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Akhund R, Allahwasaya A, Wu C, Wang R, Chu DI, Chen H, McMullin JL. National Institutes of Health Funding Among Society of Asian Academic Surgery Members. J Surg Res 2024; 302:845-849. [PMID: 39243523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION External funding is fundamental to surgeon-scientists and many Society of Asian Academic Surgeons (SAAS) members have received funding through National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants. The amount of funding through NIH awards amongst SAAS members has yet to be evaluated. Our objective was to quantify the amount and type of NIH funding among SAAS members. METHODS A list of all active SAAS members was compiled. The NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool's Expenditure and Results was queried to identify NIH funding among active members. RESULTS Among 585 active SAAS members, 165 (28%) received NIH funding during their career. Of these, 110 members (66.6%) were male and 55 members (33.3%) were female. A total of 420 NIH grants have been awarded totaling $518.7 million in funding. There are currently 47 active grants totaling $34.1 million in funding. When analyzing by type, there were 226 R research grants, 63 K career development awards, 53 T and F research training and fellowships awards, and 78 other awards. Of the 63 members who received a K award, 35 members (55%) have subsequently received an R award. CONCLUSIONS SAAS members are highly funded with 28% of members having received NIH funding totaling $518.7 million. SAAS' mission is to foster the personal and professional development of academic surgeons and we found that many SAAS members have the experience to mentor other surgeon-scientists through the process of obtaining NIH funding. Participation in organizations like SAAS can help nurture the success of future generations of surgeon-scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Akhund
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ashba Allahwasaya
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Christopher Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rongzhi Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Daniel I Chu
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Herbert Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jessica Liu McMullin
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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Shah NR, Ochoa B, Eldredge RS, Hirschl RB, Henry MC, van Leeuwen K. The Only Constant is Change: A Longitudinal Analysis of Women's Representation Across American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) Committee Leadership. J Pediatr Surg 2024:161901. [PMID: 39317570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.161901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women have historically been underrepresented in surgical leadership and in specialty organizations. This study longitudinally examines representation of women across committee leadership within the American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA). METHODS Annual APSA committee chair and vice-chair rosters (2003-2023) were obtained. If not self-reported in the membership roster, gender was classified based upon review of publicly available data. Proportions of women who served as chairs and vice-chairs were quantified by committee and by year. RESULTS Overall, the proportion of women serving as APSA committee chairs and vice-chairs increased from 11% to 48% during the study period (p = 0.001). In examining each position, the proportion of women chairs increased from 12% to 40% (p = 0.042), while women vice-chairs increased from 10% to 58% (p = 0.009). The committees with the highest cumulative proportion of women chairs were Benjy Brooks (100%), Diversity Equity & Inclusion (100%), Finance (100%), Global Pediatric Surgery (67%), and Wellness (67%). Four committees- Trauma, Access to Surgery for Kids, Practice, and Professional Development - were not led by a woman chair in the entire study period. Additionally, five committees that traditionally have had significant impact on organizational workflow and agendas all had cumulative proportions of women chairs of less than 50% - Education (33%), Publications (28.6%), Outcomes (19%), Surgical Quality & Safety (18.8%) and Program (9.5%). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate encouraging trends in the gender diversity of APSA leadership. However, this progress does not appear to be evenly distributed; leadership of key committees continues to lack substantial women's representation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil R Shah
- University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine. Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, 1540 E. Hospital Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-4211, USA.
| | - Brielle Ochoa
- Phoenix Children's, Department of Pediatric Surgery, 1919 E. Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - R Scott Eldredge
- Phoenix Children's, Department of Pediatric Surgery, 1919 E. Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Ronald B Hirschl
- University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine. Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, 1540 E. Hospital Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-4211, USA
| | - Marion C Henry
- University of Chicago, Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kathleen van Leeuwen
- Phoenix Children's, Department of Pediatric Surgery, 1919 E. Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
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Amonoo HL, Khandai AC, Boardman AC, Ernst CL, Fernandez-Robles C, Suarez L, Bradley MV, Forrester AK, Dale C, Lee K, Vaughn R, Mittal LP. Annual Meeting Content Analysis: Leveraging Annual Meetings to Promote Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging in the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2024; 65:357-365. [PMID: 38395108 PMCID: PMC11339239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing need to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in all aspects of academic medicine, including through continuing medical education. Although professional medical organizations' annual meetings play an instrumental role in continuing medical education for physicians, there are no studies describing DEI content in the annual meeting programming of professional medical organizations, including the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry (ACLP), the primary professional organization for consultation-liaison psychiatrists. OBJECTIVE To examine the ACLP annual meeting titles using Content Analysis. METHODS We examined the publicly available ACLP annual meeting content titles on the ACLP website from 2010 to 2021. National DEI leaders from ACLP's DEI subcommittee iteratively generated keywords that covered a broad scope of DEI-related themes. Each annual meeting's content was independently coded by 2 members of the DEI subcommittee with discrepancies adjudicated by 2 additional members. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the content of the annual meeting. RESULTS Of the 2615 annual meeting titles from 2010 to 2021 that were analyzed, 2531 were not coded to have DEI themes. Three percent (n = 84) of titles were coded to have a DEI theme as follows: Culture/diversity (n = 20, 24%), bias/disparities (n = 17, 20%), race/racism (n = 17, 20%), social justice (n = 12, 14%), gender/sexism (n = 10, 12%), and LGBTQ+ (n = 8, 10%). The frequency of DEI titles each year ranged from 1% (2010, 2018) to 17% (2021) with an increase in DEI content in 2021 (n = 24, 17%). CONCLUSIONS Although professional medical organizations like the ACLP are poised to leverage their continuing medical education platforms embedded in annual meeting programming to train consultation-liaison psychiatrists on DEI topics, our findings suggest more work is needed to develop and promote DEI-focused educational programming for their annual meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermioni L Amonoo
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Abhisek C Khandai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Carrie L Ernst
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Robles
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Laura Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark V Bradley
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anique K Forrester
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ciara Dale
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kewchang Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Rubiahna Vaughn
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Leena P Mittal
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Zmijewski P, Aleman C, McLeod C, Gillis A, Sidani M, Lynch K, Parker C, Lancaster R, Lindeman B, Chen H, Fazendin J. When I Don't see me, Am I seen? Race and student perception of the surgery clerkship. Am J Surg 2024; 229:116-120. [PMID: 38123386 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing interest in general surgery from students who are Under-Represented in Medicine (URiM) is imperative to advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts. We examined medical student third year surgery clerkship evaluations quantitatively and qualitatively to understand the experiences of URiM and non-URiM learners at our institution. METHODS Evaluations from 235 graduated medical students between the years of 2019 and 2021 were analyzed. T-tests were used to compare numerical data. Free-text comments were qualitatively analyzed using inductive thematic analysis by two independent reviewers with conflicts resolved by a third. RESULTS Evaluations were completed by 214 non-URiM students (91.1 %) and 21 (8.9 %) URiM students. There were no significant differences between URiM and non-URiM students in ratings of faculty and resident teaching. When asked whether residents were positive role models for patient care, non-URiM students were more likely than URiM students to agree (3.284 vs. 2.864, p = 0.040). When asked whether they considered faculty to be positive role models, non- URM students were also more likely to answer affirmatively than URiM students (3.394 vs. 2.909 p = 0.013). Qualitative comments were similar between the two groups. When asked what the strengths of the clerkship were, the most commonly evoked theme was "interactions with team" with subthemes of "team integration" "feeling valued" and positive "faculty" or "resident" interactions. "Operative experience" was the second most commonly evoked strength of the clerkship. The most common criticisms of the clerkship involved "negative interactions with team" with subthemes of "not prioritized above other learners" and "ignored." Negative "academic experience" was the next most commonly evoked weakness, with an affiliated theme of "lack of teaching." CONCLUSIONS URiM students are less likely than non-URiM students to see surgical residents and faculty as positive role models. Integrating medical students into the team, taking time to teach, and allowing students to feel valued in their roles improves the clerkship experience for trainees and can contribute to recruitment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Aleman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Andrea Gillis
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mohamad Sidani
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Herbert Chen
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Correia MITD, da Silva BR, Ayesh W, Ballesteros-Pomar MD, Cardenas D, de van der Schueren MAE, Gonzalez MC, Kiss N, Perez Francisco EM, Prado CM. Sex disparities in parenteral and enteral nutrition societies' leadership worldwide: a 20-year retrospective analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:196-205. [PMID: 37956721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advancements in the global dialog surrounding sex and gender equity, an important gap persists with women markedly underrepresented in major roles within health care leadership. OBJECTIVES We examined the extent of women's representation in prominent positions within parenteral and enteral nutrition (PEN) societies worldwide over a span of 2 decades. DESIGN This retrospective analysis explored the sex distribution of society chairs, conference presidents, and editor-in-chief positions across 64 PEN societies between 2003 and 2022. Additionally, data on the first and last authors of endorsed clinical guidelines were collected from the 2 leading societies. RESULTS Over the past 20 y, women held society chair positions in 34.4% of cases. The representation shifted from 30% during the decade from 2003 to 2012 to 40.5% from 2013 to 2022. Throughout these years, the numbers consistently ranged from 0 to 10; however, the median shifted upward from 1 during the first decade to 4 in the subsequent decade (P = 0.04). Of 420 congress presidencies, ∼30% were women. In endorsed guidelines, women were the first authors in 27.1% of cases (P < 0.001) and the last in 28.9% (P < 0.001) compared with men. Of the 123 journal editor-in-chief positions, women occupied 23 (18.7%). CONCLUSION Over the last 2 decades, women have been consistently underrepresented in prominent leadership roles in PEN societies globally. Although there has been a noticeable shift toward more women in chair positions, true sex equality remains elusive. Moreover, sex disparities are even more pronounced in positions, such as conference presidents, authors of major guidelines, and editors-in-chief of society-affiliated journals. These data underscore the pressing need to enhance efforts toward sex equality across these domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel T D Correia
- Department of Surgery, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Bruna R da Silva
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Wafaa Ayesh
- Nutrition Department Altadawi Hospital and Medical Centres, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria D Ballesteros-Pomar
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Altos de Nava, León, Spain
| | - Diana Cardenas
- Nutrition Unit, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Marian A E de van der Schueren
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Lifestyle, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicole Kiss
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Allied Health Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eliza Mei Perez Francisco
- Nutrition Support Team and Weight Management Center, Mary Mediatrix Medical Center, Lipa City, Batangas, Philippines
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Ahuja V, Narayan M, Sanchez SE, Kaufman E, Ho V. A Pathway for Increased Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Surgical Infection Society. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2023; 24:852-859. [PMID: 38032596 PMCID: PMC11313550 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2023.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: With the rise of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts across medicine, the Surgical Infection Society (SIS) leadership undertook a several-year mission to evaluate DEI issues within the SIS, through the formation of a DEI Ad Hoc Committee to guide the application of best practices. The purpose of this article is to describe the work of the DEI committee since its inception, as well as report on advances made during that time. Methods: Beginning in September 2020, 26 volunteer committee members met monthly to explore the current state of science and best practices around DEI, identify opportunities for the SIS, and translate opportunities into recommendations. As part of this initiative, a survey of the SIS membership was conducted. Survey results, published best practices from business and medicine, and experiences of committee members were utilized collaboratively to outline specific opportunities and recommendations. These findings were presented to the SIS Executive Council and to the membership at the SIS Annual Business Meeting. Results: Committee-identified opportunities and recommendations fell into broad categories of Membership, Leadership and Society Structure, the Annual Meeting, and Research Priorities. Several recommendations were immediately enacted, and a standing DEI committee was established to continue this work. Conclusions: Beyond the main mission of the SIS to advance the science of surgical infections, the SIS can also have a major impact on DEI within society and academic surgery at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanita Ahuja
- Yale School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mayur Narayan
- Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Vanessa Ho
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Morse E, Harpel L, Born H, Rameau A. Female Surgical Ergonomics in Otolaryngology: A Qualitative Study. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3034-3041. [PMID: 37096670 PMCID: PMC10593046 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the surgical ergonomic challenges experienced by women in otolaryngology, identify specific equipment that is ergonomically challenging, and assess the impact of suboptimal ergonomics on female otolaryngologists. METHODS We performed a qualitative study using an interpretive framework rooted in grounded theory. We performed semi-structured qualitative interviews of 14 female otolaryngologists from nine institutions at various stages in training and across subspecialties. Interviews were independently analyzed by thematic content analysis by two researchers and inter-rater reliability was assessed via Cohen's kappa. Differing opinions were reconciled via discussion. RESULTS Participants noted difficulties with equipment including microscopes, chairs, step stools, and tables as well as difficulty using larger surgical instruments, preference for smaller instruments, frustration with lack of smaller instruments, and a desire for a larger spectrum of instrument sizes. Participants reported neck, hand, and back pain associated with operating. Participants suggested modifications to the operative environment, including a wider variety of instrument sizes, adjustable instruments, and more focus and attention on ergonomic issues and the range of surgeon physiques. Participants felt that optimizing their operating room set-up was an additional burden on them, and that lack of inclusive instrumentation affected their sense of belonging. Participants emphasized positive stories of mentorship and empowerment from peers and superiors of all genders. CONCLUSION Female otolaryngologists face unique ergonomic challenges. As the otolaryngology workforce becomes increasingly diverse, it is important to address the needs of a diverse set of physiques to avoid inadvertently disadvantaging certain individuals. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 133:3034-3041, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Morse
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Lexa Harpel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Hayley Born
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
- Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Anaïs Rameau
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
- Sean Parker Institute for the Voice, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
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Iwai Y, Yu AYL, Thomas SM, Fayanju OA, Sudan R, Bynum DL, Fayanju OM. Leadership and Impostor Syndrome in Surgery. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 237:585-595. [PMID: 37350479 PMCID: PMC10846669 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impostor syndrome is an internalized sense of incompetence and not belonging. We examined associations between impostor syndrome and holding leadership positions in medicine. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was distributed to US physicians from June 2021 to December 2021 through medical schools and professional organizations. Differences were tested with the chi-square test and t -test for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with holding leadership positions and experiencing impostor syndrome. RESULTS A total of 2,183 attending and retired physicians were included in the analytic cohort; 1,471 (67.4%) were in leadership roles and 712 (32.6%) were not. After adjustment, male physicians were more likely than women to hold leadership positions (odds ratio 1.4; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.69; p < 0.001). Non-US citizens (permanent resident or visa holder) were less likely to hold leadership positions than US citizens (odds ratio 0.3; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.55; p < 0.001). Having a leadership position was associated with lower odds of impostor syndrome (odds ratio 0.54; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.68; p < 0.001). Female surgeons were more likely to report impostor syndrome compared to male surgeons (90.0% vs 67.7%; p < 0.001), an association that persisted even when female surgeons held leadership roles. Similar trends were appreciated for female and male nonsurgeons. Impostor syndrome rates did not differ by race and ethnicity, including among those underrepresented in medicine, even after adjustment for gender and leadership role. CONCLUSIONS Female physicians were more likely to experience impostor syndrome than men, regardless of specialty or leadership role. Although several identity-based gaps persist in leadership, impostor syndrome among racially minoritized groups may not be a significant contributor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Iwai
- From the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC (Iwai)
| | - Alice Yunzi L Yu
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (Yu)
| | - Samantha M Thomas
- Duke Cancer Institute (Thomas), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics (Thomas), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Oluseyi A Fayanju
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA (QA Fayanju)
| | - Ranjan Sudan
- Surgery (Sudan), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Debra L Bynum
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC (Bynum)
| | - Oluwadamilola M Fayanju
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine (OM Fayanju), The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Penn Center for Cancer Care Innovation (PC3I) (OM Fayanju), The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (LDI) (OM Fayanju), The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Rena Rowan Breast Center, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA (OM Fayanju)
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Suraju MO, McElroy L, Moten A, Obeng-Gyasi S, Alimi Y, Carter D, Foretia DA, Stapleton S, Yilma M, Reid VJ, Tetteh HA, Khabele D, Rodriguez LM, Campbell A, Newman EA. A framework to improve retention of Black surgical trainees: A Society of Black Academic Surgeons white paper. Am J Surg 2023; 226:438-446. [PMID: 37495467 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Attrition is high among surgical trainees, and six of ten trainees consider leaving their programs, with two ultimately leaving before completion of training. Given known historically and systemically rooted biases, Black surgical trainees are at high risk of attrition during residency training. With only 4.5% of all surgical trainees identifying as Black, underrepresentation among their peers can lend to misclassification of failure to assimilate as clinical incompetence. Furthermore, the disproportionate impact of ongoing socioeconomic crisis (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic, police brutality etc.) on Black trainees and their families confers additional challenges that may exacerbate attrition rates. Thus, attrition is a significant threat to medical workforce diversity and health equity. There is urgent need for surgical programs to develop proactive approaches to address attrition and the threat to the surgical workforce. In this Society of Black Academic Surgeons (SBAS) white paper, we provide a framework that promotes an open and inclusive environment conducive to the retention of Black surgical trainees, and continued progress towards attainment of health equity for racial and ethnic minorities in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed O Suraju
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Lisa McElroy
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ambria Moten
- Department of Surgery, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Samilia Obeng-Gyasi
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yewande Alimi
- Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Damien Carter
- Department of Surgery, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, United States
| | - Denis A Foretia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Sahael Stapleton
- Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Vacaville Medical Center, Vacaville, CA, United States
| | - Mignote Yilma
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Vincent J Reid
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Surgery, Mercy Medical Center Cedar Rapids, Cedar Rapids, IA, United States
| | - Hassan A Tetteh
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dineo Khabele
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, And Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - Luz M Rodriguez
- Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMM) Uniformed Services University (USU), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andre Campbell
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Erika A Newman
- Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, CS Mott Children's Hospital, The University of Michigan Medical School, United States.
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Reynolds IS, Brown LB. Academic surgery at home and abroad: A guide for students and residents. Am J Surg 2023; 225:442-445. [PMID: 36195504 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Reynolds
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Lawrence B Brown
- Department of General Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Wallace LA, Chen H, Bello-Ogunu F, Xie R. The need for increasing female leadership in surgical departments. Am J Surg 2022; 224:1332-1333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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From the Editor – in – Chief: Papers from the Society of Black Academic Surgeons. Am J Surg 2022; 224:1023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Collins C, Campbell A. Challenges in changing the face of medicine: Commentary on “Diversity, equity, and inclusion in presidential leadership of academic medical and surgical societies”. Am J Surg 2022; 224:1027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2022.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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