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Sirangelo I, Iannuzzi C. Understanding the Role of Protein Glycation in the Amyloid Aggregation Process. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126609. [PMID: 34205510 PMCID: PMC8235188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein function and flexibility is directly related to the native distribution of its structural elements and any alteration in protein architecture leads to several abnormalities and accumulation of misfolded proteins. This phenomenon is associated with a range of increasingly common human disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, type II diabetes, and a number of systemic amyloidosis characterized by the accumulation of amyloid aggregates both in the extracellular space of tissues and as intracellular deposits. Post-translational modifications are known to have an active role in the in vivo amyloid aggregation as able to affect protein structure and dynamics. Among them, a key role seems to be played by non-enzymatic glycation, the most unwanted irreversible modification of the protein structure, which strongly affects long-living proteins throughout the body. This study provided an overview of the molecular effects induced by glycation on the amyloid aggregation process of several protein models associated with misfolding diseases. In particular, we analyzed the role of glycation on protein folding, kinetics of amyloid formation, and amyloid cytotoxicity in order to shed light on the role of this post-translational modification in the in vivo amyloid aggregation process.
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Bhat WF, Ahmed A, Abbass S, Afsar M, Bano B, Masood A. Deciphering the Nature of Caffeic Acid to Inhibit the HSA Aggregation Induced by Glyoxal. Protein Pept Lett 2020; 27:725-735. [PMID: 32003651 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200129105141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under certain circumstances, the path for protein folding deviates and attains an alternative path forming misfolded states, which are the key precursors for protein aggregation. Protein aggregation is associated with variety of diseases and leads to the cytotoxicity. These protein aggregate related diseases have been untreated so far. However, extensive attempts have been applied to develop anti-aggregating agents as possible approaches to overcome protein aggregation. Different types of substances have been reported to halt or decrease the formation of ordered protein aggregates both in vitro and in vivo, such as polyphenols and metal ions. OBJECTIVE In the present study the in vitro aggregation of human serum albumin (HSA) by using a reactive dicarbonyl glyoxal has been investigated, simultaneously an attempt has been done to inhibit the glyoxal (GO) induced aggregation of (HSA) by caffeic acid (CA). METHODS Different methods have been employed to investigate the process, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, cango red binding assay, thioflavin T dye binding, turbidimetric analysis, docking study and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Results have shown that elevated concentration of GO forms aggregates of HSA, and the activity of CA suggested the possibility of inhibiting the HSA aggregation at higher concentrations, and this compound was found to have an anti-aggregation property. CONCLUSION The present study explained that micro molar concentrations of CA inhibits the aggregation of HSA and showed pronounced anti-aggregation effect at increasing concentrations in the presence of GO which is elevated in diabetic and hyperglycaemia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Feeroze Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar - 190006, India
| | - Azaj Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202002, India
| | - Shabeena Abbass
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar - 190006, India
| | - Mohammad Afsar
- CSIR, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bilqees Bano
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202002, India
| | - Akbar Masood
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar - 190006, India
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Polykretis P, Luchinat E, Boscaro F, Banci L. Methylglyoxal interaction with superoxide dismutase 1. Redox Biol 2020; 30:101421. [PMID: 31931282 PMCID: PMC6957824 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive aldehyde spontaneously formed in human cells mainly as a by-product of glycolysis. Such endogenous metabolite reacts with proteins, nucleotides and lipids forming advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). MG binds to arginine, lysine and cysteine residues of proteins causing the formation of stable adducts that can interfere with protein function. Among the proteins affected by glycation, MG has been found to react with superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a fundamental anti-oxidant enzyme that is abundantly expressed in neurons. Considering the high neuronal susceptibility to MG-induced oxidative stress, we sought to investigate by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy which are the structural modifications induced on SOD1 by the reaction with MG. We show that MG reacts preferentially with the disulfide-reduced, demetallated form of SOD1, gradually causing its unfolding, and to a lesser extent, with the intermediate state of maturation – the reduced, zinc-bound homodimer – causing its gradual monomerization. These results suggest that MG could impair the correct maturation of SOD1 in vivo, thus both increasing cellular oxidative stress and promoting the cytotoxic misfolding and aggregation process of SOD1. MG forms stable adducts with the immature forms of SOD1. MG causes the unfolding of the apo-SOD1SH form. MG causes the monomerization of the E,Zn-SOD1SH form. In both forms, arginine 143 is more prone to interact with MG. The structural modifications caused by MG impair the correct maturation of SOD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagis Polykretis
- Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metallo Proteins (CIRMMP), via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Enrico Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center - CERM, University of Florence, via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, viale Morgagni 50, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Boscaro
- Mass Spectrometry Center (CISM), University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center - CERM, University of Florence, via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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Sriraksa N, Kongsui R, Thongrong S, Duangjai A, Hawiset T. Effect of Azadirachta indica flower extract on functional recovery of sciatic nerve crush injury in rat models of DM. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:541-550. [PMID: 30651834 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia causes nerves to be more susceptible to compression, which often occurs as a result of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. Oxidative stress impairs nerve function and delays nerve recovery. Azadirachta indica, a herb from Thailand, possesses antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the effect of A. indica flower extract on the functional recovery of a sciatic nerve crush injury in rat models of diabetes mellitus (DM). Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into seven groups including the control rats, rats with DM subjected to sham surgery and treated with vehicle, and rats with DM subjected to the crush surgery and treated with vehicle or A. indica flower extract at a dose of 250, 500 or 750 mg/kg animal body weight, or with vitamin C. DM was induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg animal body weight). Rats subjected to a sciatic nerve crush injury or sham surgery were orally treated with either vehicle, A. indica flower extract or vitamin C for 21 days. Functional recovery was assessed every 3 days using a walking track analysis, foot withdrawal reflex test and rotarod test. At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed and their left sciatic nerves were harvested in order to determine malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase activity and axon density. The treatment with A. indica flower extract significantly improved functional recovery, especially motor and sensory functions. The extract significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels, and increased superoxide dismutase activity and axon density. The results of the current study indicate that the mechanism underlying the enhanced functional recovery of the sciatic nerve following treatment with A. indica flower extract may be associated with an antioxidative effect. However, further studies are required to confirm the current results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napatr Sriraksa
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Ratchaniporn Kongsui
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Sitthisak Thongrong
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Thaneeya Hawiset
- School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Mueang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Soboleva A, Schmidt R, Vikhnina M, Grishina T, Frolov A. Maillard Proteomics: Opening New Pages. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2677. [PMID: 29231845 PMCID: PMC5751279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation is a ubiquitous non-enzymatic post-translational modification, formed by reaction of protein amino and guanidino groups with carbonyl compounds, presumably reducing sugars and α-dicarbonyls. Resulting advanced glycation end products (AGEs) represent a highly heterogeneous group of compounds, deleterious in mammals due to their pro-inflammatory effect, and impact in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and ageing. The body of information on the mechanisms and pathways of AGE formation, acquired during the last decades, clearly indicates a certain site-specificity of glycation. It makes characterization of individual glycation sites a critical pre-requisite for understanding in vivo mechanisms of AGE formation and developing adequate nutritional and therapeutic approaches to reduce it in humans. In this context, proteomics is the methodology of choice to address site-specific molecular changes related to protein glycation. Therefore, here we summarize the methods of Maillard proteomics, specifically focusing on the techniques providing comprehensive structural and quantitative characterization of glycated proteome. Further, we address the novel break-through areas, recently established in the field of Maillard research, i.e., in vitro models based on synthetic peptides, site-based diagnostics of metabolism-related diseases (e.g., diabetes mellitus), proteomics of anti-glycative defense, and dynamics of plant glycated proteome during ageing and response to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Soboleva
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Rico Schmidt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany.
| | - Maria Vikhnina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Tatiana Grishina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Inhibitory effect of alliin from Allium sativum on the glycation of superoxide dismutase. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:182-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Sirangelo I, Vella FM, Irace G, Manco G, Iannuzzi C. Glycation in Demetalated Superoxide Dismutase 1 Prevents Amyloid Aggregation and Produces Cytotoxic Ages Adducts. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:55. [PMID: 27695694 PMCID: PMC5026054 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) has been implicated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS) through accumulation of protein amyloid aggregates in motor neurons of patients. Amyloid aggregates and protein inclusions are a common pathological feature of many neurological disorders in which protein aggregation seems to be directly related to neurotoxicity. Although, extensive studies performed on the aggregation process of several amyloidogenic proteins in vitro allowed the identification of many physiological factors involved, the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of amyloid aggregates in vivo and in pathological conditions are still poorly understood. Post-translational modifications are known to affect protein structure and function and, recently, much attention has been devoted to the role played by non-enzymatic glycation in stimulating amyloid aggregation and cellular toxicity. In particular, glycation seems to have a determining role both in sporadic and familial forms of ALS and SOD1 has been shown to be glycated in vivo The aim of this study was to investigate the role of glycation on the amyloid aggregation process of both wild-type SOD1 and its ALS-related mutant G93A. To this aim, the glycation kinetics of both native and demetalated SOD have been followed using two different glycating agents, i.e., D-ribose and methylglyoxal. The effect of glycation on the structure and the amyloid aggregation propensity of native and ApoSOD has been also investigated using a combination of biophysical and biochemical techniques. In addition, the effect of SOD glycated species on cellular toxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been evaluated in different cellular models. The results provided by this study contribute to clarify the role of glycation in amyloid aggregation and suggest a direct implication of glycation in the pathology of fALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Sirangelo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Filomena M Vella
- Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology, Italian National Research Council Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Irace
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Manco
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Italian National Research Council Naples, Italy
| | - Clara Iannuzzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of NaplesNaples, Italy; Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Italian National Research CouncilNaples, Italy
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8
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Kassassir H, Siewiera K, Talar M, Stec-Martyna E, Pawlowska Z, Watala C. Non-enzymatic modifications of prostaglandin H synthase 1 affect bifunctional enzyme activity - Implications for the sensitivity of blood platelets to acetylsalicylic acid. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 253:78-92. [PMID: 27083140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to its ability to inhibit the blood platelet PGHS-1, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, Aspirin(®)) is widely used as a preventive agent in atherothrombotic diseases. However, its beneficial effects seem to be lower in diabetic patients, suggesting that protein glycation may impair effective ASA-mediated acetylation process. On the other hand, it is proposed that ASA can prevent some of the late complications of diabetes by lowering the extent of glycation at protein free amino groups. The aim of this work was to evaluate the extents of non-enzymatic N-glycosylation (glycation) and acetylation of blood platelet PGHS-1 (COX-1) and the competition between glycation and acetylation was investigated in order to demonstrate how these two reactions may compete against platelet PGHS-1. When PGHS-1 was incubated with glycating/acetylating agents (glucose, Glu; 1,6-bisphosphofructose, 1,6-BPF; methylglyoxal, MGO, acetylsalicylic acid, ASA), the enzyme was modified in 13.4 ± 1.6, 5.3 ± 0.5, 10.7 ± 1.2 and 6.4 ± 1.1 mol/mol protein, respectively, and its activity was significantly reduced. The prior glycation/carbonylation of PGHS-1 with Glu, 1,6-BPF or MGO decreased the extent of acetylation from 6.4 ± 1.1 down to 2.5 ± 0.2, 3.6 ± 0.3 and 5.2 ± 0.2 mol/mol protein, respectively, but the enzyme still remained susceptible to the subsequent inhibition of its activity with ASA. When PGHS-1 was first acetylated with ASA and then incubated with glycating/carbonylating agents, we observed the following reductions in the enzyme modifications: from 13.4 ± 1.6 to 8.7 ± 0.6 mol/mol protein for Glu, from 5.3 ± 0.5 to 3.9 ± 0.3 mol/mol protein for 1,6-BPF and from 10.7 ± 1.2 to 7.5 ± 0.5 mol/mol protein for MGO, however subsequent glycation/carbonylation did not significantly affect PGHS-1 function. Overall, our outcomes allow to better understand the structural aspects of the chemical competition between glycation and acetylation of PGHS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Kassassir
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka str., 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Siewiera
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka str., 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Talar
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka str., 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Emilia Stec-Martyna
- Central Scientific Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka str., 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Zofia Pawlowska
- Central Scientific Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka str., 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Haemostasis and Haemostatic Disorders, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka str., 92-215, Lodz, Poland.
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Voziyan P, Brown KL, Chetyrkin S, Hudson B. Site-specific AGE modifications in the extracellular matrix: a role for glyoxal in protein damage in diabetes. Clin Chem Lab Med 2014; 52:39-45. [PMID: 23492568 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic modification of proteins in hyperglycemia is a major proposed mechanism of diabetic complications. Specifically, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) derived from hyperglycemia-induced reactive carbonyl species (RCS) can have pathogenic consequences when they target functionally critical protein residues. Modification of a small number of these critical residues, often undetectable by the methodologies relying on measurements of total AGE levels, can cause significant functional damage. Therefore, detection of specific sites of protein damage in diabetes is central to understanding the molecular basis of diabetic complications and for identification of biomarkers which are mechanistically linked to the disease. The current paradigm of RCS-derived protein damage places a major focus on methylglyoxal (MGO), an intermediate of cellular glycolysis. We propose that glyoxal (GO) is a major contributor to extracellular matrix (ECM) damage in diabetes. Here, we review the current knowledge and provide new data about GO-derived site-specific ECM modification in experimental diabetes.
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A structural study on the protection of glycation of superoxide dismutase by thymoquinone. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 69:476-81. [PMID: 24933520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in tissues and serum plays important roles in diabetes-associated complications. Therefore, the identification of antiglycating compounds is attracting considerable interest. In this study, the structural changes associated with the glycation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its protection by thymoquinone (TQ) have been investigated by biophysical techniques. Incubation of SOD with glucose, methylglyoxal (MG) or both at 37̊C resulted in progressive hyperchromicity at 280nm, intrinsic fluorescence quenching at 310nm, decrease in negative ellipticity at 208nm, AGE-specific fluorescence enhancement in the wavelength range 400-480nm and Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence enhancement at 480nm (fibrillar state enhancement). Therefore, glycation by glucose or MG induced both tertiary and secondary structural changes in SOD and formation of AGEs and fibrils. The changes were more and faster with MG than with glucose since MG is a stronger glycating agent than glucose. TQ offered protection against glucose or MG-induced glycation of SOD as observed by a reduction in the structural changes, formation of AGEs and fibrils. Thus, TQ can be used for reducing diabetic complications many of which are due to protein glycation.
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11
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Induction of amyloidogenicity in wild type HEWL by a dialdehyde: Analysis involving multi dimensional approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 64:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Khan MA, Anwar S, Aljarbou AN, Al-Orainy M, Aldebasi YH, Islam S, Younus H. Protective effect of thymoquinone on glucose or methylglyoxal-induced glycation of superoxide dismutase. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 65:16-20. [PMID: 24412154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Glycation plays an important role in various oxidative stress related diseases. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) constitutes an essential defense against oxidative stress. The damage caused by oxidative stress is exacerbated if the antioxidant enzymes themselves are inactivated by glycation. Thymoquinone (TQ) has been reported to have various pharmacological activities. Therefore, the glycation of SOD by glucose or methylglyoxal (MG) and its protection by TQ has been investigated. Incubation of SOD with glucose, MG or both at 37 °C resulted in a progressive decrease in the activity of the enzyme, and a parallel decrease in the amount of protein on SDS-PAGE gels for glucose incubated SOD and formation of high molecular weight aggregates for MG or both glucose and MG incubated enzyme. TQ offered protection against glucose or MG induced loss in SOD activity and fragmentation/cross-linking. The antiglycating activity of TQ appears to be better for mild glycating agents. It is also effective in protecting against strong glycating agents, more when the exposure time to the glycating agent is short. TQ has also earlier been reported to have anti-diabetic effects, and this along with the observed antiglycating effect makes it an effective compound against diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masood A Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia; College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shehwaz Anwar
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ahmad N Aljarbou
- College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia; College of Pharmacy, Al-Ghat College of Health Sciences, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sehbanul Islam
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Hina Younus
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Lesgards JF, Gauthier C, Iovanna J, Vidal N, Dolla A, Stocker P. Effect of reactive oxygen and carbonyl species on crucial cellular antioxidant enzymes. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 190:28-34. [PMID: 21216240 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive carbonyl species (RCS) issuing from lipid and sugar oxidation are known to damage a large number of proteins leading to enzyme inhibition and alteration of cellular functions. Whereas studies in literature only focus on the reactivity of one or two of these compounds, we aimed at comparing in the same conditions of incubations (4 and 24h at 37°C) the effects of both various RCS (4-hydroxynonenal, 4-hydroxyhexenal, acrolein, methylglyoxal, glyoxal, malondialdehyde) and ROS (H₂O₂, AAPH) on the activity of key enzymes involved in cellular oxidative stress: superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). This was realized both in vitro on purified proteins and MIAPaCa-2 cells. Incubation of these enzymes with RCS resulted in a significant time- and concentration-dependent inhibition for both pure enzymes and in cell lysates. Among all RCS and ROS, hydroxynonenal (HNE) was observed as the most toxic for all studied enzymes except for SOD and is followed by hydrogen peroxide. At 100μM, HNE resulted in a 50% reduction of GPx, 56% of GST, 65% of G6PDH, and only 10% of Cu,Zn-SOD. Meanwhile it seems that concentrations used in our study are closer to biological conditions for ROS than for RCS. H₂O₂ and AAPH-induced peroxyl radicals may be probably more toxic towards the studied enzymes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Lesgards
- Biosciences (Institut des sciences moléculaire de Marseille), université Paul Cézanne - UMR 6263, 13397 Marseille, France
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Scholze A, Krueger K, Diedrich M, Räth C, Torges A, Jankowski V, Maier A, Thilo F, Zidek W, Tepel M. Superoxide dismutase type 1 in monocytes of chronic kidney disease patients. Amino Acids 2010; 41:427-38. [PMID: 20931343 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed proteomic profiles in monocytes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and healthy control subjects. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and silver staining indicated differences in protein pattern. Among the analyzed proteins, superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1), which was identified both by MS/MS mass-spectrometry and immunoblotting, was reduced in kidney disease. We characterized SOD1 protein amount, using quantitative in-cell Western assay and immunostaining of 2-DE gel blots, and SOD1 gene expression, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in 98 chronic hemodialysis (HD) and 211 CKD patients, and 34 control subjects. Furthermore, we showed that different SOD1 protein species exist in human monocytes. SOD1 protein amount was significantly lower in HD (normalized SOD1 protein, 27.2 ± 2.8) compared to CKD patients (34.3 ± 2.8), or control subjects (48.0 ± 8.6; mean ± SEM; P < 0.05). Analysis of SOD1 immunostaining showed significantly more SOD1 protein in control subjects compared to patients with CKD or HD (P < 0.0001, analysis of main immunoreactive protein spot). SOD1 gene expression was significantly higher in HD (normalized SOD1 gene expression, 17.8 ± 2.3) compared to CKD patients (9.0 ± 0.7), or control subjects (5.5 ± 1.0; P < 0.0001). An increased SOD1 gene expression may indicate increased protein degradation in patients with CKD and compensatory increase of SOD1 gene expression. Taken together, we show reduced SOD1 protein amount in monocytes of CKD, most pronounced in HD patients, accompanied by increased SOD1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Scholze
- Medizinische Klinik Nephrologie, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Jairajpuri DS, Fatima S, Saleemuddin M. Complexing of glucose oxidase with anti-glucose oxidase antibodies or the F(ab)'(2)/F(ab)' fragments derived therefrom protects both the enzyme and antibody/antibody fragments against glycation. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2009; 73:1235-41. [PMID: 19120028 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297908110102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Incubation of Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase with glucose, fructose, or ribose results in remarkable inactivation of the enzyme. Glucose oxidase incubated with the sugars migrated as a diffuse band of low intensity and silver stained poorly after SDS-PAGE. Purified anti-glucose oxidase antibodies and F(ab)'(2) or F(ab)' derived therefrom were effective in restricting the inactivation of the enzyme induced by the sugars, providing up to 90% protection. The sugars also caused remarkable changes in the electrophoretic behavior of anti-glucose oxidase antibodies and the fragments, but complexing with glucose oxidase restricted the changes both in the enzyme and the antibody/antibody fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Jairajpuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
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16
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Hui L, Diandong H, Baoxia Z, Da W, Hong Y, Xiaoyi W. Serum proteomic profiling associated with immune system impaired by stress using ProteinChip technology. Neuroimmunomodulation 2007; 14:326-30. [PMID: 18421221 DOI: 10.1159/000126921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We set out to use proteomic profiling as a means of defining serum peptides that are indicative of a stress response related to an impact on the immune system. Two types of mouse models with the immune response impaired under stress (restraint stress and thermal stress) comprised the stressed groups (n = 10 in each group), while mice without stress represented the control group (n = 10). ProteinChip technology (surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) was used to investigate the serum proteomic profiles. Histopathological examination of spleens from the stressed and control groups was performed to select appropriate individuals. Compared with the spleens of normal mice, those of mice subjected to restraint and thermal stress had decreased white pulp and lymphoid nodules, and their distribution and structure changed irregularly. Pathological changes occurred in all individuals in both stressed groups. The m/z values of the protein peaks ranged from 1,500 to 50,000 daltons and were mainly in the 2,000- to 20,000-dalton range. One hundred and fifty protein peaks were detected in the three groups. Four downregulated universal stress protein peaks with m/z of 4,389, 5,341, 5,526, and 6,252 were finally selected. Unexpectedly, no upregulated universal stress protein peaks were detected. These results suggested that impairment of the immune system results from inhibition of growth-promoting factors associated with the immune system. Identified protein peaks may be biomarkers of the impaired immune system under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Hui
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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