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Liu H, Li X, Shi Y, Ye Z, Cheng X. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PRL-3: A Key Player in Cancer Signaling. Biomolecules 2024; 14:342. [PMID: 38540761 PMCID: PMC10967961 DOI: 10.3390/biom14030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatases are primarily responsible for dephosphorylation modification within signal transduction pathways. Phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) is a dual-specific phosphatase implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Understanding PRL-3's intricate functions and developing targeted therapies is crucial for advancing cancer treatment. This review highlights its regulatory mechanisms, expression patterns, and multifaceted roles in cancer progression. PRL-3's involvement in proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance is discussed. Regulatory mechanisms encompass transcriptional control, alternative splicing, and post-translational modifications. PRL-3 exhibits selective expressions in specific cancer types, making it a potential target for therapy. Despite advances in small molecule inhibitors, further research is needed for clinical application. PRL-3-zumab, a humanized antibody, shows promise in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Our review summarizes the current understanding of the cancer-related cellular function of PRL-3, its prognostic value, and the research progress of therapeutic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China;
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiao Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China;
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Zu Ye
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China;
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China;
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310022, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
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Terada A, Tsuda N, Tasaki S, Park J, Nasu H, Tasaki K, Katsuda T, Nishio S, Yamaguchi T, Sanada S, Akiba J, Kuwano M, Ono M, Ushijima K. N-Myc Downstream Regulated Gene-1 May Play an Important Role in the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer, in Its Association with Beta-Catenin. Kurume Med J 2023; 69:39-46. [PMID: 37793886 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms6912010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
NDRG1 is a nickel- and calcium-inducible gene that plays important roles in the primary growth of malignant tumors, as well as in invasion and metastasis. This study investigated the associations of NDRG1 expression with cell adhesion and other clinicopathological factors in ovarian cancer. The clinical records of 123 women who underwent surgery for ovarian cancer in our institute were reviewed retrospectively. The expression of NDRG1, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin in surgical specimens were evaluated immunohistochemically. The NDRG1 expression level was significantly associated with beta-catenin expression, peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvic cavity, lymph node metastasis, and FIGO stages. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association between the NDRG1 expression level and progression-free survival: high NDRG1 expression was related to poor survival. Our results suggest that the increased expression of NDRG1 is associated with cell adhesion and may be a poor prognostic indicator in women with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumu Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Naotake Tsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Shingo Tasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Jangmyong Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroki Nasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Kazuto Tasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Takahiro Katsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Shin Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | | | - Sakiko Sanada
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital
| | | | - Mayumi Ono
- Graduate School of Nursing, St.Mary's College
| | - Kimio Ushijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of Medicine
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Ferreira GA, Thomé CH, Izumi C, Grassi ML, Lanfredi GP, Smolka M, Faça VM, Candido Dos Reis FJ. Proteomic analysis of exosomes secreted during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and potential biomarkers of mesenchymal high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:232. [PMID: 38031074 PMCID: PMC10685605 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes cell signaling and morphology alterations, contributing to cancer progression. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles containing proteins involved in cell-cell communication, have emerged as a potential source of biomarkers for several diseases. METHODS Our aim was to assess the proteome content of exosomes secreted after EMT-induction to identify potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer classification. EMT was induced in the ovarian cancer cell line CAOV3 by treating it with EGF (10 ng/mL) for 96 h following 24 h of serum deprivation. Subsequently, exosomes were isolated from the supernatant using selective centrifugation after decellularization, and their characteristics were determined. The proteins present in the exosomes were extracted, identified, and quantified using Label-Free-Quantification (LFQ) via Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To identify potential biomarkers, the obtained proteomic data was integrated with the TGGA database for mRNA expression using principal component analysis and a conditional inference tree. RESULTS The exosomes derived from CAOV3 cells exhibited similar diameter and morphology, measuring approximately 150 nm, regardless of whether they were subjected to EMT stimulation or not. The proteomic analysis of proteins from CAOV3-derived exosomes revealed significant differential regulation of 157 proteins, with 100 showing upregulation and 57 downregulation upon EMT induction. Further comparison of the upregulated proteins with the TCGA transcriptomic data identified PLAU, LAMB1, COL6A1, and TGFB1 as potential biomarkers of the mesenchymal HGSOC subtype. CONCLUSIONS The induction of EMT, the isolation of exosomes, and the subsequent proteomic analysis highlight potential biomarkers for an aggressive ovarian cancer subtype. Further investigation into the role of these proteins is warranted to enhance our understanding of ovarian cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Aguiar Ferreira
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carolina Hassibe Thomé
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Clarice Izumi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lopes Grassi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pauperio Lanfredi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcus Smolka
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Vitor Marcel Faça
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Wisztorski M, Aboulouard S, Roussel L, Duhamel M, Saudemont P, Cardon T, Narducci F, Robin YM, Lemaire AS, Bertin D, Hajjaji N, Kobeissy F, Leblanc E, Fournier I, Salzet M. Fallopian tube lesions as potential precursors of early ovarian cancer: a comprehensive proteomic analysis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:644. [PMID: 37775701 PMCID: PMC10541450 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer worldwide. High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and deadliest subtype of ovarian cancer. While the origin of ovarian tumors is still debated, it has been suggested that HGSC originates from cells in the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), specifically the epithelial cells in the region of the tubal-peritoneal junction. Three main lesions, p53 signatures, STILs, and STICs, have been defined based on the immunohistochemistry (IHC) pattern of p53 and Ki67 markers and the architectural alterations of the cells, using the Sectioning and Extensively Examining the Fimbriated End Protocol. In this study, we performed an in-depth proteomic analysis of these pre-neoplastic epithelial lesions guided by mass spectrometry imaging and IHC. We evaluated specific markers related to each preneoplastic lesion. The study identified specific lesion markers, such as CAVIN1, Emilin2, and FBLN5. We also used SpiderMass technology to perform a lipidomic analysis and identified the specific presence of specific lipids signature including dietary Fatty acids precursors in lesions. Our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of ovarian cancer and confirms the fimbria origin of HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Wisztorski
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Soulaimane Aboulouard
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Lucas Roussel
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie Duhamel
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Saudemont
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Tristan Cardon
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Narducci
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, 59020, Lille, France
| | - Yves-Marie Robin
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, 59020, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lemaire
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, 59020, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Bertin
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, 59020, Lille, France
| | - Nawale Hajjaji
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
- Medical Oncology Department, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, 59020, Lille, France
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics & Biomarkers (CNMB), MorehouseSchool of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eric Leblanc
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Oscar Lambret Cancer Center, 59020, Lille, France.
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75000, Paris, France.
| | - Michel Salzet
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U-1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75000, Paris, France.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Ahmadi Teshnizi S, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Sharifi G. A review on the role of NDRG1 in different cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:6251-6264. [PMID: 37249826 PMCID: PMC10290039 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
NDRG1 is a member of the α/β hydrolase superfamily that resides in the cytoplasm and participates in the stress responses, hormone response, cell growth, and differentiation. Several studies have pointed to the importance of NDRG1 in the carcinogenesis. This gene has been found to be up-regulated in an array of cancer types such as bladder, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, endometrial, lung and liver cancers, but being down-regulated in other types of cancers such as colorectal, gastric and ovarian cancers. The current study summarizes the evidence on the role of NDRG1 in the carcinogenic processes in different types of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Teshnizi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Guive Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Kyaw KZ, Park J, Oh SH, Lee JY, Bae ES, Park HJ, Oh DC, Lee SK. Antimetastatic Activity of Apoptolidin A by Upregulation of N-Myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 1 Expression in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040491. [PMID: 37111248 PMCID: PMC10146635 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent tumors with high metastatic potential; consequently, finding new drug candidates that suppress tumor metastasis is essential. Apoptolidin A is a macrocyclic lactone produced by Amycolatopsis sp. DW02G. It exhibits significant cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines, but its effects on CRC cells remain unknown. Therefore, the present study investigated the antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities of apoptolidin A and its underlying molecular mechanisms in CRC cells. Apoptolidin A effectively inhibited CRC cell growth and colony formation. The induction of G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest was associated with the downregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 expression. Long-term exposure to apoptolidin A also induced apoptosis as confirmed by the downregulation and upregulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, respectively. Moreover, apoptolidin A effectively upregulated the suppressed expression of N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), a tumor suppressor gene, in a concentration-dependent manner in CRC cells. The antimetastatic potential of apoptolidin A was also correlated with the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, including the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, snail, and MMP9 in CRC cells. These findings suggest that apoptolidin A exerts antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities by regulating the NDRG1-activated EMT pathway in CRC cells.
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NDRG1 in Cancer: A Suppressor, Promoter, or Both? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235739. [PMID: 36497221 PMCID: PMC9737586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N-myc downregulated gene-1 (NDRG1) has been variably reported as a metastasis suppressor, a biomarker of poor outcome, and a facilitator of disease progression in a range of different cancers. NDRG1 is poorly understood in cancer due to its context-dependent and pleiotropic functions. Within breast cancer, NDRG1 is reported to be either a facilitator of, or an inhibitor of tumour progression and metastasis. The wide array of roles played by NDRG1 are dependent on post-translational modifications and subcellular localization, as well as the cellular context, for example, cancer type. We present an update on NDRG1, and its association with hallmarks of cancer such as hypoxia, its interaction with oncogenic proteins such as p53 as well its role in oncogenic and metastasis pathways in breast and other cancers. We further comment on its functional implications as a metastasis suppressor and promoter, its clinical relevance, and discuss its therapeutic targetability in different cancers.
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Xin W, Zhang J, Zhang H, Ma X, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang F. CLCA2 overexpression suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer cells through inactivation of ERK/JNK/p38-MAPK signaling pathways. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:44. [PMID: 36280802 PMCID: PMC9594891 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is an important malignant tumor threatening the physical and mental health of women in the world. As a new calcium activated chloride channel protein, calcium activated chloride channel (CLCA2) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development. But its role and exact regulatory mechanism in cervical cancer are still unclear. In our study, we found CLCA2 was significantly decreased in cervical cancer cells, and overexpression of CLCA2 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promotes apoptosis of cervical cancer cells, and CLCA2 inhibited EMT (Epithelial-mesenchymal transition) through an p38 / JNK / ERK pathway. The results in vivo were consistent with those in vitro. In conclusion, overexpression of CLCA2 inhibited the progression of cervical cancer in vivo and in vitro. This may provide a theoretical basis for CLCA2 as a new indicator of clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer or as a potential target of drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Xin
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Gynecology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 China ,grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Haibin Zhang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Gynecology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Xueyao Ma
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Gynecology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Yunzhong Zhang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Gynecology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Yufeng Li
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Gynecology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Fang Wang
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of Reproductive Medicine, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82, Cuiying Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030 China
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Krchniakova M, Paukovcekova S, Chlapek P, Neradil J, Skoda J, Veselska R. Thiosemicarbazones and selected tyrosine kinase inhibitors synergize in pediatric solid tumors: NDRG1 upregulation and impaired prosurvival signaling in neuroblastoma cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:976955. [PMID: 36160437 PMCID: PMC9490180 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.976955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are frequently used in combined therapy to enhance treatment efficacy and overcome drug resistance. The present study analyzed the effects of three inhibitors, sunitinib, gefitinib, and lapatinib, combined with iron-chelating agents, di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT) or di-2-pyridylketone-4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC). Simultaneous administration of the drugs consistently resulted in synergistic and/or additive activities against the cell lines derived from the most frequent types of pediatric solid tumors. The results of a detailed analysis of cell signaling in the neuroblastoma cell lines revealed that TKIs inhibited the phosphorylation of the corresponding receptor tyrosine kinases, and thiosemicarbazones downregulated the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, leading to a strong induction of apoptosis. Marked upregulation of the metastasis suppressor N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 (NDRG1), which is known to be activated and upregulated by thiosemicarbazones in adult cancers, was also detected in thiosemicarbazone-treated neuroblastoma cells. Importantly, these effects were more pronounced in the cells treated with drug combinations, especially with the combinations of lapatinib with thiosemicarbazones. Therefore, these results provide a rationale for novel strategies combining iron-chelating agents with TKIs in therapy of pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Krchniakova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Silvia Paukovcekova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Chlapek
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jakub Neradil
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jan Skoda
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jan Skoda, ; Renata Veselska,
| | - Renata Veselska
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jan Skoda, ; Renata Veselska,
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10
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Cathepsin K: A Versatile Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Various Cancers. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5963-5987. [PMID: 36005209 PMCID: PMC9406569 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a common malignant disease, is one of the predominant causes of diseases that lead to death. Additionally, cancer is often detected in advanced stages and cannot be radically cured. Consequently, there is an urgent need for reliable and easily detectable markers to identify and monitor cancer onset and progression as early as possible. Our aim was to systematically review the relevant roles of cathepsin K (CTSK) in various possible cancers in existing studies. CTSK, a well-known key enzyme in the bone resorption process and most studied for its roles in the effective degradation of the bone extracellular matrix, is expressed in various organs. Nowadays, CTSK has been involved in various cancers such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, bone cancer, renal carcinoma, lung cancer and other cancers. In addition, CTSK can promote tumor cells proliferation, invasion and migration, and its mechanism may be related to RANK/RANKL, TGF-β, mTOR and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clinically, some progress has been made with the use of cathepsin K inhibitors in the treatment of certain cancers. This paper reviewed our current understanding of the possible roles of CTSK in various cancers and discussed its potential as a biomarker and/or novel molecular target for various cancers.
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Chen L, Kong X, Fang Y, Paunikar S, Wang X, Brown JAL, Bourke E, Li X, Wang J. Recent Advances in the Role of Discoidin Domain Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 1 and Discoidin Domain Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 in Breast and Ovarian Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:747314. [PMID: 34805157 PMCID: PMC8595330 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.747314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinases (DDRs) are a class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and their dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases (including cancer, chronic inflammatory conditions, and fibrosis). The DDR family members (DDR1a-e and DDR2) are widely expressed, with predominant expression of DDR1 in epithelial cells and DDR2 in mesenchymal cells. Structurally, DDRs consist of three regions (an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular region containing a kinase domain), with their kinase activity induced by receptor-specific ligand binding. Collagen binding to DDRs stimulates DDR phosphorylation activating kinase activity, signaling to MAPK, integrin, TGF-β, insulin receptor, and Notch signaling pathways. Abnormal DDR expression is detected in a range of solid tumors (including breast, ovarian, cervical liver, gastric, colorectal, lung, and brain). During tumorigenesis, abnormal activation of DDRs leads to invasion and metastasis, via dysregulation of cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, secretion of cytokines, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Differential expression or mutation of DDRs correlates with pathological classification, clinical characteristics, treatment response, and prognosis. Here, we discuss the discovery, structural characteristics, organizational distribution, and DDR-dependent signaling. Importantly, we highlight the key role of DDRs in the development and progression of breast and ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shishir Paunikar
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - James A. L. Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Emer Bourke
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Xingrui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Zhang P, Lin Y, Liu Y. CLCA2 suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:776. [PMID: 34055075 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+-activated Cl- channel A2 (CLCA2), a tumor suppressor, is associated with the development of several cancers. However, little is known about CLCA2 in human cervical cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of CLCA2 on cervical cancer. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR was used to examine the mRNA expression levels of CLCA2 in eight pairs of cervical cancer tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate CLCA2 protein expression in 144 archived cervical cancer specimens. The association of the CLCA2 with clinicopathological parameters was statistically evaluated. Cell proliferation and invasion capability were examined by MTT and Transwell assays, respectively. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that CLCA2 expression was decreased in cervical cancer compared with that in adjacent normal tissues. The expression levels of CLCA2 in patients were correlated with tumor stage (P=0.028), tumor size (P=0.009), and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status (P=0.041). In addition, CLCA2 upregulation was associated with longer overall and recurrence-free survival time after surgery (P=0.016 and P=0.009, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that CLCA2 expression had a predictive value for overall survival of patients with cervical cancer (P=0.017 and P=0.025, respectively). Knockdown of CLCA2 by small interfering RNA suppressed tumor cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, CLCA2 was involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that CLCA2 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells, and that CLCA2 may be a potential therapeutic target of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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13
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Hämäläinen L, Bart G, Takabe P, Rauhala L, Deen A, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Kärkkäinen E, Kärnä R, Kumlin T, Tammi MI, Tammi RH. The calcium-activated chloride channel-associated protein rCLCA2 is expressed throughout rat epidermis, facilitates apoptosis and is downmodulated by UVB. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:605-615. [PMID: 33486586 PMCID: PMC8134295 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-01962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The rodent chloride channel regulatory proteins mCLCA2 and its porcine and human homologues pCLCA2 and hCLCA2 are expressed in keratinocytes but their localization and significance in the epidermis have remained elusive. hCLCA2 regulates cancer cell migration, invasion and apoptosis, and its loss predicts poor prognosis in many tumors. Here, we studied the influences of epidermal maturation and UV-irradiation (UVR) on rCLCA2 (previous rCLCA5) expression in cultured rat epidermal keratinocytes (REK) and correlated the results with mCLCA2 expression in mouse skin in vivo. Furthermore, we explored the influence of rCLCA2 silencing on UVR-induced apoptosis. rClca2 mRNA was strongly expressed in REK cells, and its level in organotypic cultures remained unchanged during the epidermal maturation process from a single cell layer to fully differentiated, stratified cultures. Immunostaining confirmed its uniform localization throughout the epidermal layers in REK cultures and in rat skin. A single dose of UVR modestly downregulated rClca2 expression in organotypic REK cultures. The immunohistochemical staining showed that CLCA2 localized in basal and spinous layers also in mouse skin, and repeated UVR induced its partial loss. Interestingly, silencing of rCLCA2 reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by UVR, suggesting that by facilitating apoptosis, CLCA2 may protect keratinocytes against the risk of malignancy posed by UVB-induced corrupt DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hämäläinen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - G Bart
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - P Takabe
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - L Rauhala
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Deen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - E Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Kärnä
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T Kumlin
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M I Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R H Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, N70211, Kuopio, Finland
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14
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GAB2 and GAB3 are expressed in a tumor stage-, grade- and histotype-dependent manner and are associated with shorter progression-free survival in ovarian cancer. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 15:57-70. [PMID: 32888136 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00582-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy and molecular mechanisms of its progression and metastasis are not completely understood. Some members of GAB (GRB2-associated binding) protein family have been reported to be involved in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in various cancer types. In the present study, we analyzed the expression of GAB proteins (GAB1, GAB2 and GAB3) in ovarian cancer compared to normal ovarian tissue, in terms of tumor stage, tumor grade and histological type. Differential expression analyses performed in R programming environment using multiple transcriptome datasets (n = 1449) showed that GAB1 expression is decreased in ovarian cancer independently of tumor stage, grade and histotype. Unlike GAB1, expression of GAB2 and GAB3 are increased from early stage to late stage and from low grade to high grade in epithelial ovarian cancer. GAB2 and GAB3 also showed histotype-dependent expression. GAB3 was computed as a top gene whose expression most significantly changed between tumor cells from primary tumor, metastases and ascites. High expression of GAB2 and GAB3 was shown to be associated with shorter progression-free survival in ovarian cancer. This study shows that GAB2 and GAB3 can be important regulators of tumor progression and metastasis in ovarian cancer.
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15
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Park KC, Paluncic J, Kovacevic Z, Richardson DR. Pharmacological targeting and the diverse functions of the metastasis suppressor, NDRG1, in cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 157:154-175. [PMID: 31132412 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 (NDRG1) is a potent metastasis suppressor that is regulated by hypoxia, metal ions including iron, the free radical nitric oxide (NO.), and various stress stimuli. This intriguing molecule exhibits diverse functions in cancer, inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration and angiogenesis by modulation of a plethora of oncogenes via cellular signaling. Thus, pharmacological targeting of NDRG1 signaling in cancer is a promising therapeutic strategy. Of note, novel anti-tumor agents of the di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone series, which exert the "double punch" mechanism by binding metal ions to form redox-active complexes, have been demonstrated to markedly up-regulate NDRG1 expression in cancer cells. This review describes the mechanisms underlying NDRG1 modulation by the thiosemicarbazones and the diverse effects NDRG1 exerts in cancer. As a major induction mechanism, iron depletion appears critical, with NO. also inducing NDRG1 through its ability to bind iron and generate dinitrosyl-dithiol iron complexes, which are then effluxed from cells. Apart from its potent anti-metastatic role, several studies have reported a pro-oncogenic role of NDRG1 in a number of cancer-types. Hence, it has been suggested that NDRG1 plays pleiotropic roles depending on the cancer-type. The molecular mechanism(s) underlying NDRG1 pleiotropy remain elusive, but are linked to differential regulation of WNT signaling and potentially differential interaction with the tumor suppressor, PTEN. This review discusses NDRG1 induction mechanisms by metal ions and NO. and both the anti- and possible pro-oncogenic functions of NDRG1 in multiple cancer-types and compares the opposite effects this protein exerts on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Chan Park
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Jasmina Paluncic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Discipline of Pathology and Bosch Institute, Medical Foundation Building (K25), The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
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16
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Zhang ZY, Zhang SL, Chen HL, Mao YQ, Li ZM, Kong CY, Han B, Zhang J, Chen YH, Xue W, Zhai W, Wang LS. The up-regulation of NDRG1 by HIF counteracts the cancer-promoting effect of HIF in VHL-deficient clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12853. [PMID: 32537867 PMCID: PMC7377940 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are thought to play important roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of VHL-deficient clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). METHODS The roles of HIF-1/2α in VHL-deficient clear cell renal cell carcinoma were evaluated by bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry staining and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The downstream genes that counteract the cancer-promoting effect of HIF were analysed by unbiased proteomics and verified by in vitro and in vivo assays. RESULTS There was no correlation between the high protein level of HIF-1/2α and the poor prognosis of ccRCC patients in our large set of clinical data. Furthermore, NDRG1 was found to be up-regulated by both HIF-1α and -2α at the cellular level and in ccRCC tissues. Intriguingly, the high NDRG1 expression was correlated with lower Furman grade, TNM stage and longer survival for ccRCC patients compared with the low NDRG1 expression. In addition, NDRG1 suppressed the expression of series oncogenes as well as the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of VHL-deficient ccRCC cells in vitro and vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that HIF downstream gene of NDRG1 may counteract the cancer-promoting effect of HIF. These results provided evidence that NDRG1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan-Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Yue Kong
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Shun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Whole-Period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer (SMHC), Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Shakya B, Yadav PN. Thiosemicarbazones as Potent Anticancer Agents and their Modes of Action. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:638-661. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191029130310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:Thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) are a class of Schiff bases usually obtained by the condensation of thiosemicarbazide with a suitable aldehyde or ketone. TSCs have been the focus of chemists and biologists due to their wide range of pharmacological effects. One of the promising areas in which these excellent metal chelators are being developed is their use against cancer. TSCs have a wide clinical antitumor spectrum with efficacy in various tumor types such as leukemia, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and bladder cancer. To obtain better activity, different series of TSCs have been developed by modifying the heteroaromatic system in their molecules. These compounds possessed significant antineoplastic activity when the carbonyl attachment of the side chain was located at a position α to the ring nitrogen atom, whereas attachment of the side chain β or γ to the heterocyclic N atom resulted in inactive antitumor agents. In addition, replacement of the heterocyclic ring N with C also resulted in a biologically inactive compound suggesting that a conjugated N,N,S-tridentate donor set is essential for the biological activities of thiosemicarbazones. Several possible mechanisms have been implemented for the anticancer activity of thiosemicarbazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Shakya
- Amrit Campus, Tribhuvan University, Thamel, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Paras Nath Yadav
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
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18
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Analysis of gene expression profiles of lung cancer subtypes with machine learning algorithms. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165822. [PMID: 32360590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer types worldwide and causes more than one million deaths annually. Lung adenocarcinoma (AC) and lung squamous cell cancer (SCC) are two major lung cancer subtypes and have different characteristics in several aspects. Identifying their differentially expressed genes and different gene expression patterns can deepen our understanding of these two subtypes at the transcriptomic level. In this work, we used several machine learning algorithms to investigate the gene expression profiles of lung AC and lung SCC samples retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus. First, the profiles were analyzed by using a powerful feature selection method, namely, Monte Carlo feature selection. A feature list, ranking all features according to their importance, and some informative features were obtained. Then, the feature list was used in the incremental feature selection method to extract optimal features, which can allow the support vector machine (SVM) to yield the best performance for classifying lung AC and lung SCC samples. Some top genes (CSTA, TP63, SERPINB13, CLCA2, BICD2, PERP, FAT2, BNC1, ATP11B, FAM83B, KRT5, PARD6G, PKP1) were extensively analyzed to prove that they can be differentially expressed genes between lung AC and lung SCC. Meanwhile, a rule learning procedure was applied on informative features to construct the classification rules. These rules provide a clear procedure of classification and show some different gene expression patterns between lung AC and lung SCC.
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19
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Corona RI, Seo JH, Lin X, Hazelett DJ, Reddy J, Fonseca MAS, Abassi F, Lin YG, Mhawech-Fauceglia PY, Shah SP, Huntsman DG, Gusev A, Karlan BY, Berman BP, Freedman ML, Gayther SA, Lawrenson K. Non-coding somatic mutations converge on the PAX8 pathway in ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2020. [PMID: 32332753 PMCID: PMC7181647 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15951-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional consequences of somatic non-coding mutations in ovarian cancer (OC) are unknown. To identify regulatory elements (RE) and genes perturbed by acquired non-coding variants, here we establish epigenomic and transcriptomic landscapes of primary OCs using H3K27ac ChIP-seq and RNA-seq, and then integrate these with whole genome sequencing data from 232 OCs. We identify 25 frequently mutated regulatory elements, including an enhancer at 6p22.1 which associates with differential expression of ZSCAN16 (P = 6.6 × 10-4) and ZSCAN12 (P = 0.02). CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of this enhancer induces downregulation of both genes. Globally, there is an enrichment of single nucleotide variants in active binding sites for TEAD4 (P = 6 × 10-11) and its binding partner PAX8 (P = 2×10-10), a known lineage-specific transcription factor in OC. In addition, the collection of cis REs associated with PAX8 comprise the most frequently mutated set of enhancers in OC (P = 0.003). These data indicate that non-coding somatic mutations disrupt the PAX8 transcriptional network during OC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario I Corona
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ji-Heui Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xianzhi Lin
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dennis J Hazelett
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Reddy
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marcos A S Fonseca
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Forough Abassi
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne G Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Sohrab P Shah
- Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- McGraw/Patterson Center for Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin P Berman
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew L Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Cedars-Sinai Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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20
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Zhao M, Liu Y, Qu H. Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes increases with copy number in multiple cancer types. Oncotarget 2017; 7:24688-99. [PMID: 27029057 PMCID: PMC5029734 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process through which epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells. EMT-implicated genes initiate and promote cancer metastasis because mesenchymal cells have greater invasive and migration capacities than epithelial cells. In this pan-cancer analysis, we explored the relationship between gene expression changes and copy number variations (CNVs) for EMT-implicated genes. Based on curated 377 EMT-implicated genes from the literature, we identified 212 EMT-implicated genes associated with more frequent copy number gains (CNGs) than copy number losses (CNLs) using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then by correlating these CNV data with TCGA gene expression data, we identified 71 EMT-implicated genes with concordant CNGs and gene up-regulation in 20 or more tumor samples. Of those, 14 exhibited such concordance in over 110 tumor samples. These 14 genes were predominantly apoptosis regulators, which may implies that apoptosis is critical during EMT. Moreover, the 71 genes with concordant CNG and up-regulation were largely involved in cellular functions such as phosphorylation cascade signaling. This is the first observation of concordance between CNG and up-regulation of specific genes in hundreds of samples, which may indicate that somatic CNGs activate gene expression by increasing the gene dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Yining Liu
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - Hong Qu
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
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21
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Efficient Regularized Regression with L0 Penalty for Variable Selection and Network Construction. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3456153. [PMID: 27843486 PMCID: PMC5098106 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3456153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Variable selections for regression with high-dimensional big data have found many applications in bioinformatics and computational biology. One appealing approach is the L0 regularized regression which penalizes the number of nonzero features in the model directly. However, it is well known that L0 optimization is NP-hard and computationally challenging. In this paper, we propose efficient EM (L0EM) and dual L0EM (DL0EM) algorithms that directly approximate the L0 optimization problem. While L0EM is efficient with large sample size, DL0EM is efficient with high-dimensional (n ≪ m) data. They also provide a natural solution to all Lp
p ∈ [0,2] problems, including lasso with p = 1 and elastic net with p ∈ [1,2]. The regularized parameter λ can be determined through cross validation or AIC and BIC. We demonstrate our methods through simulation and high-dimensional genomic data. The results indicate that L0 has better performance than lasso, SCAD, and MC+, and L0 with AIC or BIC has similar performance as computationally intensive cross validation. The proposed algorithms are efficient in identifying the nonzero variables with less bias and constructing biologically important networks with high-dimensional big data.
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22
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The molecular effect of metastasis suppressors on Src signaling and tumorigenesis: new therapeutic targets. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35522-41. [PMID: 26431493 PMCID: PMC4742122 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A major problem for cancer patients is the metastasis of cancer cells from the primary tumor. This involves: (1) migration through the basement membrane; (2) dissemination via the circulatory system; and (3) invasion into a secondary site. Metastasis suppressors, by definition, inhibit metastasis at any step of the metastatic cascade. Notably, Src is a non-receptor, cytoplasmic, tyrosine kinase, which becomes aberrantly activated in many cancer-types following stimulation of plasma membrane receptors (e.g., receptor tyrosine kinases and integrins). There is evidence of a prominent role of Src in tumor progression-related events such as the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the development of metastasis. However, the precise molecular interactions of Src with metastasis suppressors remain unclear. Herein, we review known metastasis suppressors and summarize recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of how these proteins inhibit metastasis through modulation of Src. Particular emphasis is bestowed on the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) and its interactions with the Src signaling cascade. Recent studies demonstrated a novel mechanism through which NDRG1 plays a significant role in regulating cancer cell migration by inhibiting Src activity. Moreover, we discuss the rationale for targeting metastasis suppressor genes as a sound therapeutic modality, and we review several examples from the literature where such strategies show promise. Collectively, this review summarizes the essential interactions of metastasis suppressors with Src and their effects on progression of cancer metastasis. Moreover, interesting unresolved issues regarding these proteins as well as their potential as therapeutic targets are also discussed.
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Xu H, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Pan Z, Lu Y, Liu P, Lu B. Identification of Cathepsin K in the Peritoneal Metastasis of Ovarian Carcinoma Using In-silico, Gene Expression Analysis. J Cancer 2016; 7:722-9. [PMID: 27076854 PMCID: PMC4829559 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinomas (OC) are often found in the advanced stage with wide peritoneal dissemination. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between primary ovarian carcinoma (POC) and peritoneal metastatic ovarian carcinomas (PMOC) may have diagnostic and therapeutic values. In this study, we identified 246 DEGs by in-silico analysis using microarrays for 153 POCs and 57 PMOCs. Pathway analysis shows that many of these genes are associated with lipid metabolism. Microfluidic, card-based, quantitative PCR validated 19 DEGs in PMOCs versus POCs (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry confirmed overexpression of MMP13, CTSK, FGF1 and GREM1 in PMOCs (p<0.05). ELISA detection indicated that serum CTSK levels were significantly increased in OCs versus controls (p<0.001). CTSK levels discriminated between OCs and healthy controls (ROC 0.739; range 0.685-0.793). Combining CA125 and HE4 with CTSK levels produced an improved specificity in the predictive of OCs (sensitivity 88.3%, specificity 92.0%, Youden's index 80.3%). Our study suggests that CTSK levels may be helpful in the diagnosis of primary, ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Xu
- 1. Institute of Bioinformatics, School of Agriculture & Biological Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Ma
- 2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, 4Gynecologic Oncology, 6Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- 2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, 4Gynecologic Oncology, 6Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.; 3. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yiwu Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zimin Pan
- 4. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Lu
- 4. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.; 5. Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- 5. Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingjian Lu
- 6. Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhang D, Chen P, Zheng CH, Xia J. Identification of ovarian cancer subtype-specific network modules and candidate drivers through an integrative genomics approach. Oncotarget 2016; 7:4298-309. [PMID: 26735889 PMCID: PMC4826206 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of cancer subtypes and associated molecular drivers is critically important for understanding tumor heterogeneity and seeking effective clinical treatment. In this study, we introduced a simple but efficient multistep procedure to define ovarian cancer types and identify core networks/pathways and driver genes for each subtype by integrating multiple data sources, including mRNA expression, microRNA expression, copy number variation, and protein-protein interaction data. Applying similarity network fusion approach to a patient cohort with 379 ovarian cancer samples, we found two distinct integrated cancer subtypes with different survival profiles. For each ovarian cancer subtype, we explored the candidate oncogenic processes and driver genes by using a network-based approach. Our analysis revealed that alterations in DLST module involved in metabolism pathway and NDRG1 module were common between the two subtypes. However, alterations in the RB signaling pathway drove distinct molecular and clinical phenotypes in different ovarian cancer subtypes. This study provides a computational framework to harness the full potential of large-scale genomic data for discovering ovarian cancer subtype-specific network modules and candidate drivers. The framework may also be used to identify new therapeutic targets in a subset of ovarian cancers, for which limited therapeutic opportunities currently exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Chun-Hou Zheng
- Co-Innovation Center for Information Supply and Assurance Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Institute of Health Sciences, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Information Supply and Assurance Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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25
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Cho Y, Yoon JH, Yoo JJ, Lee M, Lee DH, Cho EJ, Lee JH, Yu SJ, Kim YJ, Kim CY. Fucoidan protects hepatocytes from apoptosis and inhibits invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by up-regulating p42/44 MAPK-dependent NDRG-1/CAP43. Acta Pharm Sin B 2015; 5:544-53. [PMID: 26713269 PMCID: PMC4675821 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a traditional Chinese medicine suggested to possess anti-tumor effects. In this study the anti-metastatic effects of fucoidan were investigated in vitro in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells (Huh-7 and SNU-761) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and in vivo using a distant liver metastasis model involving injection of MH134 cells into spleen via the portal vein. Its ability to protect hepatocytes against bile acid (BA)-induced apoptosis was investigated in primary hepatocytes. Fucoidan was found to suppress the invasion of HCC cells through up-regulation of p42/44 MAPK-dependent NDRG-1/CAP43 and partly, under normoxic conditions, through up-regulation of p42/44 MAPK-dependent VMP-1 expression. It also significantly decreased liver metastasis in vivo. As regards its hepatoprotective effect, fucoidan decreased BA-induced hepatocyte apoptosis as shown by the attenuation of caspase-8, and -7 cleavages and suppression of the mobilization of caspase-8 and Fas associated death domain (FADD) into the death-inducing signaling complex. In summary, fucoidan displays inhibitory effects on proliferation of HCC cells and protective effects on hepatocytes. The results suggest fucoidan is a potent suppressor of tumor invasion with hepatoprotective effects.
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Key Words
- BA, bile acid
- CXCL, chemokine ligand
- Cultured hepatocyte
- DISC, death-inducing signaling complex
- DMEM, Dulbecco׳s modified Eagle׳s medium
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FADD, Fas associated death domain
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FCS, fetal calf serum
- Fucoidan
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GP, glypican
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Hepatoprotective
- Hypoxia
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- Invasion
- JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MTS, 3,4-(5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt
- NDRG, N-myc downstream-regulated gene
- NDRG-1/CAP43
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- SD, standard deviation
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- VMP, vacuole membrane protein
- VMP-1
- WME, William's medium E
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +82 2 2072 2228; fax: +82 2 743 6701.
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Hu ZY, Xie WB, Yang F, Xiao LW, Wang XY, Chen SY, Li ZG. NDRG1 attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of nasopharyngeal cancer cells via blocking Smad2 signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1876-86. [PMID: 26071641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) has been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis in different cancers. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains unknown. We found that NDRG1 expression level was high in nasopharyngeal cancer 5-8F cells but low in 5-8F-LN cells with lymphatic metastasis potential. Knockdown of NDRG1 by shRNA promoted 5-8F cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and its tumorigenesis in vivo. Moreover, NDRG1 deficiency induced an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of 5-8F cells as shown by an attenuation of E-cadherin and an induction of N-cadherin and vimentin expression. NDRG1 knockdown also enhanced Smad2 expression and phosphorylation. Smad2 signaling was attenuated in 5-8F cells but was significantly activated in 5-8F-LN cells. Knockdown of Smad2 restored E-cadherin but attenuated N-cadherin expression in NDRG1-deficient 5-8F cells, suggesting a reduction of EMT. Consistently, blockade of Smad2 in 5-8F-LN cells increased E-cadherin while diminishing N-cadherin and vimentin expression. These data indicate that Smad2 mediates the NDRG1 deficiency-induced EMT of 5-8F cells. In tumors derived from NDRG1-deficient 5-8F cells, E-cadherin expression was inhibited while vimentin and Smad2 were increased in a large number of cancer cells. Most importantly, NDRG1 expression was attenuated in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, resulted in a lower survival rate in patients. The NDRG1 was further decreased in the detached nasopharyngeal cancer cells, which was associated with a further reduced survival rate in patients with lymphatic metastasis. Taken together, these results demonstrated that NDRG1 prevents nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis and metastasis via inhibiting Smad2-mediated EMT of nasopharyngeal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li-Wei Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
| | - Zu-Guo Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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27
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Sun L, Lin P, Qin Z, Liu Y, Deng LL, Lu C. Hypoxia promotes HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell invasion via Snail-mediated MT1-MMP upregulation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1434-45. [PMID: 25681470 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215570205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer cell invasion under hypoxia remain unclear. Here we employed a 3D collagen model and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) invasion assay to explore the influence of hypoxia on ovarian cancer cell invasion. Hypoxia (both 1% O2 and CoCl2 150 and 250 µM) induced HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell invasion in 3D collagen and collagenolysis determined by hydroxyproline. Pretreatment with a hypoxia inducible factor-1α inhibitor, YC-1, or MMP inhibitor, GM6001, significantly inhibited 3D collagen invasion and degradation and cell proliferation. Hypoxia stimulated both mRNA and protein expressions of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and promoted MT1-MMP translocation to the cell surface in an YC-1 sensitive manner. MT1-siRNA transfection inhibited hypoxia-induced invasion, proliferation, and collagen degradation of cells in 3D collagen. Hypoxia stimulated Snail mRNA and protein expression as well as translocation to nucleus in an YC-1 sensitive manner. Overexpression of Snail with a recombinant plasmid in HO-8910PM cells resulted in an enhanced invasion in 3D collagen. Transfection with Snail-specific siRNA significantly decreased MT1-MMP expression and 3D collagen invasion. Hypoxia-treated cells significantly broke the upper CAM surface of 11-day-old chick embryos and infiltrated interstitial tissue, completely blocked in the presence of YC-1 or GM6001, or after MT1-MMP siRNA or Snail siRNA transfection. Together, these data suggest that hypoxia promotes HO-8910PM ovarian cancer cell traffic through 3D matrix via Snail-mediated MT1-MMP upregulation, a possible molecular mechanism of ovarian cancer cell invasion under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Sun
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University,Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Qin
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University,Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Yusi Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University,Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Deng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
| | - Changlian Lu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University,Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P. R. China
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28
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Bart G, Hämäläinen L, Rauhala L, Salonen P, Kokkonen M, Dunlop T, Pehkonen P, Kumlin T, Tammi M, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Tammi R. rClca2is associated with epidermal differentiation and is strongly downregulated by ultraviolet radiation. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:376-87. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Bart
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - L. Hämäläinen
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - L. Rauhala
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - P. Salonen
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Kokkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - T.W. Dunlop
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - P. Pehkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - T. Kumlin
- Department of Environmental Science; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - M.I. Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - S. Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - R.H. Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine; University of Eastern Finland; P.O. Box 1627 FI-70211 Kuopio Finland
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29
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Wang H, Zhang J, Sit WH, Lee CYJ, Wan JMF. Cordyceps cicadae induces G2/M cell cycle arrest in MHCC97H human hepatocellular carcinoma cells: a proteomic study. Chin Med 2014; 9:15. [PMID: 24872842 PMCID: PMC4036300 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-9-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cordyceps cicadae is a medicinal fungus that is often used for treating cancer. However, the anticancer mechanisms of C. cicadae are largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the anticancer mechanisms of C. cicadae against hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro using a proteomic approach. Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97H cells were treated with a water extract of C. cicadae (0, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL) for 48 h and harvested for cell viability assays. The significant differences in protein expression between control and C. cicadae-treated cells were analyzed by two-dimensional gel-based proteomics coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to investigate the cell cycle and cell death. The anticancer molecular mechanism was analyzed by whole proteome mapping. Results The water extract of C. cicadae (0, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL) inhibited the growth of MHCC97H cells in a dose-dependent manner via G2/M phase cell cycle arrest with no evidence of apoptosis. Among the identified proteins with upregulated expression were dynactin subunit 2, N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1, heat shock protein beta-1, alpha-enolase isoform 1, phosphatidylinositol transfer protein, and WD repeat-containing protein 1. Meanwhile, the proteins with downregulated expression were 14-3-3 gamma, BUB3, microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1, thioredoxin-like protein, chloride intracellular channel protein 1, ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5, xaa-Pro dipeptidase, enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1, protein-disulfide isomerase-related chaperone Erp29, hnRNP 2H9B, peroxiredoxin 1, WD-40 repeat protein, and serine/threonine kinase receptor-associated protein. Conclusion The water extract of C. cicadae reduced the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97H cells via G2/M cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Wang
- Food and Nutrition Division, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China ; School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Food and Nutrition Division, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wai-Hung Sit
- Food and Nutrition Division, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chung-Yung Jetty Lee
- Food and Nutrition Division, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jennifer Man-Fan Wan
- Food and Nutrition Division, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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30
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McCloskey CW, Goldberg RL, Carter LE, Gamwell LF, Al-Hujaily EM, Collins O, Macdonald EA, Garson K, Daneshmand M, Carmona E, Vanderhyden BC. A new spontaneously transformed syngeneic model of high-grade serous ovarian cancer with a tumor-initiating cell population. Front Oncol 2014; 4:53. [PMID: 24672774 PMCID: PMC3957277 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving screening and treatment options for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer has been a major challenge in cancer research. Development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, particularly for the most common subtype, high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), has been hampered by controversies over the origin of the disease and a lack of spontaneous HGSC models to resolve this controversy. Over long-term culture in our laboratory, an ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cell line spontaneously transformed OSE (STOSE). The objective of this study was to determine if the STOSE cell line is a good model of HGSC. STOSE cells grow faster than early passage parental M0505 cells with a doubling time of 13 and 48 h, respectively. STOSE cells form colonies in soft agar, an activity for which M0505 cells have negligible capacity. Microarray analysis identified 1755 down-regulated genes and 1203 up-regulated genes in STOSE compared to M0505 cells, many associated with aberrant Wnt/β-catenin and Nf-κB signaling. Upregulation of Ccnd1 and loss of Cdkn2a in STOSE tumors is consistent with changes identified in human ovarian cancers by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Intraperitoneal injection of STOSE cells into severe combined immunodeficient and syngeneic FVB/N mice produced cytokeratin+, WT1+, inhibin-, and PAX8+ tumors, a histotype resembling human HGSC. Based on evidence that a SCA1+ stem cell-like population exists in M0505 cells, we examined a subpopulation of SCA1+ cells that is present in STOSE cells. Compared to SCA1- cells, SCA1+ STOSE cells have increased colony-forming capacity and form palpable tumors 8 days faster after intrabursal injection into FVB/N mice. This study has identified the STOSE cells as the first spontaneous murine model of HGSC and provides evidence for the OSE as a possible origin of HGSC. Furthermore, this model provides a novel opportunity to study how normal stem-like OSE cells may transform into tumor-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis W. McCloskey
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Reuben L. Goldberg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Carter
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa F. Gamwell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ensaf M. Al-Hujaily
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Olga Collins
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A. Macdonald
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth Garson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Manijeh Daneshmand
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Euridice Carmona
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Barbara C. Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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31
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Wang B, Li J, Ye Z, Li Z, Wu X. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 acts as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2279-85. [PMID: 24626771 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although implicated in a number of tumor types, the role of N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) in ovarian cancer (OC) is unclear. In the present study, we used short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to silence NDRG1 in the OC cell line OVCAR3 and assessed the effect of its knockdown on cell morphology, proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. To complement these knockdown studies, we overexpressed NDRG1 in the same cell line. We found that NDRG1 knockdown significantly enhanced OVCAR3 proliferation, migration and invasion; however, there were no apparent changes in cell morphology. We also examined the effect in vivo and found that NDRG1 depletion promoted OVCAR3 xenograft growth in nude mice. In accordance with these data, we found that NDRG1 overexpression decreased proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis, and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in OVCAR3 cells; expression of p21 and p53 was also increased. In conclusion, we demonstrated that NDRG1 acts as a tumor suppressor in ovarian carcinogenesis and may be a potential therapeutic target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Wang
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Li
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhanying Ye
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
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Song Y, Lv L, Du J, Yue L, Cao L. Correlation of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 subcellular localization and lymph node metastases of colorectal neoplasms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:241-6. [PMID: 23973486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In colorectal neoplasms, N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a primarily cytoplasmic protein, but it is also expressed on the cell membrane and in the nucleus. NDRG1 is involved in various stages of tumor development in colorectal cancer, and it is possible that the different subcellular localizations may determine the function of NDRG1 protein. Here, we attempt to clarify the characteristics of NDRG1 protein subcellular localization during the progression of colorectal cancer. We examined NDRG1 expression in 49 colorectal cancer patients in cancerous, non-cancerous, and corresponding lymph node tissues. Cytoplasmic and membrane NDRG1 expression was higher in the lymph nodes with metastases than in those without metastases (P<0.01). Nuclear NDRG1 expression in colorectal neoplasms was significantly higher than in the normal colorectal mucosa, and yet the normal colorectal mucosa showed no nuclear expression. Furthermore, our results showed higher cytoplasmic NDRG1 expression was better for differentiation, and higher membrane NDRG1 expression resulted in a greater possibility of lymph node metastasis. These data indicate that a certain relationship between the cytoplasmic and membrane expression of NDRG1 in lymph nodes exists with lymph node metastasis. NDRG1 expression may translocate from the membrane of the colorectal cancer cells to the nucleus, where it is involved in lymph node metastasis. Combination analysis of NDRG1 subcellular expression and clinical variables will help predict the incidence of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
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Proteolytic cleavage and truncation of NDRG1 in human prostate cancer cells, but not normal prostate epithelial cells. Biosci Rep 2013; 33:BSR20130042. [PMID: 23634903 PMCID: PMC3679596 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20130042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NDRG1 (N-myc downstream regulated gene-1) is a metastasis suppressor that is down-regulated in prostate cancer. NDRG1 phosphorylation is associated with inhibition of metastasis and Western blots indicate two bands at ~41 and ~46 kDa. Previous investigations by others suggest the higher band is due to NDRG1 phosphorylation. However, the current study using a dephosphorylation assay and the Phos-tag (phosphate-binding tag) SDS/PAGE assay, demonstrated that the 46 kDa NDRG1 protein band was not due to phosphorylation. Further experiments showed that the NDRG1 protein bands were not affected upon glycosidase treatment, despite marked effects of these enzymes on the glycosylated protein, fetuin. Analysis using RT–PCR (reverse transcriptase–PCR) demonstrated only a single amplicon, and thus, the two bands could not result from an alternatively spliced NDRG1 transcript. Western-blot analysis of prostate cancer cell lysates identified the 41 kDa band to be a truncated form of NDRG1, with MS confirming the full and truncated proteins to be NDRG1. Significantly, this truncated protein was not present in normal human PrECs (prostate epithelial cells). Western-blot analysis using anti-NDRG1 raised to its N-terminal sequence failed to detect the truncated protein, suggesting that it lacked N-terminus amino acids (residues 1–49). Sequence analysis predicted a pseudotrypsin protease cleavage site between Cys49–Gly50. Such cleavage of NDRG1 in cancer cells may result in loss of NDRG1 tumour suppressive activity.
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Bae DH, Jansson PJ, Huang ML, Kovacevic Z, Kalinowski D, Lee CS, Sahni S, Richardson DR. The role of NDRG1 in the pathology and potential treatment of human cancers. J Clin Pathol 2013; 66:911-7. [PMID: 23750037 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) has been well characterised to act as a metastatic suppressor in a number of human cancers. It has also been implicated to have a significant function in a number of physiological processes such as cellular differentiation and cell cycle. In this review, we discuss the role of NDRG1 in cancer pathology. NDRG1 was observed to be downregulated in the majority of cancers. Moreover, the expression of NDRG1 was found to be significantly lower in neoplastic tissues as compared with normal tissues. The most important function of NDRG1 in inhibiting tumour progression is associated with its ability to suppress metastasis. However, it has also been shown to have important effects on other stages of cancer progression (primary tumour growth and angiogenesis). Recently, novel iron chelators with selective antitumour activity (ie, Dp44mT, DpC) were shown to upregulate NDRG1 in cancer cells. Moreover, Dp44mT showed its antimetastatic potential only in cells expressing NDRG1, making this protein an important therapeutic target for cancer chemotherapy. This observation has led to increased interest in the examination of these novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Bae
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Sun J, Zhang D, Bae DH, Sahni S, Jansson P, Zheng Y, Zhao Q, Yue F, Zheng M, Kovacevic Z, Richardson DR. Metastasis suppressor, NDRG1, mediates its activity through signaling pathways and molecular motors. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1943-54. [PMID: 23671130 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), is negatively correlated with tumor progression in multiple neoplasms, being a promising new target for cancer treatment. However, the precise molecular effects of NDRG1 remain unclear. Herein, we summarize recent advances in understanding the impact of NDRG1 on cancer metastasis with emphasis on its interactions with the key oncogenic nuclear factor-kappaB, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/phosphorylated AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin and Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways. Recent studies demonstrating the inhibitory effects of NDRG1 on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a key initial step in metastasis, TGF-β pathway and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway are also described. Furthermore, NDRG1 was also demonstrated to regulate molecular motors in cancer cells, leading to inhibition of F-actin polymerization, stress fiber formation and subsequent reduction of cancer cell migration. Collectively, this review summarizes the underlying molecular mechanisms of the antimetastatic effects of NDRG1 in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Jakhesara SJ, Koringa PG, Joshi CG. Identification of novel exons and transcripts by comprehensive RNA-Seq of horn cancer transcriptome in Bos indicus. J Biotechnol 2013; 165:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ninio-Many L, Grossman H, Shomron N, Chuderland D, Shalgi R. microRNA-125a-3p reduces cell proliferation and migration by targeting Fyn. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:2867-76. [PMID: 23606749 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.123414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fyn, a member of the Src family kinases (SFKs), has a pivotal role in cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and survival, and its overexpression is associated with several types of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in post-transcriptional repression of protein expression. In light of the significant functions of Fyn, together with studies demonstrating miR-125a as a tumor-suppressing miRNA that is downregulated in several cancer cell types and on our bioinformatics studies presented here, we chose to examine the post-transcription regulation of Fyn by miR-125a-3p in the HEK 293T cell line. We show that Fyn expression can be dramatically reduced by elevated levels of miR-125a-3p. Following this reduction, the activity of proteins downstream of Fyn, such as FAK, paxillin and Akt (proteins known to be overexpressed in various tumors), is also reduced. On a broader level, we show that miR-125a-3p causes an arrest of the cell cycle at the G2/M stage and decreases cell viability and migration, probably in a Fyn-directed manner. The results are reinforced by control experiments conducted using Fyn siRNA and anti-miR-125a-3p, as well as by the fact that numerous cancer cell lines show a significant downregulation of Fyn after mir-125a-3p overexpression. Collectively, we conclude that miR-125a-3p has an important role in the regulation of Fyn expression and of its signaling pathway, which implies that it has a therapeutic potential in overexpressed Fyn-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihi Ninio-Many
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Kim BH, Park EY, Yoo KH, Choi KM, Kim Y, Seong JK, Park JH. N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 is involved in the regulation of cystogenesis in transgenic mice overexpressing human PKD2 gene. Proteomics 2013; 13:134-41. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hye Kim
- Department of Biological Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Biological Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Choi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics; College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Yona Kim
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics; College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Je kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics; College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
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Lv XH, Chen JW, Zhao G, Feng ZZ, Yang DH, Sun WW, Fan JS, Zhu GH. N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1/Cap43 may function as tumor suppressor in endometrial cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012; 138:1703-15. [PMID: 22678098 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) reportedly regulates tumor progression in various cancers. Our previous studies showed that NDRG1 was aberrantly overexpressed in human endometrial cancer tissues. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of NDRG1 in endometrial carcinogenesis. METHODS A short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated gene silencing strategy was employed to stably suppress the expression of NDRG1 in endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells. The influence of NDRG1 silencing on cancer cell biological behaviors was examined through observing in vitro tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and invasion. Moreover, the mammalian NDRG1 expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)/NDRG1 was constructed to determine the effects of NDRG1 overexpression on cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, gene expression microarray analysis was conducted to identify NDRG1 downstream target genes after NDRG1 knockdown. RESULTS It was demonstrated that NDRG1 knockdown significantly enhanced Ishikawa cell proliferation and dramatically promoted cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, overexpression of NDRG1 in Ishikawa cells greatly inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Through microarray analysis and data mining, a large cohort of NDRG1-repressed target genes were identified. Additionally, through comparing the current microarray results with those obtained previously in studies of cervical and ovarian cancer cells conducted by us, 19 more specific common downstream target genes were identified. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that NDRG1 might carry out a tumor suppressor function during endometrial carcinogenesis. The identification of downstream target genes should afford meaningful hints for prospective investigations. The tumor suppressor function of NDRG1 may open a new window for the target therapy of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Hong Lv
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai First People's Hospital, NO.85, Wujin Road, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
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Zhang SB, Song SP, Li B, Zhou YS, Zhang YD. Expression of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 in primary gallbladder carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological features and clinical outcome. Med Oncol 2011; 29:1866-72. [PMID: 21735144 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), a member of the N-myc downstream-regulated gene family, is induced under a wide variety of stress and cell growth-regulatory conditions. In several cancers, recent studies have shown its association with inhibition of tumor metastasis and suggested it to be a tumor suppressor gene. However, its significance in primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) has not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate NDRG1 expression in PGC and its prognostic significance. We examined NDRG1 expression in tumor specimens from 138 patients with PGC by immunohistochemistry and analyzed the correlation between NDRG1 expression and clinicopathologic factors or survival. NDRG1 was expressed in 63.8% of PGC but not in the normal epithelium of the gallbladder, remarkably at the invasive front of the tumors. In addition, NDRG1 expression was significantly associated with high histologic grade, advanced pathologic T stage and clinical stage, positive nodal metastasis and venous/lymphatic invasion. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier curves showed that NDRG1 over-expression was significantly related to poor overall and disease-free survival (both P = 0.02). Furthermore, multivariate analyses showed that NDRG1 expression (hazard ratio, 3.338; P = 0.02) and clinical stage (hazard ratio, 3.128; P = 0.03) were independent risk factors for disease-free survival. Our data demonstrate for the first time that NDRG1 expression in PGC was significantly correlated with unfavorable clinicopathologic features and an independent poor prognostic factor for disease-free survival in patients. Taken together, our findings suggest that NDRG1 expression could be used as a novel prognostic factor for patient survival and might be a potential therapeutic target in PGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-bin Zhang
- National Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Center of Ministry of Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road 87, Changsha, Hunan, China
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