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Gong X, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Liu R, Wu J, Zhang N, Zou Y, Zhao W, Huo R, Cui R. The Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes on Metabolic Reprogramming in Scar Formation and Wound Healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:9871-9887. [PMID: 39345908 PMCID: PMC11438468 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s480901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathological scarring results from aberrant cutaneous wound healing due to the overactivation of biological behaviors of human skin fibroblasts, characterized by local inordinate inflammation, excessive extracellular matrix and collagen deposition. Yet, its underlying pathogenesis opinions vary, which could be caused by increased local mechanical tension, enhanced and continuous inflammation, gene mutation, as well as cellular metabolic disorder, etc. Metabolic reprogramming is the process by which the metabolic pattern of cells undergoes a systematic adjustment and transformation to adapt to the changes of the external environment and meet the needs of their growth and differentiation. Therefore, the abnormality of metabolic reprogramming in cells within wounds and scars attaches great importance to scar formation. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) are the extracellular vesicles that play an important role in tissue repair, cancer treatment as well as immune and metabolic regulation. However, there is not a systematic work to detail the relevant studies. Herein, we gave a comprehensive summary of the existing research on three main metabolisms, including glycometabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and MSC-Exo regulating metabolic reprogramming in wound healing and scar formation for further research reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangan Gong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanxin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxian Zou
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongtao Cui
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Primerano A, De Domenico E, Cianfarani F, De Luca N, Floriddia G, Teson M, Cristofoletti C, Cardarelli S, Scaglione GL, Baldini E, Cangelosi D, Uva P, Reinoso Sánchez JF, Roubaty C, Dengjel J, Nyström A, Mastroeni S, Ulisse S, Castiglia D, Odorisio T. Histone deacetylase inhibition mitigates fibrosis-driven disease progression in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Br J Dermatol 2024; 191:568-579. [PMID: 38820176 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljae225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a blistering disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding type VII collagen (C7). RDEB is associated with fibrosis, which is responsible for severe complications. The phenotypic variability observed in siblings with RDEB suggests that epigenetic modifications contribute to disease severity. Identifying epigenetic changes may help to uncover molecular mechanisms underlying RDEB pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVES To investigate histone acetylation in RDEB skin and to explore histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) as therapeutic molecules capable of counteracting fibrosis and disease progression in RDEB mice. METHODS Acetylated histone levels were detected in human skin by immunofluorescence and in RDEB fibroblasts by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effects of givinostat and valproic acid (VPA) on RDEB fibroblast fibrotic behaviour were assessed by a collagen-gel contraction assay, Western blot and immunocytofluorescence for α-smooth muscle actin, and ELISA for released transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. RNA sequencing was performed in HDACi- and vehicle-treated RDEB fibroblasts. VPA was systemically administered to RDEB mice and effects on overt phenotype were monitored. Fibrosis was investigated in the skin using histological and immunofluorescence analyses. Eye and tongue defects were examined microscopically. Mass spectrometry proteomics was performed on skin protein extracts from VPA-treated RDEB and control mice. RESULTS Histone acetylation decreases in RDEB skin and primary fibroblasts. RDEB fibroblasts treated with HDACi lowered fibrotic traits, including contractility, TGF-β1 release and proliferation. VPA administration to RDEB mice mitigated severe manifestations affecting the eyes and paws. These effects were associated with fibrosis inhibition. Proteomic analysis of mouse skin revealed that VPA almost normalized protein sets involved in protein synthesis and immune response, processes linked to the increased susceptibility to cancer and bacterial infections seen in people with RDEB. CONCLUSIONS Dysregulated histone acetylation contributes to RDEB pathogenesis by facilitating the progression of fibrosis. Repurposing of HDACi could be considered for disease-modifying treatments in RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Naomi De Luca
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Teson
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Cardarelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Enke Baldini
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Cangelosi
- Clinical Bioinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Uva
- Clinical Bioinformatics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Carole Roubaty
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Odorisio
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Miguel V, Alcalde-Estévez E, Sirera B, Rodríguez-Pascual F, Lamas S. Metabolism and bioenergetics in the pathophysiology of organ fibrosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:85-105. [PMID: 38838921 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the tissue scarring characterized by excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, mainly collagens. A fibrotic response can take place in any tissue of the body and is the result of an imbalanced reaction to inflammation and wound healing. Metabolism has emerged as a major driver of fibrotic diseases. While glycolytic shifts appear to be a key metabolic switch in activated stromal ECM-producing cells, several other cell types such as immune cells, whose functions are intricately connected to their metabolic characteristics, form a complex network of pro-fibrotic cellular crosstalk. This review purports to clarify shared and particular cellular responses and mechanisms across organs and etiologies. We discuss the impact of the cell-type specific metabolic reprogramming in fibrotic diseases in both experimental and human pathology settings, providing a rationale for new therapeutic interventions based on metabolism-targeted antifibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Miguel
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Alcalde-Estévez
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Belén Sirera
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Pascual
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
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Kidzeru EB, Sinkala M, Chalwa T, Matobole R, Alkelani M, Ghasemishahrestani Z, Mbandi SK, Blackburn J, Tabb DL, Adeola HA, Khumalo NP, Bayat A. Subcellular Fractionation and Metaproteogenomic Identification and Validation of Key Differentially Expressed Molecular Targets for Keloid Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01972-9. [PMID: 39122141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Keloid disease (KD) is a common connective tissue disorder of unknown aetiopathogenesis with ill-defined treatment. Keloid scars present as exophytic fibroproliferative reticular lesions postcutaneous injury, and even though KD remains neoplastically benign, keloid lesions behave locally aggressive, invasive and expansive. To date, there is limited understanding and validation of biomarkers identified through combined proteomic and genomic evaluation of KD. Therefore, the aim in this study was to identify putative causative candidates in KD by performing a comprehensive proteomics analysis of subcellular fractions as well as the whole cell, coupled with transcriptomics data analysis of normal compared with KD fibroblasts. We then applied novel integrative bioinformatics analysis to demonstrate that NF-kB-p65 (RELA) from the cytosolic fraction and CAPN2 from the whole-cell lysate were statistically significantly upregulated in KD and associated with alterations in relevant key signaling pathways, including apoptosis. Our findings were further confirmed by showing upregulation of both RELA and CAPN2 in KD using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, functional evaluation using real-time cell analysis and flow cytometry demonstrated that both omeprazole and dexamethasone inhibited the growth of KD fibroblasts by enhancing the rate of apoptosis. In conclusion, subcellular fractionation and metaproteogenomic analyses have identified, to our knowledge, 2 previously unreported biomarkers of significant relevance to keloid diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis B Kidzeru
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII), Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP), Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Musalula Sinkala
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Temwani Chalwa
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Relebohile Matobole
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Madeha Alkelani
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zeinab Ghasemishahrestani
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanley K Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Blackburn
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David L Tabb
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Bioinformatics Unit, South African Tuberculosis Bioinformatics Initiative, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henry Ademola Adeola
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Chalwa T, Lebeko M, Matobole R, P Khumalo N, Bayat A. Enhanced bioenergetic cellular activity with metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis in Keloid and Folliculitis Keloidalis Nuchae. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:412. [PMID: 38878082 PMCID: PMC11180017 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
Keloid scars and folliculitis keloidalis nuchae (FKN) are benign fibroproliferative dermal lesions of unknown aetiology and ill-defined treatment, which typically present in genetically susceptible individuals. Their pathognomonic hallmarks include local aggressive invasive behaviour plus high recurrence post-therapy. In view of this, we investigated proliferative and key parameters of bioenergetic cellular characteristics of site-specific keloid-derived fibroblasts (intra(centre)- and peri(margin)-lesional) and FKN compared to normal skin and normal flat non-hypertrophic scar fibroblasts as negative controls.The results showed statistically significant (P < 0.01) and variable growth dynamics with increased proliferation and migration in keloid fibroblasts, while FKN fibroblasts showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in proliferation but similar migration profile to controls. A statistically significant metabolic switch towards aerobic glycolysis in the fibroblasts from the disease conditions was noted. Furthermore, an increase in basal glycolysis with a concomitant increase in the cellular maximum glycolytic capacity was also demonstrated in perilesional keloid and FKN fibroblasts (P < 0.05). Mitochondrial function parameters showed increased oxidative phosphorylation in the disease conditions (P < 0.05) indicating functional mitochondria. These findings further suggest that Keloids and FKN demonstrate a switch to a metabolic phenotype of aerobic glycolysis. Increased glycolytic flux inhibition is a potential mechanistic basis for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temwani Chalwa
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maribanyana Lebeko
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Relebohile Matobole
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- MRC-SA Wound Healing and Keloid Research Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Lu B, Deng Z, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Zhang J. Hydrogel Loaded with Components for Therapeutic Applications in Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:883-899. [PMID: 38293605 PMCID: PMC10824614 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s448667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars and keloids are common fibroproliferative diseases following injury. Patients with pathologic scars suffer from impaired quality of life and psychological health due to appearance disfiguration, itch, pain, and movement disorders. Recently, the advancement of hydrogels in biomedical fields has brought a variety of novel materials, methods and therapeutic targets for treating hypertrophic scars and keloids, which exhibit broad prospects. This review has summarized current research on hydrogels and loaded components used in preventing and treating hypertrophic scars and keloids. These hydrogels attenuate keloid and hypertrophic scar formation and progression by loading organic chemicals, drugs, or bioactive molecules (such as growth factors, genes, proteins/peptides, and stem cells/exosomes). Among them, smart hydrogels (a very promising method for loading many types of bioactive components) are currently favoured by researchers. In addition, combining hydrogels and current therapy (such as laser or radiation therapy, etc.) could improve the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. Then, the difficulties and limitations of the current research and possible suggestions for improvement are listed. Moreover, we also propose novel strategies for facilitating the construction of target multifunctional hydrogels in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youfan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beibei Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Lee Y, Ito Y, Taniguchi K, Nuri T, Lee S, Ueda K. Experimental Study of Warburg Effect in Keloid Nodules: Implication for Downregulation of miR-133b. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e5202. [PMID: 37593704 PMCID: PMC10431320 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Background A keloid is composed of several nodules, which are divided into two zones: the central zone (CZ; a hypoxic region) and the marginal zone (MZ; a normoxic region). Keloid nodules play a key role in energy metabolic activity for continuous growth by increasing in number and total area. In this study, we aimed to investigate the roles of the zones in the execution of the Warburg effect and identify which microRNAs regulate this phenomenon in keloid tissue. Methods Eleven keloids from patients were used. Using immunohistochemical analysis, 179 nodules were randomly chosen from these keloids to identify glycolytic enzymes, autophagic markers, pyruvate kinase M (PKM) 1/2, and polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1). Western blot and qRT-PCR tests were also performed for PKM, PTBP1, and microRNAs (miR-133b and miR-200b, c). Results Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of the autophagic (LC3, p62) and glycolytic (GLUT1, HK2) were significantly higher in the CZ than in the MZ. PKM2 expression was significantly higher than PKM1 expression in keloid nodules. Furthermore, PKM2 expression was higher in the CZ than in the MZ. However, PKM1 and PTBP1 expression levels were higher in the MZ than in the CZ. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that miR-133b-3p was moderately downregulated in the keloids compared with its expression in the normal skin tissue. Conclusions The Warburg effect occurred individually in nodules. The MZ presented PKM2-positive fibroblasts produced by activated PTBP1. In the CZ, PKM2-positive fibroblasts produced lactate. MiR-133b-3p was predicted to control the Warburg effect in keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuumi Lee
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Ito
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Center for Medical Research & Development, Division of Translational Research, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nuri
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - SangWoong Lee
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Ueda
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
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Kidzeru EB, Lebeko M, Sharma JR, Nkengazong L, Adeola HA, Ndlovu H, P Khumalo N, Bayat A. Immune cells and associated molecular markers in dermal fibrosis with focus on raised cutaneous scars. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:570-587. [PMID: 36562321 PMCID: PMC10947010 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Raised dermal scars including hypertrophic, and keloid scars as well as scalp-associated fibrosing Folliculitis Keloidalis Nuchae (FKN) are a group of fibrotic raised dermal lesions that mostly occur following cutaneous injury. They are characterized by increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, primarily excessive collagen type 1 production by hyperproliferative fibroblasts. The extent of ECM deposition is thought to be proportional to the severity of local skin inflammation leading to excessive fibrosis of the dermis. Due to a lack of suitable study models, therapy for raised dermal scars remains ill-defined. Immune cells and their associated markers have been strongly associated with dermal fibrosis. Therefore, modulation of the immune system and use of anti-inflammatory cytokines are of potential interest in the management of dermal fibrosis. In this review, we will discuss the importance of immune factors in the pathogenesis of raised dermal scarring. The aim here is to provide an up-to-date comprehensive review of the literature, from PubMed, Scopus, and other relevant search engines in order to describe the known immunological factors associated with raised dermal scarring. The importance of immune cells including mast cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and relevant molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, antibodies, transcription factors, and other immune-associated molecules as well as tissue lymphoid aggregates identified within raised dermal scars will be presented. A growing body of evidence points to a shift from proinflammatory Th1 response to regulatory/anti-inflammatory Th2 response being associated with the development of fibrogenesis in raised dermal scarring. In summary, a better understanding of immune cells and associated molecular markers in dermal fibrosis will likely enable future development of potential immune-modulated therapeutic, diagnostic, and theranostic targets in raised dermal scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Banboye Kidzeru
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII)Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP)Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and InnovationYaoundéCameroon
| | - Maribanyana Lebeko
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Present address:
Cape Biologix Technologies (PTY, LTD)Cape TownSouth Africa
| | - Jyoti Rajan Sharma
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow ValleyCape TownSouth Africa
- Present address:
Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow ValleyCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Lucia Nkengazong
- Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology Laboratory (LAMMII)Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies (CRSPP)Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and InnovationYaoundéCameroon
| | - Henry Ademola Adeola
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Hlumani Ndlovu
- Department of Integrative Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Wound Healing And Keloid Scar Unit, Medical Research Council (South Africa), Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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Marcucci F, Rumio C. On the Role of Glycolysis in Early Tumorigenesis-Permissive and Executioner Effects. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081124. [PMID: 37190033 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming energy production from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis is now considered a hallmark of cancer. When tumors grow beyond a certain size they give rise to changes in their microenvironment (e.g., hypoxia, mechanical stress) that are conducive to the upregulation of glycolysis. Over the years, however, it has become clear that glycolysis can also associate with the earliest steps of tumorigenesis. Thus, many of the oncoproteins most commonly involved in tumor initiation and progression upregulate glycolysis. Moreover, in recent years, considerable evidence has been reported suggesting that upregulated glycolysis itself, through its enzymes and/or metabolites, may play a causative role in tumorigenesis, either by acting itself as an oncogenic stimulus or by facilitating the appearance of oncogenic mutations. In fact, several changes induced by upregulated glycolysis have been shown to be involved in tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: glycolysis-induced chromatin remodeling, inhibition of premature senescence and induction of proliferation, effects on DNA repair, O-linked N-acetylglucosamine modification of target proteins, antiapoptotic effects, induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition or autophagy, and induction of angiogenesis. In this article we summarize the evidence that upregulated glycolysis is involved in tumor initiation and, in the following, we propose a mechanistic model aimed at explaining how upregulated glycolysis may play such a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Marcucci
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Rumio
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Trentacoste 2, 20134 Milan, Italy
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10
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PTB Regulates the Metabolic Pathways and Cell Function of Keloid Fibroblasts through Alternative Splicing of PKM. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065162. [PMID: 36982238 PMCID: PMC10049504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids, benign fibroproliferative cutaneous lesions, are characterized by abnormal growth and reprogramming of the metabolism of keloid fibroblasts (KFb). However, the underlying mechanisms of this kind of metabolic abnormality have not been identified. Our study aimed to investigate the molecules involved in aerobic glycolysis and its exact regulatory mechanisms in KFb. We discovered that polypyrimidine tract binding (PTB) was significantly upregulated in keloid tissues. siRNA silencing of PTB decreased the mRNA levels and protein expression levels of key glycolytic enzymes and corrected the dysregulation of glucose uptake and lactate production. In addition, mechanistic studies demonstrated that PTB promoted a change from pyruvate kinase muscle 1 (PKM1) to PKM2, and silencing PKM2 substantially reduced the PTB-induced increase in the flow of glycolysis. Moreover, PTB and PKM2 could also regulate the key enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Assays of cell function demonstrated that PTB promoted the proliferation and migration of KFb in vitro, and this phenomenon could be interrupted by PKM2 silencing. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PTB regulates aerobic glycolysis and the cell functions of KFb via alternative splicing of PKM.
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11
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Lee CC, Tsai CH, Chen CH, Yeh YC, Chung WH, Chen CB. An updated review of the immunological mechanisms of keloid scars. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117630. [PMID: 37033989 PMCID: PMC10075205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a type of disfiguring pathological scarring unique to human skin. The disorder is characterized by excessive collagen deposition. Immune cell infiltration is a hallmark of both normal and pathological tissue repair. However, the immunopathological mechanisms of keloid remain unclear. Recent studies have uncovered the pivotal role of both innate and adaptive immunity in modulating the aberrant behavior of keloid fibroblasts. Several novel therapeutics attempting to restore regulation of the immune microenvironment have shown variable efficacy. We review the current understanding of keloid immunopathogenesis and highlight the potential roles of immune pathway-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chun Lee
- 1 Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chun-Bing Chen, ;
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12
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Demeter JB, Elshaarrawi A, Dowker‐Key PD, Bettaieb A. The emerging role of
PKM
in keratinocyte homeostasis and pathophysiology. FEBS J 2022; 290:2311-2319. [PMID: 36541050 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased aerobic glycolysis in keratinocytes has been reported as a hallmark of skin diseases while its pharmacological inhibition restores keratinocyte homeostasis. Pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) isoforms are key enzymes in the glycolytic pathway and, therefore, an attractive therapeutic target. Simon Nold and colleagues used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to investigate the outcomes of PKM splicing perturbations and specific PKM1 or PKM2 deficiency in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Collectively, the study demonstrated different effects of PKM1 or PKM2 depletion on the reciprocal PKM isoform and on keratinocyte gene expression, metabolism and proliferation. Findings from this study provide novel insights into the role of PKM in keratinocyte homeostasis, warranting additional investigations into the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna B. Demeter
- Department of Nutrition The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - Ahmed Elshaarrawi
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | | | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
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13
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Zhou Z, Plug LG, Patente TA, de Jonge-Muller ESM, Elmagd AA, van der Meulen-de Jong AE, Everts B, Barnhoorn MC, Hawinkels LJAC. Increased stromal PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis in inflammatory bowel disease contributes to intestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:966067. [PMID: 36405760 PMCID: PMC9670190 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.966067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammation of the intestinal tract with currently not well-understood pathogenesis. In addition to the involvement of immune cells, increasing studies show an important role for fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of IBD. Previous work showed that glycolysis is the preferred energy source for fibroblasts in fibrotic diseases. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) is a key kinase supporting glycolysis. Increased expression of PFKFB3 in several cancers and inflammatory diseases has been previously reported, but the metabolic status of fibroblasts and the role of PFKFB3 in patients with IBD are currently unknown. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the role of glycolysis and PFKFB3 expression in IBD. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) revealed that glycolysis was significantly higher in IBD intestinal samples, compared to healthy controls, which was confirmed in the validation cohorts of IBD patients. Single-cell sequencing data indicated that PFKFB3 expression was higher in IBD-derived stromal cells. In vitro, PFKFB3 expression in IBD-derived fibroblasts was increased after the stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Using seahorse real-time cell metabolic analysis, inflamed fibroblasts were shown to have a higher extracellular acidification rate and a lower oxygen consumption rate, which could be reversed by inhibition of JAK/STAT pathway. Furthermore, increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in fibroblasts could be reverted by PFK15, a specific inhibitor of PFKFB3. In vivo experiments showed that PFK15 reduced the severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)- and Tcell transfer induced colitis, which was accompanied by a reduction in immune cell infiltration in the intestines. These findings suggest that increased stromal PFKFB3 expression contributes to inflammation and the pathological function of fibroblasts in IBD. Inhibition of PFKFB3 suppressed their inflammatory characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Leonie G. Plug
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thiago A. Patente
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Amir Abou Elmagd
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Bart Everts
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marieke C. Barnhoorn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lukas J. A. C. Hawinkels
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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14
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Meng X, Yu Z, Xu W, Chai J, Fang S, Min P, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z. Control of fibrosis and hypertrophic scar formation via glycolysis regulation with IR780. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac015. [PMID: 35769829 PMCID: PMC9227726 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scars (HS) represent one of the most common clinical challenges due to unsatisfactory therapeutic results. HS formation is associated with the abnormal activation of fibroblasts and their excessive fibrotic behavior. Glycolysis dysregulation has been shown to participate in the incidence and progression of various fibrotic diseases and shows potential as a means of controlling HS formation. This work aimed to discuss the impact of augmented glycolysis on HS and to propose a method for controlling HS formation through glycolysis regulation. Methods Here, augmented glycolysis was confirmed together with enhanced fibrotic activity in both HS fibroblasts (HFs) and HS tissues, and the suppression of glycolysis also attenuated fibroblast activation. We also introduced IR780, a heptamethine cyanine dye, to regulate glycolysis for the control of HS formation. Results In vitro, cell studies indicated that IR780 significantly down-regulated glycolysis and suppressed the fibrotic activity of HFs. In vivo, the intralesional injection of IR780 into rabbit HS models led to the downregulation of glycolysis and the control of HS formation. Furthermore, IR780 accumulated preferentially in activated fibroblasts in both in vitro and in vivo studies, and thus specifically downregulated glycolysis and efficiently controlled fibrosis by targeting activated fibroblasts. Conclusions This work identified a strategy for controlling fibrosis and HS formation from the perspective of glycolysis regulation with IR780 targeting of activated fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxian Meng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhixi Yu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wanyu Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jun Chai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Peiru Min
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yunsheng Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China
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15
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Shan M, Hao Y, Liu H, Chen Q, Liang Z. Advances in the pathogenesis and clinical application prospects of tumor biomolecules in keloid. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac025. [PMID: 35769828 PMCID: PMC9233200 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Keloid scarring is a kind of pathological healing manifestation after skin injury and possesses various tumor properties, such as the Warburg effect, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), expression imbalances of apoptosis-related genes and the presence of stem cells. Abnormal expression of tumor signatures is critical to the initiation and operation of these effects. Although previous experimental studies have recognized the potential value of a single or several tumor biomolecules in keloids, a comprehensive evaluation system for multiple tumor signatures in keloid scarring is still lacking. This paper aims to summarize tumor biomolecules in keloids from the perspectives of liquid biopsy, genetics, proteomics and epigenetics and to investigate their mechanisms of action and feasibility from bench to bedside. Liquid biopsy is suitable for the early screening of people with keloids due to its noninvasive and accurate performance. Epigenetic biomarkers do not require changes in the gene sequence and their reversibility and tissue specificity make them ideal therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, given the ethnic specificity and genetic predisposition of keloids, more large-sample multicenter studies are indispensable for determining the prevalence of these signatures and for establishing diagnostic criteria and therapeutic efficacy estimations based on these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhengyun Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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16
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Feng F, Liu M, Pan L, Wu J, Wang C, Yang L, Liu W, Xu W, Lei M. Biomechanical Regulatory Factors and Therapeutic Targets in Keloid Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906212. [PMID: 35614943 PMCID: PMC9124765 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are fibroproliferative skin disorder caused by abnormal healing of injured or irritated skin and are characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and deposition, which results in excessive collagen disorders and calcinosis, increasing the remodeling and stiffness of keloid matrix. The pathogenesis of keloid is very complex, and may include changes in cell function, genetics, inflammation, and other factors. In this review, we aim to discuss the role of biomechanical factors in keloid formation. Mechanical stimulation can lead to excessive proliferation of wound fibroblasts, deposition of ECM, secretion of more pro-fibrosis factors, and continuous increase of keloid matrix stiffness. Matrix mechanics resulting from increased matrix stiffness further activates the fibrotic phenotype of keloid fibroblasts, thus forming a loop that continuously invades the surrounding normal tissue. In this process, mechanical force is one of the initial factors of keloid formation, and matrix mechanics leads to further keloid development. Next, we summarized the mechanotransduction pathways involved in the formation of keloids, such as TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, integrin signaling pathway, YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and calcium ion pathway. Finally, some potential biomechanics-based therapeutic concepts and strategies are described in detail. Taken together, these findings underscore the importance of biomechanical factors in the formation and progression of keloids and highlight their regulatory value. These findings may help facilitate the development of pharmacological interventions that can ultimately prevent and reduce keloid formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Feng
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingying Liu
- School of Comprehensive Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianhong Pan
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaqin Wu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqian Liu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqian Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Mingxing Lei,
| | - Wei Xu
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Dermatology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Integrative Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqian Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Mingxing Lei,
| | - Mingxing Lei
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents “111” Base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanqian Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Mingxing Lei,
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17
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CircSLC8A1 targets miR-181a-5p/HIF1AN pathway to inhibit the growth, migration and extracellular matrix deposition of human keloid fibroblasts. Burns 2022; 49:622-632. [PMID: 35610079 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are identified as important regulators in human diseases, including keloid. The purpose of this study is to reveal the role and molecular mechanism of circSLC8A1 in keloid formation. METHODS Expression of circSLC8A1, microRNA (miR)-181a-5p, and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha inhibitor (HIF1AN) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Protein expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition markers and HIF1AN was detected by western blot analysis. Furthermore, the interaction between miR-181a-5p and circSLC8A1 or HIF1AN was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay and RNA pull-down assay. RESULTS Expression of circSLC8A1 was downregulated in keloid tissues and HKFs. Overexpression of circSLC8A1 suppressed HKFs proliferation, migration, ECM deposition, and promoted apoptosis. MiR-181a-5p is targeted by circSLC8A1, and its mimic reversed the effect of circSLC8A1 on the biological function of HKFs. HIF1AN was a target of miR-181a-5p, and it was positively regulated by circSLC8A1. Knockdown of HIF1AN also reversed the negatively regulation of circSLC8A1 on the biological functions of HKFs. CONCLUSION Our data showed that circSLC8A1 regulates the miR-181a-5p/HIF1AN axis to restrain HKFs biological functions, confirming that circSLC8A1 might serve as a novel therapeutic target for keloids.
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18
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Research update of adipose tissue-based therapies in regenerative dermatology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1956-1973. [PMID: 35230644 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have a spontaneous propensity to support tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Among the several sources of MSCs, adipose-derived tissue stem cells (ADSCs) have received major interest due to the higher mesenchymal stem cells concentration, ease, and safety of access. However, since a significant part of the natural capacity of ADSCs to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines, lipids, and extracellular matrix components, several studies focused on cell-free strategies. Furthermore, adipose cell-free derivatives are becoming more attractive especially for non-volumizing purposes, such as most dermatological conditions. However, when keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, adipocytes, and hair follicle cells might not be locally sourced, graft of materials containing concentrated ADSCs is preferred. The usage of extracellular elements of adipose tissue aims to promote a self-autonomous regenerative microenvironment in the receiving area restoring physiological homeostasis. Hence, ADSCs or their paracrine activity are currently being studied in several dermatological settings including wound healing, skin fibrosis, burn, and aging.The present work analyzing both preclinical and clinical experiences gives an overview of the efficacy of adipose tissue-derivatives like autologous fat, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), purified ADSCs, secretome and extracellular matrix graft in the field of regenerative medicine for the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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19
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Su Z, Jiao H, Fan J, Liu L, Tian J, Gan C, Yang Z, Zhang T, Chen Y. Warburg effect in keloids: A unique feature different from other types of scars. Burns 2022; 48:176-183. [PMID: 33766430 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Keloid fibroblasts (KFs) undergo reprogramming of the metabolic phenotype from oxidative phosphorylation to the Warburg effect. However, more studies are needed to demonstrate whether there is a Warburg effect in KFs and to determine whether there is a similar phenomenon in other types of scars or in the proliferative stage of scars. In our study, the mRNA and protein expression of key glycolytic enzymes, glucose consumption and lactate production in KFs, normal skin fibroblasts (NFs), atrophic scar fibroblasts (ASFs), proliferative stage scar fibroblasts (PSSFs), and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) were detected. In addition, the effects of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG, a glycolysis inhibitor) on cell proliferation in KFs and NFs were studied. We found that the mRNA and protein expression of key glycolytic enzymes in KFs were significantly upregulated compared with those in NFs. Glucose consumption and lactate production in KFs were also higher than that in NFs. However, we found no similar phenomenon in ASFs, PSSFs, or HSFs. When treated with 2mmol/l 2-DG, the cell viability of KFs decreased more than that of NFs. What's more, treatment with increasing concentrations of 2-DG could inhibit cell viability and migration of KFs in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the Warburg effect in KFs is a feature different from ASFs, PSSFs, or HSFs. Keloids are essentially different from other types of scars in terms of energy metabolism. This characteristic of KFs could provide new hope for the early diagnosis and treatment of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Su
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Jiao
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jincai Fan
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Gan
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zengjie Yang
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiran Zhang
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Ninth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Yakupova EI, Zorov DB, Plotnikov EY. Bioenergetics of the Fibrosis. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1599-1606. [PMID: 34937539 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921120099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It is known that the development of fibrosis is associated with many diseases, being both a cause and effect of the damage to organs and tissues. Replacement of functional tissue with a scar can lead to organ dysfunction, which is often a life-threatening condition. The development of effective approaches for the prevention or treatment of fibrosis requires an in-depth understanding of all aspects of its pathogenesis, from epithelial-mesenchymal transformation to fibroblast proliferation. Fibrosis can be induced by trauma, ischemic injury, inflammation, and many other pathological states accompanied by repeated cycles of tissue damage and repair. Energy metabolism is the basis of functioning of all cells in an organism and its disruptions are associated with the development of different diseases, hence, it could be a target for the therapy of such pathological processes as ischemia/reperfusion, epilepsy, diabetes, cancer, and neurological disorders. The emergence of fibrosis is also associated with the changes in cell bioenergetics. In this work, we analyzed the changes in the energy metabolism that occur with the progression of fibrosis and evaluated the possibility of affecting energetics as target in the anti-fibrotic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira I Yakupova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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21
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Zhang X, Zheng C, Gao Z, Wang L, Chen C, Zheng Y, Meng Y. PKM2 promotes angiotensin-II-induced cardiac remodelling by activating TGF-β/Smad2/3 and Jak2/Stat3 pathways through oxidative stress. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10711-10723. [PMID: 34687136 PMCID: PMC8581335 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive cardiac remodelling is a common cause of heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating cardiac remodelling remain unclear. Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) is a key regulator of the processes of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, but the roles in cardiac remodelling remain unknown. In the present study, we found that PKM2 was enhanced in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated cardiac fibroblasts and hypertensive mouse hearts. Suppression of PKM2 by shikonin alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis in Ang-II-induced cardiac remodelling in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of PKM2 markedly attenuated the function of cardiac fibroblasts including proliferation, migration and collagen synthesis in vitro. Mechanistically, suppression of PKM2 inhibited cardiac remodelling by suppressing TGF-β/Smad2/3, Jak2/Stat3 signalling pathways and oxidative stress. Together, this study suggests that PKM2 is an aggravator in Ang-II-mediated cardiac remodelling. The negative modulation of PKM2 may provide a promising therapeutic approach for hypertensive cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiting Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiang Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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22
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Fibroblast Memory in Development, Homeostasis and Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112840. [PMID: 34831065 PMCID: PMC8616330 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the major cell population in the connective tissue of most organs, where they are essential for their structural integrity. They are best known for their role in remodelling the extracellular matrix, however more recently they have been recognised as a functionally highly diverse cell population that constantly responds and adapts to their environment. Biological memory is the process of a sustained altered cellular state and functions in response to a transient or persistent environmental stimulus. While it is well established that fibroblasts retain a memory of their anatomical location, how other environmental stimuli influence fibroblast behaviour and function is less clear. The ability of fibroblasts to respond and memorise different environmental stimuli is essential for tissue development and homeostasis and may become dysregulated in chronic disease conditions such as fibrosis and cancer. Here we summarise the four emerging key areas of fibroblast adaptation: positional, mechanical, inflammatory, and metabolic memory and highlight the underlying mechanisms and their implications in tissue homeostasis and disease.
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23
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Onoufriadis A, Hsu CK, Hong YK, Lin YC, McGrath JA. Plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiling highlights metabolic changes in keloid-prone individuals. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:433-434. [PMID: 34665888 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kai Hong
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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24
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Hurley DJ, Irnaten M, O’Brien C. Metformin and Glaucoma-Review of Anti-Fibrotic Processes and Bioenergetics. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082131. [PMID: 34440899 PMCID: PMC8394782 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. With an aging population, disease incidence will rise with an enormous societal and economic burden. The treatment strategy revolves around targeting intraocular pressure, the principle modifiable risk factor, to slow progression of disease. However, there is a clear unmet clinical need to find a novel therapeutic approach that targets and halts the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration that occurs with fibrosis. RGCs are highly sensitive to metabolic fluctuations as a result of multiple stressors and thus their viability depends on healthy mitochondrial functioning. Metformin, known for its use in type 2 diabetes, has come to the forefront of medical research in multiple organ systems. Its use was recently associated with a 25% reduced risk of glaucoma in a large population study. Here, we discuss its application to glaucoma therapy, highlighting its effect on fibrotic signalling pathways, mitochondrial bioenergetics and NAD oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daire J. Hurley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Mustapha Irnaten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
| | - Colm O’Brien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland; (M.I.); (C.O.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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25
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Lu J, Wang Y, Hu Y, Yang B. Lnc-H19 enhances anaerobic glycolysis of keloid fibroblasts by targeting the miR-214-5p/FGF2 axis. Burns 2021:S0305-4179(21)00200-X. [PMID: 34887123 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been demonstrated as vital regulator in tumors. However, whether lnc-H19 mediated the development of keloid fibroblasts (KD) was unknown, this study was aimed to clarify the role and molecular mechanisms of lnc-H19 in KD. We have investigated the expression levels of lnc-H19, miR-214-5p and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in KD skin samples and normal skin tissues as well as matched cells by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. The glycolysis ability of keloid fibroblasts was assessed by measuring glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP level. The western blot assay was used to assay the expression levels of FGF2 and hexokinase 2 (HK2). Migration and invasion were analyzed by transwell in keloid fibroblasts. The bioinformatics database and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to search and identify the target of miR-214-5p and lnc-H19. Lnc-H19 was overexpressed in KD tissues and keloid fibroblasts than normal skin tissues and normal fibroblasts, respectively. Small interfering RNA of lnc-H19 treatment markedly inhibited glycolysis, migration and invasion of keloid fibroblasts exposed to hypoxia, which was reserved by silencing of miR-214-5p or upregulation of FGF2. Mechanistically, lnc-H19 regulated KD development by regulation of miR-214-5p/FGF2 axis. In summary, lnc-H19 may exert regulatory functions in KD by targeting miR-214-5p/FGF2 axis, further regulated glycolysis, migration and invasion in keloid fibroblasts exposed to hypoxia, which might be a potential marker of KD diagnosis or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxu Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanbo Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Yanuan Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Biaobing Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China.
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26
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GLUT-1 Enhances Glycolysis, Oxidative Stress, and Fibroblast Proliferation in Keloid. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060505. [PMID: 34070830 PMCID: PMC8229441 DOI: 10.3390/life11060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A keloid is a fibroproliferative skin tumor. Proliferating keloid fibroblasts (KFs) demand active metabolic utilization. The contributing roles of glycolysis and glucose metabolism in keloid fibroproliferation remain unclear. This study aims to determine the regulation of glycolysis and glucose metabolism by glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), an essential protein to initiate cellular glucose uptake, in keloids and in KFs. Tissues of keloids and healthy skin were explanted for KFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs), respectively. GLUT-1 expression was measured by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) were measured with or without WZB117, a GLUT-1 inhibitor. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed by MitoSOX immunostaining. The result showed that glycolysis (ECAR) was enhanced in KFs, whereas OCR was not. GLUT-1 expression was selectively increased in KFs. Consistently, GLUT-1 expression was increased in keloid tissue. Treatment with WZB117 abolished the enhanced ECAR, including glycolysis and glycolytic capacity, in KFs. ROS levels were increased in KFs compared to those in NFs. GLUT-1 inhibition suppressed not only the ROS levels but also the cell proliferation in KFs. In summary, the GLUT-1-dependent glycolysis and ROS production mediated fibroblast proliferation in keloids. GLUT1 might be a potential target for metabolic reprogramming to treat keloids.
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27
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Li Q, Yu H, Sun M, Yang P, Hu X, Ao Y, Cheng J. The tissue origin effect of extracellular vesicles on cartilage and bone regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 125:253-266. [PMID: 33657452 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Direct implantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cartilage and bone tissue engineering faces challenges, such as immune rejection and loss of cellular viability or functionality. As nanoscale natural particles, exosomes or small extracellular vesicles (EVs) of MSCs have potential to circumvent these problems. It is significant to investigate the impact of the tissue origin of MSCs on the therapeutic bioactivity of their corresponding EVs for cartilage and bone regeneration. Here, rat MSCs isolated from the adipose, bone marrow, and synovium are cultured to obtain their corresponding EVs (ADSC-EVs, BMSC-EVs, and SMSC-EVs, respectively). The ADSC-EVs stimulate the migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro as well as cartilage and bone regeneration in a mouse model more than the BMSC-EVs or SMSC-EVs. Proteomics analysis reveals that the tissue origin contributes to the distinct protein profiles among the three types of EVs, which induced cartilage and bone regenerative capacities by potential mechanisms of regulating signaling pathways including focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, actin cytoskeleton, cAMP, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Consequently, these findings provide insight that the adipose may be a superior candidate in EV-based nanomedicine for cartilage and bone regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Extracelluar vesicles (EVs) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered as a promising approach in cartilage and bone tissue engineering. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the tissue origin effect of EVs on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of MSCs in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that EVs of adipose-derived MSCs showed the most efficiency. Meanwhile, protein proteomics revealed the potential mechanisms. We provide a novel evidence that the adipose is a superior reservoir in EV-based nanotechnologies and biomaterials for cartilage and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huilei Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Muyang Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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28
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Hewitson TD, Smith ER. A Metabolic Reprogramming of Glycolysis and Glutamine Metabolism Is a Requisite for Renal Fibrogenesis-Why and How? Front Physiol 2021; 12:645857. [PMID: 33815149 PMCID: PMC8010236 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by organ remodeling and fibrosis due to failed wound repair after on-going or severe injury. Key to this process is the continued activation and presence of matrix-producing renal fibroblasts. In cancer, metabolic alterations help cells to acquire and maintain a malignant phenotype. More recent evidence suggests that something similar occurs in the fibroblast during activation. To support these functions, pro-fibrotic signals released in response to injury induce metabolic reprograming to meet the high bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of the (myo)fibroblastic phenotype. Fibrogenic signals such as TGF-β1 trigger a rewiring of cellular metabolism with a shift toward glycolysis, uncoupling from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and enhanced glutamine metabolism. These adaptations may also have more widespread implications with redirection of acetyl-CoA directly linking changes in cellular metabolism and regulatory protein acetylation. Evidence also suggests that injury primes cells to these metabolic responses. In this review we discuss the key metabolic events that have led to a reappraisal of the regulation of fibroblast differentiation and function in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Hewitson
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-RMH, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Edward R Smith
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-RMH, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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29
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Shen W, Zhang Z, Ma J, Lu D, Lyu L. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Skin Fibrosis. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:29-40. [PMID: 33433895 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a highly conserved way to regulate protein turnover in cells. The UPS hydrolyzes and destroys variant or misfolded proteins and finely regulates proteins involved in differentiation, apoptosis, and other biological processes. This system is a key regulatory factor in the proliferation, differentiation, and collagen secretion of skin fibroblasts. E3 ubiquitin protein ligases Parkin and NEDD4 regulate multiple signaling pathways in keloid. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) binding with deubiquitinase USP10 can induce p53 destabilization and promote keloid-derived fibroblast proliferation. The UPS participates in the occurrence and development of hypertrophic scars by regulating the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway. An initial study suggests that TNFα-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) polymorphisms may be significantly associated with scleroderma susceptibility in individuals of Caucasian descent. Sumoylation and multiple ubiquitin ligases, including Smurfs, UFD2, and KLHL42, play vital roles in scleroderma by targeting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. In the future, drugs targeting E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes have great potential for the treatment of skin fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Shen
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiaqing Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Di Lu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lechun Lyu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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30
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Belisario DC, Kopecka J, Pasino M, Akman M, De Smaele E, Donadelli M, Riganti C. Hypoxia Dictates Metabolic Rewiring of Tumors: Implications for Chemoresistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122598. [PMID: 33291643 PMCID: PMC7761956 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a condition commonly observed in the core of solid tumors. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) act as hypoxia sensors that orchestrate a coordinated response increasing the pro-survival and pro-invasive phenotype of cancer cells, and determine a broad metabolic rewiring. These events favor tumor progression and chemoresistance. The increase in glucose and amino acid uptake, glycolytic flux, and lactate production; the alterations in glutamine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation; the high levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; the modulation of both fatty acid synthesis and oxidation are hallmarks of the metabolic rewiring induced by hypoxia. This review discusses how metabolic-dependent factors (e.g., increased acidification of tumor microenvironment coupled with intracellular alkalinization, and reduced mitochondrial metabolism), and metabolic-independent factors (e.g., increased expression of drug efflux transporters, stemness maintenance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition) cooperate in determining chemoresistance in hypoxia. Specific metabolic modifiers, however, can reverse the metabolic phenotype of hypoxic tumor areas that are more chemoresistant into the phenotype typical of chemosensitive cells. We propose these metabolic modifiers, able to reverse the hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring, as potential chemosensitizer agents against hypoxic and refractory tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimas Carolina Belisario
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Martina Pasino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-5857
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31
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Wang Q, Wang P, Qin Z, Yang X, Pan B, Nie F, Bi H. Altered glucose metabolism and cell function in keloid fibroblasts under hypoxia. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101815. [PMID: 33278780 PMCID: PMC7718484 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids exhibit metabolic reprogramming including enhanced glycolysis and attenuated oxidative phosphorylation. Hypoxia induces a series of protective responses in mammalian cells. However, the metabolic phenotype of keloid fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate glycolytic activity, mitochondrial function and morphology, and the HIF1α and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in keloid fibroblasts (KFB) under hypoxic conditions. Our results showed that hypoxia promoted proliferation, migration invasion and collagen synthesis and inhibited apoptosis in KFB. The mRNA levels, protein expressions and enzyme activities of glycolytic enzymes in KFB were higher than those in normal skin fibroblasts (NFB) under normoxia. Moreover, hypoxia remarkedly upregulated glycolysis in KFB. Decreased activities of mitochondrial complexes and abnormal mitochondria were detected in KFB under normoxic conditions and the damage was aggravated by hypoxia. An intracellular metabolic profile assay suggested hypoxia increased glycolytic parameters except glycolytic reserve but inhibited the key parameters of mitochondrial function apart from H+ leak. Protein levels of HIF1α and phosphorylation levels of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were upregulated in the context of 3% oxygen. Enhanced total reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS (mitoROS) and antioxidant activities of KFB were observed in response to hypoxia. Additionally, autophagy was induced by hypoxia. Our data collectively demonstrated potentiated glycolysis and attenuated mitochondrial function under hypoxia, indicating that altered glucose metabolism regulated by hypoxia could be a therapeutic target for keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zelian Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Bailin Pan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfei Nie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsen Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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32
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Smith ER, Hewitson TD. TGF-β1 is a regulator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17914. [PMID: 33087819 PMCID: PMC7578649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1 reprograms metabolism in renal fibroblasts, inducing a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. However, molecular events underpinning this are unknown. Here we identify that TGF-β1 downregulates acetyl-CoA biosynthesis via regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Flow cytometry showed that TGF-β1 reduced the PDC subunit PDH-E1α in fibroblasts derived from injured, but not normal kidneys. An increase in expression of PDH kinase 1 (PDK1), and reduction in the phosphatase PDP1, were commensurate with net phosphorylation and inactivation of PDC. Over-expression of mutant PDH-E1α, resistant to phosphorylation, ameliorated effects of TGF-β1, while inhibition of PDC activity with CPI-613 was sufficient to induce αSMA and pro-collagen I expression, markers of myofibroblast differentiation and fibroblast activation. The effect of TGF-β1 on PDC activity, acetyl-CoA, αSMA and pro-collagen I was also ameliorated by sodium dichloroacetate, a small molecule inhibitor of PDK. A reduction in acetyl-CoA, and therefore acetylation substrate, also resulted in a generalised loss of protein acetylation with TGF-β1. In conclusion, TGF-β1 in part regulates fibroblast activation via effects on PDC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Smith
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.,Department of Medicine - RMH, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy D Hewitson
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia. .,Department of Medicine - RMH, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Li Q, Qin Z, Chen B, An Y, Nie F, Yang X, Pan B, Bi H. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Morphological Abnormality in Keloid Fibroblasts. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.0988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zelian Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fangfei Nie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bailin Pan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongsen Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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34
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Chen ZT, Zhang HF, Wang M, Wang SH, Wen ZZ, Gao QY, Wu MX, Liu WH, Xie Y, Mai JT, Yang Y, Wang JF, Chen YX. Long non-coding RNA Linc00092 inhibits cardiac fibroblast activation by altering glycolysis in an ERK-dependent manner. Cell Signal 2020; 74:109708. [PMID: 32653641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac fibroblast (CF) activation is the key event for cardiac fibrosis. The role of glycolysis and the glycolysis-related lncRNAs in CF activation are unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of glycolysis in CF activation and to identify the glycolysis-related lncRNAs involved. MAIN METHODS Glycolysis-related lncRNAs were searched and their expression profiles were validated in activated human CF (HCF) and human failing heart tissues. Expression of the target lncRNA was manipulated to determine its effects on HCF activation and glycolysis. The underlying mechanisms of lncRNA-dependent glycolysis regulation were also addressed. KEY FINDINGS HCF activation induced by transforming growth factor-β1 was accompanied by an enhanced glycolysis, and 2-Deoxy-d-glucose, a specific glycolysis inhibitor, dramatically attenuated HCF activation. Twenty-eight glycolysis-related lncRNAs were identified and Linc00092 expression was changed mostly upon HCF activation. In human heart tissue, Linc00092 is primarily expressed in cardiac fibroblasts. Linc00092 knockdown activated HCFs with enhanced glycolysis, while its overexpression rescued the activated phenotype of HCFs and down-regulated glycolysis. Restoration of glycolysis abolished the anti-fibrotic effects conferred by Linc00092. Linc00092 inhibited ERK activation in activated HCFs, and ERK inhibition counteracted the fibrotic phenotype in Linc00092 knockdown HCFs. SIGNIFICANCE These results revealed that Linc00092 could attenuate HCF activation by suppressing glycolysis. The inhibition of ERK by Linc00092 may play an important role in this process. Together, this provides a better understanding of the mechanism of CF activation and may serve as a novel target for cardiac fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Zhu-Zhi Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Qing-Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Mao-Xiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Wen-Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Jing-Ting Mai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China.
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China.
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Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is one of the biggest challenges in the therapeutic management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Patients with Crohn's disease, in particular, suffer from fibrotic complications, which are manifested by the clinical stenosis of the bowel. Although fibrosis is caused by recurrent episodes of inflammation and wound healing, current therapies for IBD do not seem to reduce the incidence of stenosis, suggesting that inflammation-independent mechanisms also contribute to intestinal fibrogenesis. The lack of anti-fibrotic therapies for IBD and the huge burden this complication places on patients has prompted us to redirect inflammation research toward understanding the mechanisms that drive gut fibrosis. Based on data from other fibroproliferative diseases, metabolic modifications are increasingly recognized as pathogenic processes that may generate new therapeutic opportunities. These metabolic alterations result from a switch in the cellular metabolism of activated fibroblasts, which are the key mediator cells of fibrosis. Here, we review the metabolic changes associated with fibrotic disease and summarize the evidence of a metabolic shift during intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Debby Laukens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
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36
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Li M, Shao J, Guo Z, Jin C, Wang L, Wang F, Jia Y, Zhu Z, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Zheng S, Wang X. Novel mitochondrion-targeting copper(II) complex induces HK2 malfunction and inhibits glycolysis via Drp1-mediating mitophagy in HCC. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:3091-3107. [PMID: 31994339 PMCID: PMC7077532 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
[Cu(ttpy-tpp)Br2 ]Br (abbreviated as CTB) is a novel mitochondrion-targeting copper(II) complex synthesized by our research group, which contains tri-phenyl-phosphonium (TPP) groups as its lipophilic property. In this study, we explored how CTB affects mitochondrial functions and exerts its anti-tumour activity. Multiple functional and molecular analyses including Seahorse XF Bioanalyzer Platform, Western blot, immunofluorescence analysis, co-immunoprecipitation and transmission electron microscopy were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Human hepatoma cells were subcutaneously injected into right armpit of male nude mice for evaluating the effects of CTB in vivo. We discovered that CTB inhibited aerobic glycolysis and cell acidification by impairing the activity of HK2 in hepatoma cells, accompanied by dissociation of HK2 from mitochondria. The modification of HK2 not only led to the complete dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) but also promoted the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), contributing to the activation of mitophagy. In addition, CTB co-ordinately promoted dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) recruitment in mitochondria to induce mitochondrial fission. Our findings established a previously unrecognized role for copper complex in aerobic glycolysis of tumour cells, revealing the interaction between mitochondrial HK2-mediated mitophagy and Drp1-regulated mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Xuzhou Pharmaceutical Vocational College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University Of Finance & Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziji Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Expression profile and bioinformatics analyses of circular RNAs in keloid and normal dermal fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2020; 388:111799. [PMID: 31904383 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial regulatory role in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. However, no study has examined the potential biological function and expression profile of circRNAs in keloid dermal fibroblasts (KDFs). Therefore, the aim of this study to investigate the expression profile of circRNAs and analyze their role in KDFs. Bioinformatic analyses and high-throughput RNA sequencing technology were applied to explore the expression profile of circRNAs in 3 human KDFs and normal dermal fibroblasts (NDFs). The differentially expressed circRNAs were verified by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing. A circRNA-microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA interaction network was created using bioinformatics tools. Hsa_circ_0008259, was selected to confirm its function by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Collectively, 411 circRNAs, of which 206 were upregulated and 205 decreased, were found to be differentially expressed in KDFs and could bind to 2532 miRNA response elements (MREs). GO and KEGG pathways enrichment analyses showed that differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly involved in apoptosis, focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt and metabolic pathway, and may regulate the pathogenesis and development of keloid. Two candidate circRNAs (hsa_circRNA_0008259, hsa_circRNA_0005480) were verified to be significantly reduced in KDFs, and one candidate circRNA (hsa_circRNA_0002198) was significantly elevated in accordance with RNA-Seq data analysis. Overexpression of hsa_circRNA_0008259 inhibited type I and Ⅲ collagen expression. Taken together, our study demonstrates for the first time that circRNAs exhibits differential expression in KDFs, and may be key players in the pathogenesis of keloid, or act as biomarkers of keloid.
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38
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Chen Z, Wang Z, Jin T, Shen G, Wang Y, Tan X, Gan Y, Yang F, Liu Y, Huang C, Zhang Y, Fu X, Shi C. Fibrogenic fibroblast-selective near-infrared phototherapy to control scarring. Theranostics 2019; 9:6797-6808. [PMID: 31660069 PMCID: PMC6815952 DOI: 10.7150/thno.36375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Fibroblasts, the predominant cell type responsible for tissue fibrosis, are heterogeneous, and the targeting of unique fibrogenic population of fibroblasts is highly expected. Very recently, elevated glycolysis is demonstrated to play a pivotal role in the determination of fibrogenic phenotype of fibroblasts. However, it is lack of specific strategies for targeting and elimination of such fibrogenic populations. In this study, a novel strategy to use the a near-infrared (NIR) dye IR-780 for the targeting and elimination of a fibrogenic population of glycolytic fibroblasts to control the cutaneous scarring is developed. Methods: The identification and cell properties test of fibrogenic fibroblasts with IR-780 were conducted by using fluorescence activated cell sorting, transplantation experiments, in vivo imaging, RNA sequencing in human cell experiments and mouse and rat wound models. The uptake of IR-780 in fibroblasts mediated by HIF-1α/SLCO2A1 and the metabolic properties of IR-780H fibroblasts were investigated using RNA interference or signaling inhibitors. The fibrogenic fibroblast-selective near-infrared phototherapy of IR-780 were evaluated in human cell experiments and mouse wound models. Results: IR-780 is demonstrated to recognize a unique glycolytic fibroblast lineage, which is responsible for the bulk of connective tissue deposition during cutaneous wound healing and cancer stroma formation. Further results identified that SLCO2A1 is involved in the preferential uptake of IR-780 in fibrogenic fibroblasts, which is regulated by HIF-1α. Moreover, with intrinsic dual phototherapeutic activities, IR-780 significantly diminishes cutaneous scarring through the targeted ablation of the fibrogenic population by photothermal and photodynamic effects. Conclusion: This work provides a unique strategy for the targeted control of tissue scarring by fibrogenic fibroblast-selective near-infrared phototherapy. It is proposed that IR-780 based theranostic methodology holds promise for translational medicine aimed at regulation of fibrogenic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Chen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Taotao Jin
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Gufang Shen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xu Tan
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yibo Gan
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yunsheng Liu
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chunji Huang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
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39
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Song Y, Li R, Zhang Y, Wei J, Chen W, Chung CKA, Cai Z. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics reveals the mechanism of ambient fine particulate matter and its components on energy metabolic reprogramming in BEAS-2B cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:3139-3150. [PMID: 30463164 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with various adverse effects. However, the molecular mechanism involved in PM2.5-elicited energy metabolic reprogramming and the toxic chemical determinants within PM2.5 are not well elucidated. In this study, nontargeted and targeted metabolomics research were conducted to investigate the overall metabolic changes and relevant toxicological pathways caused by Taiyuan winter total PM2.5 and its water soluble and organic soluble fractions in human lung bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). The results showed that significant metabolome alterations in BEAS-2B cells were observed after the exposure of total PM2.5 and its organic soluble fraction. Purine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione (GSH) metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis were mainly affected. Along with a significant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β), obvious metabolic phenotype remodeling from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis was found in BEAS-2B cells treated with total PM2.5 and its organic soluble fraction. Compared with water soluble fraction, organic soluble fraction was found to play the dominant role in PM2.5 toxicity. Our study provided novel insights into the mechanism of PM2.5-elicited toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juntong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Kong Arthur Chung
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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40
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Smith ER, Wigg B, Holt S, Hewitson TD. TGF-β1 modifies histone acetylation and acetyl-coenzyme A metabolism in renal myofibroblasts. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F517-F529. [PMID: 30623724 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00513.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone acetylation is an important modulator of gene expression in fibrosis. This study examined the effect of the pre-eminent fibrogenic cytokine TGF-b1 on histone 3 (H3) acetylation and its regulatory kinetics in renal myofibroblasts. Fibroblasts propagated from rat kidneys after ureteric obstruction were treated with recombinant TGF-b1 or vehicle for 48 hours. TGF-b1 -induced myofibroblast activation was accompanied by a net decrease in total H3 acetylation, although changes in individual marks were variable. This was paralleled by a generalised reduction in histone acetyltransferases (HAT), and divergent changes in histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes at both transcript and protein levels. Globally this was manifest in a reduction in total HAT activity and increase in HDAC activity. TGF-b1 induced a shift in cellular metabolism from oxidative respiration to aerobic glycolysis resulting in reduced acetyl-CoA. The reduction in total H3 acetylation could be rescued by providing exogenous citrate or alternative sources of acetyl-CoA, without ameliorating changes in HAT/HDAC activity. In conclusion, TGF-b1 produces a metabolic reprogramming in renal fibroblasts, with less H3 acetylation through reduced acetylation, increased deacetylation and changes in carbon availability. Our results suggest that acetyl-CoA availability predominates over HAT and HDAC activity as a key determinant of H3 acetylation in response to TGF-b1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Smith
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
| | - Belinda Wigg
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
| | - Stephen Holt
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
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41
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Onoufriadis A, Hsu CK, Ainali C, Ung CY, Rashidghamat E, Yang HS, Huang HY, Niazi U, Tziotzios C, Yang JC, Nuamah R, Tang MJ, Saxena A, de Rinaldis E, McGrath JA. Time Series Integrative Analysis of RNA Sequencing and MicroRNA Expression Data Reveals Key Biologic Wound Healing Pathways in Keloid-Prone Individuals. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2690-2693. [PMID: 29870686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chrysanthi Ainali
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chuin Ying Ung
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ellie Rashidghamat
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hsing-San Yang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Huang
- Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Umar Niazi
- Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Translational Bioinformatics Platform, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christos Tziotzios
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jui-Chu Yang
- Human Biobank, Research Centre of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rosamond Nuamah
- Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Genomics Research Platform, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Alka Saxena
- Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Genomics Research Platform, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Emanuele de Rinaldis
- Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Translational Bioinformatics Platform, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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