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Zhang H, Chen M, Xu Y, Wang K, Li H, Chen L, Huang C. Quality control of traditional Chinese medicine Chelidonii herba based on 2D-Q-NMR. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37405. [PMID: 39309912 PMCID: PMC11416267 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chelidonii herba is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with effects including antispasmodic, analgesic, antitussive, and bronchodilator properties. Alkaloids are the main bioactive ingredients in Chelidonii herba. In this study, a two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (Heteronuclear Singular Quantum Correlation, HSQC-2D-NMR) technique was employed to quantitatively analyze the total alkaloid content and three major active alkaloid monomers in Chelidonii herba from eleven different sources. The quantification results of the three monomeric alkaloids were also verified using conventional quantitative control methods such as HPLC. Experimental findings indicate that the total alkaloid content is not directly correlated with the content of the three monomeric alkaloids. Furthermore, the content of any individual monomeric alkaloid does not accurately reflect the overall quality of Chelidonii herba. It was demonstrated that the 2D-Q-NMR NMR can be applied as an alternative method. While maintaining the same levels of accuracy and precision, the 2D-Q-NMR method is simpler to operate and provides more comprehensive results with higher reproducibility in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanbang Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Ningxia Institute for Drug Control, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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Li XL, Sun YP, Wang M, Wang ZB, Kuang HX. Alkaloids in Chelidonium majus L: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1440979. [PMID: 39239653 PMCID: PMC11374730 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1440979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chelidonium majus L. (C. majus), commonly known as "Bai Qu Cai" in China, belongs to the genus Chelidonium of the Papaveraceae family. It has rich medicinal value, such as alleviating coughs, asthma, spasms and pain. Recent studies have demonstrated that C. majus is abundant in various alkaloids, which are the primary components of C. majus and have a range of pharmacological effects, including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-tumor effects. So far, 94 alkaloids have been isolated from C. majus, including benzophenanthridine, protoberberine, aporphine, protopine and other types of alkaloids. This paper aims to review the research progress in phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of C. majus alkaloids, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of C. majus in the field of medicinal chemistry and to afford reference for further research and development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Zwerger M, Boeck L, Manzl J, Schwaiger S, Ganzera M. Novel Approaches for the Analysis and Isolation of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids in Chelidonium majus. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:523-533. [PMID: 38843792 PMCID: PMC11156497 DOI: 10.1055/a-2204-5686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids are the major bioactive components in Chelidonium majus, a plant that has a long usage history for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments in European and Asian phytomedicine. This study reports on the development and application of a supercritical fluid chromatography technique for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of seven benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in under six minutes using a Viridis BEH 2-EP column and a modifier comprising methanol with 30% acetonitrile and 20 mM ammonium formate. The method was fully validated according to ICH guidelines showing, e.g., excellent linearity (≥ 0.9997) and maximum deviations for intraday and inter-day precision of 2.99 and 2.76%, respectively. The new supercritical fluid chromatography assay was not only employed for the analysis of several C. majus samples but was also used for the subsequent development of a fast centrifugal partition chromatography technique, whereby five benzylisoquinoline alkaloids could be isolated within approximately 2.5 h, with only two of them, protopine and chelidonine, requiring an additional purification step. To achieve this, a solvent system composed of chloroform/methanol/0.3 M hydrochloric acid was used in descending mode. By injecting 500 mg of crude extract, stylopine (1.93 mg), sanguinarine (0.57 mg), chelidonine (1.29 mg), protopine (1.95 mg), and coptisine (7.13 mg) could be obtained. The purity of compounds was confirmed by supercritical fluid chromatography and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zwerger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lynda Boeck
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Manzl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Ganzera
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Shi F, Cao J, Zhou D, Wang X, Yang H, Liu T, Chen Z, Zeng J, Du S, Yang L, Jia R, Zhang S, Zhang M, Guo Y, Lin X. Revealing the clinical effect and biological mechanism of acupuncture in COPD: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115926. [PMID: 38035864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To provide new ideas for the clinical and mechanism research of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), this study systematically reviews clinical research and the progress of basic research of acupuncture in the treatment of COPD. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using acupuncture and COPD as keywords in the last 10 years, and the included literature was determined according to exclusion criteria. FINDINGS Acupuncture can relieve clinical symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, anxiety, and nutritional status, as well as hemorheological changes (blood viscosity), reduce the inflammatory response, and reduce the duration and frequency of COPD in patients with COPD. Mechanistically, acupuncture inhibits M1 macrophage activity, reduces neutrophil infiltration, reduces inflammatory factor production in alveolar type II epithelial cells, inhibits mucus hypersecretion of airway epithelial cells, inhibits the development of chronic inflammation in COPD, and slows tissue structure destruction. Acupuncture may control pulmonary COPD inflammation through the vagal-cholinergic anti-inflammatory, vagal-adrenomedullary-dopamine, vagal-dual-sensory nerve fiber-pulmonary, and CNS-hypothalamus-orexin pathways. Furthermore, acupuncture can increase endogenous cortisol levels by inhibiting the HPA axis, thus improving airway antioxidant capacity and reducing airway inflammation in COPD. In conclusion, the inhibition of the chronic inflammatory response is the key mechanism of acupuncture treatment for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiaojiao Cao
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiaming Zeng
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Simin Du
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ruo Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- School of Intergrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Xiaowei Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Li X, Hu Y, He B, Li L, Tian Y, Xiao Y, Shang H, Zou Z. Design, synthesis and evaluation of ursodeoxycholic acid-cinnamic acid hybrids as potential anti-inflammatory agents by inhibiting Akt/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115785. [PMID: 37678142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-cinnamic acid hybrids were designed and synthesized. The anti-inflammatory activity of these derivatives was screened through evaluating their inhibitory effects of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages. The preliminary structure-activity relationship was concluded. Among them, 2m showed the best inhibitory activity against NO (IC50 = 7.70 μM) with no significant toxicity. Further study revealed that 2m significantly decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2, down-regulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2. Preliminary mechanism study indicated that the anti-inflammatory activity of 2m was related to the inhibition of the Akt/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, 2m reduced inflammation by a mouse model of LPS-induced inflammatory disease in vivo. In brief, our findings indicated that 2m might serve as a new lead compound for further development of anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bingxin He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhongmei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Li M, Zhu Y, Shao J, Wang C, Dong B, Cui H, Dai D. Chelidonine reduces IL-1β-induced inflammation and matrix catabolism in chondrocytes and attenuates cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12604. [PMID: 37585914 PMCID: PMC10427162 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte inflammation and catabolism are two major features in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Chelidonine, a principal alkaloid extracted from Chelidonium majus, is suggested to show anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-oxidation activities in various diseases. However, its potential effects on OA cartilage degeneration remains unclear. To evaluate the effect of chelidonine on OA and its underlying mechanism, we incubated chondrocytes with interleukin (IL)-1β and chelidonine at varying concentrations. Then, we performed the CCK-8 assay, fluorescence immunostaining, reverse transcription PCR, ELISA, and western blotting to evaluate cell viability, catabolic/inflammatory factors, levels of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins, and the involved pathways. H&E and Safranin-O staining and ELISA were performed to measure cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation. Chelidonine suppressed the IL-1β-mediated catabolism and inflammation of chondrocytes. Chelidonine suppressed the NF-κB pathway activation. Similarly, our in vivo experiment showed that chelidonine partially attenuated cartilage degradation while inhibiting synovial inflammation. Chelidonine inhibited inflammation and catabolism through modulation of NF-κB pathways in vitro, thereby avoiding rat cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation within OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huainan Chaoyang Hospital, Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Chuanbing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Haiyong Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People's Hospital), Huainan, Anhui, China
| | - Dongdong Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Huainan Oriental Hospital Group Affiliated to Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China
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Chotphruethipong L, Chanvorachote P, Reudhabibadh R, Singh A, Benjakul S, Roytrakul S, Hutamekalin P. Chitooligosaccharide from Pacific White Shrimp Shell Chitosan Ameliorates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via NF-κB, Erk1/2, Akt and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathways in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells. Foods 2023; 12:2740. [PMID: 37509832 PMCID: PMC10379839 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharide (COS), found in both insects and marine sources, has several bioactivities, such as anti-inflammation and antioxidant activities. However, the mechanism of shrimp shell COS on retardation of inflammatory and antioxidant effects is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the mechanism of the aforementioned activities of COS in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. COS significantly improved cell viability in LPS-activated cells. COS at the level of 500 µg/mL could reduce the TNF-α, NO and IL-6 generations in LPS-activated cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, COS could reduce ROS formation, NF-κB overactivation, phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and Akt and Nrf2/HO-1 in LPS-exposed cells. These results indicate that COS manifests anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant action via NF-κB, Erk1/2, Akt and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling with an increasing relevance for inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Chotphruethipong
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Mueang Chonburi, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Avtar Singh
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
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Wang L, Li P, Zhou Y, Gu R, Lu G, Zhang C. Magnoflorine Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Suppressing the Inflammation Response via the NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2271-2296. [PMID: 37265745 PMCID: PMC10231344 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s406298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Magnoflorine (Mag) has been reported to have anxiolytics, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of Mag on the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and explore the underlying mechanism using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage inflammation model. Methods The in vivo effects of Mag on CIA were studied by inducing CIA in a mouse model using DBA/1J mice followed by treatment with vehicle, methotrexate (MTX, 1 mg/kg/d), and Mag (5 mg/kg/d, 10 mg/kg/d, and 20 mg/kg/d), and the in vitro effects of Mag on macrophages were examined by stimulation of RAW264.7 cells line and peritoneal macrophages (PMs) by LPS in the presence of different concentrations of Mag. Network pharmacology and molecular docking was then performed to predict the the binding ability between Mag and its targets. Inflammatory mediators were assayed by quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Signaling pathway changes were subsequently determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results In vivo experiments demonstrated that Mag decreased arthritis severity scores, joints destruction, and macrophages infiltration into the synovial tissues of the CIA mice. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that Mag interacted with TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1. Consistent with this, analysis of the serum, synovial tissue of the CIA mice, and the supernatant of the cultured RAW264.7 cells and PMs showed that Mag suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, iNOS, and IFN-β. Furthermore, Mag attenuated the phosphorylation of p65, IκBα, ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs in the synovial tissues of the CIA mice and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion Mag may exert anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renjun Gu
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Lu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunbing Zhang
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Increased expression of CB2 receptor in the intestinal biopsies of children with inflammatory bowel disease. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:520-525. [PMID: 35717484 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Cannabinoid Receptor type 2 (CB2) is involved in inflammation and immune cell modulation. In previous studies, we demonstrated the association between the CNR2 rs35761398 polymorphism and the risk for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we analyzed the intestinal biopsies from Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) pediatric patients at the diagnosis to evaluate the expression of CB2 and several factors associated with IBD inflammatory pathways. METHODS We enrolled five patients with CD, five with UC, and five controls (CTR). We analyzed ileum and rectum biopsies from patients of each group evaluating the expression of CB2, Toll-like receptor 4, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β by western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Western blot analysis showed a significant increase of CB2 in the CD ileum and in the UC rectum biopsies and an increase of TLR4 in the UC rectum. We also observed a significant over-expression of the IL-6 in UC rectum. The immunofluorescence analysis confirmed western blot data, showing also a T-lymphocytes infiltration colocalized with CB2 expression in the CD ileum and UC rectum. CONCLUSIONS Our results show an upregulation of CB2 in pediatric IBD, which might have implications for drug discovery. IMPACT The Cannabinoid Receptor type 2 (CB2) is involved in the inflammation and modulation of the immune response in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). CB2 receptor is more expressed in the inflamed intestine of pediatric IBD patients. CB2 could be used as a potential therapeutic target to reduce IBD-related inflammatory state in childhood.
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Cao Z, Zhu S, Xue Z, Zhang F, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Zhan G, Zhang X, Guo Z. Isoquinoline alkaloids from Hylomecon japonica and their potential anti-breast cancer activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 202:113321. [PMID: 35921889 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Four pairs of undescribed enantiomeric isoquinoline alkaloids (6S/R-(N,N-diethylacetamido)yl-dihydrochelerythrine, 6R/S-acetonyl-9-hydroxy-dihydrochelerythrine, 6S/R-acroleinyl-dihydrochelerythrine, 6S/R-acetatemethyl-dihydrochelerythrine), five undescribed isoquinoline alkaloids (6,10-dimethoxydihydrochelerythrine, 6-ethoxy-ethaniminyl-dihydrochelandine, 9-hydroxy-dihydrochelerythrine, 9-methoxy-10-hydroxy-norchelerythrine, chelidoniumine A), together with 13 known isoquinoline alkaloids were isolated from an extract of the roots and rhizomes of Hylomecon japonica. The structures of the undescribed compounds were identified by NMR, HRESIMS, UV, IR, and their absolute configurations were defined via electronic circular dichroism data and optical rotation. All of the isolated compounds were tested for their anti-breast cancer activities in MCF-7 cells. Among them, the undescribed alkaloids 6S/R-acroleinyl-dihydrochelerythrine, 6,10-dimethoxydihydrochelerythrine, 6-ethoxy-ethaniminyl-dihydrochelandine, 9-methoxy-10-hydroxy-norchelerythrine and other known alkaloids 6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine, 6-acetaldehyde-dihyrochelerythrine, dihydrosanguinaline and 10-methoxy boconoline had good inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cells of breast cancer with an IC50 lower than 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Shangjun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Zhaowei Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Fuxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Yuting Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Guanqun Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
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11
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Glucogallin Attenuates the LPS-Induced Signaling in Macrophages and Protects Mice against Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911254. [PMID: 36232563 PMCID: PMC9569803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of beta-glucogallin (BGG), a plant-derived natural product, was evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. For the in vitro study, the ability of BGG pre-treatment to quench LPS-induced effects compared to LPS alone in macrophages was investigated. It was found that BGG pre-treatment showed a significant decrease in ROS, NO, superoxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-17, IL-1β, and IL-6) and increased reduced glutathione coupled with the restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential. Gene profiling and further validation by qPCR showed that BGG pre-treatment downregulated the LPS-induced expression of c-Fos, Fas, MMP-9, iNOS, COX-2, MyD88, TRIF, TRAF6, TRAM, c-JUN, and NF-κB. We observed that BGG pre-treatment reduced nuclear translocation of LPS-activated NF-κB and thus reduced the subsequent expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β, indicating the ability of BGG to inhibit inflammasome formation. Molecular docking studies showed that BGG could bind at the active site of TLR4. Finally, in the LPS-driven sepsis mouse model, we showed that pre-treatment with BGG sustained toxic shock, as evident from their 100% survival. Our study clearly showed the therapeutic potential of BGG in toxic shock syndrome.
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12
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Chelerythrine-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in HepG2 Cells Involves the Inhibition of Akt Pathway and the Activation of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091837. [PMID: 36139911 PMCID: PMC9495744 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chelerythrine (CHE) is a majorly harmful isoquinoline alkaloid ingredient in Chelidonium majus that could trigger potential hepatotoxicity, but the pivotal molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present study, CHE-induced cytotoxicity and the underlying toxic mechanisms were investigated using human HepG2 cells in vitro. Data showed that CHE treatment (at 1.25–10 μM)-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells is dose-dependent. CHE treatment increased the production of ROS and induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Additionally, CHE treatment triggered the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased the expression of mitochondrial complexes, upregulated the expression of Bax, CytC, and cleaved-PARP1 proteins and the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and downregulated the expression of Bcl-XL, and HO-1 proteins, finally resulting in cell apoptosis. N-acetylcysteine supplementation significantly inhibited CHE-induced ROS production and apoptosis. Furthermore, CHE treatment significantly downregulated the expression of phosphorylation (p)-Akt (Ser473), p-mTOR (Ser2448), and p-AMPK (Thr172) proteins in HepG2 cells. Pharmacology inhibition of Akt promoted CHE-induced the downregulation of HO-1 protein, caspase activation, and apoptosis. In conclusion, CHE-induced cytotoxicity may involve the inhibition of Akt pathway and the activation of oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in HepG2 cells. This study sheds new insights into understanding the toxic mechanisms and health risks of CHE.
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13
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Caragana rosea Turcz Methanol Extract Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB/IRF3 Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216660. [PMID: 34771068 PMCID: PMC8586996 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caragana rosea Turcz, which belongs to the Leguminosae family, is a small shrub found in Northern and Eastern China that is known to possess anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat fever, asthma, and cough. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory effects are unknown. Therefore, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 macrophages to investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie the anti-inflammatory activities of a methanol extract of Caragana rosea (Cr-ME). We showed that Cr-ME reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and mRNA levels of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. We also found that Cr-ME blocked MyD88- and TBK1-induced NF-κB and IRF3 promoter activity, suggesting that it affects multiple targets. Moreover, Cr-ME reduced the phosphorylation levels of IκBα, IKKα/β and IRF3 in a time-dependent manner and regulated the upstream NF-κB proteins Syk and Src, and the IRF3 protein TBK1. Upon overexpression of Src and TBK1, Cr-ME stimulation attenuated the phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 and IRF3 signaling. Together, our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of Cr-ME occurs by inhibiting the NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways.
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14
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Akaberi T, Shourgashti K, Emami SA, Akaberi M. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of alkaloids from Glaucium spp. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 191:112923. [PMID: 34454171 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glaucium Mill. comprising 28 species with 78 synonyms, 3 subspecies, and 3 varieties worldwide belongs to the Papaveraceae family. The plants are well known for their different types of alkaloids. In the present study, we attempted to review the chemistry and pharmacology of the alkaloids from the genus Glaucium. For this purpose, the relevant data were collected from different scientific databases including, "Google Scholar", "ISI Web of Knowledge", "PubMed", "Scopus", and available books and e-books. Our results showed that aporphine alkaloids are dominated in the species; however, other types of alkaloids including protopines, benzophenanthridines, benzylisoquinolines, protoberberines, and morphinanes have also been reported from the genus. The pharmacological studies have shown that the alkaloids from Glaucium species have several biological activities of which anti-cancer and anti-cholinesterase effects have been highly reported. Besides, the data indicated that most of the species have been investigated neither phytochemically nor pharmacologically. Glaucium flavum, known as yellow horn poppy, is the most studied species. According to the reports, the plants from this genus have anti-cancer and anti-cholinesterase potentials and can be used as a source for aporphine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Akaberi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Kamran Shourgashti
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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15
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Fang Y, Yang L, He J. Plantanone C attenuates LPS-stimulated inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB/iNOS/COX-2/MAPKs/Akt pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112104. [PMID: 34474343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowers of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers are commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in traditional Chinese medicine with limited scientific evidence. Plantanone C (PC) is a new phytochemical isolated from H. plantaginea flowers; nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory effect remains unknown. Herein, we aimed to study the anti-inflammatory effects of PC and its underlying molecular mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The cell viability of PC-treated RAW 264.7 macrophage was measured by the Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of PC was investigated by measuring the levels of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines using the Griess reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the mechanism of action of PC was evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that PC was not cytotoxic at concentrations as high as 40 μM. Furthermore, PC potently suppressed LPS-stimulated overproduction of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Western blot demonstrated that PC remarkably suppressed the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65, inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), p38, and protein kinase B (Akt), as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that PC exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB, iNOS, COX-2, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Akt signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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16
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Medicinal Herb Extract Mixture, HM-V, on an Animal Model of DNCB-Induced Chronic Skin Inflammation. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081546. [PMID: 34451592 PMCID: PMC8400547 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, are caused by the accumulation of immune cells and the overproduction of chemokines, including CCL17 and CCL22, due to the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted from keratinocytes. In the present study, the inhibitory activity of HM-V on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines was examined in human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNCB)-induced chronic skin contact dermatitis animal models. Traditional Asian medicinal herb extracts mixture (HM-V), which have been extensively used in Asian medicine, were utilized. In TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaTs, HM-V strongly inhibited mRNA and protein expression of CCL17 and CCL22 in a concentration-dependent manner. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was also inhibited. Therefore, localized administration of HM-V in the DNCB-induced animal model alleviated immune cell deposition and skin inflammation. The results indicate that HM-V exerts inhibitory effects on keratinocyte production of CCL17 and CCL22. Furthermore, HM-V may be a useful anti-inflammatory agent for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
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17
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Yang L, Liu R, Ouyang S, Zou M, Duan Y, Li L, Guan T, Zhang T, He J. Compounds DRG and DAG, Two Phenol Glycosides, Inhibit TNF-α-stimulated Inflammatory Response through Blocking NF-kB/AKT/JNK Signaling Pathways in MH7A Cells. Inflammation 2021; 44:1762-1770. [PMID: 33768402 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen constituents were recently isolated from the roots of Dendropanax dentiger with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory effects. However, the effect of 14 constituents on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their action mechanism remain unclear. The study aimed to explore the anti-RA effect and potential mechanism of these constituents in tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-stimulated human RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (MH7A cells). The cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, inflammatory cytokine levels, and protein expressions were measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Griess reagent, ELISA, and Western blot assays, respectively. Results showed that 14 constituents (40 μM) have no cytotoxicity for MH7A cells. Among them, two phenols including 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (DRG) and 3,4-dimethoxyphenol-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (DAG) were shown to significantly inhibit the NO production with IC50 values of 5.25±0.34 and 5.35±0.31 μM, respectively. They also remarkably decreased the release of interleukin (IL)-2, 6, 8, and interferon (IFN)-γ, as well as prominently reduced the phosphorylation protein levels of p65, IkBα, AKT, and JNK at a concentration of 10 μM. Taken together, DRG and DAG could inhibit TNF-α-induced inflammatory response through blocking NF-kB/AKT/JNK signaling pathways in MH7A cells, thus could be promising against RA and other inflammation-related agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yelin Duan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Longmei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei He
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Yang L, Liu R, Fang Y, He J. Anti-inflammatory effect of phenylpropanoids from Dendropanax dentiger in TNF-α-induced MH7A cells via inhibition of NF-κB, Akt and JNK signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 94:107463. [PMID: 33618295 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The root of Dendropanax dentiger (Harms) Merr. has been used for centuries as an empirical treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China without scientific validation. In our recent study, nineteen phenylpropanoids (1-19) with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activities from the ethanol extract of D. dentiger roots, indicated to have a potential anti-RA effect. This study, evaluated the anti-RA effect of 19 phenylpropanoids on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced inflammation in MH7A cells and clarified their underlying mechanisms. As a result, 16 compounds remarkably suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production at a concentration of 40 μM in TNF-α-induced MH7A cells. Among them, pinoresinol (12) and dendrocoumarin A (1) were the most effective substances, which showed significant inhibitory effect on NO production, with IC50 values of 6.25 ± 0.42 and 7.87 ± 0.67 μM, respectively. Furthermore, pinoresinol and dendrocoumarin A remarkably decreased the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, 6, 8, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), as well as prominently reduced the phosphorylation protein levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, I-kappa-B-alpha (IkBα), protein kinase B (Akt), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by Western blot analysis. Taken together, our findings suggest that pinoresinol and dendrocoumarin A may offer new and safe anti-RA candidates by inhibiting NF-kB, Akt and JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yiwei Fang
- First Affilated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Junwei He
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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19
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The Anticancer Effect of Natural Plant Alkaloid Isoquinolines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041653. [PMID: 33562110 PMCID: PMC7915290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoquinoline alkaloids-enriched herbal plants have been used as traditional folk medicine for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic effects. They induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy, leading to cell death. While the molecular mechanisms of these effects are not fully understood, it has been suggested that binding to nucleic acids or proteins, enzyme inhibition, and epigenetic modulation by isoquinoline alkaloids may play a role in the effects. This review discusses recent evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which the isoquinoline alkaloids can be a therapeutic target of cancer treatment.
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20
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Discovery of natural anti-inflammatory alkaloids: Potential leads for the drug discovery for the treatment of inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113165. [PMID: 33454546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is an adaptive response of the immune system to tissue malfunction or homeostatic imbalance. Corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently applied to treat varieties of inflammatory diseases but are associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney side effects. Developing more effective and less toxic agents remain a challenge for pharmaceutical chemist due to the complexity of the different inflammatory processes. Alkaloids are widely distributed in plants with diverse anti-inflammatory activities, providing various potential lead compounds or candidates for the design and discovery of new anti-inflammatory drug candidates. Therefore, re-examining the anti-inflammatory alkaloid natural products is advisable, bringing more opportunities. In this review, we summarized and described the recent advances of natural alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activities and possible mechanisms in the period from 2009 to 2020. It is hoped that this review of anti-inflammatory alkaloids can provide new ideas for researchers engaged in the related fields and potential lead compounds for the discovery of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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21
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Jang HJ, Yang JH, Hong E, Jo E, Lee S, Lee S, Choi JS, Yoo HS, Kang H. Chelidonine Induces Apoptosis via GADD45a-p53 Regulation in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211006191. [PMID: 33884928 PMCID: PMC8077490 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211006191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chelidonium majus has been used as a traditional medicine in China and western countries for various diseases, including inflammation and cancer. However, the anti-cancer effect of chelidonine, a major compound of C. majus extracts, on pancreatic cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that treatment with chelidonine inhibited proliferation of BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cells. Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining assay showed that this growth inhibitory effect of chelidonine was induced through apoptosis. We found that chelidonine treatment upregulated mRNA levels and transcription factor activity in both cell lines. Increases in protein expression levels of p53, GADD45A, p21 and cleaved caspase-3 were also observed, with more distinct changes in MIA PaCa-2 cells compared to the BxPC-3 cells. These results suggest that chelidonine induces pancreatic cancer apoptosis through the p53 and GADD45A pathways. Our findings provide new insights into the use of chelidonine for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Jang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Yang
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Hong
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Jo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
| | - Soon Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soon Choi
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Seung Yoo
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hwa Seung Yoo, East West Cancer Center,
Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Seoul 05836, Rep. of
Korea.
| | - Hyuno Kang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Hyuno Kang, Division of Analytical Science,
Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133,
Republic of Korea.
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22
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Sanguinarine and Chelidonine Synergistically Induce Endosomal Toll-like Receptor and M1-Associated Mediators Expression. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds represent the great capability to stimulate several cell types. Macrophage plays an important role for an effective immune response for infection and inflammation. Isoquinoline alkaloid, sanguinarine, and chelidonine are active compounds that exhibit activity on various tumor cells and immune cells. However, the effect of these compounds on the endosomal toll-like receptor (enTLR) and type I interferon (IFN) are still unclear. The monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were cultured and were determined their cell viability and phagocytic activity to Staphylococcus aureus DMST8840. The nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression were also examined. The expression of enTLRs, type I IFN, and cytokines were determined by real-time PCR. Result shows that the compounds did not affect on MDM cell viability. Sanguinarine and chelidonine enhance phagocytic activity of MDM against Staphylococcus aureus DMST8840 by revealing a higher number of bacterial survival than the MDM treated by polyI:C, and the cell control after co-culture for 3 h. The production of NO has no difference amount but iNOS mRNA production was down-regulated in sanguinarine, chelidonine and their mixed treated MDM. The expressions of enTLRs and IFN-β1 mRNA were up-regulated in both compounds and their combination. Additionally, these compounds also enhance M1-liked cytokine by up-regulated IL-6 and down-regulated IL-10 and TGF-β1, respectively. Therefore, sanguinarine and chelidonine enhance enTLR and IFN-β1 expression and trend to stimulate the cell into M1-liked MDM.
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23
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Andrgie AT, Darge HF, Mekonnen TW, Birhan YS, Hanurry EY, Chou HY, Wang CF, Tsai HC, Yang JM, Chang YH. Ibuprofen-Loaded Heparin Modified Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Inhibiting Excessive Inflammation and Promoting Wound Healing. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2619. [PMID: 33172099 PMCID: PMC7694755 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have been investigated as ideal biomaterials for wound treatment owing to their ability to form a highly moist environment which accelerates cell migration and tissue regeneration for prompt wound healing. They can also be used as a drug carrier for local delivery, and are able to activate immune cells to enhance wound healing. Here, we developed heparin-conjugated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), an injectable, in situ gel-forming polymer, and evaluated its use in wound healing. Ibuprofen was encapsulated into the hydrogel to help reduce pain and excessive inflammation during healing. In addition to in vitro studies, a BALB/c mice model was used to evaluate its effect on would healing and the secretion of inflammatory mediators. The in vitro assay confirmed that the ibuprofen released from the hydrogel dramatically reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppressing the production of NO, PGE2 and TNF-α in RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, an in vivo wound healing assay was conducted by applying hydrogels to wounds on the backs of mice. The results showed that the ibuprofen-loaded hydrogel improved healing relative to the phosphate buffered saline group. This study indicates that ibuprofen loaded in an injectable hydrogel is a promising candidate for wound healing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abegaz Tizazu Andrgie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Haile Fentahun Darge
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Tefera Worku Mekonnen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Endiries Yibru Hanurry
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Hsiao-Ying Chou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Chih-Feng Wang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
- Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (A.T.A.); (H.F.D.); (T.W.M.); (Y.S.B.); (E.Y.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (C.-F.W.)
- Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jen Ming Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 320-338, Taiwan;
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 320-338, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 320-338, Taiwan;
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 320-338, Taiwan
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Shang XF, Yang CJ, Morris-Natschke SL, Li JC, Yin XD, Liu YQ, Guo X, Peng JW, Goto M, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids covering 2014-2018. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2212-2289. [PMID: 32729169 PMCID: PMC7554109 DOI: 10.1002/med.21703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Isoquinoline alkaloids, an important class of N-based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted considerable attention from researchers worldwide since the early 19th century. Over the past 200 years, many compounds from this class were isolated, and most of them and their analogs possess various bioactivities. In this review, we survey the updated literature on bioactive alkaloids and highlight research achievements of this alkaloid class during the period of 2014-2018. We reviewed over 400 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, antidiabetic and its complications, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and other activities. This review should provide new indications or directions for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Cheng-Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Jun-Cai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University, Qinghai University Tibetan Medical College, Qinghai University, 251 Ningda Road, Xining 810016, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Wen Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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25
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Li J, Qin Y, Chen Y, Zhao P, Liu X, Dong H, Zheng W, Feng S, Mao X, Li C. Mechanisms of the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in alveolar epithelial cell/macrophage co-culture. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:76. [PMID: 32968433 PMCID: PMC7500047 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between alveolar epithelial cells (EpCs) and macrophages (MPs) serves an important role in initiating and maintaining inflammation in chronic pulmonary diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inflammatory response in co-cultured EpCs and MPs. Briefly, a co-culture system of A549 (EpCs) and THP-1 (monocyte/MPs) cells was established in a filter-separated Transwell plate to evaluate the inflammatory response. Following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, cytokine levels were measured using ELISAs, NF-κB transcription factor activity was detected using EMSA and protein expression levels were analyzed using Western blot assays subsequently in EpCs and MPs. Co-cultured EpCs/MPs were found to secrete increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α following LPS exposure for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h compared with either EpC or MP monocultures. Concurrently, NF-κB was revealed to be activated in MPs at 6 and 12 h, and in EpCs at 24 h. NF-κB DNA binding, Toll-like receptor 4 expression levels and the p65 phosphorylation status were also increased, which may contribute to the inflammatory response in the EpC/MP co-cultures. Notably, cytokine levels decreased following the inhibition of NF-κB expression with pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. In conclusion, the present study successfully established an EpC/MP co-culture system using LPS, which may be a useful model for studying chronic inflammation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yanqin Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Wanchun Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Suxiang Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
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26
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Zhou Y, Wang S, Zhao J, Fang P. Asiaticoside attenuates neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/STAT3 pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:641. [PMID: 32566578 PMCID: PMC7290617 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is currently a leading cause of neonatal death. Asiaticoside (AT), a bioactive constituent isolated from Centella asiatica, possesses numerous biological properties. For instance, previous studies showed that AT could protect ischemia hypoxia neurons by mediating BCL-2 protein. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of AT in neonatal HIE have not been clarified. Methods Rice-Vannucci was applied to construct a hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) model. Pathological damage of brain neuron tissue was determined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, while apoptosis was evaluated by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were applied to monitor related proteins levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines. Results The present study indicated that AT dose-dependently ameliorated histologic damage and inhibited apoptosis induced by hypoxic ischemia (HI) (P<0.01). AT also dose-dependently alleviated oxidative damage and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (ICAM-1, IL-18, and IL-1β) and TLR4 level. In terms of mechanism, decrease of TLR and IL-18 suppressed NF-κB phosphorylation and reduced the levels of TNFα, IL-6, and p-STAT3, leading to the inactivation of NF-κB/STAT3 pathway. Interestingly, with the addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the increase of TLR4 activated NF-κB/STAT3 pathway again. Conclusions Collectively, the data provide insight into a novel mechanism by which AT may be an effective agent for HIE via the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Ping Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
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Luo C, Zou L, Sun H, Peng J, Gao C, Bao L, Ji R, Jin Y, Sun S. A Review of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Rosmarinic Acid on Inflammatory Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:153. [PMID: 32184728 PMCID: PMC7059186 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are caused by abnormal immune responses and are characterized by an imbalance of inflammatory mediators and cells. In recent years, the anti-inflammatory activity of natural products has attracted wide attention. Rosmarinic acid (RosA) is a water-soluble phenolic compound that is an ester of caffeic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid. It is discovered in many plants, like those of the Boraginaceae and Lamiaceae families. RosA has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory effects of RosA have been revealed through in vitro and in vivo studies of various inflammatory diseases like arthritis, colitis, and atopic dermatitis. This article mainly describes the preclinical research of RosA on inflammatory diseases and depicts a small amount of clinical research data. The purpose of this review is to discuss the anti-inflammatory effects of RosA in inflammatory diseases and its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxu Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory for Basic and Applied Research on Pharmacodynamic Substances of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinyong Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory for Basic and Applied Research on Pharmacodynamic Substances of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cong Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liuchi Bao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Renpeng Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory for Basic and Applied Research on Pharmacodynamic Substances of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuangyong Sun
- Research Center of Pharmacodynamic, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research New Drug Evaluation Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
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Huang X, Cheng K, Liu L, Hu X, Gao X, Li H, Xu F, Li Z, Hua H, Li D. Design, synthesis and apoptosis-related antiproliferative activities of chelidonine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126913. [PMID: 31883693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To get chelidonine derivatives with enhanced antiproliferative activity and selectivity, a series of nitric oxide donating derivatives (10a-f and 11a-j) were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. Compared with chelidonine, these compounds exhibited lower IC50 values against human hepatoma cells HepG2, breast cancer cells MCF-7, colon cancer cells HCT-116, as well as leukemia cells K562. Compound 11j displayed the strongest antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 3.91, 6.90, 4.36 and 1.12 μM against the above four cells, respectively. Nevertheless, it showed an IC50 value >40 μM against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which demonstrated high selectivity between normal and cancer blood cells. In further mechanism studies, 11j showed the capability to induce K562 cells apoptosis, S phase cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial membrane potential disorder. Besides, 11j was found to be effective in promoting the expression of proapoptotic protein Bad and suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL, catalase, survivin, claspin and clusterin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Keguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, and School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Raod, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Lilin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Haonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Zhanlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Putting out the Fire of Inflammation. Inflammation 2020; 42:1147-1159. [PMID: 30937839 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, comprised of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Among the complicated pathogenic factors of IBD, the overaction of inflammatory and immune reaction serves as an important factor. Inflammasome is a form of innate immunity as well as inflammation. Among all kinds of inflammasomes, the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the most studied one, and has been revealed to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of IBD. Here, in this review, the association between the NLRP3 inflammasome and IBD will be discussed. Furthermore, several NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors which have been demonstrated to be effective in the alleviation of IBD will be described in this review.
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30
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Li H, Xu CX, Gong RJ, Chi JS, Liu P, Liu XM. How does Helicobacter pylori cause gastric cancer through connexins: An opinion review. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:5220-5232. [PMID: 31558869 PMCID: PMC6761244 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i35.5220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium with a number of virulence factors, such as cytotoxin-associated gene A, vacuolating cytotoxin A, its pathogenicity island, and lipopolysaccharide, which cause gastrointestinal diseases. Connexins function in gap junctional homeostasis, and their downregulation is closely related to gastric carcinogenesis. Investigations into H. pylori infection and the fine-tuning of connexins in cells or tissues have been reported in previous studies. Therefore, in this review, the potential mechanisms of H. pylori-induced gastric cancer through connexins are summarized in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Can-Xia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ren-Jie Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing-Shu Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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31
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Li H, Xu CX, Gong RJ, Chi JS, Liu P, Liu XM. How does Helicobacter pyloricause gastric cancer through connexins: An opinion review. World J Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i355220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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32
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Hou FJ, Guo LX, Zheng KY, Song JN, Wang Q, Zheng YG. Chelidonine enhances the antitumor effect of lenvatinib on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6685-6697. [PMID: 31695406 PMCID: PMC6707434 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s215103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lenvatinib is a newly approved molecular targeted drug for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the high cost associated with this treatment poses a huge financial burden on patients and the entire public health system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies that enhance the antitumor effect of lenvatinib. Methods The antitumor effects of chelidonine or/and lenvatinib on HCC cell lines MHCC97-H and LM-3 were examined using the 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2- H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. For the in-vivo investigation, the effect on subcutaneous or intrahepatic tumor growth in nude mice was also determined. The mRNA levels of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors were examined through quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. Results In the present study, we found that treatment with chelidonine enhanced the apoptotic effect of lenvatinib on HCC cells and the in-vivo growth of HCC tumors in nude mice. Mechanistically, treatment with chelidonine increased the expression of epithelial indicator E-cadherin, whereas it decreased the expression of mesenchymal indicators N-cadherin and Vimentin. These findings suggest that chelidonine restricted the EMT in HCC cells. Conclusion Chelidonine inhibits the process of EMT and enhances the antitumor effect of lenvatinib on HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jie Hou
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xiao Guo
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Yan Zheng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Na Song
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Guang Zheng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Zhou X, Wang N, Li Z, Zhou Y, Feng J, Shen D, Zhao W. Knockdown of miR-222 inhibits inflammation and the apoptosis of LPS-stimulated human intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1357-1365. [PMID: 31432092 PMCID: PMC6713428 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that miR‑222 is upregulated in human intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration tissues; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action of miR‑222 in IVD tissues. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate IVD degeneration. The expression level of miR‑222 was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) in cells and tissues. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Additionally, western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4), Iκβ‑alpha (IκBα) and p65. Interleukin (IL)‑1β, tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and IL‑6 protein expression levels were determined by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The target gene of miR‑222 was determined by TargetScan7.2 and dual luciferase reporter gene analysis. Western blot analysis and RT‑qPCR were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3). The mRNA expression level of miR‑222 was found to be increased in IVD tissues and in LPS‑stimulated cells, and its expression was positively associated with the clinical MRI grade. In vitro, apoptosis was promoted/inhibited by miR‑222 mimics/inhibitors. Transfection with miR‑222 mimics/inhibitors significantly increased/decreased the production of TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6 and suppressed/enhanced collagen II and aggrecan expression. The protein levels of TLR4, p‑IκΒα and p‑p65 were upregulated/downregulated by transfection with the mimics/inhibitors. In addition, it was demonstrated that TIMP3 was a direct target gene of miR‑222, and was negatively regulated by miR‑222 in NP cells. The silencing of TIMP3 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR‑222 inhibitor on cell apoptosis, which was induced by LPS. Thus, on the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that miR‑222 functions as a promoter of IVD development, partly via the regulation of TIMP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Jiujie Yang
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhou Feng
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Dewei Shen
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Spine Division, Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning 110024, P.R. China
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Ulrich-Merzenich G, Welslau L, Aziz-Kalbhenn H, Kelber O, Shcherbakova A. Synergy quantifications to identify individual contributions of combination partners to the overall activity - The example of STW 5. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 60:153013. [PMID: 31326154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rationale of combinations of plant extracts is often questioned. The common argument for combinations is a higher efficacy of the combination partners by multitargeting and the elimination of adverse events. AIM STW5, a well-known fixed herbal multicomponent preparation, is recommended in the German treatment guidelines for functional gastrointestinal diseases. The study assessed effects of STW5, its single plant components and combinations thereof on different targets to identify synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects of the combination partners. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS STW5, its nine components and triple combinations thereof were investigated in two in vitro models - human esophageal epithelial cells (Het1A) and intestinal smooth muscle cells (HISMC) - in comparison to Omeprazole (OM) for the release of interleukin 8 (IL-8) as surrogate for inflammation and of Ca2+ as surrogate for motion, under non-inflammatory and inflammatory (Capsaicin 80 µM (CAP)) conditions. The combination index (CI) of triple combinations was calculated to assess synergistic, antagonistic and additive effects. RESULTS In Het-1A cells, STW5 showed, under non-inflammatory as well as inflammatory conditions, releases of IL-8 (49.3 ± 4.2 pg/ml, 33.7 ± 2 pg/ml) comparable to the untreated control (46.3 ± 4.8 pg/ml). CAP increased IL-8 releases to 85.8 ± 14 pg/ml (p < 0.005). Among the single plant extracts the Iberis amara extract (IBE) induced high IL-8 releases under non-inflammatory (441 ± 177 pg/ml) and inflammatory (625± 121 pg/ml) conditions. The Silybum marianum (L.) extract (SM) reduced releases up to 20.1 ± 8 pg/ml (inflammation). The CI-values of triple combinations with IBE ranged from high synergy (CI<0.03) to antagonism (CI:480). Within the triple combinations SM was the most effective combination partner to reduce IL-8. The combination of Angelica archangelica (L.)/Carum carvi (L.) was also effective. In HISMCs, STW5 induced concentration dependent higher Ca2+-releases. Only Melissa officinalis (L.) (MO) induced high Ca2+- releases in HISMCs. CONCLUSION In Het-1A, STW5 inhibited Il-8 releases, although one of its components (IBE) stimulated IL-8 strongly. The combination partners in STW5 assured an overall marked anti-inflammatory action. In the triple combinations SM was identified as most important combination partner for the IL-8 reduction. CI-measurements can support the identification of active combination partners in a multicomponent preparation and can give directions towards the search for multitarget effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Ulrich-Merzenich
- Medical Clinic III, UKB, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 26, Laboratories UG 65/69, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lisa Welslau
- Medical Clinic III, UKB, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 26, Laboratories UG 65/69, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Heba Aziz-Kalbhenn
- Research & Development, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, Havelstr. 5, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Olaf Kelber
- Research & Development, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, Havelstr. 5, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Shcherbakova
- Medical Clinic III, UKB, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 26, Laboratories UG 65/69, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Volga State University of Technology, Lenin sq. 3, 424020 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
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Ma J, Tian Y, Li J, Zhang L, Wu M, Zhu L, Liu S. Effect of Bufei Yishen Granules Combined with Electroacupuncture in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via the Regulation of TLR-4/NF- κB Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:6708645. [PMID: 31275415 PMCID: PMC6560336 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6708645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combined therapy of Bufei Yishen granules (BY) and electroacupuncture (EA) has shown good effects clinically in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study aimed to observe the effects of the BY + EA combination in a COPD rat model and dissect the potential mechanisms via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. METHODS The COPD rats were treated with normal saline, aminophylline, Bufei Yishen granules, electroacupuncture, or Bufei Yishen granules combined with electroacupuncture. The pulmonary function; lung tissue histology; levels of inflammatory factors; expression levels of TLR-4, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB), and NF-κB; and activation of NF-κB in the lung tissues were evaluated. RESULTS Pulmonary function was markedly decreased in the COPD rats, and the lung tissue histology of the COPD rats showed severe pathological changes. The pulmonary function and lung tissue morphology in the treatment groups (APL, BY, EA, and BY + EA) were improved. The increased levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 indicated a chronic inflammatory state in the COPD rats. In the BY, EA, and BY + EA groups, the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were decreased, especially in the BY + EA group. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of TLR-4, IκB, and NF-κB were obviously downregulated in the BY and BY + EA groups; and the NF-κB p65 activation was significantly decreased in the BY, EA, and BY + EA groups. CONCLUSIONS Bufei Yishen granules and electroacupuncture have curative effects in COPD rats, and the combination therapy of Bufei Yishen granules and electroacupuncture is superior. The TLR-4/NF-κB pathway may be involved in the potential mechanisms by which Bufei Yishen granules and electroacupuncture reduce inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindi Ma
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Lanxi Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Mingming Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
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Oh JH, Yun M, Park D, Ha IJ, Kim CK, Kim DW, Kim EO, Lee SG. Papaver nudicaule (Iceland poppy) alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through inactivating NF-κB and STAT3. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:90. [PMID: 31036001 PMCID: PMC6489246 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2497-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papaver nudicaule belongs to the Papaveraceae family, which is planted as an annual herbaceous species generally for ornamental purpose. Papaver rhoeas in the same family has been reported to have various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and analgesic effects. In contrast, little is known about the pharmacological activity of Papaver nudicaule. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of Papaver nudicaule extracts and the action mechanisms were investigated in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. METHODS To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of five cultivars of Papaver nudicaule with different flower color, samples were collected from their aerial parts at two growth stages (60 and 90 days) and their ethanol extracts were evaluated in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells by measuring nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production were also analyzed by RT-PCR and multiplex assays. Nuclear Factor-kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways were examined using western blotting and luciferase reporter assays to reveal the action mechanism of Papaver nudicaule extracts in their anti-inflammatory activity. RESULTS All of the Papaver nudicaule extracts were effective in reducing the LPS-induced NO, which is an important inflammatory mediator, and the extract of Papaver nudicaule with white flower collected at 90 days (NW90) was selected for further experiments because of the best effect on reducing the LPS-induced NO as well as no toxicity. NW90 lowered the LPS-induced PGE2 level and decreased the LPS-induced Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). In addition, NW90 reduced the LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6. Furthermore, NW90 inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and STAT3. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that NW90 may restrain inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT3, suggesting the potential therapeutic properties of Papaver nudicaule against inflammatory disease.
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Luo G, Kong J, Chi-Yan Cheng B, Zhao H, Fu XQ, Yan LS, Ding Y, Liu YL, Pan SY, Zhang SF, Zhang Y. Xiao Qing Long Tang essential oil exhibits inhibitory effects on the release of pro-inflammatory mediators by suppressing NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 signalling in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:12977-12989. [PMID: 35520778 PMCID: PMC9063779 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01448a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Xiao Qing Long Tang (literally “Minor blue dragon decoction” in Chinese), a traditional Chinese formula, is prescribed to treat respiratory diseases. However, only few studies have been reported on its anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of Xiao Qing Long Tang essential oil on inflammatory mediators and explored the mechanisms of action of XQEO in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. XQEO was prepared via steam distillation and characterized by GC-MS analysis. MTT and Griess assays were used to measure cell viability and NO production, respectively. The mRNA expression and the production of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) and chemokines (MCP-1, Rantes, and MIP-1α) were determined by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Furthermore, we determined the protein levels of the components of NF-κB, AP-1 and IRF3 signalling by Western blotting. Immunofluorescence assay was used to estimate the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, AP-1 and IRF3. The results showed that XQEO inhibited the secretion of NO and PGE2 and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of iNOS and COX-2. We also found that XQEO suppressed the LPS-induced overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, XQEO inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB/p65, AP-1/c-Jun, and IRF3 by suppressing their upstream kinases, such as MAPKs, TBK1, Akt, IKKα/β, and IκB, reducing the LPS-induced NF-κB, AP-1 and IRF3 translocation to the nucleus. These findings suggest that XQEO effectively suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory mediators possibly through the inhibition of NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 signalling in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Xiao Qing Long Tang essential oil suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators via blocking NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 signalling in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Production Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission Beijing 102400 China
| | - Jing Kong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Brian Chi-Yan Cheng
- College of Professional and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong.,Quality Healthcare Medical Services Kowloon Bay Hong Kong
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xiu-Qiong Fu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong Hong Kong
| | - Li-Shan Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Si-Yuan Pan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Shuo-Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
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Zhang Y, Chi-Yan Cheng B, Xie R, Xu B, Gao XY, Luo G. Re-Du-Ning inhalation solution exerts suppressive effect on the secretion of inflammatory mediators via inhibiting IKKα/β/IκBα/NF-κB, MAPKs/AP-1, and TBK1/IRF3 signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8912-8925. [PMID: 35517648 PMCID: PMC9062024 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00060g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Re-Du-Ning inhalation solution (RIS) is a novel preparation derived from the Re-Du-Ning injection, which has been clinically used to treat respiratory diseases such as pneumonia for more than twenty years in China. However, scant reports have been issued on its anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Aim: we investigated the suppressive effect of RIS on inflammatory mediators and explored the underlying mechanism of action. Methods: RIS freeze dried powder was characterized by HPLC analysis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage was selected as the cell model. The cell viability was determined by using the MTT assay. Moreover, the production of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by the Griess reaction. The protein secretions from inflammatory mediators were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein levels and enzyme activities were examined by Western blotting. The nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), AP-1, and IRF3 was further explored by immunofluorescence assay. Results: the viability of the RAW 264.7 cells was not significantly changed after 24 h incubation with RIS concentration up to 400 μg mL-1. The RIS remarkably reduced the production of NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and downregulated the expression of iNOS and COX-2. The concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and chemokines (MCP-1, CCL-5, and MIP-1α) in the culture medium were significantly decreased by the RIS treatment. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of IκB-α, IKKα/β, TBK1, ERK, p38, JNK, NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 was downregulated by the RIS treatment. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 was also inhibited after the RIS treatment. Conclusion: the suppressive effect of RIS is associated with the regulated NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 and their upstream proteins. This study provides a pharmacological basis for the application of RIS in the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100102 China
| | - Brian Chi-Yan Cheng
- College of Professional and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 China
- Quality Healthcare Medical Services Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science Beijing 100700 China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100102 China
| | - Xiao Yan Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100102 China
| | - Gan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100102 China
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