transparent outmost layer of the eye, is prone to environmental aggressions, such as UV light, and therefore dependent on adequate mitochondrial function. While several reports have linked corneal defects to mitochondrial dysfunction, the impact of OPA1 mutation, known to induce such dysfunction, has never been studied in this context. We used the mouse line carrying OPA1delTTAG mutation to investigate its impact on corneal biology. To our surprise, neither the tear film composition nor the corneal epithelial transcriptomic signature were altered upon OPA1 mutation. However, when analyzing the corneal innervation, we discovered an undersensitivity of the cornea upon the mutation, but an increased innervation volume at 3 months. Furthermore, the fibre identity changed with a decrease of the SP + axons. Finally, we demonstrated that the innervation regeneration was less efficient and less functional in OPA1+/- corneas. Altogether, our study describes the resilience of the corneal epithelial biology, reflecting the mitohormesis induced by the OPA1 mutation, and the adaptation of the corneal innervation to maintain its functionality despite its morphogenesis defects. These findings will participate to a better understanding of the mitochondrial dysfunction on peripheral innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léna Meneux
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nadège Feret
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sarah Pernot
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélissa Girard
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Solange Sarkis
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alicia Caballero Megido
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Melanie Quiles
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Agnès Müller
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Fichter
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier INSERM CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Vialaret
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier INSERM CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRMB-PPC, INM, CHU Montpellier INSERM CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cecile Delettre
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic Michon
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
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Kõks S. Genomics of Wolfram Syndrome 1 (WFS1). Biomolecules 2023; 13:1346. [PMID: 37759745 PMCID: PMC10527379 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolfram Syndrome (WFS) is a rare, autosomal, recessive neurogenetic disorder that affects many organ systems. It is characterised by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellites, optic atrophy, and deafness and, therefore, is also known as DIDMOAD. Nearly 15,000-30,000 people are affected by WFS worldwide, and, on average, patients suffering from WFS die at 30 years of age, usually from central respiratory failure caused by massive brain atrophy. The more prevalent of the two kinds of WFS is WFS1, which is a monogenic disease and caused by the loss of the WFS1 gene, whereas WFS2, which is more uncommon, is caused by mutations in the CISD2 gene. Currently, there is no treatment for WFS1 to increase the life expectancy of patients, and the treatments available do not significantly improve their quality of life. Understanding the genetics and the molecular mechanisms of WFS1 is essential to finding a cure. The inability of conventional medications to treat WFS1 points to the need for innovative strategies that must address the fundamental cause: the deletion of the WFS1 gene that leads to the profound ER stress and disturbances in proteostasis. An important approach here is to understand the mechanism of the cell degeneration after the deletion of the WFS1 gene and to describe the differences in these mechanisms for the different tissues. The studies so far have indicated that remarkable clinical heterogeneity is caused by the variable vulnerability caused by WFS1 mutations, and these differences cannot be attributed solely to the positions of mutations in the WFS1 gene. The present review gives a broader overview of the results from genomic studies on the WFS1 mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, 8 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
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Jauregui R, Abreu NJ, Golan S, Panarelli JF, Sigireddi M, Nayak GK, Gold DM, Rucker JC, Galetta SL, Grossman SN. Neuro-Ophthalmologic Variability in Presentation of Genetically Confirmed Wolfram Syndrome: A Case Series and Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1030. [PMID: 37508961 PMCID: PMC10376978 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the genes WFS1 or CISD2. Clinically, the classic phenotype is composed of optic atrophy, diabetes mellitus type 1, diabetes insipidus, and deafness. Wolfram syndrome, however, is phenotypically heterogenous with variable clinical manifestations and age of onset. We describe four cases of genetically confirmed Wolfram syndrome with variable presentations, including acute-on-chronic vision loss, dyschromatopsia, and tonic pupils. All patients had optic atrophy, only three had diabetes, and none exhibited the classic Wolfram phenotype. MRI revealed a varying degree of the classical features associated with the syndrome, including optic nerve, cerebellar, and brainstem atrophy. The cohort's genotype and presentation supported the reported phenotype-genotype correlations for Wolfram, where missense variants lead to milder, later-onset presentation of the Wolfram syndrome spectrum. When early onset optic atrophy and/or diabetes mellitus are present in a patient, a diagnosis of Wolfram syndrome should be considered, as early diagnosis is crucial for the appropriate referrals and management of the associated conditions. Nevertheless, the condition should also be considered in otherwise unexplained, later-onset optic atrophy, given the phenotypic spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Jauregui
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nicolas J Abreu
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shani Golan
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joseph F Panarelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Meenakshi Sigireddi
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gopi K Nayak
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Doria M Gold
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Janet C Rucker
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Steven L Galetta
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Scott N Grossman
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Wolfram Syndrome 1: From Genetics to Therapy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063225. [PMID: 35328914 PMCID: PMC8949990 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome 1 (WS1) is a rare neurodegenerative disease transmitted in an autosomal recessive mode. It is characterized by diabetes insipidus (DI), diabetes mellitus (DM), optic atrophy (OA), and sensorineural hearing loss (D) (DIDMOAD). The clinical picture may be complicated by other symptoms, such as urinary tract, endocrinological, psychiatric, and neurological abnormalities. WS1 is caused by mutations in the WFS1 gene located on chromosome 4p16 that encodes a transmembrane protein named wolframin. Many studies have shown that wolframin regulates some mechanisms of ER calcium homeostasis and therefore plays a role in cellular apoptosis. More than 200 mutations are responsible for WS1. However, abnormal phenotypes of WS with or without DM, inherited in an autosomal dominant mode and associated with one or more WFS1 mutations, have been found. Furthermore, recessive Wolfram-like disease without DM has been described. The prognosis of WS1 is poor, and the death occurs prematurely. Although there are no therapies that can slow or stop WS1, a careful clinical monitoring can help patients during the rapid progression of the disease, thus improving their quality of life. In this review, we describe natural history and etiology of WS1 and suggest criteria for a most pertinent approach to the diagnosis and clinical follow up. We also describe the hallmarks of new therapies for WS1.
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Sneyers F, Loncke J, Bultynck G. Keeping an eye on Ca 2+ signalling to tackle dry eye diseases. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103741. [PMID: 34902791 PMCID: PMC8671085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Flore Sneyers
- KU Leuven and Leuven Kanker Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jens Loncke
- KU Leuven and Leuven Kanker Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven and Leuven Kanker Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I bus 802, Herestraat 49, BE, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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