1
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Chen D, Lakghomi B, Lawryshyn Y. Evaluation of using a porous medium approach to simulate flat-sheet membrane bioreactors. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:746-762. [PMID: 36038974 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The porous medium approach has been applied by others to study the global hydrodynamics in hollow-fiber (HF) membrane bioreactors (MBR). This study explores the usability of the porous medium approach for flat-sheet (FS) MBR and introduces a CFD-based numerical calibration of the porous parameters. Two key modeling strategies are suggested to ensure the pressure prediction accuracy: (1) use SST k - ω turbulence model incorporated with an intermittency transition model (SSIT); (2) considerate two-phase flow during the calibration. The results showed that SSIT significantly improved the pressure prediction of the flow between two sheets. Also, unlike HF MBR, the gas phase was observed to be non-negligible during the calibration for FS MBR. The numerically calibrated porous parameters were then applied in a three-dimensional simplified model (SPM), where multiple membrane sheets were treated as one porous zone. The SPM was compared with a realistic model (RM), where all membrane sheets were simulated directly. A similar pressure distribution was observed in both models; however, local flow characteristics (i.e., the acceleration of the flow entering the module zone) were not reflected in the SPM. Hence, it is recommended to use the porous medium approach for global hydrodynamics investigation when the local flow characteristics are not of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danmei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada E-mail:
| | - Babak Lakghomi
- Fibracast Ltd, 525 Glover Rd, Hannon, ON L0R 1P0, Canada
| | - Yuri Lawryshyn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada E-mail:
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2
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Odriozola M, van Lier JB, Spanjers H. Optimising the Flux Enhancer Dosing Strategy in a Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor by Mathematical Modelling. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020151. [PMID: 35207073 PMCID: PMC8877340 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Flux enhancers (FEs) have been successfully applied for fouling mitigation in membrane bioreactors. However, more research is needed to compare and optimise different dosing strategies to improve the filtration performance, while minimising the use of FEs and preventing overdosing. Therefore, the goal of this research is to develop an optimised control strategy for FE dosing into an AnMBR by developing a comprehensive integrated mathematical model. The integrated model includes filtration, flocculation, and biochemical processes to predict the effect of FE dosing on sludge filterability and membrane fouling rate in an AnMBR. The biochemical model was based on an ADM1, modified to include FEs and colloidal material. We developed an empirical model for the FE-induced flocculation of colloidal material. Various alternate filtration models from the literature and our own empirical models were implemented, calibrated, and validated; the best alternatives were selected based on model accuracy and capacity of the model to predict the effect of varying sludge characteristics on the corresponding output, that is fouling rate or sludge filterability. The results showed that fouling rate and sludge filterability were satisfactorily predicted by the selected filtration models. The best integrated model was successfully applied in the simulation environment to compare three feedback and two feedforward control tools to manipulate FE dosing to an AnMBR. The modelling results revealed that the most appropriate control tool was a feedback sludge filterability controller that dosed FEs continuously, referred to as ∆R20_10. Compared to the other control tools, application of the ∆R20_10 controller resulted in a more stable sludge filterability and steady fouling rate, when the AnMBR was subject to specific disturbances. The simulation environment developed in this research was shown to be a useful tool to test strategies for dosing flux enhancer into AnMBRs.
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3
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Bousbih S, Belhadj Ammar R, Ben Amar R, Dammak L, Darragi F, Selmane E. Synthesis and Evaluation of Asymmetric Mesoporous PTFE/Clay Composite Membranes for Textile Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110850. [PMID: 34832079 PMCID: PMC8625523 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric mesoporous composite PTFE membranes wit 40, 50, and 85 wt.% of a clay (kaolin) were fabricated and characterized using a scanning electron microscope equipped with EDX for morphology and elemental analysis. The surface chemistry of the membranes was checked using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of incorporating the clay on the hydrophilicity, permeability, morphology, and antifouling properties of the fabricated membranes was investigated. It was observed that incorporating kaolin particles improved the mechanical properties but decreased the contact angle of the membranes, thereby resulting in an improvement in the membrane permeability. The performance of the three composite UF membranes was evaluated through the treatment of a real textile effluent sample containing indigo dye. The results confirmed that these membranes are effective in the removal of COD, color, and turbidity. Indeed, at a transmembrane pressure of 2.5 bar, almost total removal of the turbidity, COD removal > 85%, and color removal > 97% were attained. Furthermore, membrane A85 (with 85% clay) showed the best performance, with a water flux of 659.1 L·h-1·m-2·bar-1. This study highlights the potential of incorporating low-cost clay material for the enhancement of the performance of mixed organic/inorganic matrix membranes, which can be applied to textile wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Bousbih
- Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (S.B.); (F.D.)
| | - Rihab Belhadj Ammar
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Université Paris-Est, UMR 7182, CNRS, 2-8 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France; (R.B.A.); (L.D.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et d’Électrochimie, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Raja Ben Amar
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1141, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
- Correspondence:
| | - Lasâad Dammak
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Université Paris-Est, UMR 7182, CNRS, 2-8 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France; (R.B.A.); (L.D.)
| | - Fadila Darragi
- Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (S.B.); (F.D.)
| | - Emna Selmane
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et d’Électrochimie, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
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4
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Huang Y, Ma Y, Wan J, Wang Y. Modeling the Performance of Full-Scale Anaerobic Biochemical System Treating Deinking Pulp Wastewater Based on Modified Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:755398. [PMID: 34621262 PMCID: PMC8490887 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.755398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The deinking pulp (DIP) is a main resource for paper making, and the wastewater from DIP process needs to be treated. Anaerobic biochemical technique has been widely applied in DIP wastewater treatment, due to the remarkable capability in reducing high chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study, a mathematical simulation model was established to investigate the performance of a full-scale anaerobic biochemical system for treating DIP wastewater. The model was based on Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1), which was modified according to the specific anaerobic digestion process for DIP wastewater treatment. The hydrodynamic behavior of a full-scale anaerobic biochemical system was considered in this model. The characteristics of the influent DIP wastewater were assessed, and then, the substrate COD proportion was divided successfully for the necessity of ADM1 applying. The Monte Carlo technique was implemented to distinguish the most sensitive parameters that influenced the model output indicators comprising effluent COD and biogas production. The sensitive parameters were estimated and optimized. The optimized value of k_m_pro is 12.02, K_S_pro is 0.35, k_m_ac is 4.26, K_S_ac is 0.26, k_m_h2 is 16.62, and K_S_h2 is 3.21 × 10–5. The model was calibrated with 150 days operation values measured in the field. The subsequent 100 days on-site values were used to validate the model, and the results obtained by the simulations were in good agreement. This study provides a meaningful and theoretical model guidance for full-scale wastewater anaerobic biochemical treatment simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongwen Ma
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Plant Fiber High-Valued Cleaning Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinquan Wan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Plant Fiber High-Valued Cleaning Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Plant Fiber High-Valued Cleaning Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Zhu Y, Chen R, Li YY, Sano D. Virus removal by membrane bioreactors: A review of mechanism investigation and modeling efforts. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116522. [PMID: 33091802 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The increasing pressure on the global water supply calls for more advanced solutions with higher efficiency and better sustainability, leading to the promptly developing water reclamation and reuse schemes including treatment technologies and risk management strategies where microbial safety is becoming a crucial aspect in the interest of public health. Backed up by the development of membrane technology, membrane bioreactors (MBR) have received substantial attention for their superiority over conventional treatment methods in many ways and are considered promising in the water reclamation realm. This review paper provides an overview of the efforts made to manage and control the potential waterborne viral disease risks raised by the use of effluent from MBR treatment processes, including the mechanisms involved in the virus removal process and the attempts to model the dynamics of the removal process. In principle, generalized and integrated virus removal models that provide insight into real-time monitoring are urgently needed for advanced real-time control purpose. Future studies of approaches that can well handle the inherent uncertainty and nonlinearity of the complex removal process are crucial to the development and promotion of related technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhu
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sano
- Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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6
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Steady-State Methodology for Activated Sludge Model 1 (ASM1) State Variable Calculation in MBR. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) is one of the main obstacles slowing its widespread use, particularly among wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) professionals. In this paper, a simplification procedure based on steady-state mass balances is proposed for the conventional activated sludge process (ASP) configuration, consisting of an aerated bioreactor and a perfect settler (without particular compounds in the outlet). The results do, in fact, show perfect suitability to a membrane bioreactor process (MBR). Both organic carbon and nitrogen removal were investigated. The proposed approach was applied to ASM1, and simple analytical expressions of the state variables were obtained. These analytical expressions were then validated by comparison to simulations given by the original ASM1 (implemented in GPS-X software). A strong match (less than 4% of error overall) was obtained between both results in the steady-state; consequently, these analytical expressions may be useful as tools for quickly estimating the main state variables, feeding the filtration models, or identifying the interaction between operating parameters. Moreover, this enables a sensitivity analysis, covering relevant factors such as kinetics or operating parameters. For instance, the sludge retention time (SRT) effect is lower on XBH and XS at high SRT (˃20 days), while it is more pronounced on XP and XI as their variations with SRT are linear.
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7
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Mannina G, Capodici M, Cosenza A, Di Trapani D, Zhu Z, Li Y. Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) membrane BioReactor: The influence of the operational parameters. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122752. [PMID: 31954970 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present paper investigated an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) Membrane BioReactor (MBR) system monitored for 340 days. In particular, the short-term effects of some operational parameters variation was evaluated. Results showed a decrease of the removal rates under low C/N values. Respirometry results highlighted that activated sludge was more active in the organic carbon removal. Conversely, biofilm has a key role during nitrification. The major fouling mechanism was represented by the cake deposition (irreversible).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Marco Capodici
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Trapani
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Zhengyu Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, China
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8
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Xu X, Zhong P, Zhang C, Yuan L, Sun G, Qian Y, Liang H. Improved membrane sequencing batch reactor: effect of carbon and nitrogen volumetric loading rate on dephosphatation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:1401-1410. [PMID: 30336743 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1537304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor (A2NO-MBR) fed with synthetic wastewater was operated to investigate the impact of influent carbon and nitrogen volumetric loading rate (VLR) on dephosphatation, and the corresponding influent concentration was 100-300 mg L-1 (COD), 24-50 mg L-1 (NH4+-N) and 4.8-6.0 mg L-1 (TP), respectively. The results demonstrated that carbon VLR had a negligible effect on the COD removal with effluent below 50 mg L-1, and high and stable removal capacity for phosphorus were also obtained, regardless of carbon VLR change. Whereas TN removal efficiency was positively correlated with carbon VLR reduction, and lower carbon VLR produced a negative effect on TN removal. In addition, since nitrate served as an electron acceptor for denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR), a significant effect on nitrogen and phosphorus removal was observed with different nitrogen VLR. The TN and TP removal efficiency was 68.30 ± 1.36%, 70.70 ± 1.23%, 45.19 ± 1.72% and 41.63 ± 3.09%, 98.14 ± 0.53%, 53.34 ± 2.68% with influent nitrogen VLR of 0.024 ± 0.001, 0.034 ± 0.001 and 0.045 ± 0.001 kg-N/(m3 d), respectively. Moreover, bacterial community structure of sludge samples in Run I and V from anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic-SBR (named A2OSBR_1 and A2OSBR_2) and membrane bioreactor (named N-MBR_1 and N-MBR_2) revealed that Candidatus_Accumulibacter was the most dominant genus in A2OSBR_1 (21.50%) and A2OSBR_2 (18.98%). The relative lower carbon VLR favoured the enrichment of Saprospiraceae, which was related with DPR, with the proportion of 9.31% and 14.61% in A2OSBR_1 and A2OSBR_2. Besides, Nitrospira and Nitrosomonas with proportions of 11.14%, 5.38% in N-MBR_1 and 10.72%, 6.77% in N-MBR_2 were observed, which were likely responsible for the nearly complete nitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Xu
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilin Zhong
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyi Zhang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Yuan
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangrong Sun
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunkun Qian
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Liang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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9
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Brepols C, Comas J, Harmand J, Heran M, Robles Á, Rodriguez-Roda I, Ruano MV, Smets I, Mannina G. Position paper - progress towards standards in integrated (aerobic) MBR modelling. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:1-9. [PMID: 32293583 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) models are useful tools for both design and management. The system complexity is high due to the involved number of processes which can be clustered in biological and physical ones. Literature studies are present and need to be harmonized in order to gain insights from the different studies and allow system optimization by applying a control. This position paper aims at defining the current state of the art of the main integrated MBR models reported in the literature. On the basis of a modelling review, a standardized terminology is proposed to facilitate the further development and comparison of integrated membrane fouling models for aerobic MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brepols
- Erftverband, Am Erftverband 6, D 50126, Bergheim, Germany E-mail:
| | - J Comas
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA) and Universitat de Girona (LEQUIA-UdG), Girona, Spain
| | - J Harmand
- LBE, INRA, Univ. Montpellier, Narbonne, France
| | - M Heran
- Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Á Robles
- Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Rodriguez-Roda
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA) and Universitat de Girona (LEQUIA-UdG), Girona, Spain
| | - M V Ruano
- Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - G Mannina
- Engineering Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy and College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, China
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10
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Jin Y, Liu CL, Song XF, Yu JG. Computational fluid dynamics simulation as a tool for optimizing the hydrodynamic performance of membrane bioreactors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:32034-32046. [PMID: 35530793 PMCID: PMC9072933 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06706j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrodynamic properties and shear stresses experienced by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) are directly related to its rate of membrane fouling. In this study, computational fluid dynamic models have been combined with cold model PIV experimental studies to optimize the performance properties of MBRs. The effects of membrane module height, number of aeration tubes and membrane spacing on liquid phase flow rates, gas holdup and shear stresses at the membrane surface have been investigated. It has been found that optimal MBRs experience the greatest shear forces on their surfaces at a distance of 250 mm from the aeration tube, around the 7 aeration tubes used to introduce gas and at the 40 mm spacings between the membrane sheets. Use of an aeration intensity of between 0.02 and 0.47 m3 min−1 generated shear stresses that were 50–85% higher than the original MBR for the same aeration intensity, thus affording optimal membrane performance that minimizes membrane fouling. The hydrodynamic properties and shear stresses experienced by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) are directly related to its rate of membrane fouling.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resource, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Cheng-Lin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resource, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China .,Resource Process Engineering Research Center for Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Xing-Fu Song
- National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resource, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China .,Resource Process Engineering Research Center for Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jian-Guo Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resource, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China .,Resource Process Engineering Research Center for Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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11
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Mannina G, Capodici M, Cosenza A, Di Trapani D, Viviani G. The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: analysis of system behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1840-1852. [PMID: 29350114 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1430855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A University of Cape Town Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Bioreactor (UCT-IFAS-MBR) pilot plant was operated at different values of the sludge retention time (SRT). Three SRTs were investigated at different durations: indefinitely, 30 and 15 days. The organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, kinetic/stoichiometric parameters, membrane fouling tendency and sludge filtration properties were assessed. The findings showed that by decreasing the SRT, the pilot plant could maintain excellent carbon removal efficiencies throughout the experiments. In contrast, the biological carbon removal showed a slight nitrification and was slightly affected by the decrease of the SRT, showing high performance (approximately 91%, on average). Thus, the biofilm might have helped sustain the nitrification throughout the experiments. The average phosphorus removal performance increased slightly with a decrease in SRT, achieving the maximum efficiency (61.5%) at a SRT of 15 days. After a 30-day SRT, an increase in resistance due to pore blocking and a general worsening of the membrane filtration properties occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- a Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Marco Capodici
- a Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- a Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Daniele Di Trapani
- a Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Gaspare Viviani
- a Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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12
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Modeling of Wastewater Treatment Processes in Membrane Bioreactors Compared to Conventional Activated Sludge Systems. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane techniques constitute an interesting alternative to conventional activated sludge systems (CAS). In membrane bioreactors (MBR), the biomass separated on membranes is retained independently of sludge sedimentation properties. As a consequence, a high biomass concentration as well as low food to microorganisms ratio can be obtained. Moreover, the development of a characteristic activated sludge population is stimulated by the specific conditions prevailing in MBRs. In the study, the operation and treatment efficiency of the MBR and CAS processes were examined and compared. Simulation was performed with the use of GPS-X software. The effluent quality obtained for the MBR system was either better or comparable to that of CAS. The most significant difference concerned the elimination of total suspended solids, which amounted to 99.8% in the MBR. Regarding nutrients, a low concentration of total phosphorus in the effluent from CAS and MBR was obtained (0.67 gP m−3 and 0.50 gP m−3, respectively). Greater differences were achieved in the case of total nitrogen. Although almost complete nitrification took place in both systems, a lower concentration of nitrate in the effluent from MBR in comparison to CAS, i.e., 11.2 gN m−3 and 14.1 gN m−3, respectively, allowed us to obtain a higher removal of total nitrogen (80.8% and 76.1%, respectively).
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13
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Huang Y, Ma Y, Wan J, Wang Y. Mathematical modelling of the internal circulation anaerobic reactor by Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1, simultaneously combined with hydrodynamics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6249. [PMID: 31000747 PMCID: PMC6472383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the hydrodynamic characteristic of a lab-scale internal circulation (IC) anaerobic reactor was investigated. We found that the gradual Increasing-Size Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactors (ISC) model is desirable to describe the hydraulic character of the reactor. As a generalized anaerobic digestion model, Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) was combined simultaneously with the ISC model to simulate the effluent of the IC reactor. Both the stable running and overloading shock tests were carried out to validate the simulation. The mathematical simulation results agreed well with the experimental observation. This proposed model may be valuable to simulate the performance of the IC reactor effectively and to supply a useful tool to for designing and operating other anaerobic reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Huang
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yongwen Ma
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Jinquan Wan
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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Hamedi H, Ehteshami M, Mirbagheri SA, Zendehboudi S. New deterministic tools to systematically investigate fouling occurrence in membrane bioreactors. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Bella GD, Trapani DD. A Brief Review on the Resistance-in-Series Model in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs). MEMBRANES 2019; 9:E24. [PMID: 30717246 PMCID: PMC6409801 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The cake layer deposited on the membrane modules of membrane bioreactors (MBRs), especially under a submerged configuration, represents a relevant and fundamental mechanism deeply influencing the development of membrane fouling. It negatively affects the total resistance to filtration, while exerting a positive effect as a "pre-filter" promoting the "dynamic membrane" that protects the physical membrane from internal fouling. These two opposite phenomena should be properly managed, where the submerged membranes are usually subjected to a periodical cake layer removal through ordinary (permeate backwashing and air scouring) and/or irregular cleaning actions (manual physical cleaning). In this context, the physical removal of the cake layer is needed to maintain the design filtration characteristics. Nevertheless, the proper evaluation of the effect of physical cleaning operations is still contradictory and under discussion, referring in particular to the correct evaluation of fouling mechanisms. The aim of the present work was to summarize the different aspects that influence the fouling investigations, based on simple models for the evaluation of the resistance to filtration due to the cake layer, through physical cleaning operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Di Bella
- Facoltà di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università degli Studi di Enna "Kore", Cittadella universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Daniele Di Trapani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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16
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Arimi MM. Particle size distribution as an emerging tool for the analysis of wastewater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2018.1540666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Milton M. Arimi
- Department of Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Technology, Moi University Main Campus, Eldoret, Kenya
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17
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Mannina G, Ekama GA, Capodici M, Cosenza A, Di Trapani D, Ødegaard H. Integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactors versus membrane bioreactors for nutrient removal: A comprehensive comparison. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 226:347-357. [PMID: 30130704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This research elucidates the pollutants (nutrients and carbon) removal performance and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions of two pilot plants. Specifically, a University of Cape Town (UCT) Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) plant and an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS)-UCT-MBR plant were investigated. The plants were fed with real wastewater augmented with acetate and glycerol in order to control the influent carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N). The short-term effect of the inlet C/N ratio variation (C/N = 5 mgCOD/mgN and C/N = 10 mgCOD/mgN) on the behaviour of both plants was investigated. The results showed that the IFAS-UCT-MBR configuration provided the best performance in terms of pollutants removal at the two investigated C/N ratios. Furthermore, the lowest N2O emission (with respect to the influent nitrogen) was observed in the IFAS-UCT-MBR configuration, thus suggesting a potential beneficial effect of the biofilm in the emission reduction. However, the membrane of the IFAS-UCT-MBR showed a greater fouling tendency compared to the UCT-MBR configuration. This result, likely related to the biofilm detached from carriers, could seriously affect the indirect GreenHouse Gas emissions due to the increase of the energy requirement for permeate extraction with the increase of membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy; Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - George A Ekama
- Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, Cape, South Africa
| | - Marco Capodici
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Trapani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Hallvard Ødegaard
- NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
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18
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Asghari M, Dashti A, Rezakazemi M, Jokar E, Halakoei H. Application of neural networks in membrane separation. REV CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) as a powerful technique for solving complicated problems in membrane separation processes have been employed in a wide range of chemical engineering applications. ANNs can be used in the modeling of different processes more easily than other modeling methods. Besides that, the computing time in the design of a membrane separation plant is shorter compared to many mass transfer models. The membrane separation field requires an alternative model that can work alone or in parallel with theoretical or numerical types, which can be quicker and, many a time, much more reliable. They are helpful in cases when scientists do not thoroughly know the physical and chemical rules that govern systems. In ANN modeling, there is no requirement for a deep knowledge of the processes and mathematical equations that govern them. Neural networks are commonly used for the estimation of membrane performance characteristics such as the permeate flux and rejection over the entire range of the process variables, such as pressure, solute concentration, temperature, superficial flow velocity, etc. This review investigates the important aspects of ANNs such as methods of development and training, and modeling strategies in correlation with different types of applications [microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), electrodialysis (ED), etc.]. It also deals with particular types of ANNs that have been confirmed to be effective in practical applications and points out the advantages and disadvantages of using them. The combination of ANN with accurate model predictions and a mechanistic model with less accurate predictions that render physical and chemical laws can provide a thorough understanding of a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Asghari
- Separation Processes Research Group (SPRG), Department of Engineering , University of Kashan , Kashan 8731753153 , Iran
- Energy Research Institute , University of Kashan , Ghotb–e–Ravandi Avenue , Kashan , Iran
| | - Amir Dashti
- Separation Processes Research Group (SPRG), Department of Engineering , University of Kashan , Kashan 8731753153 , Iran
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering , Shahrood University of Technology , Shahrood , Iran
| | - Ebrahim Jokar
- Separation Processes Research Group (SPRG), Department of Engineering , University of Kashan , Kashan 8731753153 , Iran
| | - Hadi Halakoei
- Separation Processes Research Group (SPRG), Department of Engineering , University of Kashan , Kashan 8731753153 , Iran
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19
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Abstract
In this study, an experimentally validated computational model was developed to investigate the hydrodynamics in a rotor-stator vortex agglomeration reactor RVR having a rotating disc at the centre with two shrouded outer plates. A numerical simulation was performed using a simplified form of the reactor geometry to compute the 3-D flow field in batch mode operations. Thereafter, the model was validated using data from a 2-D Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) flow analysis performed during the design of the reactor. Using different operating speeds, namely 70, 90, 110, and 130 rpm, the flow fields were computed numerically, followed by a comprehensive data analysis. The simulation results showed separated boundary layers on the rotating disc and the stator. The flow field within the reactor was characterized by a rotational plane circular forced vortex flow, in which the streamlines are concentric circles with a rotational vortex. Overall, the results of the numerical simulation demonstrated a fairly good agreement between the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model and the experimental data, as well as the available theoretical predictions. The swirl ratio β was found to be approximately 0.4044, 0.4038, 0.4044, and 0.4043 for the operating speeds of N = 70, 90, 110, and 130 rpm, respectively. In terms of the spatial distribution, the turbulence intensity and kinetic energy were concentrated on the outer region of the reactor, while the circumferential velocity showed a decreasing intensity towards the shroud. However, a comparison of the CFD and experimental predictions of the tangential velocity and the vorticity amplitude profiles showed that these parameters were under-predicted by the experimental analysis, which could be attributed to some of the experimental limitations rather than the robustness of the CFD model or numerical code.
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20
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Raj I, Vaidya AN, Pandey RA, Bansiwal A, Deshmukh S, Purohit HJ. Recent advancements in the mitigation of obnoxious nitrogenous gases. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 205:319-336. [PMID: 29035719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogenous gaseous emissions commonly have an obnoxious odor associated with it, which when discharged into the environment results in serious environmental problems and health hazards. Several strategies for mitigation of nitrogenous odorants have been reported which include physical, chemical and biological methods. Biological treatments are widely employed because of their efficiency even at low concentration, where physical and chemical methods are not effective. Most commonly used biological treatment methods are biofiltration, biotrickling filters and membrane bioreactors with innovative reactor design, mixing pattern, and air sparging, for example FEBR, ALR, etc. These treatment methods require a critical assessment for the mitigation of obnoxious nitrogen emissions, especially in the context of environmental protection. This review offers a critical evaluation of treatment methods for the mitigation of nitrogenous odorous compound with a key emphasis on biological treatment systems. Also, various mathematical modelling techniques required for optimized operation of biotreatment systems has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishan Raj
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - A N Vaidya
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - R A Pandey
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Amit Bansiwal
- Environmental Material Division, CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sharvari Deshmukh
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hemant J Purohit
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, Maharashtra, India
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21
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Moving bed membrane bioreactors for carbon and nutrient removal: The effect of C/N variation. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Mannina G, Capodici M, Cosenza A, Cinà P, Di Trapani D, Puglia AM, Ekama GA. Bacterial community structure and removal performances in IFAS-MBRs: A pilot plant case study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 198:122-131. [PMID: 28456028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper reports the results of an experimental campaign carried out on a University of Cape Town (UCT) integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant. The pilot plant was analysed in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients removal, kinetic/stoichiometric parameters, membrane fouling and sludge dewaterability. Moreover, the cultivable bacterial community structure was also analysed. The pilot plant showed excellent COD removal efficiency throughout experiments, with average value higher than 98%, despite the slight variations of the influent wastewater. The achieved nitrification efficiency was close to 98% for most of the experiments, suggesting that the biofilm in the aerobic compartment might have sustained the complete nitrification of the influent ammonia, even for concentrations higher than 100 mg L-1. The irreversible resistance due to superficial cake deposition was the mechanism that mostly affected the membrane fouling. Moreover, it was noticed an increase of the resistance due pore blocking likely due to the increase of the EPSBound fraction that could derive by biofilm detachment. The bacterial strains isolated from aerobic tank are wastewater bacteria known for exhibiting efficient heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification and producing biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Mannina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Capodici
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida Cosenza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Cinà
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 16, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Trapani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Puglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 16, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - George A Ekama
- Water Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, Cape, South Africa
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23
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Membrane filtration device for studying compression of fouling layers in membrane bioreactors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181652. [PMID: 28749990 PMCID: PMC5531554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A filtration devise was developed to assess compressibility of fouling layers in membrane bioreactors. The system consists of a flat sheet membrane with air scouring operated at constant transmembrane pressure to assess the influence of pressure on resistance of fouling layers. By fitting a mathematical model, three model parameters were obtained; a back transport parameter describing the kinetics of fouling layer formation, a specific fouling layer resistance, and a compressibility parameter. This stands out from other on-site filterability tests as model parameters to simulate filtration performance are obtained together with a characterization of compressibility. Tests on membrane bioreactor sludge showed high reproducibility. The methodology’s ability to assess compressibility was tested by filtrations of sludges from membrane bioreactors and conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plants from three different sites. These proved that membrane bioreactor sludge showed higher compressibility than conventional activated sludge. In addition, detailed information on the underlying mechanisms of the difference in fouling propensity were obtained, as conventional activated sludge showed slower fouling formation, lower specific resistance and lower compressibility of fouling layers, which is explained by a higher degree of flocculation.
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Braak E, Albasi C, Anne-Archard D, Schetrite S, Alliet M. Impact of Aeration on Mixed Liquor in Submerged-Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment. Chem Eng Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Braak
- Université de Toulouse; Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - CNRS-INPT-UPS; 4, Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362 31030 Toulouse France
| | - Claire Albasi
- Université de Toulouse; Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - CNRS-INPT-UPS; 4, Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362 31030 Toulouse France
- Université de Toulouse; Fédération Fermat; c/o Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Dominique Anne-Archard
- Université de Toulouse; Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT) - CNRS-INPT-UPS; Allée du Professeur Camille Soula 31400 Toulouse France
- Université de Toulouse; Fédération Fermat; c/o Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
| | - Sylvie Schetrite
- Université de Toulouse; Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - CNRS-INPT-UPS; 4, Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362 31030 Toulouse France
| | - Marion Alliet
- Université de Toulouse; Laboratoire de Génie Chimique - CNRS-INPT-UPS; 4, Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362 31030 Toulouse France
- Université de Toulouse; Fédération Fermat; c/o Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
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25
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Membrane bioreactors – A review on recent developments in energy reduction, fouling control, novel configurations, LCA and market prospects. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Yu D, Chen Y, Wei Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Li K. Fouling analysis of membrane bioreactor treating antibiotic production wastewater at different hydraulic retention times. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:9026-9035. [PMID: 26564195 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling, including foulants and factors, was investigated during hydraulic retention time (HRT) optimization of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) that treated wastewater from the production of antibiotics. The results showed that HRT played an important role in membrane fouling. Trans-membrane pressure (TMP), membrane flux, and resistance were stable at -6 kPa, 76 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, and 4.5 × 1012 m-1 when HRT was at 60, 48, and 36 h, respectively. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, foulants were identified as carbohydrates and proteins, which correlated with effluent organic matter and effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) compounds. Therefore, membrane fouling trends would benefit from low supernatant COD (378 mg L-1) and a low membrane removal rate (26 %) at a HRT of 36 h. Serious membrane fouling at 72 and 24 h was related to soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances in mixed liquor, respectively. Based on the TMP decrease and flux recovery after physical and chemical cleaning, irremovable fouling aggravation was related to extracellular polymeric substances' increase and soluble microbial products' decrease. According to changes in the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) and mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSSs) during HRT optimization in this study, antibiotic production wastewater largely inhibited MLSS growth, which only increased from 4.5 to 5.0 g L-1 when HRT was decreased from 72 to 24 h, but did not limit sludge activity. The results of a principal component analysis highlighted both proteins and carbohydrates in extracellular polymeric substances as the primary foulants. Membrane fouling associated with the first principal component was positively related to extracellular polymeric substances and negatively related to soluble microbial products. Principal component 2 was primarily related to proteins in the influent. Additional membrane fouling factors included biomass characteristics, operational conditions, and feed characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yutao Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Jianxing Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- Department of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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27
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Miyawaki O, Kanazawa T, Maruyama C, Dozen M. Static and dynamic half-life and lifetime molecular turnover of enzymes. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:28-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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28
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Fortunato L, Jeong S, Wang Y, Behzad AR, Leiknes T. Integrated approach to characterize fouling on a flat sheet membrane gravity driven submerged membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:335-343. [PMID: 27741471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBR) is acknowledged to be complex and unclear. An integrated characterization methodology was employed in this study to understand the fouling on a gravity-driven submerged MBR (GD-SMBR). It involved the use of different analytical tools, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), liquid chromatography with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD), total organic carbon (TOC), flow cytometer (FCM), adenosine triphosphate analysis (ATP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The three-dimensional (3D) biomass morphology was acquired in a real-time through non-destructive and in situ OCT scanning of 75% of the total membrane surface directly in the tank. Results showed that the biomass layer was homogeneously distributed on the membrane surface. The amount of biomass was selectively linked with final destructive autopsy techniques. The LC-OCD analysis indicated the abundance of low molecular weight (LMW) organics in the fouling composition. Three different SEM techniques were applied to investigate the detailed fouling morphology on the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fortunato
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiran Wang
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali R Behzad
- Advanced Nanofabrication Imaging and Characterization Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - TorOve Leiknes
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia,.
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Ye Y, Ngo HH, Guo W, Liu Y, Zhang X, Guo J, Ni BJ, Chang SW, Nguyen DD. Insight into biological phosphate recovery from sewage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:874-881. [PMID: 27434305 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The world's increasing population means that more food production is required. A more sustainable supply of fertilizers mainly consisting of phosphate is needed. Due to the rising consumption of scarce resources and limited natural supply of phosphate, the recovery of phosphate and their re-use has potentially high market value. Sewage has high potential to recover a large amount of phosphate in a circular economy approach. This paper focuses on utilization of biological process integrated with various subsequent processes to concentrate and recycle phosphate which are derived from liquid and sludge phases. The phosphate accumulation and recovery are discussed in terms of mechanism and governing parameters, recovery efficiency, application at plant-scale and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyao Ye
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia; Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
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Esfahani H, Prabhakaran MP, Salahi E, Tayebifard A, Rahimipour MR, Keyanpour-Rad M, Ramakrishna S. Electrospun nylon 6/zinc doped hydroxyapatite membrane for protein separation: Mechanism of fouling and blocking model. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:420-428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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De Temmerman L, Maere T, Temmink H, Zwijnenburg A, Nopens I. The effect of fine bubble aeration intensity on membrane bioreactor sludge characteristics and fouling. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 76:99-109. [PMID: 25794465 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
While most membrane bioreactor (MBR) research focuses on improving membrane filtration through air scour, backwashing and chemical cleaning to physically counteract fouling, relatively few studies have dealt with fouling prevention, e.g. minimizing the impact of operational settings that negatively impact sludge filterability. To evaluate the importance of those settings, the effects of bioreactor aeration intensity variations on membrane fouling have been studied in a lab-scale MBR setup while simultaneously monitoring a unique set of key sludge parameters. In particular, this paper focuses on the impact of shear dynamics resulting from fine air bubbles on the activated sludge quality and flocculation state, impacting membrane fouling. When augmenting the fine bubble aeration intensity both the total and irreversible fouling rate increased. Major indications for sludge filterability deterioration were found to be a shift in the particle size distribution (PSD) in the 3-300 μm range towards smaller sludge flocs, and increasing concentrations of submicron particles (10-1000 nm), soluble microbial products and biopolymers. When lowering the aeration intensity, both the sludge characteristics and fouling either went back to background values or stabilized, respectively indicating a temporary or more permanent effect, with or without time delay. The shift in PSD to smaller flocs and fragments likely increased the total fouling through the formation of a less permeable cake layer, while high concentrations of submicron particles were likely causing increased irreversible fouling through pore blocking. The insights from the performed fouling experiments can be used to optimize system operation with respect to influent dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L De Temmerman
- Wetsus Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Maere
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; modelEAU, Département de génie civil et de génie des eaux, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - H Temmink
- Wetsus Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Zwijnenburg
- Wetsus Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - I Nopens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Arnaldos M, Amerlinck Y, Rehman U, Maere T, Van Hoey S, Naessens W, Nopens I. From the affinity constant to the half-saturation index: understanding conventional modeling concepts in novel wastewater treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 70:458-470. [PMID: 25576693 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The "affinity constant" (KS) concept is applied in wastewater treatment models to incorporate the effect of substrate limitation on process performance. As an increasing number of wastewater treatment processes rely on low substrate concentrations, a proper understanding of these so-called constants is critical in order to soundly model and evaluate emerging treatment systems. In this paper, an in-depth analysis of the KS concept has been carried out, focusing on the different physical and biological phenomena that affect its observed value. By structuring the factors influencing half-saturation indices (newly proposed nomenclature) into advectional, diffusional and biological, light has been shed onto some of the apparent inconsistencies present in the literature. Particularly, the importance of non-ideal mixing as a source of variability between observed KS values in different systems has been illustrated. Additionally, discussion on the differences existent between substrates that affect half-saturation indices has been carried out; it has been shown that the observed KS for some substrates will reflect transport or biological limitations more than others. Finally, potential modeling strategies that could alleviate the shortcomings of the KS concept have been provided. These could be of special importance when considering the evaluation and design of emerging wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arnaldos
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Acciona Agua S.A., R&D Department, Av. De les Garrigues 22, 08820 El Prat del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Youri Amerlinck
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Usman Rehman
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Maere
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Hoey
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Naessens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ingmar Nopens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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Pimentel GA, Vande Wouwer A, Harmand J, Rapaport A. Design, analysis and validation of a simple dynamic model of a submerged membrane bioreactor. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 70:97-108. [PMID: 25528540 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple dynamic model of a submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) is proposed, which would be suitable for process control. In order to validate the proposed model structure, informative data sets are generated using a detailed simulator built in a well-established environment, namely GPS-X. The model properties are studied, including equilibrium points, stability, and slow/fast dynamics (three different time scales). The existence of slow-fast dynamics is central to the development of a dedicated parameter estimation procedure. Finally, a nonlinear model predictive control is designed to illustrate the potential of the developed model within a model-based control structure. The problem of water treatment in a recirculating aquaculture system is considered as an application example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme A Pimentel
- University of Mons - Automatic Control Laboratory - Biosys, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Equipe Projet INRA-INRIA MODEMIC, Route des Lucioles, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France; UMR INRA-SupAgro MISTEA, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.
| | - Alain Vande Wouwer
- University of Mons - Automatic Control Laboratory - Biosys, Boulevard Dolez 31, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Jérôme Harmand
- Equipe Projet INRA-INRIA MODEMIC, Route des Lucioles, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France; INRA, UR050, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, Av. des Etangs, F-11100 Narbonne, France.
| | - Alain Rapaport
- Equipe Projet INRA-INRIA MODEMIC, Route des Lucioles, 06902 Sophia-Antipolis, France; UMR INRA-SupAgro MISTEA, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.
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34
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Wang Z, Meng Y, Fan T, Du Y, Tang J, Fan S. Phosphorus removal and N₂O production in anaerobic/anoxic denitrifying phosphorus removal process: long-term impact of influent phosphorus concentration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 179:585-594. [PMID: 25541320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the long-term impact of influent phosphorus concentration on denitrifying phosphorus removal and N2O production during denitrifying phosphorous removal process. The results showed that, denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs) could become dominant populations quickly in anaerobic/anoxic SBR by providing optimum cultivating conditions, and the reactor performed well for denitrifying phosphorus removal. The influent phosphorus concentration significantly affected anaerobic poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) synthesis, denitrifying phosphorus removal, and N2O production during the denitrifying phosphorus removal process. As the influent phosphorus concentration was more than 20 mg L(-1), the activity of DPAOs began to be inhibited due to the transformation of the available carbon source type. Meanwhile, N2O production was inhibited with the mitigation of anoxic NO2(-)-N accumulation. Adoption of a modified feeding could enhance denitrifying phosphorus removal and inhibit N2O production during denitrifying phosphorous removal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yuan Meng
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ting Fan
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuneng Du
- College of Economics & Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jie Tang
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shisuo Fan
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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35
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Pimentel GA, Dalmau M, Vargas A, Comas J, Rodriguez-Roda I, Rapaport A, Vande Wouwer A. Validation of a Simple Fouling Model for a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Ruiz LM, Rodelas P, Pérez JI, Gómez MA. Sensitivity analyses and simulations of a full-scale experimental membrane bioreactor system using the activated sludge model No. 3 (ASM3). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2015; 50:317-324. [PMID: 25594125 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.981122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An ASM3-based model was implemented in the numerical software MATHEMATICA where sensitivity analyses and simulations of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system were carried out. These results were compared with those obtained using the commercial simulator WEST. Predicted values did not show significant variations between both software and simulations showed that the most influential operational conditions were influent flow rate and concentrations and bioreactor volumes. On the other hand, sensitivity analyses were carried out with both software programs for the same five outputs: COD, ammonium and nitrate concentrations in the effluent, total suspended solids concentration and oxygen uptake rate in the aerobic bioreactor. Similar results were in general obtained in both cases and according to these analyses, the most significant inputs over the model predictions were growth and storage heterotrophic biomass yields and decay coefficient. Other parameters related to the hydrolysis process or to the autotrophic biomass also significantly influenced model outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Ruiz
- a Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group , University of Granada , Granada , Spain
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37
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Sweetapple C, Fu G, Butler D. Identifying sensitive sources and key control handles for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 62:249-259. [PMID: 24960125 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates the effects of adjusting control handle values on greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment, and reveals critical control handles and sensitive emission sources for control through the combined use of local and global sensitivity analysis methods. The direction of change in emissions, effluent quality and operational cost resulting from variation of control handles individually is determined using one-factor-at-a-time sensitivity analysis, and corresponding trade-offs are identified. The contribution of each control handle to variance in model outputs, taking into account the effects of interactions, is then explored using a variance-based sensitivity analysis method, i.e., Sobol's method, and significant second order interactions are discovered. This knowledge will assist future control strategy development and aid an efficient design and optimisation process, as it provides a better understanding of the effects of control handles on key performance indicators and identifies those for which dynamic control has the greatest potential benefits. Sources with the greatest variance in emissions, and therefore the greatest need to monitor, are also identified. It is found that variance in total emissions is predominantly due to changes in direct N2O emissions and selection of suitable values for wastage flow rate and aeration intensity in the final activated sludge reactor is of key importance. To improve effluent quality, costs and/or emissions, it is necessary to consider the effects of adjusting multiple control handles simultaneously and determine the optimum trade-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sweetapple
- Centre for Water Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QF, United Kingdom.
| | - Guangtao Fu
- Centre for Water Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - David Butler
- Centre for Water Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
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38
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Robles A, Ruano M, Ribes J, Seco A, Ferrer J. Model-based automatic tuning of a filtration control system for submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR). J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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39
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Robles A, Ruano MV, Ribes J, Seco A, Ferrer J. Global sensitivity analysis of a filtration model for submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 158:365-373. [PMID: 24650614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The results of a global sensitivity analysis of a filtration model for submerged anaerobic MBRs (AnMBRs) are assessed in this paper. This study aimed to (1) identify the less- (or non-) influential factors of the model in order to facilitate model calibration and (2) validate the modelling approach (i.e. to determine the need for each of the proposed factors to be included in the model). The sensitivity analysis was conducted using a revised version of the Morris screening method. The dynamic simulations were conducted using long-term data obtained from an AnMBR plant fitted with industrial-scale hollow-fibre membranes. Of the 14 factors in the model, six were identified as influential, i.e. those calibrated using off-line protocols. A dynamic calibration (based on optimisation algorithms) of these influential factors was conducted. The resulting estimated model factors accurately predicted membrane performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Robles
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot,Valencia, Spain.
| | - M V Ruano
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot,Valencia, Spain.
| | - J Ribes
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot,Valencia, Spain.
| | - A Seco
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot,Valencia, Spain.
| | - J Ferrer
- Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient, IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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40
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Robles A, Ruano M, Ribes J, Seco A, Ferrer J. Mathematical modelling of filtration in submerged anaerobic MBRs (SAnMBRs): Long-term validation. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Robles A, Ruano M, Ribes J, Seco A, Ferrer J. A filtration model applied to submerged anaerobic MBRs (SAnMBRs). J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Li C, Wang T, Zheng N, Zhang J, Ngo HH, Guo W, Liang S. Influence of organic shock loads on the production of N₂O in denitrifying phosphorus removal process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 141:160-166. [PMID: 23583474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the influences of short-term organic shock loads on N₂O production during denitrifying phosphorus removal were investigated by changing the influent COD concentrations (100, 200, 350, and 500 mg/L). After switching the COD concentrations from 200 to 350 or 500 mg/L, N₂O-N production amount increased from 1.62% to 7.12% or 3.29% of the TN removal, respectively, while the corresponding effluent phosphorus concentrations increased from 1.84 to 16.55 and 56.08 mg/L, respectively, which were higher than the influent phosphorus concentration (4.93 mg/L). Furthermore, when the COD concentration was decreased to 100 mg/L, N₂O-N production amount was only 1.20%. All results suggested that higher organic shock loads increased N₂O production. The main reason was that higher organic shock loads increased anaerobic poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) synthesis, which resulted in higher nitrite accumulation. The influences of higher organic shock loads on N₂O production could be minimized by adopting continuous nitrate addition strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, Shandong, PR China
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43
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Wang X, Liu J, Qu B, Ren NQ, Qu J. Role of carbon substrates in facilitating energy reduction and resource recovery in a traditional activated sludge process: investigation from a biokinetics modeling perspective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 140:312-318. [PMID: 23711939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Three activated sludge processes (ASPs) were modeled and driven by dissolved complex organics (F-ASP), propionic acid (P-ASP), and acetic acid (A-ASP), and various parameters were subsequently estimated. The energy depletion for carbon removal was 0.146, 0.120, and 0.119 kWh/m(3) of treated wastewater for F-ASP, P-ASP, and A-ASP, respectively, suggesting that acetic acid can forward energy conservation. The ratio of substrate storage to oxidation in F-ASP, P-ASP, and A-ASP was 0, 0.25, and 0.52, respectively, further demonstrating that substrate eliminations from P-ASP and A-ASP were both dominated by substrate storage for polymer production, not by total oxidation; thus, they exhibited lower energy-consuming levels than F-ASP. Quantification of bioenergy production and nutrient acquisition from the excess sludge of the three ASPs were conducted subsequently, and A-ASP was found to facilitate phosphorus capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
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44
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Zuthi MFR, Guo WS, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD, Hai FI. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal and its modeling for the activated sludge and membrane bioreactor processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 139:363-374. [PMID: 23659759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A modified activated sludge process (ASP) for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) needs to sustain stable performance for wastewater treatment to avoid eutrophication in the aquatic environment. Unfortunately, the overall efficiency of the EBPR in ASPs and membrane bioreactors (MBRs) is frequently hindered by different operational/system constraints. Moreover, although phosphorus removal data from several wastewater treatment systems are available, a comprehensive mathematical model of the process is still lacking. This paper presents a critical review that highlights the core issues of the biological phosphorus removal in ASPs and MBRs while discussing the inhibitory process requirements for other nutrients' removal. This mini review also successfully provided an assessment of the available models for predicting phosphorus removal in both ASP and MBR systems. The advantages and limitations of the existing models were discussed together with the inclusion of few guidelines for their improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F R Zuthi
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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45
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Cosenza A, Mannina G, Neumann MB, Viviani G, Vanrolleghem PA. Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal in membrane bioreactors: model development and parameter estimation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 36:499-514. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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