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Kumari R, Gibson H, Jarjees M, Turner C, Purcell M, Vučković A. The predictive value of cortical activity during motor imagery for subacute spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 148:32-43. [PMID: 36796284 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore whether cortical activation and its lateralization during motor imagery (MI) in subacute spinal cord injury (SCI) are indicative of existing or upcoming central neuropathic pain (CNP). METHODS Multichannel electroencephalogram was recorded during MI of both hands in four groups of participants: able-bodied (N = 10), SCI and CNP (N = 11), SCI who developed CNP within 6 months of EEG recording (N = 10), and SCI who remained CNP-free (N = 10). Source activations and its lateralization were derived in four frequency bands in 20 regions spanning sensorimotor cortex and pain matrix. RESULTS Statistically significant differences in lateralization were found in the theta band in premotor cortex (upcoming vs existing CNP, p = 0.036), in the alpha band at the insula (healthy vs upcoming CNP, p = 0.012), and in the higher beta band at the somatosensory association cortex (no CNP vs upcoming CNP, p = 0.042). People with upcoming CNP had stronger activation compared to those with no CNP in the higher beta band for MI of both hands. CONCLUSIONS Activation intensity and lateralization during MI in pain-related areas might hold a predictive value for CNP. SIGNIFICANCE The study increases understanding of the mechanisms underlying transition from asymptomatic to symptomatic early CNP in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Kumari
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Hannah Gibson
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mohammed Jarjees
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Department, Northern Technical University, Mosul 41002, Iraq
| | - Christopher Turner
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mariel Purcell
- Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Aleksandra Vučković
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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Shah VA, Cruz-Almeida Y, Roy A, Cenko E, Downey RJ, Ferris DP, Hass CJ, Reuter-Lorenz PA, Clark DJ, Manini TM, Seidler RD. Uneven terrain versus dual-task walking: differential challenges imposed on walking behavior in older adults are predicted by cognitive and sensorimotor function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.14.531779. [PMID: 36993462 PMCID: PMC10054936 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.531779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with declines in walking function. To understand these mobility declines, many studies have obtained measurements while participants walk on flat surfaces in laboratory settings during concurrent cognitive task performance (dual-tasking). This may not adequately capture the real-world challenges of walking at home and around the community. Here, we hypothesized that uneven terrains in the walking path impose differential changes to walking speed compared to dual-task walking. We also hypothesized that changes in walking speed resulting from uneven terrains will be better predicted by sensorimotor function than cognitive function. Sixty-three community-dwelling older adults (65-93 yrs old) performed overground walking under varying walking conditions. Older adults were classified into two mobility function groups based on scores of the Short Physical Performance Battery. They performed uneven terrain walking across four surface conditions (Flat, Low, Medium, and High unevenness) and performed single and verbal dual-task walking on flat ground. Participants also underwent a battery of cognitive (cognitive flexibility, working memory, inhibition) and sensorimotor testing (grip strength, 2-pt discrimination, pressure pain threshold). Our results showed that walking speed decreased during both dual-task walking and across uneven terrain walking conditions compared to walking on flat terrain. Participants with lower mobility function had even greater decreases in uneven terrain walking speeds. The change in uneven terrain speed was associated with attention and inhibitory function. Changes in both dual-task and uneven terrain walking speeds were associated with 2-point tactile discrimination. This study further documents associations between mobility, executive functions, and somatosensation, highlights the differential costs to walking imposed by uneven terrains, and identifies that older adults with lower mobility function are more likely to experience these changes to walking function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valay A Shah
- Dept. of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Dept. of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yenisel Cruz-Almeida
- Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Dept. of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arkaprava Roy
- Dept. of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Erta Cenko
- Dept. of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Dept. of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ryan J Downey
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel P Ferris
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chris J Hass
- Dept. of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - David J Clark
- Dept of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Todd M Manini
- Dept. of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rachael D Seidler
- Dept. of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Kumari R, Jarjees M, Susnoschi-Luca I, Purcell M, Vučković A. Effective Connectivity in Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6337. [PMID: 36080805 PMCID: PMC9460641 DOI: 10.3390/s22176337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to differentiate the effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) and central neuropathic pain (CNP) on effective connectivity during motor imagery of legs, where CNP is typically experienced. METHODS Multichannel EEG was recorded during motor imagery of the legs in 3 groups of people: able-bodied (N = 10), SCI with existing CNP (N = 10), and SCI with no CNP (N = 20). The last group was followed up for 6 months to check for the onset of CNP. Source reconstruction was performed to obtain cortical activity in 17 areas spanning sensorimotor regions and pain matrix. Effective connectivity was calculated using the directed transfer function in 4 frequency bands and compared between groups. RESULTS A total of 50% of the SCI group with no CNP developed CNP later. Statistically significant differences in effective connectivity were found between all groups. The differences between groups were not dependent on the frequency band. Outflows from the supplementary motor area were greater for the able-bodied group while the outflows from the secondary somatosensory cortex were greater for the SCI groups. The group with existing CNP showed the least differences from the able-bodied group, appearing to reverse the effects of SCI. The connectivities involving the pain matrix were different between able-bodied and SCI groups irrespective of CNP status, indicating their involvement in motor networks generally. SIGNIFICANCE The study findings might help guide therapeutic interventions targeted at the brain for CNP alleviation as well as motor recovery post SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Kumari
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mohammed Jarjees
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Department, Northern Technical University, Mosul 41002, Iraq
| | - Ioana Susnoschi-Luca
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Mariel Purcell
- Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Aleksandra Vučković
- Biomedical Engineering Research Division, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Almulla L, Al-Naib I, Ateeq IS, Althobaiti M. Observation and motor imagery balance tasks evaluation: An fNIRS feasibility study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265898. [PMID: 35320324 PMCID: PMC8942212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed at exploring the feasibility of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for studying the observation and/or motor imagination of various postural tasks. Thirteen healthy adult subjects followed five trials of static and dynamic standing balance tasks, throughout three different experimental setups of action observation (AO), a combination of action observation and motor imagery (AO+MI), and motor imagery (MI). During static and dynamic standing tasks, both the AO+MI and MI experiments revealed that many channels in prefrontal or motor regions are significantly activated while the AO experiment showed almost no significant increase in activations in most of the channels. The contrast between static and dynamic standing tasks showed that with more demanding balance tasks, relative higher activation patterns were observed, particularly during AO and in AO+MI experiments in the frontopolar area. Moreover, the AO+MI experiment revealed a significant difference in premotor and supplementary motor cortices that are related to balance control. Furthermore, it has been observed that the AO+MI experiment induced relatively higher activation patterns in comparison to AO or MI alone. Remarkably, the results of this work match its counterpart from previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Therefore, they may pave the way for using the fNIRS as a diagnostic tool for evaluating the performance of the non-physical balance training during the rehabilitation period of temporally immobilized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifah Almulla
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibraheem Al-Naib
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murad Althobaiti
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Putzolu M, Samogin J, Cosentino C, Mezzarobba S, Bonassi G, Lagravinese G, Vato A, Mantini D, Avanzino L, Pelosin E. Neural oscillations during motor imagery of complex gait: an HdEEG study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4314. [PMID: 35279682 PMCID: PMC8918338 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07511-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate differences between usual and complex gait motor imagery (MI) task in healthy subjects using high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) with a MI protocol. We characterized the spatial distribution of α- and β-bands oscillations extracted from hdEEG signals recorded during MI of usual walking (UW) and walking by avoiding an obstacle (Dual-Task, DT). We applied a source localization algorithm to brain regions selected from a large cortical-subcortical network, and then we analyzed α and β bands Event-Related Desynchronizations (ERDs). Nineteen healthy subjects visually imagined walking on a path with (DT) and without (UW) obstacles. Results showed in both gait MI tasks, α- and β-band ERDs in a large cortical-subcortical network encompassing mostly frontal and parietal regions. In most of the regions, we found α- and β-band ERDs in the DT compared with the UW condition. Finally, in the β band, significant correlations emerged between ERDs and scores in imagery ability tests. Overall we detected MI gait-related α- and β-band oscillations in cortical and subcortical areas and significant differences between UW and DT MI conditions. A better understanding of gait neural correlates may lead to a better knowledge of pathophysiology of gait disturbances in neurological diseases.
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Tsuchiya W, Nagao K, Moriya M. Motor Imagery and Frontal Head Oxygenation: An fNIRS Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1395:81-85. [PMID: 36527618 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14190-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) is a manifestation of mental movements, but it cannot be identified visually. Therefore, to a large extent, MI assessment has not yet been established. The present study aimed to investigate whether frontal oxy-Hb changes and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity during MI are associated with the psychometric scale assessment of MI and clarify the utility of each index in MI assessment. Thirty-one healthy men and women were included in this study, and Pocket NIRS Duo was used to assess frontal oxygenated hemoglobin levels during walking MI. Simultaneously, heart rate and sympathetic index (low and high frequency (LF/HF) during MI were evaluated using Chiryou Meijin, a heart rate frequency analyser. In addition, a psychometric scale evaluation was carried out in MC and VAS, and its correlation with oxy-Hb levels, heart rate (HR), and LF/HF was investigated. HRs and LF/HF during MI were significantly increased compared with those at rest. However, oxy-Hb levels during MI were not increased. There was a significant correlation between right oxy-Hb levels and mental chronometry (MC) during MI (r = -0.3, p < 0.05). HR and LF/HF were not correlated with MC. VAS was not correlated with oxy-Hb levels, HR, or LF/HF. The results of this study confirm an association between MI performance and frontal oxy-Hb changes and that brain activity is not necessarily elevated during MI. HR were significantly increased but did not show any association with MC.
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