1
|
Gwon K, Dharmesh E, Nguyen KM, Schornack AMR, de Hoyos-Vega JM, Ceylan H, Stybayeva G, Peterson QP, Revzin A. Designing magnetic microcapsules for cultivation and differentiation of stem cell spheroids. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:127. [PMID: 39261472 PMCID: PMC11390961 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) represent an excellent cell source for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. However, there remains a need for robust and scalable differentiation of stem cells into functional adult tissues. In this paper, we sought to address this challenge by developing magnetic microcapsules carrying hPSC spheroids. A co-axial flow-focusing microfluidic device was employed to encapsulate stem cells in core-shell microcapsules that also contained iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). These microcapsules exhibited excellent response to an external magnetic field and could be held at a specific location. As a demonstration of utility, magnetic microcapsules were used for differentiating hPSC spheroids as suspension cultures in a stirred bioreactor. Compared to standard suspension cultures, magnetic microcapsules allowed for more efficient media change and produced improved differentiation outcomes. In the future, magnetic microcapsules may enable better and more scalable differentiation of hPSCs into adult cell types and may offer benefits for cell transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kihak Gwon
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ether Dharmesh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kianna M Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Jose M de Hoyos-Vega
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hakan Ceylan
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Quinn P Peterson
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hong J, Wu D, Wang H, Gong Z, Zhu X, Chen F, Wang Z, Zhang M, Wang X, Fang X, Yang S, Zhu J. Magnetic fibrin nanofiber hydrogel delivering iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles promotes peripheral nerve regeneration. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae075. [PMID: 39055306 PMCID: PMC11272175 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a debilitating condition that have a profound impact on the overall quality of an individual's life. The repair of peripheral nerve defects continues to present significant challenges in the field. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) have been recognized as potent nanotools for promoting the regeneration of peripheral nerves due to their capability as biological carriers and their ability to template the hydrogel structure under an external magnetic field. This research used a fibrin nanofiber hydrogel loaded with IONPs (IONPs/fibrin) to promote the regeneration of peripheral nerves in rats. In vitro examination of PC12 cells on various concentrations of IONPs/fibrin hydrogels revealed a remarkable increase in NGF and VEGF expression at 2% IONPs concentration. The biocompatibility and degradation of 2% IONPs/fibrin hydrogel were assessed using the in vivo imaging system, demonstrating subcutaneous degradation within a week without immediate inflammation. Bridging a 10-mm sciatic nerve gap in Sprague Dawley rats with 2% IONPs/fibrin hydrogel led to satisfactory morphological recovery of myelinated nerve fibers. And motor functional recovery in the 2% IONPs/fibrin group was comparable to autografts at 6, 9 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Hence, the composite fibrin hydrogel incorporating 2% IONPs exhibits potential for peripheral nerve regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juncong Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China
| | - Dongze Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Zhe Gong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Xinxin Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Fang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Zihang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Mingchen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangqian Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Son B, Park S, Cho S, Kim JA, Baek SH, Yoo KH, Han D, Joo J, Park HH, Park TH. Improved Neural Inductivity of Size-Controlled 3D Human Embryonic Stem Cells Using Magnetic Nanoparticles. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0011. [PMID: 38500782 PMCID: PMC10944702 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: To improve the efficiency of neural development from human embryonic stem cells, human embryoid body (hEB) generation is vital through 3-dimensional formation. However, conventional approaches still have limitations: long-term cultivation and laborious steps for lineage determination. Methods: In this study, we controlled the size of hEBs for ectodermal lineage specification using cell-penetrating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which resulted in reduced time required for initial neural induction. The magnetized cells were applied to concentrated magnetic force for magnet-derived multicellular organization. The uniformly sized hEBs were differentiated in neural induction medium (NIM) and suspended condition. This neurally induced MNP-hEBs were compared with other groups. Results: As a result, the uniformly sized MNP-hEBs in NIM showed significantly improved neural inductivity through morphological analysis and expression of neural markers. Signaling pathways of the accelerated neural induction were detected via expression of representative proteins; Wnt signaling, dopaminergic neuronal pathway, intercellular communications, and mechanotransduction. Consequently, we could shorten the time necessary for early neurogenesis, thereby enhancing the neural induction efficiency. Conclusion: Overall, this study suggests not only the importance of size regulation of hEBs at initial differentiation stage but also the efficacy of MNP-based neural induction method and stimulations for enhanced neural tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boram Son
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Cho
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Baek
- Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Yoo
- SIMPLE Planet Inc., 48 Achasan-ro 17-gil, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04799, Korea
| | - Dongoh Han
- SIMPLE Planet Inc., 48 Achasan-ro 17-gil, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04799, Korea
| | - Jinmyoung Joo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jung J, Kim S, Rah SH, Lee J, Shon MJ. Force-fluorescence setup for observing protein-DNA interactions under load. Methods Enzymol 2024; 694:137-165. [PMID: 38492949 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
This chapter explores advanced single-molecule techniques for studying protein-DNA interactions, particularly focusing on Replication Protein A (RPA) using a force-fluorescence setup. It combines magnetic tweezers (MT) with total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, enabling detailed observation of DNA behavior under mechanical stress. The chapter details the use of DNA hairpins and bare DNA to examine RPA's binding dynamics and its influence on DNA's mechanical properties. This approach provides deeper insights into RPA's role in DNA replication, repair, and recombination, highlighting its significance in maintaining genomic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehun Jung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Rah
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayil Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Institute of Basic Science Center for Genomic Integrity, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Shon
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hong S, Yang T, Go A, Kim H, Yoon TY, Shon MJ. High-speed measurements of SNARE-complexin interactions using magnetic tweezers. Methods Enzymol 2024; 694:109-135. [PMID: 38492948 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
In neuroscience, understanding the mechanics of synapses, especially the function of force-sensitive proteins at the molecular level, is essential. This need emphasizes the importance of precise measurement of synaptic protein interactions. Addressing this, we introduce high-resolution magnetic tweezers (MT) as a novel method to probe the mechanics of synapse-related proteins with high precision. We demonstrate this technique through studying SNARE-complexin interactions, crucial for synaptic transmission, showcasing its capability to apply specific forces to individual molecules. Our results reveal that high-resolution MT provides in-depth insights into the stability and dynamic transitions of synaptic protein complexes. This method is a significant advancement in synapse biology, offering a new tool for researchers to investigate the impact of mechanical forces on synaptic functions and their implications for neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seokyun Hong
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Yang
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Go
- Engitein Research Institute, Engitein, Siheung, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesoo Kim
- Engitein Research Institute, Engitein, Siheung, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Yoon
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomarker Discovery, PROTEINA Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ju Shon
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mocanu-Dobranici AE, Costache M, Dinescu S. Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Cell Behavior in Response to Magnetic Materials and Magnetic Stimulation in Stem Cell (Neurogenic) Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032028. [PMID: 36768351 PMCID: PMC9916404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic materials and magnetic stimulation have gained increasing attention in tissue engineering (TE), particularly for bone and nervous tissue reconstruction. Magnetism is utilized to modulate the cell response to environmental factors and lineage specifications, which involve complex mechanisms of action. Magnetic fields and nanoparticles (MNPs) may trigger focal adhesion changes, which are further translated into the reorganization of the cytoskeleton architecture and have an impact on nuclear morphology and positioning through the activation of mechanotransduction pathways. Mechanical stress induced by magnetic stimuli translates into an elongation of cytoskeleton fibers, the activation of linker in the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, and nuclear envelope deformation, and finally leads to the mechanical regulation of chromatin conformational changes. As such, the internalization of MNPs with further magnetic stimulation promotes the evolution of stem cells and neurogenic differentiation, triggering significant changes in global gene expression that are mediated by histone deacetylases (e.g., HDAC 5/11), and the upregulation of noncoding RNAs (e.g., miR-106b~25). Additionally, exposure to a magnetic environment had a positive influence on neurodifferentiation through the modulation of calcium channels' activity and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation. This review presents an updated and integrated perspective on the molecular mechanisms that govern the cellular response to magnetic cues, with a special focus on neurogenic differentiation and the possible utility of nervous TE, as well as the limitations of using magnetism for these applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 050063 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 050063 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Park S, Kim YK, Kim S, Son B, Jang J, Park TH. Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells using size-controlled graphene oxide flakes. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213221. [PMID: 36459949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been revealed that the physical microenvironment can be translated into cellular mechanosensing to direct human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation. Graphene oxide (GO), a major derivative of graphene, has been regarded as a promising material for stem cell lineage specification due to its biocompatibility and unique physical properties to interact with stem cells. Especially, the lateral size of GO flakes is regarded as the key factor regulating cellular response caused by GO. In this work, GO that had been mechanically created and had an average diameter of 0.9, 1.1, and 1.7 m was produced using a ball-mill process. When size-controlled GO flakes were applied to hMSCs, osteogenic differentiation was enhanced by GO with a specific average diameter of 1.7 μm. It was confirmed that osteogenic differentiation was increased due to the enhanced expression of focal adhesion and the development of focal adhesion subordinate signals via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) pathway. These results suggest that size-controlled GO flakes could be efficient materials for promoting osteogenesis of hMSCs. Results of this study could also improve our understanding of the correlation between hMSCs and cellular responses to GO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sora Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ki Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulha Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Son
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimri-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|