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Jeon OH, Kim K, Kim CG, Choi BH, Lee JH, Kim BM, Kim HK. Novel locally nebulized indocyanine green for simultaneous identification of tumor margin and intersegmental plane. Int J Surg 2024; 110:4708-4715. [PMID: 38752517 PMCID: PMC11325942 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Segmentectomy, recommended for early-stage lung cancer or compromised lung function, demands precise tumor detection and intersegmental plane identification. While indocyanine green (ICG) commonly aids in these aspects using near-infrared imaging, its separate administrations through different routes and times can lead to complications and patient anxiety. This study aims to develop a lung-specific delivery method by nebulizing low-dose ICG to targeted lung segments, allowing simultaneous detection of lung tumors and intersegmental planes across diverse animal models. METHODS To optimizing the dose of ICG for lung tumor and interlobar fissure detection, different doses of ICG (0.25, 0.1, and 0.05 mg/kg) were nebulized to rabbit lung tumor models. The distribution of locally nebulized ICG in targeted segments was studied to evaluate the feasibility of detecting lung tumor and intersegmental planes in canine lung pseudotumor models. RESULTS Near-infrared fluorescence imaging demonstrated clear visualization of lung tumor margin and interlobar fissure using local nebulization of 0.1 mg/kg ICG for only 4 min during surgery in the rabbit models. In the canine model, the local nebulization of 0.05 mg/kg of ICG into the target segment enabled clear visualization of pseudotumor and intersegmental planes for 30 min. CONCLUSIONS This innovative approach achieves a reduction in ICG dose and prolonged the visualization time of the intersegmental plane and effectively eliminates the need for the hurried marking of tumors and intersegmental planes. The authors anticipate that lung-specific delivery of ICG will prove valuable for image-guided limited resection of lung tumors in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Hwa Jeon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungsu Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Geun Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong Hyeon Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beop-Min Kim
- Department of Bio-Convergence, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Koo Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University
- Image Guided Precision Cancer Surgery Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Wang K, Huang W, Chen X, Li G, Li N, Huang X, Liao X, Song J, Yang Q, He K, An Y, Feng X, Zhang Z, Chi C, Tian J, Chen F, Chen F. Efficacy of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for Small Pulmonary Nodule Resection with Indocyanine Green Inhalation: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:5912-5922. [PMID: 37389655 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small pulmonary nodules (<3 cm) can sometimes be unrecognizable and nonpalpable in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Near-infrared fluorescence (NIF) VATS after indocyanine green (ICG) inhalation may effectively guide surgeons to locate the nodules. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of ICG inhalation-based NIF imaging for guiding small pulmonary nodule resections. METHODS Between February and May 2021, the first-stage, non-randomized trial enrolled 21 patients with different nodule depth, ICG inhalation doses, post-inhalation surgery times, and nodule types at a tertiary referral hospital. Between May 2021 and May 2022, the second-stage randomized trial enrolled 56 patients, who were randomly assigned to the fluorescence VATS (FLVATS) or the white-light VATS (WLVATS) group. The ratio of effective guidance and the time consumption for nodule localization were compared. RESULTS The first-stage trial proved this new method is safe and feasible, and established a standardized protocol with optimized nodule depth (≤1 cm), ICG dose (0.20-0.25 mg/kg), and surgery window (50-90 min after ICG inhalation). In the second-stage trial, the FLVATS achieved 87.1% helpful nodule localization guidance, which was significantly higher than the WLVATS (59.1%, p < 0.05). The mean nodule locating time (standard deviation) was 1.8 [0.9] and 3.3 [2.3] min, respectively. Surgeons adopting FLVATS were significantly faster (p < 0.01), especially when locating small ground-glass opacities (1.3 [0.6] min vs. 7.0 [3.5] min, p < 0.05). Five of 31 nodules (16.1%) were only detectable by FLVATS, whereas both white light and palpation failed. CONCLUSIONS This new method is safe and feasible for small pulmonary nodule resection. It significantly improves nodule localization rates with less time consumption, and hence is highly worthy for clinical promotion. Clinical Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR2100047326.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
- CAS Key Laboratory and Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyuan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xianshan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Gao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan General Hospital (Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiuming Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xuqiang Liao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Jiali Song
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Kunshan He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu An
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory and Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Chongwei Chi
- CAS Key Laboratory and Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fengxia Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
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Cheng Z, Ma J, Yin L, Yu L, Yuan Z, Zhang B, Tian J, Du Y. Non-invasive molecular imaging for precision diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes: opportunities from preclinical to clinical applications. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1111-1133. [PMID: 36443568 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is an indicator of the invasiveness and aggressiveness of cancer. It is a vital prognostic factor in clinical staging of the disease and therapeutic decision-making. Patients with positive metastatic lymph nodes are likely to develop recurrent disease, distant metastasis, and succumb to death in the coming few years. Lymph node dissection and histological analysis are needed to detect whether regional lymph nodes have been infiltrated by cancer cells and determine the likely outcome of treatment and the patient's chances of survival. However, these procedures are invasive, and tissue biopsies are prone to sampling error. In recent years, advanced molecular imaging with novel imaging probes has provided new technologies that are contributing to comprehensive management of cancer, including non-invasive investigation of lymphatic drainage from tumors, identifying metastatic lymph nodes, and guiding surgeons to operate efficiently in patients with complex lesions. In this review, first, we outline the current status of different molecular imaging modalities applied for lymph node metastasis management. Second, we summarize the multi-functional imaging probes applied with the different imaging modalities as well as applications of cancer lymph node metastasis from preclinical studies to clinical translations. Third, we describe the limitations that must be considered in the field of molecular imaging for improved detection of lymph node metastasis. Finally, we propose future directions for molecular imaging technology that will allow more personalized treatment plans for patients with lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongquan Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road 2#, ChaoYang Dist., Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lin Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Leyi Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Yinghua East Road 2#, ChaoYang Dist., Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China.
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