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Leo DG, Keller SS, Proietti R. "Close your eyes and relax": the role of hypnosis in reducing anxiety, and its implications for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1411835. [PMID: 39035095 PMCID: PMC11258040 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1411835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is the most common form of mental health disorder, affecting millions of people worldwide. Psychosocial interventions such as mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have been suggested as an effective treatment in the management of general anxiety and anxiety disorders, with emerging evidence also suggesting the effectiveness of hypnosis. Moreover, anxiety has shown to be linked to the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the leading cause of global death. In this paper, we review the current literature to examine the role that anxiety has on the onset and development of CVD and summarize the current knowledge on the role that hypnosis and hypnotherapy have in reducing anxiety, also explaining how this can impact the cardiovascular system and the prevention of CVD. Review of the evidence suggests that hypnosis and hypnotherapy are effective in treating anxiety and may positively affect the heart and the cardiovascular system, reducing sympathetic activation and increasing parasympathetic tone, potentially preventing the onset of CVD related to increased sympathetic activation. However, further studies are required to further understand how hypnosis and hypnotherapy affect the cardiovascular system through investigation of the neurophysiological components of the hypnotic state and of the mind-body relationship. Healthcare systems should embed mental health screening in patients at risk of developing CVD as part of the clinical pathway and consider the role that hypnosis and hypnotherapy may play in the management of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Giuseppe Leo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S. Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Proietti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Shere-Wolfe KD, George N, Al Kibria GM, Silk R, Alexander CS. A Multimodal Ayurveda and Mind-Body Therapeutic Intervention for Chronic Symptoms Attributed to a Postinfectious Syndrome: A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:450-458. [PMID: 37844086 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Evaluate feasibility and impact of a multimodal integrative therapeutic intervention in patients presenting with chronic symptoms attributed to a postinfectious syndrome. Design: This was a prospective longitudinal single-center pilot study conducted from January 2019 to December 2020. Setting/Location: University of Maryland Lyme Program, Baltimore Maryland. Subjects: Persons presenting for Lyme evaluation for symptoms attributed to Lyme disease. Interventions: Participants attended two 1-h individual instructional sessions consisting of Ayurveda-based dietary intervention and breath-coordinated mind-body practice to be used for home practice. Outcome measures: Standard measures of impact were obtained at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months using the following validated survey instruments: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), PROMIS Global Health v1.2 (GH), and PROMIS 29 v2.0 survey. Results: From 216 patients presenting for Lyme evaluation, 19 participants enrolled with 84% completing the study (N = 16). Baseline PROMIS GH scores consisting of general Physical Health (GPH) and general Mental Health (GMH) scores were lower in the study population than in the general U.S. population. PROMIS 29 scores were higher for fatigue, anxiety, and pain than those in the general U.S. population. Over 12-month period, improvement in both the GPH and GMH was 6.09 (confidence interval [95% CI] = 2.71-9.46; p < 0.001) and 4.65 (95% CI = 1.50-7.80; p = 0.004), respectively. PROMIS 29 scores showed the greatest improvement in fatigue at -7.91 (95% CI = -12.34 to -3.48; p < 0.001), pain interference -5.08 (95% CI = -9.20 to -0.96; p = 0.016), and ability to participate in social roles and activities 7.48 (95% CI = 3.21-11.75; p = 0.001) and least with depression -1.82 (95% CI = -4.74 to 1.10; p = 0.223). Employment status had significant effects on almost all outcome scores. Postinfectious state was associated with improvement in anxiety and PSS scores. Conclusions: A multimodal Ayurvedic and breath-coordinated mind-body therapeutic intervention is feasible and a potential nonpharmacologic therapeutic option for persons presenting with pain, stress, fatigue, physical dysfunction, and sleep disturbance attributed to a postinfectious syndrome. Further research is needed to determine efficacy in this population and in other groups with similar symptom complexes due to postinfectious syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana D Shere-Wolfe
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nivya George
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gulam Muhammed Al Kibria
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Silk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carla S Alexander
- Clinical Care and Research Division, Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Gökbulut N, Cengizhan SÖ, Akça EI, Ceran E. The effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program and deep relaxation exercises on pregnancy-related anxiety levels: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract 2024:e13238. [PMID: 38279199 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to examine the effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program and deep relaxation exercises on pregnancy-related anxiety levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized parallel-group controlled trial was conducted with 95 pregnant women (MBSR: n = 32, deep relaxation exercises: n = 31, control: n = 32) between 1 August and 15 October 2022 with pregnant women who were registered at the pregnancy outpatient clinics of a hospital in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. CONSORT guidelines were followed in our study. The participants in the MBSR group were given an eight-session MBSR program, consisting of two sessions per week for 4 weeks, whereas the participants in the deep relaxation exercises group were asked to do exercises at home with deep relaxation videos four times a week for 4 weeks. The participants in the control group received only routine prenatal care. RESULTS The mean PRAQ-R2 Fear of Giving Birth subscale scores of the participants in the MBSR and deep relaxation exercises groups after the intervention were lower than that of the participants in the control group. Additionally, the mean total PRAQ-R2, PRAQ-R2 Worries about Bearing a Physically or Mentally Handicapped Child subscale and PRAQ-R2 Concern about One's Own Appearance subscale scores of the participants in the MBSR group were found to be significantly lower than the scores of those in the deep relaxation exercises and control groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The MBSR program is an effective method for reducing pregnancy-related anxiety levels. Additionally, deep relaxation exercises are alternative practices for reducing the fear of giving birth among pregnant women. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05447000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Gökbulut
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Sıdıka Özlem Cengizhan
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Emine Ibici Akça
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Ebru Ceran
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
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Kumari D, Patil J. Guided imagery for anxiety disorder: Therapeutic efficacy and changes in quality of life. Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:S191-S195. [PMID: 38370950 PMCID: PMC10871407 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_238_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with anxiety disorder were showing severity of anxiety symptoms as well as poor quality of life. Guided imagery (GI) provides immediate relaxation, and improves the severity of anxiety symptoms and the quality of life of patients with anxiety disorder. Anxiety is a basic emotion that is required as a motivation for everyday work of life. Anxiety presents a complex cognitive, affective, physiological, and behavioral response that is related to future harm (real or perceived). Aim To study the efficacy of GI intervention on patients with anxiety disorder and their quality of life. Materials and Methods This longitudinal, interventional study was done in a state institute of mental health, psychiatric unit on 20 patients (outpatients) with anxiety disorder, diagnosed according to diagnostic criteria of research ICD-10 DCR. Patients were assessed using a sociodemographic and clinical data sheet, Hamilton anxiety scale, and World Health Organization QOL instrument, short-form (WHOQOL-BREF), Hindi version. Results Patients with anxiety disorder in the experimental group improved as compared with the control group significantly. The mean QOL-BREF score was also improved after intervention in the intervention group. Conclusion GI intervention helps reduce the severity of anxiety symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with anxiety disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Kumari
- State Institute of Mental Health (SIMH), Pt. B. D. Sharma University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Jaideep Patil
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Scaini S, Medda E, Battaglia M, De Giuli G, Stazi MA, D'Ippolito C, Fagnani C. A Twin Study of the Relationships between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and Anxiety Phenotypes in Childhood and Adolescence. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:949-960. [PMID: 36786891 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Data on the etiological factors underlying the co-occurrence of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) with anxiety symptoms are very limited. The present study investigated the nature of latent shared etiological elements in 400 Italian twin pairs aged 8-18, explaining the covariation between CDS and anxiety symptoms. Preliminary analysis demonstrated significant correlations between Child Behaviour Checklist/6-18 Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale and two (Somatic Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety) out of five Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders anxiety subscales. Results from causal analysis seem to exclude the hypothesis that co-occurrence between CDS and Anxiety Symptoms could be due to a direct phenotypic effect of one trait upon the other. Model fitting-analysis indicated that the aforementioned associations were partially explained by shared genetic and environmental factors influencing a common liability factor. A latent variable capturing the covariation between CDS and anxiety problems can be considered as a unifying (patho)physiological mechanism/system common to these constructs. Our results support the adoption of a broader view of the relationships between CDS and anxiety phenotypes in childhood and adolescence for both clinicians and educators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Scaini
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University, Ripa Di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143, Milan, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Medda
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Battaglia
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gaia De Giuli
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University, Ripa Di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Stazi
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina D'Ippolito
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Fagnani
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Paul KI, Hollederer A. The Effectiveness of Health-Oriented Interventions and Health Promotion for Unemployed People-A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6028. [PMID: 37297632 PMCID: PMC10252930 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: Unemployment is known to have negative effects on mental and physical health. Yet, the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving the health of unemployed people is unclear. Methods: We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis of extant intervention studies with at least two measurement points and a control group. A literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO in December 2021 identified 34 eligible primary studies with 36 independent samples. Results: For mental health, the average meta-analytic effect sizes for the comparison of the intervention group and the control group were significant and of small size after the intervention, d = 0.22; 95% CI [0.08, 0.36], as well as at follow-up, d = 0.11; 95% CI [0.07, 0.16]. Effects on self-assessed physical health status were small and marginally significant (p = 0.10) after the intervention: d = 0.09; 95% CI [-0.02, 0.20], and insignificant at follow-up. However, when job search training was not part of the intervention program (i.e., all available resources were used solely for health promotion), the average effect size for physical health was significant after the intervention, d = 0.17; 95% CI [0.07, 0.27]. Furthermore, the effects of physical activity promotion were significant and of small-to-medium size after the intervention, leading to increased levels of activity, d = 0.30; 95% CI [0.13, 0.47]. Conclusions: Population-based health promotion programs are recommended because even measures with small effect sizes can actually improve the health of a large group of unemployed people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Ingmar Paul
- School of Business, Economics, and Society, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 90403 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Alfons Hollederer
- Department of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Kassel, 34127 Kassel, Germany
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Sriwatanathamma P, Sirivesmas V, Simatrang S, Bhowmik NH. Gamifying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques on Smartphones for Bangkok's Millennials With Depressive Symptoms: Interdisciplinary Game Development. JMIR Serious Games 2023; 11:e41638. [PMID: 37171845 PMCID: PMC10221505 DOI: 10.2196/41638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is serious concern over the annual increase in depressive symptoms among millennials in Bangkok, Thailand. Their daily routine revolves around the use of their smartphones for work and leisure. Although accessibility to mental health care is expanding, it cannot keep up with the demand for mental health treatment. Outside Thailand, multiple projects and studies have attempted to merge gamification mechanisms and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to create mobile health intervention apps and serious games with positive feedback. This presents an opportunity to explore the same approach in Thailand. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the development process of gamifying CBT techniques to support game mechanics in a visual narrative serious game, BlueLine. The primary target of this research is Bangkok's millennials. In the game, players play as Blue, a Bangkok millennial who struggles to live through societal norms that influence his digital life and relationships. Through in-game scenarios, players will learn and understand how to lessen the impact of depressive symptoms via gamified interactions on their smartphones. METHODS First, this paper follows each development step of solidifying BlueLine's game structure by integrating the Activating Events, Beliefs, Consequences, Disputation of Beliefs and Effective New Approaches (ABCDE) model and narrative in games. Second, the approach to select CBT and related therapeutic elements for gamification is based on suitability to the game structure. Throughout the process, CBT experts in Thailand have reviewed these scenarios. The approach forms the base of the player's interactions throughout the scenarios in BlueLine, broken down into 4 types of gamified mechanisms: narrative, verbal interactions, physical interactions, and social media interactions. RESULTS With the game structure based on the ABCDE model, BlueLine scenarios implement gamified mechanisms in conjunction with the following CBT and related therapeutic elements: behavioral activation, self-monitoring, interpersonal skills, positive psychology, relaxation and mindful activities, and problem-solving. In each scenario, players guide Blue to overcome his triggered dysfunctional beliefs. During this process, players can learn and understand how to lessen the impact of depressive symptoms through gamified interactions. CONCLUSIONS This paper presents the development process of gamifying CBT and related therapeutic techniques in BlueLine game scenarios. A scenario can harbor multiple techniques, including behavioral activation, self-monitoring, interpersonal skills, positive psychology, relaxation and mindful activities, and problem-solving. BlueLine's game structure does not limit the fact that the same combination of CBT elements ties each gamified mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poe Sriwatanathamma
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Design Arts (International Program), Faculty of Decorative Arts, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Veerawat Sirivesmas
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Design Arts (International Program), Faculty of Decorative Arts, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sone Simatrang
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Design Arts (International Program), Faculty of Decorative Arts, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Toqan D, Ayed A, Khalaf IA. Effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among nursing students prior to critical care clinical training. J Public Health Res 2023; 12:22799036231181668. [PMID: 37333031 PMCID: PMC10272653 DOI: 10.1177/22799036231181668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intensive care units are considered stressful and emotionally risky situations by both professionals and patients and their families. The purpose was to assess the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among nursing students in intensive care units prior to clinical training. Method A randomized, controlled study design was used. The study composed of 80 nursing students from Arab American University. For 2 weeks, the experimental group's 40 participants were taught progressive muscle relaxation exercises to help with anxiety control, whereas the control group's 40 participants received no training. Results The results revealed that the experimental group was capable of reducing the anxiety (p < 0.05). Also, the experimental group had les anxiety (1.15 ± SD = 0.43) compared with the control group (2.83 ± SD = 0.40). Conclusion The current study's findings confirmed the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise (PMRE) on anxiety reduction in intensive care units during clinical training among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Toqan
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Ayed
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Inaam A Khalaf
- School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Rio-Alamos C, Montefusco-Siegmund R, Cañete T, Sotomayor J, Fernandez-Teruel A. Acute Relaxation Response Induced by Tibetan Singing Bowl Sounds: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:317-330. [PMID: 36826208 PMCID: PMC9955072 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of anxiety has increased dramatically due to COVID-19, so effective preventive interventions are welcome. The main objective of our study was to compare the acute relaxation response (RR) induced by Tibetan singing bowl (TSB) sound-based treatment against progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and a control waiting list group (CWL) in a single treatment session in an adult nonclinical anxious population. In this cross-sectional randomized control trial, 50 participants selected based on high state anxiety were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups. Pre/post self-reported anxiety, electroencephalographic activity (EEG), and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded at baseline (T1), minute 15 (T2), minute 30 (T3), and minute 45 (T4). The TSB group showed significant reductions in alpha power (from T2 to T4) and increased HRV (from T3 to T4) compared with the PMR and CWL groups. Moreover, TSB and PMR both showed significant reductions in self-reported anxiety compared with CWL, with this effect being more evident in the TSB group. We concluded that a single session of TSB treatment was able to induce a more evident psychological/physiological relaxation response compared with PMR and CWL. TSB could be a relevant acute intervention in stressful situations or crisis intervention and while waiting for conventional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal Rio-Alamos
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodrigo Montefusco-Siegmund
- Human Cognitive Neurophysiology and Behavior Lab, Locomotor Apparatus and Rehabilitation Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Kinesiology, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios del Sistema Nervioso, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Toni Cañete
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sotomayor
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Alberto Fernandez-Teruel
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Institute of Neurosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Bard HA, O'Driscoll C, Miller CB, Henry AL, Cape J, Espie CA. Insomnia, depression, and anxiety symptoms interact and individually impact functioning: A network and relative importance analysis in the context of insomnia. Sleep Med 2023; 101:505-514. [PMID: 36527942 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Insomnia, depression, and anxiety show high rates of comorbidity and functional impairment. Transdiagnostic symptom interactions may be implicated in this comorbidity. This network analysis sought to assess how symptoms of insomnia, depression, and anxiety may interact and individually predict impairment across several domains for individuals with insomnia. METHODS Baseline psychometric data from a randomised controlled trial were analysed (N = 1711). A regularized partial correlation network was estimated from the symptom data. Centrality (symptom connectivity), community structure (symptom clustering), and bridging (inter-community connectivity) were assessed. The replicability of the network model was assessed via confirmatory analyses in a holdout sample. Separately, Shapley values were estimated to determine the relative importance of each symptom in predicting functioning (i.e., psychological wellbeing, psychosocial functioning, and physical health impairment). RESULTS The most connected nodes were uncontrollable worrying; trouble relaxing; and depressed mood/hopelessness. Five communities were identified with trouble relaxing identified as the bridge symptom between communities. The model showed good fit in the holdout sample. Low energy and depressive affect symptoms (feelings of failure/guilt; depressed mood/hopelessness; anhedonia) were key predictors in the relative importance analysis across multiple domains of impairment. CONCLUSION Trouble relaxing may be of clinical and transdiagnostic significance in the context of insomnia. In terms of how symptoms relate to functioning, it was clear that, while low energy and feelings of failure/guilt were prominent predictors, a range of symptoms are associated with functional impairment. Consideration of both symptoms and functional impairment across domains may be useful in determining targets for treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This is a secondary analysis of an original clinical trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN60530898. Registry URL: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN60530898.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ariel Bard
- Centre for Outcomes Research & Effectiveness (CORE), Research Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Ciarán O'Driscoll
- Centre for Outcomes Research & Effectiveness (CORE), Research Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
| | - Christopher B Miller
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Health Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA & London, UK
| | - Alasdair L Henry
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Health Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA & London, UK
| | - John Cape
- Centre for Outcomes Research & Effectiveness (CORE), Research Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Colin A Espie
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Health Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA & London, UK
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11
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Fang Y, Jing Q, Cao S, Sun X, Zhang H, Tian L, Li C. The Effect of Relaxation Therapy on Hypoxia During Intravenous Propofol Anesthesia in Patients With Pre-operative Anxiety: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:797337. [PMID: 35372439 PMCID: PMC8965251 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.797337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the effect of relaxation therapy on hypoxia during intravenous propofol anesthesia in patients with pre-operative anxiety. Methods Two-hundred and eighty patients were randomly categorized in the experimental group (relaxation therapy group) and control group. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (S-STAI) was administered 30 to 60 min pre-operatively to assess the patient's current anxiety status and select appropriate patients. Patients in the experimental group received pre-surgical relaxation therapy. Decrease in oxygen saturation during the procedure was recorded for each patient group, and the relevant data were compared between the two groups. Results The basic S-STAI scores of the experimental and control groups were 56.88 ± 2.91 and 57.27 ± 3.56, respectively (p = 0.331). The difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of hypoxia in the experimental group during painless artificial abortion [routine blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) <95%, duration >15 s] decreased from 30 to 12.3%. Conclusion Relaxation therapy may effectively reduce the incidence of hypoxia during painless artificial abortion by using less dose of propofol. It may help patients relieve their anxiety and improve perioperative safety. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000032109).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Practice, Zhangjiagang First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Silu Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Ucun Y, Küçük L. The efficacy of complementary and traditional practice on psychiatric patients with depression symptoms: A meta- analysis study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:744-757. [PMID: 33969496 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the effect sizes of the complementary and traditional practices on the depressive symptom levels in psychiatric patients DESIGN AND METHODS: The "Health Evidence™ Quality Assessment Tool" and "Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3" program was used. FINDINGS A total of 81 studies with 5934 patients were included. The effect size of the complementary and traditional methods applied to psychiatric patient on depressive symptoms was calculated as d = 0.718 (p = 0.000). According to Cohen, studies have moderate effect size. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Complementary and traditional practices were found to be significant and effective on depressive symptoms in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leyla Küçük
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Toqan D, Malak MZ, Ayed A, Fashafsheh I, Salameh B, Sarhan AL, Azizeh S, Batran A. Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Anxiety Among Male Nursing Students Undergoing Maternity Clinical Training. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221136644. [PMID: 36387046 PMCID: PMC9643757 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221136644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Student in a maternity nursing program must be engaged in practical training and they must be well prepared and directed along the way to becoming qualified professionals. Objective The study aimed to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on anxiety among male nursing students undergoing maternity clinical training. Methods A quasi-experimental, pre-post study was conducted on nursing at Arab American University Palestine. The sample of the study consisted of 48 male nursing students enrolled in the maternity nursing course. They were selected through convenience sampling. This study was conducted on one group of male nursing students that received Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation exercise for five consecutive days per week. The S-anxiety scale (STAI Form Y-1) was applied to collect data before and after the intervention. Results The magnitude of anxiety reduction after the progressive muscle relaxation exercise was greater than before (t (47) = 21.2, p < .05). Conclusion The current study's findings indicated the influence of progressive muscle relaxation on maternity clinical setting anxiety reduction among male nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Toqan
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Malakeh Z. Malak
- Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of
Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Ayed
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Imad Fashafsheh
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Basma Salameh
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Adnan Lutfi Sarhan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical
Sciences, Public Health Division, An-Najah National
University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Saed Azizeh
- Higher College of
Technology, Health Science Program, Fujairah, Abu Dhabi, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Ahmad Batran
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Palestine Ahliya University, Bethlehem, West Bank, Palestine
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14
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Celia G, Cavicchiolo E, Girelli L, Limone P, Cozzolino M. Effect of online counselling on emotional outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An innovative group intervention for university students using the Brain Wave Modulation Technique. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2021; 22:889-901. [PMID: 35465356 PMCID: PMC9015604 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Young people's mental health problems are a matter of concern during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Counselling services for university students by means of telemental support can help them to deal with psychological issues that they may be facing due to the pandemic. The present study investigated the effects of four once‐weekly online counselling sessions based on a mind‐body technique (the Brain Wave Modulation Technique; BWM‐T) on enhancing positive affect and on reducing negative affect and anxiety in a sample of 54 university students (96.3% females; Mage = 21.31 years, SD = 2.09). An experimental design was conducted: the participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group, which received 15 min of a guided online BWM‐T session, or to the control group, which watched a 15‐min video on how to sustain their psychological well‐being. The results of a two‐factor mixed‐design analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the participants in the intervention group reported a significant increase in positive affect and a decrease in negative affect over time compared to those in the control group. They also reported a slight decrease in state anxiety compared to the control group, although this was just short of statistical significance. The information provided by this study, regarding emotional outcomes among university students after four brief online counselling sessions, suggests that such interventions could be an effective and sustainable way to reinforce young people's mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic, as well as later in their university careers and adult lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Celia
- Department of Economics, Management and Territory University of Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Elisa Cavicchiolo
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
| | - Laura Girelli
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Limone
- Department of Humanities, Literature and Cultural Heritage University of Foggia Foggia Italy
| | - Mauro Cozzolino
- Department of Human, Philosophical and Educational Sciences University of Salerno Fisciano Italy
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15
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Beukes EW, Andersson G, Fagelson MA, Manchaiah V. Dismantling internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus. The contribution of applied relaxation: A randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2021; 25:100402. [PMID: 34040997 PMCID: PMC8141772 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2021.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for tinnitus is an evidence-based intervention. The components of ICBT for tinnitus have, however, not been dismantled and thus the effectiveness of the different therapeutic components is unknown. It is, furthermore, not known if heterogeneous tinnitus subgroups respond differently to ICBT. AIMS This dismantling study aimed to explore the contribution of applied relaxation within ICBT for reducing tinnitus distress and comorbidities associated with tinnitus. A secondary aim was to assess whether outcomes varied for three tinnitus subgroups, namely those with significant tinnitus severity, those with low tinnitus severity, and those with significant depression. METHODS A parallel randomized controlled trial design (n = 126) was used to compare audiologist-guided applied relaxation with the full ICBT intervention. Recruitment was online and via the intervention platform. Assessments were completed at four-time points including a 2-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was tinnitus severity as measured by the Tinnitus Functional Index. Secondary outcomes were included for anxiety, depression, insomnia, negative tinnitus cognitions, health-related quality of life, hearing disability, and hyperacusis. Treatment engagement variables including the number of logins, number of modules opened, and the number of messages sent. Both an intention-to-treat analysis and completer's only analysis were undertaken. RESULTS Engagement was low which compromised results as the full intervention was undertaken by few participants. Both the ICBT and applied relaxation resulted in large reduction of tinnitus severity (within-group effect sizes d = 0.87 and 0.68, respectively for completers only analysis), which were maintained, or further improved at follow-up. These reductions in tinnitus distress were greater for the ICBT group, with a small effect size differences (between-group d = 0.15 in favor of ICBT for completers only analysis). Tinnitus distress decreased the most at post-intervention for those with significant depression at baseline. Both ICBT and applied relaxation contributed to significant reductions on most secondary outcome measures, with no group differences, except for a greater reduction of hyperacusis in the ICBT group. CONCLUSION Due to poor compliance partly attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic results were compromised. Further studies employing strategies to improve compliance and engagement are required. The intervention's effectiveness increased with initial level of tinnitus distress; those with the highest scores at intake experienced the most substantial changes on the outcome measures. This may suggest tailoring of interventions according to tinnitus severity. Larger samples are needed to confirm this.
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Key Words
- Applied relaxation
- CBT, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- CONSORT, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials
- Cognitive behavioral therapy
- Digital therapeutics
- GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- HHIA-S, Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults - Screening
- ICBT, Internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention
- ISI, Insomnia Severity Index
- Internet intervention
- PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire
- RCI, Reliable Change Index
- TFI, Tinnitus Functional Index
- Telehealth
- Tinnitus
- US, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldré W. Beukes
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Group, School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc A. Fagelson
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
- Audiological Rehabilitation Laboratory, Auditory Vestibular Research Enhancement Award Program, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mountain Home, TN, USA
| | - Vinaya Manchaiah
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA
- Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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16
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Kim HJ, Kim JE, Lee SH. Pathological Worry is Related to Poor Long-Term Pharmacological Treatment Response in Patients With Panic Disorder. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:904-912. [PMID: 34500504 PMCID: PMC8473858 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several predictors of unfavorable pharmacological treatment response (PTR) in panic disorder (PD) patients have been suggested, such as the duration of the illness, presence of agoraphobia, depression, being a woman, and early trauma. This study aimed to examine whether pathological worry is associated with PTR in PD patients. METHODS This study included 335 PD patients and 418 healthy controls (HCs). The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), and Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory-Revised (ASI-R) were administered. We measured the PTR at 8 weeks and 6 months. Student t-test, chisquare tests, Pearson's correlation analyses, and binary logistic regression model were used. RESULTS Our results showed that the total scores of the PSWQ correlated with the ETISR-SF, BDI, and ASI-R were significantly higher in patients with PD compared with HCs. The PSWQ and BDI could predict unfavorable PTR at 6 months in PD patients. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate that pathological worry may contribute to poor long-term PTR in PD patients. Therefore, our research suggests that clinicians must be aware of worry to optimize PTR for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Graduate School of Social Welfare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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17
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Somani N, Beukes E, Latham K, Andersson G, Allen PM. Designing an internet-based intervention for improving wellbeing in people with acquired vision loss: A Delphi consensus study. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2021; 41:971-984. [PMID: 34392552 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vision impairment (VI) may impact a person's functional ability resulting in a loss of independence, anxiety, depression, social isolation and reduced quality of life. Caregivers also experience similar problems due to the increased burden placed on them. Support to address these difficulties encountered by those with VI and their caregivers may not always be accessible. An internet-based intervention may provide more accessible support. The aim of this study was to obtain consensus regarding the content and accessibility features required to design an internet-based intervention to promote wellbeing for people with VI and their caregivers. METHOD A three-round Delphi review was conducted with a panel of 30 stakeholders. Three stakeholder groups were included, namely individuals with vision loss, experts in the field of vision loss and mental health and carers of individuals with vision loss. Conceptual wellbeing ideas were examined in round 1, the intervention modules and module content were proposed in round 2 and refined in round 3. RESULTS Consensus of 75% or more was reached to include 18 modules into the intervention. These were divided into seven sections: understanding vision loss, emotional wellbeing, functional wellbeing, social wellbeing, physical wellbeing, wellbeing for carers and maintaining wellbeing. The accessibility features deemed most important were font size, colour and contrast options, compatibility with low vision aids and layout of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The Delphi process positively informed the design of an internet-based intervention for individuals with acquired VI and their caregivers. Suggestions provided by stakeholders should now be incorporated into the intervention. Future evaluation of efficacy and cost-effectiveness of such an intervention are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbanu Somani
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eldre Beukes
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Keziah Latham
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter M Allen
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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18
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Comparing the effects of self-selected MUsic versus predetermined music on patient ANXiety prior to gynaecological surgery: the MUANX randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:535. [PMID: 34389022 PMCID: PMC8362289 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is frequently observed in the preoperative setting. The negative impact of preoperative anxiety is well known. In the context of gynaecological surgery, anxiety is exacerbated by the fact that the intervention can have catastrophic repercussions on a woman's body image, sexuality, and psycho-affective well-being. Music listening is increasingly used as an alternative therapy for minimizing preoperative anxiety. Personal preferences, familiarity, and popularity may be key elements for an optimal relaxation response to music. This study aimed to determine whether listening to self-selected music decreases preoperative anxiety in women scheduled to undergo gynaecologic surgery compared with predetermined music from an application (MUSIC CARE®). METHODS The MUANX study was a single-blind, monocentric, parallel, superiority, randomized controlled trial. A total of 174 women were included and randomized in two groups between August 2017 and September 2018. Patients in the intervention group listened to the personal music playlist that they had created before being hospitalized. Patients in the control group listened to the predetermined playlist on the MUSIC CARE® application. All patients received standard nursing care and listened to 20 min of music 1 h before surgery. Anxiety scores were assessed before and after the music session using Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). RESULTS The mean age of the 171 evaluated patients was 41.5 years (SD = 10.0 years). Before the music session, the STAI state anxiety score was similar in the control group (M = 38.8, SD = 11.9) and the intervention group (M = 39.0, SD = 13.1). After the music session, this score had significantly decreased in both the control group (M = -7.2, SD = 9.0) and the intervention group (M = -5.5, SD = 6.6), with no significant difference in score reduction between groups. Physiological parameters were unchanged after the music session. No significant differences in postoperative measurements (pain intensity, hospitalization duration) were observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION Self-selected music is as effective as predetermined music for reducing patient anxiety before gynaecological surgery. As it has no side effects and is easily applicable in gynaecological surgical services, this non-drug intervention may be proposed by healthcare professionals in the management of preoperative anxiety. TRIAL REGISTRATION The MUANX trial (MUsic therapy on ANXiety) is registered at the US National Institutes of Health ( ClinicalTrials.gov ) #NCT03226834. Registered on 24 July 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03226834?term=muanx&draw=2&rank=1.
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19
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Norell-Clarke A, Hagström M, Jansson-Fröjmark M. Sleep-Related Cognitive Processes and the Incidence of Insomnia Over Time: Does Anxiety and Depression Impact the Relationship? Front Psychol 2021; 12:677538. [PMID: 34234716 PMCID: PMC8255681 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.677538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: According to the Cognitive Model of Insomnia, engaging in sleep-related cognitive processes may lead to sleep problems over time. The aim was to examine associations between five sleep-related cognitive processes and the incidence of insomnia, and to investigate if baseline anxiety and depression influence the associations. Methods: Two thousand three hundred and thirty-three participants completed surveys on nighttime and daytime symptoms, depression, anxiety, and cognitive processes at baseline and 6 months after the first assessment. Only those without insomnia at baseline were studied. Participants were categorized as having or not having incident insomnia at the next time point. Baseline anxiety and depression were tested as moderators. Results: Three cognitive processes predicted incident insomnia later on. Specifically, more safety behaviors and somatic arousal at Time 1 increased the risk of developing insomnia. When investigating changes in the cognitive processes over time, reporting an increase of worry and safety behaviors also predicted incident insomnia. Depressive symptoms moderated the association between changes in worry and incident insomnia. Conclusion: These findings provide partial support for the hypothesis that cognitive processes are associated with incident insomnia. In particular, safety behaviors, somatic arousal, and worry increase the risk for incident insomnia. Preventative interventions and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Norell-Clarke
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | | | - Markus Jansson-Fröjmark
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, The Centre for Psychotherapy, Education & Research, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2021; 19:217-218. [PMID: 34690587 PMCID: PMC8475919 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.19201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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21
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Bandealy SS, Sheth NC, Matuella SK, Chaikind JR, Oliva IA, Philip SR, Jones PM, Hoge EA. Mind-Body Interventions for Anxiety Disorders: A Review of the Evidence Base for Mental Health Practitioners. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2021; 19:173-183. [PMID: 34690580 PMCID: PMC8475909 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20200042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mind-body interventions have gained increasing popularity for use with anxiety symptoms; however, it is unclear what role they play in the treatment of anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. Although psychopharmacology and psychotherapy treatment interventions are available, mind-body interventions may be low-stigma options that can serve as effective alternatives. The goal of this review is to provide clinicians with an overview of high-quality studies for the most well researched mind-body interventions. This review involved a search of the primary literature, including meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), that evaluated mind-body interventions for the treatment of anxiety disorders. When published evidence was limited, lower-quality studies were reviewed. Overall, data were limited on the efficacy of most mind-body modalities for anxiety disorders. The highest-quality data existed for yoga, mindfulness-based interventions, and applied relaxation for anxiety disorders. However, findings were sometimes inconsistent across studies, and some studies were limited by small sample sizes, poorly defined randomization and blinding procedures, and inadequate control groups. Although not enough data exist to recommend mind-body interventions as primary treatment options, they may be considered as part of a larger treatment plan given their relatively low levels of risk. Future steps for researchers include conducting additional RCTs with adequate control groups, comparing mind-body treatments with existing treatments, and examining long-term effects of mind-body interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheja S Bandealy
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Nima C Sheth
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Samantha K Matuella
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Jeremy R Chaikind
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Isabelle A Oliva
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Samantha R Philip
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Paul M Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
| | - Elizabeth A Hoge
- Department of Psychiatry, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C
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22
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Constantin KL, Powell DM, McCarthy JM. Expanding conceptual understanding of interview anxiety and performance: Integrating cognitive, behavioral, and physiological features. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijsa.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julie M. McCarthy
- Department of Management University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto ON Canada
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23
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Wang J, Song B, Shao Y, Zhu J. Effect of Online Psychological Intervention on Burnout in Medical Residents From Different Majors: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:632134. [PMID: 34025506 PMCID: PMC8138301 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.632134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Work-related stress among healthcare professionals poses a serious economic and healthcare burden. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of burnout as well as anxiety, depression, and stress in medical residents from different majors, and assess the effects of an online psychological intervention on the mental health status of medical residents with a high degree of burnout. Methods: We conducted an online survey that collected information on the demographics, mental health, and burnout conditions of medical residents from Shengjing Hospital. The mental health condition was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS)-21. Further, burnout was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Medical residents with a total MBI score between 50 and 75 were selected to receive online psychological intervention for 3 months. Results: Two-hundred and ten medical residents completed the questionnaire, of whom, 63 residents with an MBI score between 50 and 75 received the 3-month online psychological intervention. Anesthesia residents showed the highest level of depression, anxiety, and stress, and presented with a lower sense of personal accomplishment, higher emotional exhaustion, and higher depersonalization. Furthermore, pediatric residents had the second highest DASS and MBI scores following anesthesia residents. Following the online psychological intervention, negative emotional states and burnout levels were significantly lower among anesthesia and pediatric residents. There were no differences in the level of stress and sense of personal accomplishment pre- and post-online psychological intervention among the different majors. Conclusion: Our findings revealed high levels of burnout, as well as depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in medical residents, with marked differences among different majors. The online psychological intervention effectively improved emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization, and relieved the psychological problems such as anxiety and depression in medical residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bijia Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junchao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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24
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Liang D, Chen S, Zhang W, Xu K, Li Y, Li D, Cheng H, Xiao J, Wan L, Liu C. Investigation of a Progressive Relaxation Training Intervention on Precompetition Anxiety and Sports Performance Among Collegiate Student Athletes. Front Psychol 2021; 11:617541. [PMID: 33815182 PMCID: PMC8009973 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.617541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate whether simple and convenient progressive relaxation training (PRT) is effective in enhancing collegiate student athletes' mental health and sports performance. An experimental group of 14 (6 female) and a control group of 10 (5 female) collegiate student athletes were recruited from among track and field athletes who were preparing for provincial competition. The experimental group was exposed to a PRT intervention in 30-min sessions conducted twice per week for a duration of one month. At baseline, the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC) were completed, while only the CSAI-2 was reassessed at one, two, and three weeks after initiation of the intervention. Additionally, within half a day after completing all one's individual competition events, the CSAI-2 was again assessed in the two groups recalling their memory of their precompetition state anxiety. Then, the differences in the three dimensions of the CSAI-2 between the two groups at the five time points introduced above were compared. This study also explored whether PRT affected sports performance, defined by the athletes reaching their best records or not, by logistic regressive analysis. This study found significant between-group differences in the self-confidence dimension score at the second and third time points. Through logistic regression analysis, a positive effect of PRT was found for the enhancement of sports performance. In sum, PRT showed positive effects on precompetition state self-confidence and enhanced sports performance among collegiate student athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Liang
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- National Sports Science Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqing Chen
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Xu
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghao Li
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiying Cheng
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Xiao
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wan
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- National Sports Science Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Ha JY, Ban SH. Effects of Mind-Body Programs on Infertile Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2021; 15:77-88. [PMID: 33607300 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was to systematically review randomized controlled trials and conduct a meta analysis. The results of randomized controlled trials were integrated and analyzed to assess the effects of mind-body programs on anxiety, depression, quality of life, and pregnancy rate in infertile women. METHODS Using electronic databases (i.e., Research Information Sharing Service, Korean Studies Information Service System, Korean Medical Database, National Digital Science Library, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycARTICLES), 10 of 2,259 studies were included for meta-analysis. To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis of the studies was performed using RevMan 5.3. RESULTS The mind-body program was effective in relieving anxiety [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -3.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -5.94, -0.95; p = .007; I2 = 69%] and depression (SMD = -5.79; 95% CI = -10.36, -1.22; p = .010; I2 = 86%). Furthermore, it was effective in enhancing the quality of life (SMD = 7.40; 95% CI = 2.92, 11.88; p = .001; I2 = 53%) and pregnancy rate (SMD = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.08, 3.95; p = .030; I2 = 73%). The mind-body program was found to relieve anxiety and depression in infertile women and improve their quality of life, thereby positively affecting the pregnancy rate. CONCLUSION The mind-body program was found to relieve anxiety and depression in infertile women and improve their quality of life, thereby positively affecting the pregnancy rate. The mind-body program needs to be considered to a wider audience for positive effects on emotions and pregnancy outcomes of infertile women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Ha
- College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Ban
- College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Mansell W, Urmson R, Mansell L. The 4Ds of Dealing With Distress - Distract, Dilute, Develop, and Discover: An Ultra-Brief Intervention for Occupational and Academic Stress. Front Psychol 2021; 11:611156. [PMID: 33391129 PMCID: PMC7772151 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.611156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 crisis has clarified the demand for an ultra-brief single-session, online, theory-led, empirically supported, psychological intervention for managing stress and improving well-being, especially for people within organizational settings. We designed and delivered "4Ds for Dealing with Distress" during the crisis to address this need. 4Ds unifies a spectrum of familiar emotion regulation strategies, resilience exercises, and problem-solving approaches using perceptual control theory and distils them into a simple four-component rubric (Distract-Dilute-Develop-Discover). In essence, the aim is to reduce distress and restore wellbeing, both in the present moment through current actions (distract or dilute), and through expressing longer-term goal conflicts (e.g., through talking, writing, and drawing) to discover new perspectives that arise spontaneously after sufficient time and consideration. The intervention is user-led in that it draws on users' own idiosyncratic and pre-existing experiences, knowledge, skills and resources to help them apply an approach, or combination of approaches, that are proportionate and timed to the nature and context of the stress they are experiencing. In this article we review the empirical basis of the approach within experimental, social, biological and clinical psychology, illustrate the novel and time-efficient delivery format, describe its relevance to sports and exercise, summarise feedback from the recipients of the intervention to date, and describe the directions for future evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren Mansell
- CeNTrUM (Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Urmson
- CeNTrUM (Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health), Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Riches S, Azevedo L, Bird L, Pisani S, Valmaggia L. Virtual reality relaxation for the general population: a systematic review. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:1707-1727. [PMID: 34120220 PMCID: PMC8197783 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Relaxation has significant restorative properties and implications for public health. However, modern, busy lives leave limiting time for relaxation. Virtual reality (VR) experiences of pleasant and calming virtual environments, accessed with a head-mounted display (HMD), appear to promote relaxation. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of studies that use VR to promote relaxation in the general population (PROSPERO 195,804). METHODS Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase, and MEDLINE were searched until 29th June 2020. Studies were included in the review if they used HMD technology to present virtual environments that aimed to promote or measure relaxation, or relaxation-related variables. The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool was used to assess methodological quality of studies. RESULTS 6403 articles were identified through database searching. Nineteen studies published between 2007 and 2020, with 1278 participants, were included in the review. Of these, thirteen were controlled studies. Studies predominantly used natural audio-visual stimuli to promote relaxation. Findings indicate feasibility, acceptability, and short-term effectiveness of VR to increase relaxation and reduce stress. Six studies received an EPHPP rating of 'strong', seven were 'moderate', and six were 'weak'. CONCLUSIONS VR may be a useful tool to promote relaxation in the general population, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, when stress is increasing worldwide. However, methodological limitations, such as limited randomised controlled trials and longer-term evidence, mean that these conclusions should be drawn with caution. More robust studies are needed to support this promising area of VR relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Riches
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, BR3 3BX, Kent, UK.
| | - Lisa Azevedo
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, BR3 3BX, Kent, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Leanne Bird
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sara Pisani
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Lucia Valmaggia
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, BR3 3BX, Kent, UK
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Li M, Wang L, Jiang M, Wu D, Tian T, Huang W. Relaxation techniques for depressive disorders in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020; 24:219-226. [PMID: 32425133 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2020.1764587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify, evaluate, and synthesise existing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of relaxation techniques in the treatment of patients with depressive disorders.Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines.Results: Nine studies were finally included in this meta-analysis. It was found that relaxation techniques might effectively reduce depressive symptoms among adults with depression (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.42, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.11, p = 0.008).Conclusions: Relaxation techniques are cost-effective, safe, and low-risk techniques that can be easily taught and used. Consequently, they have several benefits if practised regularly daily for more than an 8-week period.KEY POINTS/HIGHLIGHTSThe implication of this study for practice is that these relaxation techniques, cost-effective, safe, and low-risk techniques that can be easily taught and used.Consequently, practitioners will access benefits if practised regularly daily for more than an 8-week period.The relaxation technique is not complex, does not need any special device or place, does not need any change in lifestyle and is easily learned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Invasive Technology Nursing Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Pediatric Clinic, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meina Jiang
- Invasive Technology Nursing Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Wu
- Invasive Technology Nursing Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Reproductive and Antenatal Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixin Huang
- Geriatric Nursing Platform, Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China
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Abstract
We conducted this updated meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of relaxation therapy for depression. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of relaxation therapy in patients with depression. Finally, 14 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The efficacy of the intervention was evaluated using depression scale scores. We found that there was no significant difference between the effects of relaxation therapy and psychotherapy on decreasing self-rated depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.11 to 0.48). In addition, eight trials compared relaxation therapy with no treatment, waiting list, or minimal treatment and showed that the relaxation group reported lower levels of self-reported depression scores postintervention (SMD = -0.57; 95% CI, -0.98 to -0.15). Therefore, this meta-analysis showed that relaxation might reduce depressive symptoms, and the effect is not worse than that of psychotherapy.
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Trkulja V, Barić H. Current Research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: An Evidence-Based Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1191:415-449. [PMID: 32002940 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9705-0_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) encompasses a wide range of different nonmainstream therapies that have been increasingly used for treatment or adjunctive treatment of various ailments with anxiety/anxiety disorders being one of the commonly CAM (self)-medicated conditions. Thousands of published papers refer to use of CAM in various psychiatric disorders or in healthy or medically ill patients with mood or anxiety difficulties. In this chapter we focus specifically on clinically diagnosed (in line with the standard criteria) anxiety disorders and overview evidence of efficacy/safety of a range of CAM modalities: biologically based therapies (typically herbal preparations and less so nutraceuticals); manipulative and body-based therapies (acupuncture, aerobic exercise, massage, therapeutic touch, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, balneotherapy, and others); mind-body therapies (yoga, Morita therapy, Tai Chi, reiki, Chinese cognitive therapy, religious and spiritual interventions, relaxation, mediation, and mindfulness-based interventions); and alternative medical systems (Ayurveda, homeopathy). We focus exclusively on randomized controlled trials and attempt to evaluate the existing body of evidence in the same manner that is applied to mainstream treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Trkulja
- Department of Pharmacology, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Barić
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ma RC, Yin YY, Wang YQ, Liu X, Xie J. Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 38:101071. [PMID: 31743870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and purpose: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has gained increasing attention for the treatment of psychological disorders. This study aims to establish the effectiveness of CBT on psychological and physical outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Two waves of electronic searches of the PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were conducted. Statistical analyses were performed using Revman Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS Sixteen randomized controlled trials were eligible. There were significant improvements in anxiety (SMD = -0.23; 95% CI: -0.42 to -0.04; P = 0.02), depression (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.40 to -0.19, P < 0.01), quality of life (MD = -5.21; 95% CI: -10.25 to -0.17; P = 0.04), and mean visits to emergency departments in the CBT groups. No statistically significant differences were observed in fatigue (SMD = 0.88, 95% CI: -0.58 to 2.35, P = 0.24), exercise capacity (MD = 28.75, 95% CI: -28.30 to 85.80, P = 0.32), self-efficacy (SMD = 0.15, 95% CI: -0.05 to 0.34, P = 0.14), or sleep quality (MD = 1.21, 95% CI: -0.65 to 3.06, P = 0.20). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that CBT can serve as a complementary therapy to improve anxiety, depression, and quality of life in COPD patients and deserves more widespread application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chen Ma
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Yin
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Ya-Qing Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China
| | - Jiao Xie
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
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Christie GI, Shepherd M, Merry SN, Hopkins S, Knightly S, Stasiak K. Gamifying CBT to deliver emotional health treatment to young people on smartphones. Internet Interv 2019; 18:100286. [PMID: 31890633 PMCID: PMC6926322 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2019.100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
mHealth interventions promise the economic delivery of evidence-based mental health treatments like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to populations that struggle to access health services, such as adolescents and in New Zealand, Māori and Pasifika youth. Unfortunately engagement with digital therapies is poor; modularisation and gamification have potential to increase their appeal. Gamifying CBT involves selecting suitable interventions, adapting them to a digital format while applying gamification principles. We describe the design and development of Quest - Te Whitianga, an app that encourages the user to learn CBT skills via a series of activities and games. A variety of approaches including consultation with clinicians, reference to best-practice literature, focus groups and interactive workshops with youth were used to inform the co-design process. Clinicians worked iteratively with experienced game designers to co-create a youth CBT digital intervention. The Quest modular app is set on an ocean and the user travels between islands to learn six evidence-based skills. These include a relaxation/mindfulness activity, activity planning, a gratitude journal plus problem solving and communication skills training. We describe the theoretical and design aspects of each module detailing the gamified features that aim to increase user engagement. In the near future we will be testing the app and the principles discussed in this paper via a randomised-controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant I. Christie
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand,Corresponding author.
| | - Matthew Shepherd
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally N. Merry
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hopkins
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Karolina Stasiak
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical & Health Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Ekawati E, Setyowati S, Budiati T. “Sehati” health education to improve physical and psychological adaptation of the postpartum women having pre-eclampsia. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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