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Swann P, Mirza-Davies A, O'Brien J. Associations Between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Dementia: A Systematic Review. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6113-6141. [PMID: 39262651 PMCID: PMC11389708 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s385825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in dementia and linked to adverse outcomes. Inflammation is increasingly recognized as playing a role as a driver of early disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. Inflammation has also been linked to primary psychiatric disorders, however its association with neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative dementias remains uncertain. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review investigating associations between inflammation and neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative dementias, including AD, Lewy body, Frontotemporal, Parkinson's (PD) and Huntington's disease dementias. Results Ninety-nine studies met our inclusion criteria, and the majority (n = 59) investigated AD and/or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thirty-five studies included PD, and only 6 investigated non-AD dementias. Inflammation was measured in blood, CSF, by genotype, brain tissue and PET imaging. Overall, studies exhibited considerable heterogeneity and evidence for specific inflammatory markers was inconsistent, with lack of replication and few longitudinal studies with repeat biomarkers. Depression was the most frequently investigated symptom. In AD, some studies reported increases in peripheral IL-6, TNF-a associated with depressive symptoms. Preliminary investigations using PET measures of microglial activation found an association with agitation. In PD, studies reported positive associations between TNF-a, IL-6, CRP, MCP-1, IL-10 and depression. Conclusion Central and peripheral inflammation may play a role in neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative dementias; however, the evidence is inconsistent. There is a need for multi-site longitudinal studies with detailed assessments of neuropsychiatric symptoms combined with replicable peripheral and central markers of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Swann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anastasia Mirza-Davies
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - John O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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Zhang YJ, Cheng Y, Tang HL, Yue Q, Cai XY, Lu ZJ, Hao YX, Dai AX, Hou T, Liu HX, Kong N, Ji XY, Lu CH, Xu SL, Huang K, Zeng X, Wen YQ, Ma WY, Guan JT, Lin Y, Zheng WB, Pan H, Wu J, Wu RH, Wei NL. APOE ε4-associated downregulation of the IL-7/IL-7R pathway in effector memory T cells: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39129310 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele exerts a significant influence on peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS The present study enrolled 54 patients diagnosed with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD; including 28 APOE ε4 carriers and 26 non-carriers). Plasma inflammatory cytokine concentration was assessed, alongside bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). RESULTS Plasma tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, and interleukin (IL)-33 levels increased in the APOE ε4 carriers but IL-7 expression notably decreased. A negative correlation was observed between plasma IL-7 level and the hippocampal atrophy degree. Additionally, the expression of IL-7R and CD28 also decreased in PBMCs of APOE ε4 carriers. ScRNA-seq data results indicated that the changes were mainly related to the CD4+ Tem (effector memory) and CD8+ Tem T cells. DISCUSSION These findings shed light on the role of the downregulated IL-7/IL-7R pathway associated with the APOE ε4 allele in modulating neuroinflammation and hippocampal atrophy. HIGHLIGHTS The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele decreases plasma interleukin (IL)-7 and aggravates hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Plasma IL-7 level is negatively associated with the degree of hippocampal atrophy. The expression of IL-7R signaling decreased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of APOE ε4 carriers Dysregulation of the IL-7/IL-7R signal pathways enriches T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Liang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yi Cai
- Department of Pathology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - An-Xiang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ting Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hao-Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Nan Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chang-Hao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ya-Qi Wen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wan-Yin Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ji-Tian Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Family Medicine, Shantou Longhu People's Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ren-Hua Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Nai-Li Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Manusama O, Singh S, Brooimans RA, Wijkhuijs A, van der Ent M, Drexhage HA, Dalm VA. Reduced numbers of naïve CD4 + T cells and an altered CD4/CD8 balance in depressed common variable immune deficiency (CVID) patients. Is thymosin-α1 a possible treatment? Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110168. [PMID: 37086677 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
In the 1990's the macrophage-T-cell-theory of depression was posed stating that low grade inflammation and an abnormal T cell system destabilize the development and function of the emotional brain in such a way, that individuals become ultrasensitive to stress. Recently we gathered evidence that indeed higher frequencies of CD4+ memory T cells, lower frequencies of naive CD4 + T cells, higher frequencies of CD8 + T cells (the latter two in part elicited by Cytomegalovirus, CMV, infection) are a characteristic of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In MDD patients with a history of childhood trauma and severe depression monocytes are inflammatory activated. Low grade inflammation and T cell system defects have also been reported in patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) (next to antibody production defects). CVID patients show a higher prevalence of mild depression. The aim of this study was to determine T cell frequencies and monocyte inflammatory activation in CVID patients with and without depression. This study confirms that CVID patients have CMV independent decreases in the frequency of naïve CD4 + T cells and it de novo shows a CMV dependent increase in the expression of inflammatory genes in monocytes. CVID patients with depression are additionally characterized by a CMV independent increase in the frequency of naïve CD8 + T cells, while lacking monocyte inflammatory activation. In conclusion, depressed CVID patients have T cell abnormalities comparable to that of patients with regular MDD. These abnormalities are presently targeted by thymosin α1 in an open-label proof of concept trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Manusama
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sajni Singh
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rik A Brooimans
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Wijkhuijs
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne van der Ent
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hemmo A Drexhage
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Virgil A Dalm
- Dept of Immunology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Ivanets NN, Svistunov AA, Chubarev VN, Kinkulkina MA, Tikhonova YG, Syzrantsev NS, Sologova SS, Ignatyeva NV, Mutig K, Tarasov VV. Can Molecular Biology Propose Reliable Biomarkers for Diagnosing Major Depression? Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:305-318. [PMID: 33234092 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201124110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern medicine has provided considerable knowledge of the pathophysiology of mental disorders at the body, systemic, organ and neurochemical levels of the biological organization of the body. Modern clinical diagnostics of depression have some problems, that is why psychiatric society makes use of diagnostics and taxonomy of different types of depression by implemention of modern molecular biomarkers in diagnostic procedures. But up to now, there are no reliable biomarkers of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other types of depression. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to find fundamentals in pathological mechanisms of depression, which could be a basis for development of molecular and genetic biomarkers, being the most feasible for clinical use. METHOD This review summarizes the published data using PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scopus. RESULTS In this review, we summarized and discussed findings in molecular biology, genetics, neuroplasticity, neurotransmitters, and neuroimaging that could increase our understanding of the biological foundations of depression and show new directions for the development of reliable biomarkers. We did not find any molecular and genetic biomarker approved for the clinic. But the Genome-Wide Association Study method promises some progress in the development of biomarkers based on SNP in the future. Epigenetic factors also are a promising target for biomarkers. We have found some differences in the etiology of different types of atypical and melancholic depression. This knowledge could be the basis for development of biomarkers for clinical practice in diagnosis, prognosis and selection of treatment. CONCLUSION Depression is not a monoetiological disease. Many pathological mechanisms are involved in depression, thus up to now, there is no approved and reliable biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and correction of treatment of depression. The structural and functional complexity of the brain, the lack of invasive technology, poor correlations between genetic and clinical manifestation of depression, imperfect psychiatric classification and taxonomy of subtypes of disease are the main causes of this situation. One of the possible ways to come over this situation can be to pay attention to the trigger mechanism of disease and its subtypes. Researchers and clinicians should focus their efforts on searching the trigger mechanism of depression and different types of it . HPA axis can be a candidate for such trigger in depression caused by stress, because it influences the main branches of disease: neuroinflammation, activity of biogenic amines, oxidative and nitrosative stress, epigenetic factors, metabolomics, etc. But before we shall find any trigger mechanism, we need to create complex biomarkers reflecting genetic, epigenetic, metabolomics and other pathological changes in different types of depression. Recently the most encouraging results have been obtained from genetics and neuroimaging. Continuing research in these areas should be forced by using computational, statistical and systems biology approaches, which can allow to obtain more knowledge about the neurobiology of depression. In order to obtain clinically useful tests, search for biomarkers should use appropriate research methodologies with increasing samples and identifying more homogeneous groups of depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay N Ivanets
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Svistunov
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Kinkulkina
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya G Tikhonova
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikita S Syzrantsev
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Susanna S Sologova
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nelly V Ignatyeva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Kerim Mutig
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Galera C, Barbosa S, Collet O, Khalfallah O, Aouizerate B, Sutter-Dalley AL, Koehl M, Capuron L, Van der Waerden J, Melchior M, Côté S, Heude B, Glaichenhaus N, Davidovic L. Cord Serum Cytokines at Birth and Children's Anxiety-Depression Trajectories From 3 to 8 Years: The EDEN Mother-Child Cohort. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:541-549. [PMID: 33349450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research suggests that immune dysregulation in pregnancy could be a risk factor for anxiety and depression symptoms in offspring. Whereas animal studies have demonstrated the importance of the link between perinatal cytokines and abnormal behaviors in offspring, human epidemiological studies in this area remain limited. The objectives of the study were to describe the network of cord serum cytokines at birth and test whether they are associated with subsequent anxiety and depression symptom trajectories in offspring. METHODS We used data and biological samples from 871 mother-child pairs followed up from pregnancy to 8 years of age and participating in the French mother-child cohort EDEN (a study on the pre- and early postnatal determinants of child health and development). Cord serum cytokines were measured at birth. Children's symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed with the emotional difficulties subscore of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 3, 5, and 8 years, from which trajectories of anxiety-depression symptoms were derived. RESULTS Results showed a significant association between cord serum interleukin-7 at birth and the trajectories of children's anxiety-depression symptoms between ages 3 to 8 years (adjusted odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.93). The associations considered relevant confounders, including prenatal maternal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Early immune changes may contribute to subsequent anxiety and depression symptoms in childhood. Beyond the understanding of mechanisms underlying the occurrence of emotional difficulties in children, our findings open avenues for future research in human and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Galera
- Departments of Public Health and Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bordeaux Population Health Center, Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Perrens, Bordeaux, France; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Susana Barbosa
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Ophélie Collet
- Departments of Public Health and Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olfa Khalfallah
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Departments of Public Health and Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Perrens, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne-Laure Sutter-Dalley
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bordeaux Population Health Center, Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Perrens, Bordeaux, France
| | - Muriel Koehl
- Departments of Public Health and Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Neurocentre Magendie U1215, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lucile Capuron
- Departments of Public Health and Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Judith Van der Waerden
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sylvana Côté
- Departments of Public Health and Neurocampus, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bordeaux Population Health Center, Bordeaux, France; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Barbara Heude
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center, ORCHAD Team, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Glaichenhaus
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Laetitia Davidovic
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
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Gupta G, Deval R, Mishra A, Upadhyay S, Singh PK, Rao VR. Re-testing reported significant SNPs related to suicide in a historical high -risk isolated population from north east India. Hereditas 2020; 157:31. [PMID: 32680568 PMCID: PMC7368720 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-020-00144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic diathesis of suicide is supported by family and twin studies. Few candidate gene pathways are known, but does not explain fully the complexity of suicide genetic risk. Recent investigations opting for Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) resulted in finding additional targets, but replication remained a challenge. In this respect small isolated population approach in several complex disease phenotypes is found encouraging. The present study is an attempt to re-test some of the reported significant SNPs for suicide among a small historical high- risk isolated population from Northeast India. Methods Two hundred ten cases (inclusive of depressed, suicide attempter and depressed + suicide attempter) and 249 controls were considered in the present study which were evaluated for the psychiatric parameters. Sixteen reported significant SNPs for suicide behaviour were re-tested using association approach under various genetic models. Networking by GeneMANIA tool was used for function prediction of the associated genes. Results Seven SNPs (of 6 genes) remained significant in different genetic models. On networking genes with significant SNPs IL7, RHEB, CTNN3, KCNIP4, ARFGEF3 are found in interaction with already known candidate gene pathways while SNP rs1109089 (RHEB) gained further support from earlier expression studies. NUGGC gene is in complete isolation. Conclusions Small population approach in replicating significant SNPs is useful in complex phenotypes like suicide. This study explored the region-specific demographics of India by identifying vulnerable population for suicide via genetic association analysis in bringing into academic and administrative forum, the importance of suicide as a disease and its biological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly (U.P), India.,Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ravi Deval
- Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly (U.P), India
| | - Anshuman Mishra
- VBRI Innovation Centre, New Delhi, India.,Institute of Advanced Materials (IAAM), 59053, Ulrika, Sweden
| | - Shashank Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Invertis University, Bareilly (U.P), India
| | - Piyoosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Anthropology, Delhi University, Delhi, India.,Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V R Rao
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, India. .,Department of Anthropology, Delhi University, Delhi, India. .,Genome Foundation, Hyderabad, India.
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7
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Anjum S, Qusar MMAS, Shahriar M, Islam SMA, Bhuiyan MA, Islam MR. Altered serum interleukin-7 and interleukin-10 are associated with drug-free major depressive disorder. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020; 10:2045125320916655. [PMID: 32435448 PMCID: PMC7225792 DOI: 10.1177/2045125320916655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal expression of inflammatory cytokines in major depressive disorder (MDD) suggests the activation of an inflammatory process. The pattern of alterations in cytokine levels is still ambiguous. The present study aimed to evaluate interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) for their involvement in the pathophysiology of MDD and determine their relationships with depression risk. METHODS The study included 166 medication-free subjects: 84 MDD patients and 82 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). A qualified psychiatrist diagnosed patients and evaluated controls based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Hamilton depression rating scale (Ham-D) was used to measure the severity of depression in MDD patients. Serum IL-7 and IL-10 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS Compared with HCs, the serum levels of IL-7 were significantly decreased, whereas that of IL-10 increased in MDD patients. Moreover, the severity of depression is correlated with the altered levels of IL-7 and IL-10 in MDD patients. We found a negative correlation between IL-7 and Hamilton depression rating (Ham-D) scores (r = -0.580, p < 0.05), whereas there was a positive correlation between IL-10 and Ham-D scores (r = 0.555, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The altered levels of serum IL-7 and IL-10 in MDD patients may represent a homeostatic mechanism that enhances the inflammatory process during depression. The alterations of these cytokine levels in MDD and their association with the severity of depression support them as promising, but there may still be controversial factors for understanding the pathophysiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Anjum
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A Green Road, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh
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8
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Strawbridge R, Hodsoll J, Powell TR, Hotopf M, Hatch SL, Breen G, Cleare AJ. Inflammatory profiles of severe treatment-resistant depression. J Affect Disord 2019; 246:42-51. [PMID: 30578945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) contributes substantially to the burden of mood disorders and is undoubtedly an important subpopulation in whom there are clear unmet treatment needs. Despite a paucity of research focusing specifically on TRD, recent studies indicate that inflammatory activity may be particularly elevated in these patients. METHODS 36 patients with TRD were investigated longitudinally before and after undertaking a specialist inpatient treatment program. 27 inflammatory proteins were compared between patients and a matched sample of non-depressed controls, as well as between treatment responders and non-responders. Treatment outcomes were calculated from depression severity scores before and after admission, and at a long-term follow-up 3-12 months after discharge. RESULTS TRD patients had higher levels of numerous inflammatory proteins than controls, and elevated interleukins 6 and 8, tumour necrosis factor, c-reactive protein and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 were associated with poorer treatment outcomes. A separate set of proteins (either anti-inflammatory in nature or attenuated at baseline) showed increases during treatment, regardless of clinical response. Participants with the greatest elevations in inflammation tended to be older, more cognitively impaired and more treatment-resistant at baseline. LIMITATIONS The small sample and large number of comparisons examined in this study must be taken into account when interpreting these results. CONCLUSIONS However, this study provides empirical support for theories that more severe, chronic or treatment-resistant depressive disorders are associated with dysregulated inflammatory activity. If a predictor or predictors of response in TRD are established, improved and targeted care might be more reliably provided to this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Strawbridge
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - John Hodsoll
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy R Powell
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephani L Hatch
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony J Cleare
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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9
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Zhou Y, Xu Z, Yu Y, Cao J, Qiao Y, Qiao H, Suo G. Comprehensive analysis of the lncRNA-associated ceRNA network identifies neuroinflammation biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Omics 2019; 15:459-469. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mo00129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has highlighted the important roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuai Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Medical Optics
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Jiangsu
- China
| | - Zhongjuan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Jiangsu 215123
- China
| | - Yanzhen Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Jiangsu 215123
- China
| | - Junjun Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Jiangsu 215123
- China
| | - Yong Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Jiangsu 215123
- China
| | - Hong Qiao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences
- the University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Guangli Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Jiangsu 215123
- China
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