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Andersen ABA, Lehel S, Grove EK, Langkjaer N, Fuglø D, Huynh THV. Multicenter Experience with Good Manufacturing Practice Production of [ 11C]PiB for Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:217. [PMID: 38399432 PMCID: PMC10892710 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with increasing global prevalence and accounts for over half of all dementia cases. Early diagnosis is paramount for not only the management of the disease, but also for the development of new AD treatments. The current golden standard for diagnosis is performed by positron emission tomography (PET) scans with the tracer [11C]Pittsburg Compound B ([11C]PiB), which targets amyloid beta protein (Aβ) that builds up as plaques in the brain of AD patients. The increasing demand for AD diagnostics is in turn expected to drive an increase in [11C]PiB-PET scans and the setup of new [11C]PiB production lines at PET centers globally. Here, we present the [11C]PiB production setups, experiences, and use from four Danish PET facilities and discuss the challenges and potential pitfalls of [11C]PiB production. We report on the [11C]PiB production performed with the 6-OH-BTA-0 precursor dissolved in either dry acetone or 2-butanone and by using either [11C]CO2 or [11C]CH4 as 11C- precursors on three different commercial synthesis modules: TracerLab FX C Pro, ScanSys, or TracerMaker. It was found that the [11C]CO2 method gives the highest radioactive yield (1.5 to 3.2 GBq vs. 0.8 ± 0.3 GBq), while the highest molar activity (98.0 ± 61.4 GBq/μmol vs. 21.2 to 95.6 GBq/μmol) was achieved using [11C]CH4. [11C]PiB production with [11C]CO2 on a TracerLab FX C Pro offered the most desirable results, with the highest yield of 3.17 ± 1.20 GBq and good molar activity of 95.6 ± 44.2 GBq/μmol. Moreover, all reported methods produced [11C]PiB in quantities suitable for clinical applications, thus providing a foundation for other PET facilities seeking to establish their own [11C]PiB production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Bruhn Arndal Andersen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (A.B.A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Szabolcs Lehel
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Ebbe Klit Grove
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Niels Langkjaer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Dan Fuglø
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (A.B.A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Tri Hien Viet Huynh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark; (A.B.A.A.); (D.F.)
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Pijeira MSO, Nunes PSG, Chaviano SL, Diaz AMA, DaSilva JN, Ricci-Junior E, Alencar LMR, Chen X, Santos-Oliveira R. Medicinal (Radio) Chemistry: Building Radiopharmaceuticals for the Future. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:5481-5534. [PMID: 37594105 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230818092634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Radiopharmaceuticals are increasingly playing a leading role in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating disease. In comparison with conventional pharmaceuticals, the development of radiopharmaceuticals does follow the principles of medicinal chemistry in the context of imaging-altered physiological processes. The design of a novel radiopharmaceutical has several steps similar to conventional drug discovery and some particularity. In the present work, we revisited the insights of medicinal chemistry in the current radiopharmaceutical development giving examples in oncology, neurology, and cardiology. In this regard, we overviewed the literature on radiopharmaceutical development to study overexpressed targets such as prostate-specific membrane antigen and fibroblast activation protein in cancer; β-amyloid plaques and tau protein in brain disorders; and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in cardiac disease. The work addresses concepts in the field of radiopharmacy with a special focus on the potential use of radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear imaging and theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Sahylí Ortega Pijeira
- Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves Nunes
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas SP13083-970, Brazil
| | - Samila Leon Chaviano
- Laboratoire de Biomatériaux pour l'Imagerie Médicale, Axe Médicine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Aida M Abreu Diaz
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institute de Génie Biomédical, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean N DaSilva
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institute de Génie Biomédical, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eduardo Ricci-Junior
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Magalhães Rebelo Alencar
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, São Luís MA65080-805, Brazil
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro 21941906, Brazil
- Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 23070200, Brazil
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Myburgh PJ, Moore MD, Pathirannahel BL, Grace LR, Solingapuram Sai KK. Fully automated production of [ 11C]PiB for clinical use on Trasis-AllinOne synthesizer module. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 202:111040. [PMID: 37788544 PMCID: PMC10727203 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Pittsburgh compound B ([11C]PiB) was the first broadly applied radiotracer with specificity for amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide aggregates in the brain and has since been established as the gold standard for positron emission tomography (PET) employed for clinical in vivo imaging of Aβ plaques, used for imaging applications of Alzheimer's disease (AD), related dementia, and other tauopathies. The use of [11C]PiB for routine PET studies is dependent on the production capabilities of each radiochemistry laboratory, subsequently a continuous effort is made to develop suitable and sustainable methods on a variety of auto synthesis platforms. Here we report a fully automated, multi-step radio synthesis, purification, and reformulation of [11C]PiB for PET imaging using the Trasis AllinOne synthesis unit, a commonly used commercial radiochemistry module. We performed three validation runs to evaluate the reproducibility and to verify that the acceptable criteria were met for the release of clinical-grade [11C]PiB using a Trasis AllinOne auto radiosynthesis unit. Solid phase supported radiolabeling was performed through the capture of precursor (6-OH-BTA-0) on a C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and subsequent flushing of gaseous [11C]Methyl triflate(MeOTf) through the Sep-Pak for carbon-11 (11C) N-methylation. Starting with 92.5 GBq [11C]CO2, [11C]PiB synthesis was completed in approximately 25 min after cyclotron end of bombardment with an injectable dose >7.0 GBq at end of the synthesis. The radiopharmaceutical product met all quality control criteria and specifications for use in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Josef Myburgh
- Translational Imaging Program, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Michael David Moore
- Translational Imaging Program, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | | | - Laura Rose Grace
- Translational Imaging Program, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai
- Translational Imaging Program, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Radiology, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Jewett EM, Någren K, Mock BH, Watkins GL. 30 years of [ 11C]methyl triflate. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 197:110812. [PMID: 37087867 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Some scientific discoveries are well known only to a core group of researchers working on technical subjects. Nevertheless, they open new research directions, allow existing knowledge to be viewed in entirely new and useful ways, or provide a way to make something that was hard or impossible to make before. Carbon-11 methyl triflate ([11C]MeOTf) is one such advance, facilitating the synthesis of many carbon-11 radio tracers and broadening the range of applications of carbon-11 radiochemistry. The year 2022 marked the 30th anniversary of the original paper in Applied Radiation and Isotopes introducing a simple synthesis of [11C]MeOTf from carbon-11 methyl iodide ([11C]MeI) and it also marked the end of the fruitful career and life of the researcher who developed it, Douglas Jewett. It seems fitting to say a few words on how it came to be and how it has helped advance carbon-11 radiochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kjell Någren
- Östre Stationsvej, 36 1TH, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bruce H Mock
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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He Y, Zhu X, Wang K, Xie J, Zhu Z, Ni M, Wang S, Xie Q. Design, synthesis, and preliminary evaluation of [ 18F]-aryl flurosulfates PET radiotracers via SuFEx methods for β-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 75:117087. [PMID: 36356533 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
[18F]BAY-94-9172, [18F]AV-45, and [18F]GE-067 were FDA approved positron emission tomography (PET) imaging radiotracer of β-amyloid plaques (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the radiochemical synthesis requires multi-step reactions and complex procedure. Recently, a protocol for radiochemical synthesis of sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) using ultrafast 19F/18F isotopic exchange had been reported. We developed three pairs of novel 18F-labeled radiotracers by the "SuFEx" method for PET imaging Aβ plaques. The 18F labeling reaction can be completed quickly (30 s) at room temperature and purified using solid-phase extraction (SPE). The radiochemical purity (RCP) of the products was all greater than 95 %. In vitro fluorescent staining using Aβ-transgenesis mice section preliminary verified the affinity of tracers with Aβ. Competitive binding assay displayed high affinity of tracers for towards artificial Aβ1-42 aggregates (Ki values ranging from 3.53 ± 0.39 to 42.0 ± 4.24 nM). In vivo biodistribution and Micro-PET imaging showed that [18F]-Sulfur Fluoride β-Amyloid ([18F]SFA 1-6) could penetration the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in wild-type mice, and [18F]SFA 5-6 had a high initial brain uptake value (3.65 ± 0.9 % and 5.07 ± 0.1 % ID/g, respectively) and a fast washout (Brain uptake2 min/60 min = 4.15 and 4.61, respectively) from the brain. In vitro autoradiography demonstrated the affinity of the [18F]SFA 5-6 to Aβ plaques in AD human brain tissues. Our results suggested that [18F]SFA maybe a potential PET radiotracers for detecting Aβ in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlin He
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jikui Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Zehua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Shicun Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China.
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Gao F. Integrated Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging in clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Radiol 2021; 145:110017. [PMID: 34826792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.110017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease which seriously endangers the health of the aged, is the most common etiology of senile dementia. With the increasing progress of neuroimaging technology, more and more imaging methods have been applied to study Alzheimer's disease. The emergence of integrated PET/MRI (Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a major advance in multimodal molecular imaging with many advantages on the structure of resolution and contrast of image over computed tomography (CT), PET and MRI. PET/MRI is now used stepwise in neurodegenerative diseases, and also has broad prospect of application in the early diagnosis of AD. In this review, we emphatically introduce the imaging advances of AD including functional imaging and molecular imaging, the advantages of PET/MRI over other imaging methods and prospects of PET/MRI in AD clinical diagnosis, especially in early diagnosis, clinical assessment and prediction on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Luurtsema G, Pichler V, Bongarzone S, Seimbille Y, Elsinga P, Gee A, Vercouillie J. EANM guideline for harmonisation on molar activity or specific activity of radiopharmaceuticals: impact on safety and imaging quality. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:34. [PMID: 34628570 PMCID: PMC8502193 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This guideline on molar activity (Am) and specific activity (As) focusses on small molecules, peptides and macromolecules radiolabelled for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this guideline we describe the definition of Am and As, and how these measurements must be standardised and harmonised. Selected examples highlighting the importance of Am and As in imaging studies of saturable binding sites will be given, and the necessity of using appropriate materials and equipment will be discussed. Furthermore, common Am pitfalls and remedies are described. Finally, some aspects of Am in relation the emergence of a new generation of highly sensitive PET scanners will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gert Luurtsema
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Verena Pichler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Elsinga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antony Gee
- Department of Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Carpinelli A, Rainone P, Belloli S, Reale A, Cappelli A, Germano G, Murtaj V, Coliva A, Di Grigoli G, Valeri A, Gilardi MC, Gianolli L, Anzini M, Moresco RM. Radiosynthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of 11C-VA426, a Cyclooxygenase-2 Selective Ligand. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:5823261. [PMID: 31598112 PMCID: PMC6778861 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5823261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in the inflammatory response, and its recurrent overexpression in cancers as well as in neurodegenerative disorders has made it an important target for therapy. For this reason, noninvasive imaging of COX-2 expression may represent an important diagnostic tool. In this work, a COX-2 inhibitor analogue, VA426 [1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-(methylsulfonil)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole], was synthesized and radiolabelled with the 11C radioisotope. The ex vivo biodistribution profile of 11C-VA426 was evaluated in the brain and periphery of healthy rats and mice and in brain and periphery of inflammation models, based on the administration of LPS. 11C-VA426 synthesis with the tBuOK base showed optimal radiochemical yield (15 ± 2%) based on triflate activity, molar activity (range 37-148 GBq/μmol), and radiochemical purity (>95%). Ex vivo biodistribution studies showed a fast uptake of radioactivity but a rapid washout, except in regions expressing COX-2 (lungs, liver, and kidney) both in rats and in mice, with maximum values at 30 and 10 minutes p.i., respectively. LPS administration did not show significant effect on radioactivity accumulation. Celecoxib competition experiments performed in rats and mice treated with LPS produced a general target unrelated reduction of radioactivity concentration in all peripheral tissues and brain areas examined. Finally, in agreement with the negative results obtained from biodistribution experiments, radiometabolites analysis revealed that 11C-VA426 is highly unstable in vivo. This study indicates that the compound 11C-VA426 is not currently suitable to be used as radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging. This family of compounds needs further implementation in order to improve in vivo stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Carpinelli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rainone
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Doctorate School of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Belloli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Reale
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, DoE 2018–2022, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, DoE 2018–2022, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giuliani Germano
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, DoE 2018–2022, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Valentina Murtaj
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Angela Coliva
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Grigoli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Valeri
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, DoE 2018–2022, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Gilardi
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Luigi Gianolli
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Anzini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, DoE 2018–2022, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
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Buccino P, Savio E, Porcal W. Fully-automated radiosynthesis of the amyloid tracer [ 11C] PiB via direct [ 11C]CO 2 fixation-reduction. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2019; 4:14. [PMID: 31659494 PMCID: PMC6635575 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The β-amyloid radiotracer [11C] PiB is extensively used for the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias. For clinical use, [11C] PiB is produced using the 11C-methylation method ([11C] Methyl iodide or [11C] methyl triflate as 11C-methylation agents), which represents the most employed 11C-labelling strategy for the synthesis of 11C-radiopharmaceuticals. Recently, the use of direct [11C]CO2 fixation for the syntheses of 11C-tracers has gained interest in the radiochemical community due to its importance in terms of radiochemical versatility and for permitting the direct employment of the cyclotron-produced precursor [11C]CO2. This paper presents an optimised alternative one-pot methodology of [11C]CO2 fixation-reduction for the rapid synthesis of [11C] PiB using an automated commercial platform and its quality control. RESULTS [11C] PiB was obtained from a (25.9 ± 13.2)% (Average ± Variation Coefficient, n = 3) (end of synthesis, decay corrected) radiochemical yield from trapped [11C]CO2 after 1 min of labelling time using PhSiH3 / TBAF as the fixation-reduction system in Diglyme at 150 °C. The radiochemical purity was higher than 95% in all cases, and the molar activity was (61.4 ± 1.6) GBq/μmol. The radiochemical yield and activity (EOS) of formulated [11C] PiB from cyclotron-produced [11C]CO2 was (14.8 ± 12.1)%, decay corrected) and 9.88 GBq (± 6.0%), respectively. These are higher values compared to that of the 11C-methylation method with [11C]CH3OTf (~ 8.3%). CONCLUSIONS The viability of the system PhSiH3 / TBAF to efficiently promote the radiosynthesis of [11C] PiB via direct [11C]CO2 fixation-reduction has been demonstrated. [11C] PiB was obtained through a fully automated radiosynthesis with a satisfactory yield, purity and molar activity. According to the results, the one-pot methodology employed could reliably yield sufficiently high tracer amounts for preclinical and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Buccino
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), Av. Dr. Américo Ricaldoni 2010, PC 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Savio
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), Av. Dr. Américo Ricaldoni 2010, PC 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Williams Porcal
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM), Av. Dr. Américo Ricaldoni 2010, PC 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2124, PC 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Wen F, Liu S, Nie D, Tang X, Tang C, Zhang Z, Sun A, Gao S, Jiang S, Tang G. Synthesis and biodistribution of novel dansyl derivative 11C-DSB. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ru-catalyzed ortho-oxidative alkenylation of 2-arylbenzo[d]thiazoles in aqueous solution of anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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