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Elyasi S, Fallah N, Bonakdarpour B, Mahboubi A, Taherzadeh MJ. The effect of temperature and styrene concentration on biogas production and degradation characteristics during anaerobic removal of styrene from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125988. [PMID: 34600318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, styrene was removed anaerobically from wastewaters at temperatures of 35 ℃, 25 ℃, and 15 ℃ and concentration range of 20-150 ppm in the presence of ethanol as a co-substrate and co-solvent. Maximum styrene removal of 93% was achieved at 35 ℃. The volatilization of styrene was negligible at about 2% at all experimented temperatures. The average special methane yield (SMY) at 35 ℃ was 4.14- and 225-times higher than that of at T = 25 ℃ and T = 15 ℃, respectively, but no methane was produced in the absence of ethanol. The proteins content of the soluble microbial product (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was much higher than the carbohydrate content. At styrene concentration > 80 ppm, SMY, SMP, and EPS dropped sharply. The results confirmed the well performance of anaerobic microorganisms in removing styrene from wastewater and biogas production at mesophilic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Elyasi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Fallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Babak Bonakdarpour
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mahboubi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190, Borås, Sweden
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He C, Ren X, Xu G, Huang Z, Wang Y, Hu Z, Wang W. Performance of single-stage partial nitritation and anammox reactor treating low-phenol/ammonia ratio wastewater and analysis of microbial community structure. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1969-1978. [PMID: 33844357 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phenol and ammonia are common pollutants in many industrial wastewaters. The partial nitritation and anammox process is a very promising technology for treating phenol-ammonia wastewater. This study was the first time to rapidly achieve the start-up and operation of the single-stage partial nitritation /anammox reactor treating phenol-ammonia wastewater. The optimized ratio of phenol and nitrogen (phenol/NH4 + -N=0.3) was set to start-up the reactor. After 60 days of operation, the total nitrogen and COD removal efficiencies were around 73.0% and 79.5%, respectively. The activity of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria was291.1 ± 3.0 mg NH4 + -N g-1 MLVSS d-1 and the specific anammox activity was 20.9 ± 1.0 mg NH4 + -N g-1 MLVSS d-1 . The results indicated that the anammox bacteria had adapted to phenol condition and remained stable activity after the 60 days' operation in the reactor. The sequence analysis of 16SrRNA showed that the microbial community structure evolved to a balanced distribution that the removals of phenol and ammonia could be achieved simultaneously. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Phenol/N ratio of 0.3 was set to start up the single-stage partial nitritation/anammox reactor. The single-stage partial nitritation /anammox reactor was rapidly started up when treating the phenol-ammonia wastewater. Total nitrogen removal rate and COD removal efficiencies could achieve to 73.0% and 79.5%, respectively. Microbial community structure evolved to stable distribution of which AOB, anammox bacteria, denitrification bacteria and heterotrophic nitrification bacteria coexisted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua He
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
| | - Xuesong Ren
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
| | - Guoqing Xu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei, China
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Tomei MC, Mosca Angelucci D, Clagnan E, Brusetti L. Anaerobic biodegradation of phenol in wastewater treatment: achievements and limits. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2195-2224. [PMID: 33630152 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic biodegradation of toxic compounds found in industrial wastewater is an attractive solution allowing the recovery of energy and resources but it is still challenging due to the low kinetics making the anaerobic process not competitive against the aerobic one. In this review, we summarise the present state of knowledge on the anaerobic biodegradation process for phenol, a typical target compound employed in toxicity studies on industrial wastewater treatment. The objective of this article is to provide an overview on the microbiological and technological aspects of anaerobic phenol degradation and on the research needs to fill the gaps still hindering the diffusion of the anaerobic process. The first part is focused on the microbiology and extensively presents and characterises phenol-degrading bacteria and biodegradation pathways. In the second part, dedicated to process feasibility, anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation kinetics are analysed and compared, and strategies to enhance process performance, i.e. advanced technologies, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation, are critically analysed and discussed. The final section provides a summary of the research needs. Literature data analysis shows the feasibility of anaerobic phenol biodegradation at laboratory and pilot scale, but there is still a consistent gap between achieved aerobic and anaerobic performance. This is why current research demand is mainly related to the development and optimisation of powerful technologies and effective operation strategies able to enhance the competitiveness of the anaerobic process. Research efforts are strongly justified because the anaerobic process is a step forward to a more sustainable approach in wastewater treatment.Key points• Review of phenol-degraders bacteria and biodegradation pathways.• Anaerobic phenol biodegradation kinetics for metabolic and co-metabolic processes.• Microbial and technological strategies to enhance process performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Clagnan
- Ricicla Group - DiSAA, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Brusetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen - Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
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Muñoz Sierra JD, García Rea VS, Cerqueda-García D, Spanjers H, van Lier JB. Anaerobic Conversion of Saline Phenol-Containing Wastewater Under Thermophilic Conditions in a Membrane Bioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:565311. [PMID: 33102455 PMCID: PMC7556282 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.565311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Closing water loops in chemical industries result in hot and highly saline residual streams, often characterized by high strength and the presence of refractory or toxic compounds. These streams are attractive for anaerobic technologies, provided the chemical compounds are biodegradable. However, under such harsh conditions, effective biomass immobilization is difficult, limiting the use of the commonly applied sludge bed reactors. In this study, we assessed the long-term phenol conversion capacity of a lab-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) operated at 55°C, and high salinity (18 gNa+.L–1). Over 388 days, bioreactor performance and microbial community dynamics were monitored using specific methanogenic activity (SMA) assays, phenol conversion rate assays, volatile fatty acids permeate characterization and Illumina MiSeq analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Phenol accumulation to concentrations exceeding 600 mgPh.L–1 in the reactor significantly reduced methanogenesis at different phases of operation, while applying a phenol volumetric loading rate of 0.12 gPh.L–1.d–1. Stable AnMBR reactor performance could be attained by applying a sludge phenol loading rate of about 20 mgPh.gVSS–1.d–1. In situ maximum phenol conversion rates of 21.3 mgPh.gVSS–1.d–1 were achieved, whereas conversion rates of 32.8 mgPh.gVSS–1.d–1 were assessed in ex situ batch tests at the end of the operation. The absence of caproate as intermediate inferred that the phenol conversion pathway likely occurred via carboxylation to benzoate. Strikingly, the hydrogenotrophic SMA of 0.34 gCOD-CH4.gVSS–1.d–1 of the AnMBR biomass significantly exceeded the acetotrophic SMA, which only reached 0.15 gCOD-CH4.gVSS–1.d–1. Our results indicated that during the course of the experiment, acetate conversion gradually changed from acetoclastic methanogenesis to acetate oxidation coupled to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Correspondingly, hydrogenotrophic methanogens of the class Methanomicrobia, together with Synergistia, Thermotogae, and Clostridia classes, dominated the microbial community and were enriched during the three phases of operation, while the aceticlastic Methanosaeta species remarkably decreased. Our findings clearly showed that highly saline phenolic wastewaters could be satisfactorily treated in a thermophilic AnMBR and that the specific phenol conversion capacity was limiting the treatment process. The possibility of efficient chemical wastewater treatment under the challenging studied conditions would represent a major breakthrough for the widespread application of AnMBR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D Muñoz Sierra
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.,KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
| | - Víctor S García Rea
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Cerqueda-García
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.,Institute of Ecology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Henri Spanjers
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
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Muñoz Sierra JD, Wang W, Cerqueda-Garcia D, Oosterkamp MJ, Spanjers H, van Lier JB. Temperature susceptibility of a mesophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating saline phenol-containing wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:92-102. [PMID: 30216817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the temperature susceptibility of a continuous-flow lab-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to temperature shifts from 35 °C to 55 °C and its bioconversion robustness treating synthetic phenolic wastewater at 16 gNa+.L-1. During the experiment, the mesophilic reactor was subjected to stepwise temperature increases by 5 °C. The phenol conversion rates of the AnMBR decreased from 3.16 at 35 °C to 2.10 mgPh.gVSS-1.d-1 at 45 °C, and further decreased to 1.63 mgPh.gVSS-1.d-1 at 50 °C. At 55 °C, phenol conversion rate stabilized at 1.53 mgPh.gVSS-1.d-1 whereas COD removal efficiency was 38% compared to 95.5% at 45 °C and 99.8% at 35 °C. Interestingly, it was found that the phenol degradation process was less susceptible for the upward temperature shifts than the methanogenic process. The temperature increase implied twenty-one operational taxonomic units from the reactor's microbial community with significant differential abundance between mesophilic and thermophilic operation, and eleven of them are known to be involved in aromatic compounds degradation. Reaching the upper-temperature limits for mesophilic operation was associated with the decrease in microbial abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, which are linked to syntrophic phenol degradation. It was also found that the particle size decreased from 89.4 μm at 35 °C to 21.0 μm at 55 °C. The accumulation of small particles and higher content of soluble microbial protein-like substances led to increased transmembrane pressure which negatively affected the filtration performance. Our findings indicated that at high salinity a mesophilic AnMBR can tolerate a temperature up to 45 °C without being limited in the phenol conversion capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D Muñoz Sierra
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Wei Wang
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Daniel Cerqueda-Garcia
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands; Institute of Ecology, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Circuito ext. Sn, Cd. Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margreet J Oosterkamp
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Henri Spanjers
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, the Netherlands
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6
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Experimental studies on coal water slurries prepared from coal gasification wastewater. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Li Y, Tabassum S, Zhang Z. An advanced anaerobic biofilter with effluent recirculation for phenol removal and methane production in treatment of coal gasification wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 47:23-33. [PMID: 27593269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An advanced anaerobic biofilter (AF) was introduced for the treatment of coal gasification wastewater (CGW), and effluent recirculation was adopted to enhance phenol removal and methane production. The results indicated that AF was reliable in treating diluted CGW, while its efficiency and stability were seriously reduced when directly treating raw CGW. However, its performance could be greatly enhanced by effluent recirculation. Under optimal effluent recirculation of 0.5 to the influent, concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenol in the effluent could reach as low as 234.0 and 14.2mg/L, respectively. Also, the rate of methane production reached 169.0mLCH4/L/day. Though CGW seemed to restrain the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, especially methanogens, the inhibition was temporary and reversible, and anaerobic bacteria presented strong tolerance. The activities of methanogens cultivated in CGW could quickly recover on feeding with glucose wastewater (GW). However, the adaptability of anaerobic bacteria to the CGW was very poor and the activity of methanogens could not be improved by long-term domestication. By analysis using the Haldane model, it was further confirmed that high effluent recirculation could result in high activity for hydrolytic bacteria and substrate affinity for toxic matters, but only suitable effluent recirculation could result in high methanogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Salma Tabassum
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; LCM - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Zhenjia Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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8
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State of the art of biological processes for coal gasification wastewater treatment. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:1064-1072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wang F, Hidaka T, Tsumori J. Enhancement of anaerobic digestion of shredded grass by co-digestion with sewage sludge and hyperthermophilic pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:299-306. [PMID: 25062542 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of shredded grass with sewage sludge was investigated under various temperature conditions. The conversion of grass to methane was difficult to achieve under mesophilic conditions, while its methane yield was 0.19 NL/g VS-grass under thermophilic conditions. The mixture ratio of grass to sludge affected the methane yield, and the highest synergistic effect was obtained at a C/N ratio of around 10. In a continuous experiment, hyperthermophilic (80 °C) pretreatment promoted a methane yield of 0.34 NL/g VS-mixture, higher than that under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions (0.20 and 0.30 NL/g VS-mixture, respectively). A batch experiment with hyperthermophilic pretreatment showed that 3 days of treatment was sufficient for subsequent methane production, in which the highest dissolution of particulate COD, carbohydrate and protein was 25.6%, 33.6% and 25.0%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Recycling Research Team, Materials and Resource Research Group, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6, Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan.
| | - Taira Hidaka
- Recycling Research Team, Materials and Resource Research Group, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6, Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan
| | - Jun Tsumori
- Recycling Research Team, Materials and Resource Research Group, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6, Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan
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Jeong JY, Son SM, Pyon JH, Park JY. Performance comparison between mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic reactors for treatment of palm oil mill effluent. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 165:122-128. [PMID: 24797939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) was carried out under mesophilic (37°C) and thermophilic (55°C) conditions without long-time POME storage in order to compare the performance of each condition in the field of Sumatra Island, Indonesia. The anaerobic treatment system was composed of anaerobic hybrid reactor and anaerobic baffled filter. Raw POME was pretreated by screw decanter to reduce suspended solids and residual oil. The total COD removal rate of 90-95% was achieved in both conditions at the OLR of 15kg[COD]/m(3)/d. The COD removal in thermophilic conditions was slightly better, however the biogas production was much higher than that in the mesophilic one at high OLR. The organic contents in pretreated POME were highly biodegradable in mesophilic under the lower OLRs. The biogas production was 13.5-20.0l/d at the 15kg[COD]/m(3)/d OLR, and the average content of carbon dioxide was 5-35% in both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Son
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeon Pyon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yang Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
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