1
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Nguyen D, Osterlund E, Kale J, Andrews DW. The C-terminal sequences of Bcl-2 family proteins mediate interactions that regulate cell death. Biochem J 2024; 481:903-922. [PMID: 38985308 PMCID: PMC11346437 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death via the both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways is regulated by interactions of the Bcl-2 family protein members that determine whether the cell commits to apoptosis via mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). Recently the conserved C-terminal sequences (CTSs) that mediate localization of Bcl-2 family proteins to intracellular membranes, have been shown to have additional protein-protein binding functions that contribute to the functions of these proteins in regulating MOMP. Here we review the pivotal role of CTSs in Bcl-2 family interactions including: (1) homotypic interactions between the pro-apoptotic executioner proteins that cause MOMP, (2) heterotypic interactions between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins that prevent MOMP, and (3) heterotypic interactions between the pro-apoptotic executioner proteins and the pro-apoptotic direct activator proteins that promote MOMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Nguyen
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Odette Cancer Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Osterlund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Justin Kale
- Biological Sciences Platform, Odette Cancer Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - David W. Andrews
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Odette Cancer Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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2
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García-Aranda M, Pérez-Ruiz E, Redondo M. Bcl-2 Inhibition to Overcome Resistance to Chemo- and Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3950. [PMID: 30544835 PMCID: PMC6321604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The identification of novel targets for cancer treatment is an area of intense work that has led Bcl-2 over-expression to be proposed as one of the hallmarks of cancer and Bcl-2 inhibition as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we describe the different pathways related to programmed cell death, the role of Bcl-2 family members in apoptosis resistance to anti-cancer treatments, and the potential utility of Bcl-2 inhibitors to overcome resistance to chemo- and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilina García-Aranda
- Research Unit, REDISSEC, Hospital Costa del Sol, Autovía A-7, km 187, 29603 Marbella, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Elisabet Pérez-Ruiz
- Oncology Department, Hospital Costa del Sol, Autovía A-7, km 187, 29603 Marbella, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Maximino Redondo
- Research Unit, REDISSEC, Hospital Costa del Sol, Universidad de Málaga, Autovía A-7 km 187, 29603 Marbella, Málaga, Spain.
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3
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Suhaili SH, Karimian H, Stellato M, Lee TH, Aguilar MI. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization: a focus on the role of mitochondrial membrane structural organization. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:443-457. [PMID: 28823106 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is important in regulating cell death turnover and is mediated by the intrinsic and death receptor-based extrinsic pathways which converge at the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) leading to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). MOMP results in the release of apoptotic proteins that further activate the downstream pathway of apoptosis. Thus, tight regulation of MOMP is crucial in controlling apoptosis, and a lack of control may lead to tissue and organ malformation and the development of cancers. Despite a growing number of studies focusing on the structure and activity of the proteins involved in mediating MOMP, such as the Bcl-2 family proteins, the mechanism of MOMP is not well understood. In particular, the crucial role of the various structural properties and changes in lipid components of the MOM in mediating the recruitment and activation of different Bcl-2 proteins remains poorly understood. Furthermore, the factors that control the changes in mitochondrial membrane integrity from the initiation to the final disruption of MOM have yet to be clearly defined. In this review, we provide an overview of studies that focus on the mitochondrial membrane with a biophysical analysis of the interactions of the Bcl-2 proteins with the mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Haji Suhaili
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew Stellato
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Tzong-Hsien Lee
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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4
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Abstract
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The Dengue virus (DENV) NS2A protein,
essential for viral replication,
is a poorly characterized membrane protein. NS2A displays both protein/protein
and membrane/protein interactions, yet neither its functions in the
viral cycle nor its active regions are known with certainty. To highlight
the different membrane-active regions of NS2A, we characterized the
effects of peptides derived from a peptide library encompassing this
protein’s full length on different membranes by measuring their
membrane leakage induction and modulation of lipid phase behavior.
Following this initial screening, one region, peptide dens25, had
interesting effects on membranes; therefore, we sought to thoroughly
characterize this region’s interaction with membranes. This
peptide presents an interfacial/hydrophobic pattern characteristic
of a membrane-proximal segment. We show that dens25 strongly interacts
with membranes that contain a large proportion of lipid molecules
with a formal negative charge, and that this effect has a major electrostatic
contribution. Considering its membrane modulating capabilities, this
region might be involved in membrane rearrangements and thus be important
for the viral cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Nemésio
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Institute, Universitas "Miguel Hernández" , E-03202 Elche-Alicante, Spain
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5
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Nemésio H, Villalaín J. Membranotropic Regions of the Dengue Virus prM Protein. Biochemistry 2014; 53:5280-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bi500724k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Nemésio
- Instituto de Biología
Molecular y Celular, Universidad “Miguel Hernández”, E-03202 Elche-Alicante, Spain
| | - José Villalaín
- Instituto de Biología
Molecular y Celular, Universidad “Miguel Hernández”, E-03202 Elche-Alicante, Spain
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6
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Functions of the C-terminal domains of apoptosis-related proteins of the Bcl-2 family. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 183:77-90. [PMID: 24892727 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 family proteins are involved in cell homeostasis, where they regulate cell death. Some of these proteins are pro-apoptotic and others pro-survival. Moreover, many of them share a similar domain composition with several of the so-called BH domains, although some only have a BH3 domain. A C-terminal domain is present in all the multi-BH domain proteins and in some of the BH3-only ones. This C-terminal domain is hydrophobic or amphipathic, for which reason it was thought when they were discovered that they were membrane anchors. Although this is indeed one of their functions, it has since been observed that they may also serve as regulators of the function of some members of this family, such as Bax. They may also serve to recognize the target membrane of some of these proteins, which only after an apoptotic signal, are incorporated into a membrane. It has been shown that peptides that imitate the sequence of C-terminal domains can form pores and may serve as a model to design cytotoxic molecules.
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7
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Melo AM, Loura LMS, Fernandes F, Villalaín J, Prieto M, Coutinho A. Electrostatically driven lipid-lysozyme mixed fibers display a multilamellar structure without amyloid features. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:840-850. [PMID: 24651998 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between anionic lipid membranes and amyloidogenic proteins/peptides is key to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the membrane-driven amyloid fiber formation. Here, hen egg-white lysozyme was used as a model protein to test whether this same process also occurs with non-amyloidogenic lipid-binding proteins/peptides. A complementary set of biophysical techniques was employed to study the structure and dynamics of the lipid-lysozyme mixed fibers produced at a low lipid/protein molar ratio that have been proposed earlier to present "amyloid-like" characteristics. The multilamellar architecture of these elongated mesoscopic structures was established by performing time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer measurements, at both bulk (ensemble) and single-fiber level. The predominantly oligomeric lysozyme and phospholipids were both found to display significantly decreased lateral mobility when embedded in these mixed fibers. Notably, two-photon microscopy of Laurdan revealed that a pronounced membrane surface dehydration/increased molecular interfacial packing was produced exclusively in these elongated mixed supramolecular fibers present in the highly polymorphic samples. Infrared spectroscopic studies of lysozyme in these samples further showed that this protein did not exhibit a rich β-sheet structure characteristic of amyloid fibrils. These results support the conclusion that negatively charged lipid membranes do not have the general ability to trigger amyloid fibril formation of non-amyloidogenic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Melo
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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8
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Muñoz F, Palomares-Jerez MF, Daleo G, Villalaín J, Guevara MG. Possible mechanism of structural transformations induced by StAsp-PSI in lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:339-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Palomares-Jerez MF, Nemesio H, Franquelim HG, Castanho MARB, Villalaín J. N-terminal AH2 segment of protein NS4B from hepatitis C virus. Binding to and interaction with model biomembranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:1938-52. [PMID: 23639583 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
HCV NS4B, a highly hydrophobic protein involved in the alteration of the intracellular host membranes forming the replication complex, plays a critical role in the HCV life cycle. NS4B is a multifunctional membrane protein that possesses different regions where diverse and significant functions are located. One of these important regions is the AH2 segment, which besides being highly conserved has been shown to play a significant role in NS4B functioning. We have carried out an in-depth biophysical study aimed at the elucidation of the capacity of this region to interact, modulate and disrupt membranes, as well as to study the structural and dynamic features relevant for that disruption. We show that a peptide derived from this region, NS4BAH2, is capable of specifically binding phosphatidyl inositol phosphates with high affinity, and its interfacial properties suggest that this segment could behave similarly to a pre-transmembrane domain partitioning into and interacting with the membrane depending on the membrane composition and/or other proteins. Moreover, NS4BAH2 is capable of rupturing membranes even at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios and its membrane-activity is modulated by lipid composition. NS4BAH2 is located in a shallow position in the membrane but it is able to affect the lipid environment from the membrane surface down to the hydrophobic core. The NS4B region where peptide NS4BAH2 resides might have an essential role in the membrane replication and/or assembly of the viral particle through the modulation of the membrane structure and hence the replication complex.
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10
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Nemésio H, Palomares-Jerez F, Villalaín J. NS4A and NS4B proteins from dengue virus: Membranotropic regions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2818-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Palomares-Jerez MF, Nemesio H, Villalaín J. Interaction with membranes of the full C-terminal domain of protein NS4B from hepatitis C virus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2536-49. [PMID: 22749751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS4B protein is a transmembrane highly hydrophobic protein responsible for many key aspects of the viral replication process. The C-terminal part of NS4B is essential for replication and is a potential target for HCV replication inhibitors. In this work we have carried out a study of the binding to and interaction with model biomembranes of a peptide corresponding to the C-terminal domain of NS4B, NS4B(Cter). We show that NS4B(Cter) partitions into phospholipid membranes, is capable of rupturing membranes even at very low peptide-to-lipid ratios and its membrane-activity is modulated by lipid composition. NS4B(Cter) is located in a shallow position in the membrane but it is able to affect the lipid environment from the membrane surface down to the hydrophobic core. Our results identify the C-terminal region of the HCV NS4B protein as a membrane interacting domain, and therefore directly implicated in the HCV life cycle and possibly in the formation of the membranous web.
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12
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Muñoz F, Palomares-Jerez MF, Daleo G, Villalaín J, Guevara MG. Cholesterol and membrane phospholipid compositions modulate the leakage capacity of the swaposin domain from a potato aspartic protease (StAsp-PSI). Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:1038-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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The membrane-active regions of the dengue virus proteins C and E. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2390-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Intrinsic order and disorder in the bcl-2 member harakiri: insights into its proapoptotic activity. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21413. [PMID: 21731739 PMCID: PMC3121775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Harakiri is a BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family that localizes in membranes and induces cell death by binding to prosurvival Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. The cytosolic domain of Harakiri is largely disorder with residual α-helical conformation according to previous structural studies. As these helical structures could play an important role in Harakiri's function, we have used NMR and circular dichroism to fully characterize them at the residue-atomic level. In addition, we report structural studies on a peptide fragment spanning Harakiri's C-terminal hydrophobic sequence, which potentially operates as a transmembrane domain. We initially checked by enzyme immunoassays and NMR that peptides encompassing different lengths of the cytosolic domain are functional as they bind Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. The structural data in water indicate that the α-helical conformation is restricted to a 25-residue segment comprising the BH3 domain. However, structure calculation was precluded because of insufficient NMR restraints. To bypass this problem we used alcohol-water mixture to increase structure population and confirmed by NMR that the conformation in both milieus is equivalent. The resulting three-dimensional structure closely resembles that of peptides encompassing the BH3 domain of BH3-only members in complex with their prosurvival partners, suggesting that preformed structural elements in the disordered protein are central to binding. In contrast, the transmembrane domain forms in micelles a monomeric α-helix with a population close to 100%. Its three-dimensional structure here reported reveals features that explain its function as membrane anchor. Altogether these results are used to propose a tentative structural model of how Harakiri works.
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15
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Membrane interaction of segment H1 (NS4BH1) from hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 4B. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:1219-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Sborgi L, Barrera-Vilarmau S, Obregón P, de Alba E. Characterization of a novel interaction between Bcl-2 members Diva and Harakiri. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15575. [PMID: 21209886 PMCID: PMC3012698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions within proteins of the Bcl-2 family are key in the regulation of apoptosis. The death-inducing members control apoptotic mechanisms partly by antagonizing the prosurvival proteins through heterodimer formation. Structural and biophysical studies on these complexes are providing important clues to understand their function. To help improve our knowledge on protein-protein interactions within the Bcl-2 family we have studied the binding between two of its members: mouse Diva and human Harakiri. Diva has been shown to perform both prosurvival and killing activity. In contrast, Harakiri induces cell death by interacting with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 members. Here we show using ELISA and NMR that Diva and Harakiri can interact in vitro. Combining the NMR data with the previously reported three-dimensional structure of Diva we find that Harakiri binds to a specific region in Diva. This interacting surface is equivalent to the known binding area of prosurvival Bcl-2 members from the reported structures of the complexes, suggesting that Diva could function at the structural level similarly to the antiapoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family. We illustrate this result by building a structural model of the heterodimer using molecular docking and the NMR data as restraints. Moreover, combining circular dichroism and NMR we also show that Harakiri is largely unstructured with residual (13%) α-helical conformation. This result agrees with intrinsic disorder previously observed in other Bcl-2 members. In addition, Harakiri constructs of different length were studied to identify the region critical for the interaction. Differential affinity for Diva of these constructs suggests that the amino acid sequence flanking the interacting region could play an important role in binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Sborgi
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Barrera-Vilarmau
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Obregón
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva de Alba
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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17
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Villalaín J. Membranotropic effects of arbidol, a broad anti-viral molecule, on phospholipid model membranes. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:8544-54. [PMID: 20527735 DOI: 10.1021/jp102619w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Arbidol, a broad and potent antiviral molecule, incorporates rapidly into membranes. To gain further insight into the mode of action of Arbidol, since the exact antiviral mechanism of Arbidol is unknown, I examined its interaction and effects on model membranes composed of saturated phospholipids by performing a detailed biophysical study using calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. Arbidol interacts and modifies the physicochemical properties of the phospholipids in the membrane, having a significant effect on negatively charged phospholipids but a minor one on zwitterionic phospholipids. The data suggest that Arbidol is located at the interface of the membrane, participates in hydrogen bonding either with water or the phospholipid or both, and decreases the hydrogen bonding network of the phospholipids giving place to a phospholipid phase similar to the dehydrated solid one. The significant effects produced on negatively charged phospholipids suggest that the active molecule of Arbidol in the membrane is the protonated one, that is, the positively charged molecule. These data suggest that the potent antiviral effects of Arbidol are mediated at least in part through its membranotropic effects, likely giving place to the formation of perturbed membrane structures. These modifications interfere with proper membrane functioning and should be responsible for its broad antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Villalaín
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University Miguel Hernández, E-03206 Elche (Alicante), Spain.
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18
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Interaction of the N-terminal segment of HCV protein NS5A with model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:1212-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Guillén J, González-Alvarez A, Villalaín J. A membranotropic region in the C-terminal domain of hepatitis C virus protein NS4B interaction with membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1798:327-37. [PMID: 19631190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We have identified a membrane-active region in the HCV NS4B protein by studying membrane rupture induced by a NS4B-derived peptide library on model membranes. This segment corresponds to one of two previously predicted amphipathic helix and define it as a new membrane association domain. We report the binding and interaction with model membranes of a peptide patterned after this segment, peptide NS4B(H2), and show that NS4B(H2) strongly partitions into phospholipid membranes, interacts with them, and is located in a shallow position in the membrane. Furthermore, changes in the primary sequence cause the disruption of the hydrophobicity along the structure and prevent the resulting peptide from interacting with the membrane. Our results suggest that the region where the NS4B(H2) is located might have an essential role in the membrane replication and/or assembly of the viral particle through the modulation of the replication complex. Our findings therefore identify an important region in the HCV NS4B protein which might be implicated in the HCV life cycle and possibly in the formation of the membranous web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Guillén
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, E-03202, Elche-Alicante, Spain
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20
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The pre-transmembrane region of the HCV E1 envelope glycoprotein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:2069-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Guillén J, Pérez-Berná AJ, Moreno MR, Villalaín J. A second SARS-CoV S2 glycoprotein internal membrane-active peptide. Biophysical characterization and membrane interaction. Biochemistry 2008; 47:8214-24. [PMID: 18616295 DOI: 10.1021/bi800814q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) envelope spike (S) glycoprotein, a class I viral fusion protein, is responsible for the fusion between the membranes of the virus and the target cell. The S2 domain of protein S has been suggested to have two fusion peptides, one located at its N-terminus, downstream of the furin cleavage, and another, more internal, located immediately upstream of the HR1. Therefore, we have carried out a study of the binding and interaction with model membranes of a peptide corresponding to segment 873-888 of the SARS-CoV S glycoprotein, peptide SARS IFP, as well as the structural changes taking place in both the phospholipid and the peptide induced by the binding of the peptide to the membrane. We demonstrate that SARS IFP peptide binds to and interacts with phospholipid model membranes and shows a higher affinity for negatively charged phospholipids than for zwitterionic ones. SARS IFP peptide specifically decreases the mobility of the phospholipid acyl chains of negatively charged phospholipids and adopts different conformations in the membrane depending upon their composition. These data support its role in SARS-mediated membrane fusion and suggest that the regions where this peptide resides might assist the fusion peptide and/or the pretransmembrane segment of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein in the fusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Guillén
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Campus de Elche, Universidad Miguel Hernández, E-03202 Elche-Alicante, Spain
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22
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Guillén J, de Almeida RFM, Prieto M, Villalaín J. Structural and dynamic characterization of the interaction of the putative fusion peptide of the S2 SARS-CoV virus protein with lipid membranes. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:6997-7007. [PMID: 18489147 DOI: 10.1021/jp7118229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) envelope spike (S) glycoprotein, a Class I viral fusion protein, is responsible for the fusion between the membranes of the virus and the target cell. In the present work, we report a study of the binding and interaction with model membranes of a peptide pertaining to the putative fusion domain of SARS-CoV, SARS FP, as well as the structural changes that take place in both the phospholipid and the peptide molecules upon this interaction. From fluorescence and infrared spectroscopies, the peptide ability to induce membrane leakage, aggregation and fusion, as well as its affinity toward specific phospholipids, was assessed. We demonstrate that SARS FP strongly partitions into phospholipid membranes, more specifically with those containing negatively charged phospholipids, increasing the water penetration depth and displaying membrane-activity modulated by the lipid composition of the membrane. Interestingly, peptide organization is different depending if SARS FP is in water or bound to the membrane. These data suggest that SARS FP could be involved in the merging of the viral and target cell membranes by perturbing the membrane outer leaflet phospholipids and specifically interacting with negatively charged phospholipids located in the inner leaflet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Guillén
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche-Alicante, Spain
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Moreno MR, Pérez-Berná AJ, Guillén J, Villalaín J. Biophysical characterization and membrane interaction of the most membranotropic region of the HIV-1 gp41 endodomain. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:1298-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 12/19/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Interaction of the most membranotropic region of the HCV E2 envelope glycoprotein with membranes. Biophysical characterization. Biophys J 2008; 94:4737-50. [PMID: 18339752 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.107.126896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The previously identified membrane-active regions of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) E1 and E2 envelope glycoproteins led us to identify different segments that might be implicated in viral membrane fusion, membrane interaction, and/or protein-protein binding. HCV E2 glycoprotein contains one of the most membranotropic segments, segment 603-634, which has been implicated in CD81 binding, E1/E2 and E2/E2 dimerization, and membrane interaction. Through a series of complementary experiments, we have carried out a study of the binding and interaction with the lipid bilayer of a peptide corresponding to segment 603-634, peptide E2(FP), as well as the structural changes induced by membrane binding that take place in both the peptide and the phospholipid molecules. Here, we demonstrate that peptide E2(FP) binds to and interacts with phospholipid model membranes, modulates the polymorphic phase behavior of membrane phospholipids, is localized in a shallow position in the membrane, and is probably oligomerized in the presence of membranes. These data support the role of E2(FP) in HCV-mediated membrane fusion, and sustain the notion that this segment of the E2 envelope glycoprotein, together with other segments of E2 and E1 glycoproteins, provides the driving force for the merging of the viral and target cell membranes.
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Pérez-Berná AJ, Guillén J, Moreno MR, Bernabeu A, Pabst G, Laggner P, Villalaín J. Identification of the membrane-active regions of hepatitis C virus p7 protein: biophysical characterization of the loop region. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:8089-101. [PMID: 18198177 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m709413200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified the membrane-active regions of the hepatitis C virus p7 protein by performing an exhaustive study of membrane rupture, hemifusion, and fusion induced by a p7-derived peptide library on model membranes having different phospholipid compositions. We report the identification in p7 of a highly membranotropic region located at the loop domain of the protein. Here, we have investigated the interaction of a peptide patterned after the p7 loop (peptide p7(L)), studying its binding and interaction with the lipid bilayer, and evaluated the binding-induced structural changes of the peptide and the phospholipids. We show that positively rich p7(L) strongly binds to negatively charged phospholipids and it is localized in a shallow position in the bilayer. Furthermore, peptide p7(L) exhibits a high tendency to oligomerize in the presence of phospholipids, which could be the driving force for the formation of the active ion channel. Therefore, our findings suggest that the p7 loop could be an attractive candidate for antiviral drug development, because it could be a target for antiviral compounds that may lead to new vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Pérez-Berná
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
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Guillén J, Moreno MR, Pérez-Berna AJ, Bernabeu A, Villalaín J. Interaction of a peptide from the pre-transmembrane domain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein with phospholipid membranes. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:13714-25. [PMID: 18020324 DOI: 10.1021/jp073675y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) envelope spike (S) glycoprotein, a Class I viral fusion protein, is responsible for the fusion between the membranes of the virus and the target cell. In order to gain new insight into the protein membrane alteration leading to the viral fusion mechanism, a peptide pertaining to the putative pre-transmembrane domain (PTM) of the S glycoprotein has been studied by infrared and fluorescence spectroscopies regarding its structure, its ability to induce membrane leakage, aggregation, and fusion, as well as its affinity toward specific phospholipids. We demonstrate that the SARS-CoV PTM peptide binds to and interacts with phospholipid model membranes, and, at the same time, it adopts different conformations when bound to membranes of different compositions. As it has been already suggested for other viral fusion proteins such as HIV gp41, the region of the SARS-CoV protein where the PTM peptide resides could be involved in the merging of the viral and target cell membranes working synergistically with other membrane-active regions of the SARS-CoV S glycoprotein to heighten the fusion process and therefore might be essential for the assistance and enhancement of the viral and cell fusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Guillén
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Campus de Elche, Universidad Miguel HernAndez, E-03202 Elche-Alicante, Spain
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