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Jiao K, Sun M, Jia W, Liu Y, Wang S, Yang Y, Dai Z, Liu L, Cheng Z, Liu G, Luo Y. The polycaprolactone and silk fibroin nanofibers with Janus-structured sheaths for antibacterial and antioxidant by loading Taxifolin. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33770. [PMID: 39040317 PMCID: PMC11261843 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a widely recognized method for producing Janus or core-shell nanofibers. In this study, nanofibrous membranes were fabricated through co-axial electrospinning utilizing polycaprolactone (PCL) and silk fibroin (SF) as the Janus shell, and taxifolin (TAX) and SF as the core. The resulting nanofibers had diameters of 816 ± 161 nm and core diameters of 73 ± 5 nm. The morphology and properties of the PCL-SF@SF/TAX nanofibers were subsequently analyzed. The results demonstrated that the nanofibrous membranes achieved physical and chemical characteristics potential for tissue engineering and drug delivery. Specifically, the membranes exhibited a Young's modulus of 9.64 ± 0.29 MPa, a water contact angle of 79.1 ± 1.3°, and a weight loss of 17.3 ± 1.0 % over a period of 28 days. The incorporation of TAX endowed the membranes with antibacterial properties, effectively combating Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the membranes demonstrated antioxidant capabilities, with a DPPH radical scavenging efficiency of 38.5 ± 5.6 % and a Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity of 0.24 ± 0.01 mM. The release of the antioxidant was sustained over 28 days, following first-order release kinetics. The nanofibrous membranes, referred to as PSST, exhibit promising potential for use as biomaterials, characterized by their antibacterial activity, antioxidant and cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jiao
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Maolei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Wenyuan Jia
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yun Liu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Shaoru Wang
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zhihui Dai
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Guomin Liu
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characterisitic Resource of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yungang Luo
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
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Li Q, Feng C, Cao Q, Wang W, Ma Z, Wu Y, He T, Jing Y, Tan W, Liao T, Xing J, Li X, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Zhu X, Zhang X. Strategies of strengthening mechanical properties in the osteoinductive calcium phosphate bioceramics. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad013. [PMID: 36915714 PMCID: PMC10008083 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) bioceramics are widely applied in the bone repairing field attributing to their excellent biological properties, especially osteoinductivity. However, their applications in load-bearing or segmental bone defects are severely restricted by the poor mechanical properties. It is generally considered that it is challenging to improve mechanical and biological properties of CaP bioceramics simultaneously. Up to now, various strategies have been developed to enhance mechanical strengths of CaP ceramics, the achievements in recent researches need to be urgently summarized. In this review, the effective and current means of enhancing mechanical properties of CaP ceramics were comprehensively summarized from the perspectives of fine-grain strengthening, second phase strengthening, and sintering process optimization. What's more, the further improvement of mechanical properties for CaP ceramics was prospectively proposed including heat treatment and biomimetic. Therefore, this review put forward the direction about how to compatibly improve mechanical properties of CaP ceramics, which can provide data and ideas for expanding the range of their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Cong Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quanle Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yonghao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Tinghan He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yangtian Jing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wenxuan Tan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tongxiao Liao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jie Xing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | | | - Ye Wang
- Correspondence address. E-mail: (X.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yumei Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Mahmoudi P, Akbarpour MR, Lakeh HB, Jing F, Hadidi MR, Akhavan B. Antibacterial Ti-Cu implants: A critical review on mechanisms of action. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100447. [PMID: 36278144 PMCID: PMC9579810 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) has been widely used for manufacturing of bone implants because of its mechanical properties, biological compatibility, and favorable corrosion resistance in biological environments. However, Ti implants are prone to infection (peri-implantitis) by bacteria which in extreme cases necessitate painful and costly revision surgeries. An emerging, viable solution for this problem is to use copper (Cu) as an antibacterial agent in the alloying system of Ti. The addition of copper provides excellent antibacterial activities, but the underpinning mechanisms are still obscure. This review sheds light on such mechanisms and reviews how incorporation of Cu can render Ti-Cu implants with antibacterial activity. The review first discusses the fundamentals of interactions between bacteria and implanted surfaces followed by an overview of the most common engineering strategies utilized to endow an implant with antibacterial activity. The underlying mechanisms for antibacterial activity of Ti-Cu implants are then discussed in detail. Special attention is paid to contact killing mechanisms because the misinterpretation of this mechanism is the root of discrepancies in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pezhman Mahmoudi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365-9466, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Akbarpour
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, P.O. Box 55136-553, Iran
| | | | - Fengjuan Jing
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Mohammad Reza Hadidi
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Behnam Akhavan
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), Precision Medicine Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
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Zhao X, Cai D, Hu J, Nie J, Chen D, Qin G, Zhang E. A high-hydrophilic Cu 2O-TiO 2/Ti 2O 3/TiO coating on Ti-5Cu alloy: Perfect antibacterial property and rapid endothelialization potential. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 140:213044. [PMID: 35932660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to make novel antibacterial Ti-Cu alloy more suitable for cardiovascular implant application, a Cu-containing oxide coating was manufactured on Ti-Cu alloy by plasma-enhanced oxidation deposition in plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) equipment to further improve the antibacterial ability and the surface bioactivity. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle indicated that a sustainably high-hydrophilic Cu2O-TiO2/Ti2O3/TiO coating with nano-morphology on Ti-5Cu was successfully constructed. The corrosion performance results showed that the coating enhanced the corrosion resistance while releasing more Cu2+, compared with Ti-5Cu. Antibacterial tests confirmed the perfect antibacterial property of the coating (R ≥ 99.9 %), superior to Ti-Cu alloy (R > 90 %). More delightfully, it was observed by phalloidin-FITC and DAPI staining that the coating improved the early adhesion of HUVEC cells mainly due to strong hydrophilicity and nano-morphology. It was demonstrated that the extract of the coated sample significantly promoted proliferation (RGR = 112 %-138 % after cultivation for 1 to 3 days) and migration of HUVEC cells due to the appropriate Cu2+ release concentration. Hemolysis assay and platelet adhesion results showed that the coating had excellent blood compatibility. All results suggested that the coating on Ti-Cu alloy might be a promising surface with the perfect antibacterial ability, blood compatibility and evident promoting endothelialization ability for the cardiovascular application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhao
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Diangeng Cai
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jingjun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone tissue engineering, Beijing Laboratory of biomedical materials, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone tissue engineering, Beijing Laboratory of biomedical materials, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China.
| | - Gaowu Qin
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Erlin Zhang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
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5
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The Influence of Copper Content on the Elastic Modulus and Antibacterial Properties of Ti-13Nb-13Zr-xCu Alloy. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12071132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Device-related infection or inflammatory and stress shield are still the main problems faced by titanium alloy implants for long-term implantation application; therefore, it is of great significance to design an alloy with low elastic modulus and good antibacterial properties as well as good biocompatibility. In this paper, Ti-13Nb-13Zr-xCu(x = 3, 7 wt.%) alloys were designed and prepared to reveal the influence of Cu content on the elastic modulus and antibacterial property. X-ray diffractometer, metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope were used to study the phase transformation, microstructure, mechanical properties, antibacterial properties, and cytotoxicity of the alloys. The experimental results have demonstrated that the antibacterial performance and the elastic modulus were significantly improved but the corrosion resistance deteriorated with the increase of the copper content. Ti-13Nb-13Zr-3Cu with a low modulus of 73 GPa and an antibacterial rate of over 90% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) exhibited great potential as a candidate for implant titanium in the future.
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6
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Huang G, Fan Z, Li L, Lu Y, Lin J. Corrosion Resistance of Selective Laser Melted Ti6Al4V3Cu Alloy Produced Using Pre-Alloyed and Mixed Powder. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072487. [PMID: 35407820 PMCID: PMC8999544 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metallic elemental powder mixture and pre-alloyed metallic powder are both frequently used powder feedstock in the additive manufacturing process. However, little research has been conducted to compare the corrosion behavior of selective laser melting (SLM) alloys, fabricated by pre-alloyed metallic powder and mixed metallic powder. Hence, it is important to investigate the corrosion behavior of SLMed alloys, as well as the corresponding cast ingot, with the aim to better understand the feasibility of designing new materials. In this work, the SLM-produced Ti6Al4V3Cu alloys were manufactured using a metallic elemental powder mixture and pre-alloyed metallic powder, respectively. The corrosion behavior of the different Ti6Al4V3Cu alloys was investigated in following electrochemical tests and ion release measurements. The results showed that the Ti6Al4V3Cu alloy prepared by pre-alloyed metallic powder showed better corrosion resistance than that produced from mixed metallic powder. Moreover, the SLM-produced Ti6Al4V3Cu alloys performed significantly better in corrosion resistance than the cast Ti6Al4V3Cu. The results are expected to achieve a better understanding of the feasibility of designing new materials using mixed powders, contributing to reducing development costs and cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonghao Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (G.H.); (Z.F.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zefeng Fan
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (G.H.); (Z.F.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liu Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (G.H.); (Z.F.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanjin Lu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (G.H.); (Z.F.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinxin Lin
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (G.H.); (Z.F.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (J.L.)
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7
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In Situ Intermetallics-Reinforced Composite Prepared Using Multi-Pass Friction Stir Processing of Copper Powder on a Ti6Al4V Alloy. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072428. [PMID: 35407759 PMCID: PMC9000171 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multi-pass friction stir processing (FSP) was used to obtain a titanium alloy/copper hybrid composite layer by intermixing copper powder with a Ti6Al4V alloy. A macrostructurally inhomogeneous stir zone was obtained with both its top and middle parts composed of fine dynamically recrystallized α- and β-Ti grains, as well as coarse intermetallic compounds (IMCs) of Ti2Cu and TiCu2, respectively. Some β grains experienced β → α decomposition with the formation of acicular α-Ti microstructures either inside the former β-Ti grains or at their grain boundaries. Both types of β → α decomposition were especially clearly manifested in the vicinity of the Ti2Cu grains, i.e., in the copper-lean regions. The middle part of the stir zone additionally contained large dislocation-free β-Ti grains that resulted from static recrystallization. Spinodal decomposition, as well as solid-state amorphization of copper-rich β-Ti grains, were discovered. The FSPed stir zone possessed hardness that was enhanced by 25% as compared to that of the base metal, as well as higher strength, ductility, and wear resistance than those obtained using four-pass FSPed Ti6Al4V.
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8
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Wang Z, Fu B, Wang Y, Dong T, Li J, Li G, Zhao X, Liu J, Zhang G. Effect of Cu Content on the Precipitation Behaviors, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of As-Cast Ti-Cu Alloys. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051696. [PMID: 35268932 PMCID: PMC8911372 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Ti-Cu alloys have broad application prospects in the biomedical field due to their excellent properties. The properties of Ti-Cu alloys are strongly dependent on Cu content, microstructures, its Ti2Cu phase and its preparation process. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of Cu content on the precipitation behaviors, mechanical and corrosion properties of the as-cast Ti-Cu alloys. The microstructures and phase evolution were characterized by SEM and TEM, and the properties were studied by tensile and electrochemical test. The results show that the volume fraction of Ti2Cu phase increases with the increase of Cu content. The Ti2Cu phase presents a variety of microscopic morphologies with different Cu content, such as rod, granular, lath and block shaped. The crystal orientation relationships between the Ti2Cu and α-Ti matrix in Ti-4Cu and Ti-10Cu alloys are (103)Ti2Cu//(0[11¯11)α-Ti, [3¯01]Ti2Cu//[21¯1¯0]α-Ti, and (103)Ti2Cu//(0002)α-Ti, [3¯31]Ti2Cu//[12¯10]α-Ti, respectively. The tensile strength, Vickers hardness and Young’s modulus of the Ti-Cu alloys increase with the increase of Cu content, whereas the elongation decreases. The fracture morphologies of these alloys reveal ductile, ductile-brittle hybrid, and cleavage brittle mode, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the Ti-Cu alloys in SBF solution can be described as: Ti-4Cu alloy > Ti-10Cu alloy > Ti-7Cu alloy. The volume fraction of Ti2Cu phases and the “protective barrier” provided by the fine lath Ti2Cu phases strongly affected the electrochemical performances of the alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Binguo Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
- Tianjin Institute of Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, Tianjin 300301, China
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Mould Materials for Glass and Rubber in Hebei Province, Cangzhou 061100, China;
- Correspondence: (B.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Aerospace Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, Tianjin 300301, China
- Correspondence: (B.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Tianshun Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingkun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Guolu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Xuebo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinhai Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; (Z.W.); (T.D.); (J.L.); (G.L.); (X.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Guixian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Mould Materials for Glass and Rubber in Hebei Province, Cangzhou 061100, China;
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Dong L, Zhang W, Fu Y, Lu J, Liu X, Tian N, Zhang Y. Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Decorated with Copper and Silver Nanoparticles for Achieving Superior Strength and Ductility in Titanium Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43197-43208. [PMID: 34478253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivates are extensively applied to enhance the mechanical properties of metal matrix nanocomposites. However, their high reactivity with a metal matrix such as titanium and thus the limited strengthening effects are major problems for achieving high-performance graphene-based nanocomposites. Herein, reduced graphene oxide nanosheets decorated with copper or silver (i.e., Cu@rGO and Ag@rGO) nanopowders are introduced into Ti matrix composites using multiple processes of one-step chemical coreduction, hydrothermal synthesis, low-energy ball milling, spark plasma sintering, and hot rolling. The Cu@rGO/Ti and Ag@rGO/Ti nanocomposites exhibit significantly enhanced strength with superior elongation to fracture (846 MPa-11.6 and 900 MPa-8.4%, respectively, basically reaching the level of the commercial Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy), which are much higher than those of the fabricated Ti (670 MPa-7.0%) and rGO/Ti composites (726 MPa-11.3%). Furthermore, fracture toughness values of the M@rGO/Ti composites are all significantly improved, that is, the highest KIC value is 34.4 MPa·m1/2 for 0.5Cu@rGO/Ti composites, which is 20.28 and 51.5% higher than those of monolithic Ti and 0.5rGO/Ti composites, respectively. The outstanding mechanical properties of Ag@rGO/Ti and Cu@rGO/Ti composites are attributed to the effective load transfer of in situ formed TiC nanoparticles and the formation of interfacial intermetallic compounds between the rGO nanosheets and Ti matrix. This study provides new insights and approach for the fabrication of metal-modified graphene/Ti composites with a high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Dong
- Advanced Materials Research Central, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an 710016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shengyang 110819, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Advanced Materials Research Central, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an 710016, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | - Jinwen Lu
- Advanced Materials Research Central, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an 710016, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoteng Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Tyne NE1 8ST, U.K
| | - Ning Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, P. R. China
- Xi'an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710016, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Advanced Materials Research Central, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an 710016, P. R. China
- Xi'an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710016, P. R. China
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10
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Antibacterial effect of TiAg alloy motivated by Ag-containing phases. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112266. [PMID: 34474825 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The precipitates in Ti-Ag alloy made an important contribution to antibacterial activity. In order to study this specific effects, Ti-Ag samples with different forms of precipitates were produced by powder metallurgy and ingot metallurgy followed by heat treatment: Ti-Ag(T4) with no precipitate, Ti-Ag(as-cast) and Ti-Ag(T6) with Ti2Ag and Ti-Ag(PM) with Ti2Ag and Ag-rich phase. Microstructure was analyzed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), and the antibacterial effects, expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein leakage and biocompatibility were investigated by plate count method, staining technology and cell test. The antibacterial ability was in the following order from low to high: Ti-Ag(T4) < Ti-Ag(as-cast) < Ti-Ag(T6) < Ti-Ag(PM). It was elucidated that Ag-containing phase was the major controlling factor of Ti-Ag antibacterial property and Ti-Ag(PM) with micro-size Ti2Ag and Ag-rich phase exhibited high antibacterial activity. It was proposed that the existence of Ag-containing phases induced high expression of ROS in bacteria, which destroyed the homeostasis of the bacteria and eventually leads to the rupture of the bacterial membrane. Cell test indicated that Ti-Ag samples had no adverse effect on cells and had good biocompatibility.
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11
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Zhang E, Zhao X, Hu J, Wang R, Fu S, Qin G. Antibacterial metals and alloys for potential biomedical implants. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2569-2612. [PMID: 33615045 PMCID: PMC7876544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metals and alloys, including stainless steel, titanium and its alloys, cobalt alloys, and other metals and alloys have been widely used clinically as implant materials, but implant-related infection or inflammation is still one of the main causes of implantation failure. The bacterial infection or inflammation that seriously threatens human health has already become a worldwide complaint. Antibacterial metals and alloys recently have attracted wide attention for their long-term stable antibacterial ability, good mechanical properties and good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. In this review, common antibacterial alloying elements, antibacterial standards and testing methods were introduced. Recent developments in the design and manufacturing of antibacterial metal alloys containing various antibacterial agents were described in detail, including antibacterial stainless steel, antibacterial titanium alloy, antibacterial zinc and alloy, antibacterial magnesium and alloy, antibacterial cobalt alloy, and other antibacterial metals and alloys. Researches on the antibacterial properties, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of antibacterial metals and alloys have been summarized in detail for the first time. It is hoped that this review could help researchers understand the development of antibacterial alloys in a timely manner, thereby could promote the development of antibacterial metal alloys and the clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlin Zhang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
- Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Ruoxian Wang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Gaowu Qin
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
- Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
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12
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Wang P, Yuan Y, Xu K, Zhong H, Yang Y, Jin S, Yang K, Qi X. Biological applications of copper-containing materials. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:916-927. [PMID: 33210018 PMCID: PMC7647998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an indispensable trace metal element in the human body, which is mainly absorbed in the stomach and small intestine and excreted into the bile. Copper is an important component and catalytic agent of many enzymes and proteins in the body, so it can influence human health through multiple mechanisms. Based on the biological functions and benefits of copper, an increasing number of researchers in the field of biomaterials have focused on developing novel copper-containing biomaterials, which exhibit unique properties in protecting the cardiovascular system, promoting bone fracture healing, and exerting antibacterial effects. Copper can also be used in promoting incisional wounds healing, killing cancer cells, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging, radioimmunological tracing and radiotherapy of cancer. In the present review, the biological functions of copper in the human body are presented, along with an overview of recent progress in our understanding of the biological applications and development of copper-containing materials. Furthermore, this review also provides the prospective on the challenges of those novel biomaterials for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Yonghui Yuan
- Clinical Research Center for Malignant Tumor of Liaoning Province, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Hongshan Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Yinghui Yang
- Suzhou Silvan Medical Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shiyu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China
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13
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Xu X, Lu Y, Zhou L, He M, Zhuo J, Zhong Q, Luo K, Lin J. Tuning osteoporotic macrophage responses to favour regeneration by Cu-bearing titanium alloy in Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced microenvironments. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbaa045. [PMID: 33732491 PMCID: PMC7947590 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration in inflammatory microenvironments of osteoporotic patients with large alveolar bone defects remains a great challenge. Macrophages are necessary for alveolar bone regeneration via their polarization and paracrine actions. Our previous studies showed that Cu-bearing Ti6Al4V alloys are capable of regulating macrophage responses. When considering the complexity of oral microenvironments, the influences of Cu-bearing Ti6Al4V alloys on osteoporotic macrophages in infectious microenvironments are worthy of further investigations. In this study, we fabricated Ti6Al4V-Cu alloy by selective laser melting technology and used Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g-LPS) to imitate oral pathogenic bacterial infections. Then, we evaluated the impacts of Ti6Al4V-Cu on osteoporotic macrophages in infectious microenvironments. Our results indicated that Ti6Al4V-Cu not only inhibited the P.g-LPS-induced M1 polarization and pro-inflammatory cytokine production of osteoporotic macrophages but also shifted polarization towards the pro-regenerative M2 phenotype and remarkably promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine release. In addition, Ti6Al4V-Cu effectively promoted the activity of COMMD1 to potentially repress NF-κB-mediated transcription. It is concluded that the Cu-bearing Ti6Al4V alloy results in ameliorated osteoporotic macrophage responses to create a favourable microenvironment under infectious conditions, which holds promise to develop a GBR-barrier membrane for alveolar bone regeneration of osteoporosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongcheng Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanjin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000049, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital & Fujian Health College Affiliated Hospital, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Mengjiao He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jin Zhuo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Quan Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinxin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000049, China
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14
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Xu D, Wang T, Wang S, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Bi Z, Geng S. Antibacterial Effect of the Controlled Nanoscale Precipitates Obtained by Different Heat Treatment Schemes with a Ti-Based Nanomaterial, Ti-7.5Mo-5Cu Alloy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6145-6154. [PMID: 35021747 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that copper is an excellent option for a Ti-based alloy component as a β-stabilizer that provides improved biocompatibility and antibacterial ability. The development of a Ti-based nanomaterial containing Cu is a promising strategy for addressing implant-associated infections (OII). However, the antibacterial mechanism of copper-related alloys is still unknown. There are two popular hypotheses: copper ion release sterilization and alloy contact sterilization. The main mechanism of contact sterilization may be Cu-related phase (Ti2Cu) precipitation. Because excess copper can lead to cytotoxicity and reduce the β-Ti phase content, molybdenum needs to be added to the alloy given its well-known and widely researched β-stabilizer characteristics, which can provide satisfactory mechanical properties, wear resistance, and biocompatibility. Our study created a Ti-based nanomaterial, Ti-7.5Mo-5Cu, and performed two kinds of heat treatment schemes at different solution temperatures: 750 and 900 °C. The above schemes resulted in homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation on the precipitation behavior of the Ti2Cu crystal phase, which controlled its amount, distribution, and size. Finally, our results showed that Ti-7.5Mo-5Cu, especially at 900 °C, possessed excellent antibacterial ability, corrosion resistance, cytocompatibility, and induced osteogenic differentiation, indicating its potential for use as a biomedical antibacterial alloy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shudan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhenggang Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuo Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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15
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Effect of ultrasonic micro-arc oxidation on the antibacterial properties and cell biocompatibility of Ti-Cu alloy for biomedical application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:110921. [PMID: 32600677 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve antibacterial properties and cell biocompatibility of Ti-Cu alloy, an ultrasonic micro-arc oxidation (UMAO) has been applied to Ti-Cu alloy. The corrosion resistance, antibacterial activity and cell compatibility of Ti-Cu alloy before and after UMAO were studied in detail by means of electrochemical test, plate count method and CCK-8 test scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technology to evaluate the application possibilities of UMAO as a surface bio-modification method for Ti-Cu alloy. The surface microstructure characterisation showed that a typical porous coating with a pore diameter of 3-8 μm and a thickness of 5-15 μm was formed on the surface of the Ti-Cu alloy, which significantly improved the surface roughness and hydrophilicity. The plate count method demonstrated that UMAO coatings on Ti-Cu alloy showed strong antibacterial activity (≥99%) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) even after being immersed in a physiological saline for up to 20 days, indicating that UMAO-treated Ti-Cu alloy had very strong long-term antibacterial properties. It is believed that the strong long-term antimicrobial properties of Ti-Cu-UMAO samples were mainly due to the formation of Cu2O and CuO in UMAO coatings. The results of cell compatibility evaluation showed that UMAO treatment did not bring about cytotoxicity but improved the early adhesion of MC3T3 cell.
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16
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Moniri Javadhesari S, Alipour S, Akbarpour MR. Biocompatibility, osseointegration, antibacterial and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Ti-Cu alloy as a new orthopedic material. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 189:110889. [PMID: 32114284 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The demands for high-performance biomaterials are driving the development of new metallic alloys with improved mechanical and biological responses. In this study, a nanocrystalline Ti-Cu intermetallic alloy was prepared by a powder metallurgy route, and its application as an orthopedic material was evaluated by the microstructural, mechanical, corrosion, antibacterial, cytotoxicity and osseointegration examinations. Microstructural characterization revealed the formation of TiCu and Ti2Cu3 as major phases with 23 nm grain size in the structure of the alloy. The synthesized alloy exhibited ultra-high hardness of 10 GPa, acceptable toughness of 8.14 MPam1/2, a ∼98 % anti-bacterial rate against S. aureus and E. coli, excellent cell viability to MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, and high osteoblast formation rate, which indicate a great potential of this alloy for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moniri Javadhesari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Alipour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9466, Azadi Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - M R Akbarpour
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, P.O. Box 83111-55181, Iran.
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Dhaliwal JS, Rahman NA, Knights J, Ghani H, de Albuquerque Junior RF. The effect of different surface topographies of titanium implants on bacterial biofilm: a systematic review. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0638-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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18
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Alshammari Y, Yang F, Bolzoni L. Low-cost powder metallurgy Ti-Cu alloys as a potential antibacterial material. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 95:232-239. [PMID: 31035037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ti and Ti alloys are extensively used in biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties but their high-cost of production is still a limiting factor. It has been reported that the addition of Cu to Ti enables the creation of Ti alloys exhibiting antibacterial properties. Therefore, in this study Ti-Cu alloys (Cu = 0.5, 2.5 and 5 in wt.%) with potential antibacterial activity were fabricated by powder metallurgy (i.e. cold press and vacuum sintering) to reduce the production costs. As many biomaterials are employed as structural components, the Ti-Cu alloys were also subjected to β forging in order to improve their mechanical properties. It is found that the studied Ti-Cu alloys have superior mechanical properties to other commonly used Ti-based materials and are, thus, potential candidate for biomedical applications. Moreover, among the tested materials, the β forged Ti-5Cu alloys has tensile strength of 904 MPa, elongation of 6.7%, and Vickers hardness of 302 HV, which are comparable to those of the Ti-6Al-4V, and comprises the Ti2Cu phase (confirmed by the XRD) as microstructural feature, which is fundamental to guarantee antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Alshammari
- Waikato Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand.
| | - F Yang
- Waikato Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - L Bolzoni
- Waikato Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
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