Easson MW, Fronczek FR, Jensen TJ, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and in vitro properties of trimethylamine- and phosphonate-substituted carboranylporphyrins for application in BNCT.
Bioorg Med Chem 2008;
16:3191-208. [PMID:
18178445 PMCID:
PMC2366195 DOI:
10.1016/j.bmc.2007.12.020]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 12/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of carboranylporphyrins containing either amine or phosphonic acid functionalities and two to six closo-carborane clusters have been synthesized via a [2+2] condensation of a dimethylamino- or diethylphosphonate-substituted dipyrromethane with a dicarboranylmethyl-benzaldehyde. The X-ray structures of four key reaction intermediates (1, 2, 3, and 4a) and of two target porphyrins, the diphosphonate ester- and the diamino-tetracarboranylporphyrins 5b and 6a, are presented and discussed. In vitro studies using human carcinoma HEp2 and human glioblastoma T98G cells show that these porphyrins are non-toxic in the dark up to 100 microM concentrations, and that a tetracarboranylporphyrin bearing two quaternary ammonium groups is the most efficiently taken up by cells at short times (up to 8 h), followed by a dicarboranylporphyrin bearing three phosphonic acid substituents. All carboranylporphyrins delivered therapeutic amounts of boron to T98G cells and localized mainly within the cell lysosomes.
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