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He Z, Lin H, Sui J, Wang K, Wang H, Cao L. Seafood waste derived carbon nanomaterials for removal and detection of food safety hazards. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172332. [PMID: 38615776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanobiotechnology and the engineering of nanomaterials are currently the main focus of many researches. Seafood waste carbon nanomaterials (SWCNs) are a renewable resource with large surface area, porous structure, high reactivity, and abundant active sites. They efficiently adsorb food contaminants through π-π conjugated, ion exchange, and electrostatic interaction. Furthermore, SWCNs prepared from seafood waste are rich in N and O functional groups. They have high quantum yield (QY) and excellent fluorescence properties, making them promising materials for the removal and detection of pollutants. It provides an opportunity by which solutions to the long-term challenges of the food industry in assessing food safety, maintaining food quality, detecting contaminants and pretreating samples can be found. In addition, carbon nanomaterials can be used as adsorbents to reduce environmental pollutants and prevent food safety problems from the source. In this paper, the types of SWCNs are reviewed; the synthesis, properties and applications of SWCNs are reviewed and the raw material selection, preparation methods, reaction conditions and formation mechanisms of biomass-based carbon materials are studied in depth. Finally, the advantages of seafood waste carbon and its composite materials in pollutant removal and detection were discussed, and existing problems were pointed out, which provided ideas for the future development and research directions of this interesting and versatile material. Based on the concept of waste pricing and a recycling economy, the aim of this paper is to outline current trends and the future potential to transform residues from the seafood waste sector into valuable biological (nano) materials, and to apply them to food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Limin Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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Gao M, Ling N, Tian H, Guo C, Wang Q. Toxicity, physiological response, and biosorption mechanism of Dunaliella salina to copper, lead, and cadmium. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1374275. [PMID: 38605709 PMCID: PMC11007151 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1374275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Heavy metal pollution has become a global problem, which urgently needed to be solved owing to its severe threat to water ecosystems and human health. Thus, the exploration and development of a simple, cost-effective and environmental-friendly technique to remove metal elements from contaminated water is of great importance. Algae are a kind of photosynthetic autotroph and exhibit excellent bioadsorption capacities, making them suitable for wastewater treatment. Methods The effects of heavy metals (copper, lead and cadmium) on the growth, biomolecules accumulation, metabolic responses and antioxidant response of Dunaliella salina were investigated. Moreover, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the biosorption capacity, and FT-IR was performed to explore the biosorption mechanism of D. salina on multiple heavy metals. Results The growth of D. salina cells was significantly inhibited and the contents of intracellular photosynthetic pigments, polysaccharides and proteins were obviously reduced under different concentrations of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+, and the EC50 values were 18.14 mg/L, 160.37 mg/L and 3.32 mg/L at 72 h, respectively. Besides, the activities of antioxidant enzyme SOD and CAT in D. salina first increased, and then descended with increasing concentration of three metal ions, while MDA contents elevated continuously. Moreover, D. salina exhibited an excellent removal efficacy on three heavy metals. BBD assay revealed that the maximal removal rates for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ were 88.9%, 87.2% and 72.9%, respectively under optimal adsorption conditions of pH 5-6, temperature 20-30°C, and adsorption time 6 h. Both surface biosorption and intracellular bioaccumulation mechanisms are involved in metal ions removal of D. salina. FT-IR spectrum exhibited the main functional groups including carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-OH), amino (-NH2), phosphate (-P=O) and sulfate (-S=O) are closely associated with the biosorption or removal of heavy metalsions. Discussion Attributing to the brilliant biosorption capacity, Dunaliella salina may be developed to be an excellent adsorbent for heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Gao
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Na Ling
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Chunqiu Guo
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Bilba K, Onésippe Potiron C, Arsène MA. Invasive biomass algae valorization: Assessment of the viability of Sargassum seaweed as pozzolanic material. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118056. [PMID: 37224657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to develop the operating conditions to produce ash from marine biomass i.e. Sargassum seaweed in order to consider their ash as pozzolanic materials. An experimental design is used to determine the most significant parameters of the ash elaboration. The parameters of the experimental design are calcination temperature (600 and 700 °C), granulometry of raw biomass (diameter D < 0.4 mm and 0.4 mm < D < 1 mm) and content by mass of algae (67 wt% of Sargassum fluitans and 100 wt% of Sargassum fluitans). The influence of these parameters on the yield of calcination, specific density, loss on ignition of ash and pozzolanic activity of ash are studied. At the same time, texture and a number of oxides in ash are observed by scanning electron microscopy. The first results show that in order to obtain light ash, a mixture of Sargassum (67% by mass of Sargassum fluitans + 33% by mass of Sargassum natans) of diameter (0.4 mm < diameter <1 mm) should be burnt at 600 °C for 3 h. In the second part, it appears that the morphological and thermal degradation characteristics of the Sargassum algae ash are similar to pozzolanic materials ones. Nevertheless, Chapelle tests, chemical composition and structural surface, crystallinity show that the Sargassum algae ash is not a pozzolanic-like material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketty Bilba
- COVACHIM-M2E Research Group, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, BP 250, 97157, Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France.
| | - Cristel Onésippe Potiron
- COVACHIM-M2E Research Group, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, BP 250, 97157, Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Marie-Ange Arsène
- COVACHIM-M2E Research Group, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, BP 250, 97157, Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France
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Alvarez-Galvan Y, Minofar B, Futera Z, Francoeur M, Jean-Marius C, Brehm N, Yacou C, Jauregui-Haza UJ, Gaspard S. Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium Using Activated Carbon Produced from Sargassum ssp.: Comparison between Lab Experiments and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Molecules 2022; 27:6040. [PMID: 36144787 PMCID: PMC9503432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adsorption is one of the most successful physicochemical approaches for removing heavy metal contaminants from polluted water. The use of residual biomass for the production of adsorbents has attracted a lot of attention due to its cheap price and environmentally friendly approach. The transformation of Sargassum-an invasive brown macroalga-into activated carbon (AC) via phosphoric acid thermochemical activation was explored in an effort to increase the value of Sargassum seaweed biomass. Several techniques (nitrogen adsorption, pHPZC, Boehm titration, FTIR and XPS) were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of the activated carbons. The SAC600 3/1 was predominantly microporous and mesoporous (39.6% and 60.4%, respectively) and revealed a high specific surface area (1695 m2·g-1). To serve as a comparison element, a commercial reference activated carbon with a large specific surface area (1900 m2·g-1) was also investigated. The influence of several parameters on the adsorption capacity of AC was studied: solution pH, solution temperature, contact time and Cr(VI) concentration. The best adsorption capacities were found at very acid (pH 2) solution pH and at lower temperatures. The adsorption kinetics of SAC600 3/1 fitted well a pseudo-second-order type 1 model and the adsorption isotherm was better described by a Jovanovic-Freundlich isotherm model. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirmed the experimental results and determined that hydroxyl and carboxylate groups are the most influential functional groups in the adsorption process of chromium anions. MD simulations also showed that the addition of MgCl2 to the activated carbon surface before adsorption experiments, slightly increases the adsorption of HCrO4- and CrO42- anions. Finally, this theoretical study was experimentally validated obtaining an increase of 5.6% in chromium uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeray Alvarez-Galvan
- Laboratoire COVACHIM-M2E, EA 3592, Campus de Fouillole, Université des Antilles, 97157 Pointe à Pitre, France
- NBC SARL Company, 8, Rue Saint Cyr, Résidence Océane—Apt no. 5, 97300 Cayenne, France
| | - Babak Minofar
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zamek 136, 37333 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Futera
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia České Budějovice, Branišovská 1760/31a, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marckens Francoeur
- Laboratoire COVACHIM-M2E, EA 3592, Campus de Fouillole, Université des Antilles, 97157 Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Corine Jean-Marius
- Laboratoire COVACHIM-M2E, EA 3592, Campus de Fouillole, Université des Antilles, 97157 Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Nicolas Brehm
- NBC SARL Company, 8, Rue Saint Cyr, Résidence Océane—Apt no. 5, 97300 Cayenne, France
| | - Christelle Yacou
- Laboratoire COVACHIM-M2E, EA 3592, Campus de Fouillole, Université des Antilles, 97157 Pointe à Pitre, France
| | | | - Sarra Gaspard
- Laboratoire COVACHIM-M2E, EA 3592, Campus de Fouillole, Université des Antilles, 97157 Pointe à Pitre, France
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Plaza-Cazón J, Landea MPS, Donati ER. Bioreduction and biosorption of chromium by Undaria pinntifida. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pinteus S, Susano P, Alves C, Silva J, Martins A, Pedrosa R. Seaweed’s Role in Energetic Transition—From Environmental Pollution Challenges to Enhanced Electrochemical Devices. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030458. [PMID: 35336831 PMCID: PMC8945715 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Earth is currently facing the effects of climate change in all environmental ecosystems; this, together with pollution, is the cause of species extinction and biodiversity loss. Thus, it is vital to take actions to mitigate and decrease the release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. The emergence of energetic transition from fossil fuels to greener energies is clearly defined in the United Nations 2030 agenda. Although this transition endorses the ambitious goal to supply greener energy for all developed societies, the increased demand for the minerals essential to develop cleaner energetic technologies has highlighted several economic and environmental issues. Currently, these minerals are mainly obtained by mining activities that generate high levels of soil and water pollution, coupled with the intensive use of water and hazardous gas release. On the other hand, the exponential increase of electronic waste derived from end-of-life electronic equipment is already raising environmental concerns due to heavy metal contamination as a result of their disposal. Thus, it is vital to develop sustainable and efficient strategies to mitigate energetic transition environmental footprints. This review highlights the use of seaweed biomass for toxic mineral bioremediation, recycling, and as an alternative material for greener energy-storage device development. Abstract Resulting from the growing human population and the long dependency on fossil-based energies, the planet is facing a critical rise in global temperature, which is affecting all ecosystem networks. With a growing consciousness this issue, the EU has defined several strategies towards environment sustainability, where biodiversity restoration and preservation, pollution reduction, circular economy, and energetic transition are paramount issues. To achieve the ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral by 2050, it is vital to mitigate the environmental footprint of the energetic transition, namely heavy metal pollution resulting from mining and processing of raw materials and from electronic waste disposal. Additionally, it is vital to find alternative materials to enhance the efficiency of energy storage devices. This review addresses the environmental challenges associated with energetic transition, with particular emphasis on the emergence of new alternative materials for the development of cleaner energy technologies and on the environmental impacts of mitigation strategies. We compile the most recent advances on natural sources, particularly seaweed, with regard to their use in metal recycling, bioremediation, and as valuable biomass to produce biochar for electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susete Pinteus
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (P.S.); (C.A.); (J.S.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (R.P.); Tel.: +351-262-783-607 (S.P.)
| | - Patrícia Susano
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (P.S.); (C.A.); (J.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Celso Alves
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (P.S.); (C.A.); (J.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Joana Silva
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (P.S.); (C.A.); (J.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alice Martins
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal; (P.S.); (C.A.); (J.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2520-614 Peniche, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (R.P.); Tel.: +351-262-783-607 (S.P.)
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Marrakchi F, Fazeli Zafar F, Wei M, yuan C, Cao B, Wang S. N-doped mesoporous H3PO4–pyrocarbon from seaweed and melamine for batch adsorption of the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Application of Immobilization Techniques in Heavy Metal and Metalloid Remediation. IMMOBILIZATION STRATEGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7998-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Li SS, Wang XL, An QD, Xiao ZY, Zhai SR, Cui L, Li ZC. Upon designing carboxyl methylcellulose and chitosan-derived nanostructured sorbents for efficient removal of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) from water. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 143:640-650. [PMID: 31830452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Considering that the hazardous heavy metal ions like Cd(II) and Cr(VI) are widely present in the environment, nowadays employing easy-to-handle adsorption-oriented processes are feasible choices towards efficient remediation of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous systems. Herein we developed a novel amino-functionalized bead with cost-effectiveness, high sorption capacity and fast sorption kinetics to remove Cd(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The carboxyl methylcellulose and chitosan-derived nanostructured sorbents synthesis were mainly through chitosan and dopamine self-polymerization, doped in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and glutaraldehyde cross-linking. The pH value, initial concentration and contact time were investigated. Experimental data were commendably described by Freundlich isotherm and Pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacities of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) obtained from the experimental data were 470.0 mg/g and 347.0 mg/g, respectively. The adsorbents were collaboratively characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA, XPS, etc., and the adsorbent basically exhibited high complexation ability to Cd(II) and showed strong electrostatic effect with Cr(VI) under acidic conditions. The recycling characteristics suggested that it possesses an outstanding recyclability. The adsorbent may have a potential as high-value biological adsorbent to remove heavy metals and it deserves further research into the practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Li
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xue-Lian Wang
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Qing-Da An
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Zuo-Yi Xiao
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shang-Ru Zhai
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Li Cui
- Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Cheng SY, Show PL, Lau BF, Chang JS, Ling TC. New Prospects for Modified Algae in Heavy Metal Adsorption. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1255-1268. [PMID: 31174882 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is one of the most pervasive environmental problems globally. Novel finely tuned algae have been proposed as a means to improve the efficacy and selectivity of heavy metal biosorption. This article reviews current research on selective algal heavy metal adsorption and critically discusses the performance of novel biosorbents. We emphasize emerging state-of-the-art techniques that customize algae for enhanced performance and selectivity, particularly molecular and chemical extraction techniques as well as nanoparticle (NP) synthesis approaches. The mechanisms and processes for developing novel algal biosorbents are also presented. Finally, we discuss the applications, challenges, and future prospects for modified algae in heavy metal biosorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Yin Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Beng Fye Lau
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Research Center for Circular Economy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Tau Chuan Ling
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Ajmani A, Shahnaz T, Subbiah S, Narayanasamy S. Hexavalent chromium adsorption on virgin, biochar, and chemically modified carbons prepared from Phanera vahlii fruit biomass: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32137-32150. [PMID: 31494856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel biosorbent Phanera vahlii fruit biomass (PVF) and its biochar and chemically modified forms were studied for the elimination of Cr(VI) from synthetic solutions. Biosorbents were characterized through BET, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, and TGA technique. The parameters influencing biosorption were optimized and found as pH 2.0, temperature 303 K, initial metal concentration 500 mg/L, and biosorbent dosage 0.5 g/L. The ideal contact time was 180 min for all biosorbents. Freundlich isotherm was found to have good correlation with investigational data, which indicated that biosorption takes place in multiple layer style. Langmuir adsorption isotherm yielded the highest biosorption capacity (Qo) to be 159.1, 225.1, 244.1, and 278.5 mg/g for Phanera vahlii fruit biomass, Phanera vahlii biochar, Phanera vahlii phosphoric acid activated carbon, and Phanera vahlii zinc chloride activated carbon, respectively. Experimental data had good correlation with pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted. Thermodynamic studies indicated the biosorption process to be spontaneous, stable, and endothermic. Thus, it was concluded that Phanera vahlii fruit biomass and the derived activated carbons are promising biosorbents for adsorption of chromium from aqueous solutions. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Ajmani
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Tasrin Shahnaz
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Senthilmurugan Subbiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Selvaraju Narayanasamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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