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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Mao Y, Wu J, Chen S, Fan R, Yu Z. Torrefaction characteristics of cellulose loaded with boric acid. Carbohydr Res 2023; 523:108709. [PMID: 36368078 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
To explore the catalytic effect of boric acid on biomass, cellulose loaded with boric acid was roasted by a tubular furnace. The gaseous products were adsorbed by activated carbon and then analyzed by GC-MS. Boric acid was shown to improve the selectivity of the product levoglucosenone (LGO). The effects of the parameters such as boric acid loading, nitrogen flow, and temperature on the torrefaction behavior of cellulose were investigated. In the studied temperature range of 240-420 °C, the yield of LGO first increases and then decreases. In addition, its yield increases directly with increasing nitrogen flow rate. The results show that the highest LGO yield of 6.64% (analytical value) can be obtained under 10% (w/w) boric acid loading, 380 °C and nitrogen flow rate of 65 ml/min conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Yang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China; College of Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yaochao Zhang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Yanli Mao
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Junfeng Wu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Songtao Chen
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Ruimei Fan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Injury, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
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Hoang AT, Nizetic S, Ong HC, Chong CT, Atabani AE, Pham VV. Acid-based lignocellulosic biomass biorefinery for bioenergy production: Advantages, application constraints, and perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113194. [PMID: 34243094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of chemicals and fuels from renewable biomass with the primary aim of reducing carbon footprints has recently become one of the central points of interest. The use of lignocellulosic biomass for energy production is believed to meet the main criteria of maximizing the available global energy source and minimizing pollutant emissions. However, before usage in bioenergy production, lignocellulosic biomass needs to undergo several processes, among which biomass pretreatment plays an important role in the yield, productivity, and quality of the products. Acid-based pretreatment, one of the existing methods applied for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, has several advantages, such as short operating time and high efficiency. A thorough analysis of the characteristics of acid-based biomass pretreatment is presented in this review. The environmental concerns and future challenges involved in using acid pretreatment methods are discussed in detail to achieve clean and sustainable bioenergy production. The application of acid to biomass pretreatment is considered an effective process for biorefineries that aim to optimize the production of desired products while minimizing the by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Sandro Nizetic
- University of Split, FESB, Rudjera Boskovica 32, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Centre for Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Cheng Tung Chong
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Lingang, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - A E Atabani
- Alternative Fuels Research Laboratroy (AFRL), Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Van Viet Pham
- Institute of Maritime, Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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David GF, Pereira SDPS, Fernandes SA, Cubides-Roman DC, Siqueira RK, Perez VH, Lacerda V. Fast pyrolysis as a tool for obtaining levoglucosan after pretreatment of biomass with niobium catalysts. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 126:274-282. [PMID: 33784571 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Levoglucosan (LGA) is a promising chemical platform derived from the pyrolysis of biomass that offers access to a variety of value-added products. We report an efficient route to produce LGA via the pretreatment of biomass with niobium compounds (oxalate, chloride and oxide) followed by fast pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) at temperatures of 350-600 °C. Catalytic pretreatment reduces the quantity of lignin in the biomass, concentrates the cellulose and enhance LGA formation during fast pyrolysis. The pretreatment also removes alkaline metals, preventing competitive side reactions. The effect of several parameters such as catalyst weight, time, temperature, and solvent, with the optimal pretreatment conditions determined to be 3 (wt.%) niobium oxalate for 1 h at 23 °C in water. Pretreatment increased the LGA yields by 6.40-fold for sugarcane bagasse, 4.15-fold for elephant grass, 4.13-fold for rice husk, 2.86-fold for coffee husk, and 1.86-fold for coconut husk as compared to the raw biomasses. These results indicate that biomass pretreatment using niobium derivates prior fast pyrolysis can be a promising technique for biomass thermochemical conversion in LGA and others important pyrolytic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Ferreira David
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Sarah de Paiva Silva Pereira
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Sergio Antonio Fernandes
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Diana Catalina Cubides-Roman
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Rogério Krohling Siqueira
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Victor Haber Perez
- Center of Sciences and Agricultural Technologies, State University of Northern of Rio de Janeiro, RJ 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória, ES 29075-910, Brazil.
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Maximizing Anhydrosugar Production from Fast Pyrolysis of Eucalyptus Using Sulfuric Acid as an Ash Catalyst Inhibitor. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8120609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anhydrosugars, such as levoglucosan (LG), are high value-added chemicals which are mainly derived from fast pyrolysis of pure cellulose. However, fast pyrolysis of raw lignocellulosic biomass usually produces a very low amount of levoglucosan, since alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM) present in the ash can serve as the catalysts to inhibit the formation of levoglucosan through accelerating the pyranose ring-opening reactions. In this study, eucalyptus was impregnated with H2SO4 solutions with varying concentrations (0.25–1.25%). The characteristics of ash derived from raw and H2SO4-impregnated eucalyptus were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The pyrolysis behaviors of raw and H2SO4-impregnated eucalyptus were performed on the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). TG analysis demonstrated that the H2SO4-impregnated eucalyptus produced less char than raw eucalyptus. Py-GC/MS analysis showed that even small amounts of H2SO4 can obviously improve the production of anhydrosugars and phenols and suppressed the formation of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and ketones from fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus. The rank order of levoglucosan yield from raw and impregnated eucalyptus was raw < 1.25% H2SO4 < 1% H2SO4 < 0.75% H2SO4 < 0.25% H2SO4 < 0.5% H2SO4. The maximum yield of levoglucosan (21.3%) was obtained by fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus impregnated with 0.5% H2SO4, which was close to its theoretical yield based on the cellulose content. The results could be ascribed to that H2SO4 can react with AAEM (e.g., Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and lignin to form lignosulfonate, thus acting as an inhibitor to suppress the catalytic effects of AAEM during fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus.
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