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Lv YT, Wang Y, Dong J, Miao R, Wang X, Chen X, Wang L. Mechanisms of denitrifying granular sludge disintegration and calcium ion-enhanced re-granulation in acidic wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121794. [PMID: 38986371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Granular sludge is an alternative technology for the direct treatment of acidic nitrate-containing wastewater. Rapid remediation of disintegrated granules is essential to achieve efficient nitrogen removal. In this study, denitrifying granules were inactivated and disintegrated when the influent nitrate-nitrogen concentration was elevated from 240 to 360 mg L-1 in acidic wastewater (pH = 4.1) in a sequencing batch reactor. Tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) decreased by 60%, and extracellular protein (PN) was the main component of the reduced EPS. The three-dimensional excitation emission matrices (3D-EEM) results confirmed that the PNs that decreased were mainly tryptophan-like, tyrosine-like, and aromatic. This study further confirmed that the decrease in PN was mainly from the destruction of C=O (amide I) and N-H functional groups. Overloading of nitrogen-inhibited denitrifying activity and the destruction and dissolution of TB-EPS by acidic pH were responsible for granule disintegration, with PNs playing a major role in maintaining granule stability. Based on this, new granules with an average particle size of 454.4 μm were formed after calcium chloride addition; EPS nearly doubled during granule formation with PN as the dominant component, accounting for 64.7-78.4% of the EPS. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that PN-PN adhesion increased by 1.6-4.9 times in the presence of calcium ions, accelerating the re-granulation of disintegrated particles. This study provides new insights into the disintegration and remediation of granular sludge under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Tao Lv
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jian Dong
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Rui Miao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.
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2
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Zeng T, Wang L, Ren X, Al-Dhabi NA, Sha H, Fu Y, Tang W, Zhang J. The effect of quorum sensing on cadmium- and lead-containing wastewater treatment using activated sludge: Removal efficiency, enzyme activity, and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118835. [PMID: 38582423 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is prevalent in activated sludge processes; however, its essential role in the treatment of heavy metal wastewater has rarely been studied. Therefore, in this study, acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated QS was used to regulate the removal performance, enzyme activity, and microbial community of Cd- and Pb-containing wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) over 30 cycles. The results showed that exogenous AHL strengthened the removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in their coexistence wastewater during the entire period. The removal of NH4+-N, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was also enhanced by the addition of AHL despite the coexistence of Cd(II) and Pb(II). Meanwhile, the protein content of extracellular polymeric substances was elevated and the microbial metabolism and antioxidative response were stimulated by the addition of AHL, which was beneficial for resistance to heavy metal stress and promoted pollutant removal by activated sludge. Microbial sequencing indicated that AHL optimized the microbial community structure, with the abundance of dominant taxa Proteobacteria and Unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae increasing by 73.9% and 59.2% maximally, respectively. This study offers valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying Cd(II) and Pb(II) removal as well as microbial community succession under AHL availability in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Liangqin Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoya Ren
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazard, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haichao Sha
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yusong Fu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wangwang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources & Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Min Y, Xu L, Su J, Ma J, Ali A, Li X. Enhanced ammonia nitrogen and phenol removal by immobilized bacteria through composite mycelium pellet-driven quinone redox cycle. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118893. [PMID: 37688959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The composite mycelium pellet (CMP) was coupled with Pseudomonas sp. Y1 (CMP-Y1) to remove phenol and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N). The CMP was formed by the self-assembly of fungal mycelium with sponge iron (SIO), gallic acid (GA), and oxalic acid. The results showed that CMP with abundant pore size and successful internal loading of sponge iron containing iron nanoparticles. CMP could induce GA redox cycle to form Fenton-like reaction and thus achieve efficient phenol removal (93.32%, 24 h). Meanwhile, the removal efficiencies of phenol, NH4+-N, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) using CMP-Y1 at 12 h were 93.71, 92.40, and 89.00%, respectively. The increase in the electron transfer activity of strain Y1 by the addition of CMP could facilitate the nitrogen removal processes. In addition, high-throughput sequencing results indicated the abundance of antioxidant and repair genes was increased, which might be a strategy of strain Y1 to cope with oxidative stress. This strategy provided the possibility for the practical application of the combination of advanced oxidation and biological treatment, and offered new insights into the symbiotic system of fungi and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Min
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Jiayao Ma
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, China
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4
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Zhu X, Gong W, Li W, Zhang C. Fixating lead in coal gangue with phosphate using phosphate-dissolving bacteria: Phosphorus dissolving characteristics of bacteria and adsorption mechanism of extracellular polymer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131923. [PMID: 37364436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Controlling and preventing lead pollution is currently the focus of environmental remediation. Coal gangue contains large quantities of lead, and its environmental impact cannot be ignored. This study investigated the tolerance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (YZ-1 train) to lead ion and its fixation effect on lead in coal gangue. The fixation mechanism of lead ions by using the YZ-1 train was studied with CaHPO4 and Ca3(PO4)2. The tolerance mechanism and fixation characteristics of the three bacterial extracellular polymers and cell components to lead were analyzed. The results show that the YZ-1 train had a strong resistance to lead ions. The amount of lead released from coal gangue can be reduced by up to 91.1% upon treatment with the YZ-1 train, which can dissolve phosphate minerals to form stable hydroxyapatite (Pb5(PO4)3(OH)) and pyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3Cl) with lead ions. Tryptophan and tyrosine from cellular components and extracellular polymers with loosely and tightly bound proteins are the main participants in the fixation of lead ions. The by-products of soluble microbes affect the fixation of lead ions in soluble extracellular polymers. The carboxylic acids and carboxylates secreted by bacteria are involved in the adsorption and fixation of lead ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China
| | - Wenhui Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China
| | - Wang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China.
| | - Chuanxiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China
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5
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Xie Z, Zhang N, Yang G, Xu Q, Wang D, Tang L, Xia J, Li P, Li X. Environmentally relevant level of perfluorooctanoic acid affect the formation of aerobic granular sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117659. [PMID: 36893544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The growing increasing occurrence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in wastewater has raised concerns about its potential impact on the environment. Nevertheless, the impact of PFOA at environmentally relevant level on the formation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is still a 'black box'. This study thus aims to fill this gap by comprehensive investigation of sludge properties, reactor performance and microbial community during the formation of AGS. It was found that 0.1 mg/L PFOA delayed the formation of AGS, causing relatively lower proportion of large size AGS at the end of operation process. Interestingly, the microorganisms contribute to the reactor's tolerance to PFOA by secreting more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to slow or block the entry of toxic substances into the cells. During the granule maturation period, the reactor nutrient removal especially chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) were affected by PFOA, decreasing the corresponding removal efficiencies to ∼81.2% and ∼69.8%, respectively. Microbial analysis further revealed that PFOA decreased the abundances of Plasticicumulans, Thauera, Flavobacterium and Cytophagaceae_uncultured, but it has promoted Zoogloea and Betaproteobacteria_unclassified growth, which maintained the structures and functions of AGS. The above results revealed that the intrinsic mechanism of PFOA on the macroscopic representation of sludge granulation process was revealed, and it is expected to provide theoretical insights and practical support for direct adoption of municipal or industrial wastewater containing perfluorinated compounds to cultivate AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyun Xie
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Ni Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Guojing Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Li Tang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Jingfen Xia
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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Li H, Cai T, Gao Y, Dai Q, Liu X, Chen X, Lu X, Zhen G. Long-term performance, microbial evolution and spatial microstructural characteristics of anammox granules in an upflow blanket filter (UBF) treating high-strength nitrogen wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128206. [PMID: 36323371 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Granule formation, microstructure and microbial spatial distribution are crucial to granule stability and nitrogen removal. Here, an upflow blanket filter (UBF) reactor with porous fixed cylinder carriers was fabricated and operated for 234 days to investigate overall performance and the formation mechanism of anammox granules. Results showed that the UBF performed the highest nitrogen removal efficiency of 93.19 ± 3.39% under nitrogen loading rate of 3.6 kg-N/m3/d and HRT of 2 h. The tryptophan-like proteins as the key component in EPS were vital for granules formation. Further 16 s rRNA analysis indicated that SBR1031 with a relative abundance of 40.5% played an important role in cell aggregation. Thus, anammox granules were developed successfully with a two-layered spatial structure where outer-layer was ammonia oxidizing bacteria and inner-core was anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria. Together, introduction of porous fixed cylinder carriers is a valid method to avoid biomass loss and floatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Teng Cai
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yijing Gao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Qicai Dai
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xue Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N Zhongshan Rd, Shanghai 200062, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai 200092, PR China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
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7
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Short-term responses of the anammox process to Ni(II): nitrogen removal, mechanisms and inhibition recovery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12588. [PMID: 35869181 PMCID: PMC9307604 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (anammox) has already been recognized as an innovative and economical nitrogen removal technology. However, the effect of heavy metals on anammox bacteria in aquatic ecosystem remains largely unknown. Ni(II) is a common kind of heavy metals detected in industrial wastewater and municipal sewage treatment plants. Hence, the responses of the anammox process to Ni(II) were studied here. The results showed that anammox was the dominant reaction with Ni(II) concentrations no more than 25 mg/L. 1 mg/L of Ni(II) addition promoted nitrogen removal by anammox. The higher the Ni(II) concentrations and longer exposure time, the more inhibition for anammox bacteria was gotten. The IC50 of Ni(II) to anammox was determined as 83.86 mg/L by an exponential regression equation. The inhibition of Ni(II) on anammox activity was mainly attributed to intracellular accumulation Ni(II) inhibition to HDH activity. Two times increase of IC50 after 4 times circles of domestication suggests multiple intermittent domestication can increase the tolerance of anammox bacteria to Ni(II). EDTA washing can eliminate the inhibition of anammox activity by Ni(II) with Ni(II) addition no more than 25 mg/L.
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Cheng J, Qiao L, Xu W, Qian Y, Ge Y, Xia T, Li Y. Nickel (ii) effects on Anammox reaction: reactor performance, dehydrogenase, sludge morphology and microbial community changes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:4227-4236. [PMID: 34152252 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1946165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (ii) (Ni2+) is considered as one of the necessary trace elements in the process of Anammox culture, but it may have toxic effects at high concentration. This study explored the long-term influence of Ni2+ on the denitrification efficiency of Anammox bioreactors. The results showed that when the concentration of Ni2+ was 0.5 mg/L, the bioreactor had the highest denitrification efficiency, while the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen gradually decreased at concentrations higher than 2 mg/L, and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were 26% and 39.81% at the end of the experiment, respectively. The NRR was decreased from 7.47 kg N/m3 d to 3.28 kg N/m3 d during the whole process. The highest concentration of microbial dehydrogenase was attained in about 40 days; in the meantime, its ability to consume organic matter was also maximized. The sludge morphology was changed from granular cluster to loose flocculant with a small number of spherical and filamentous bacteria and bacilli distributed on the surface. At the end of the experiment, both species richness and community diversity were reduced, and the proportion of the dominant bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia was also decreased from 59.89% to 36.72%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Qiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- Everbright Water Technology Development (Nanjing) Co., Ltd., Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Ge
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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9
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Ji J, Luan Y, Zhu X, Sun P, Gao M, Zhao Y, Guo L, She Z, Jin C, Ding S, Zhang M. Insights into the response of anammox sludge to the combined stress of nickel and salinity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156670. [PMID: 35700780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a promising technology applied to treat industrial wastewater, while the commonly coexistent heavy metals and salinity usually become a challenging issue to be addressed. In this study, the responses of anammox sludge in terms of performance, activity, functional enzyme and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) to the combined stress of Ni(II) and salinity (20 ‰) were investigated holistically. It turned out that low Ni(II) concentration (0.2 mg·L-1) together with salinity (20 ‰) showed an insignificant effect on the anammox performance, while a decreased nitrogen removal by 46.96 % was observed with the increased Ni(II) concentration to 1 mg·L-1. It should be pointed out that the anammox system exhibited good robustness evidenced by rapid recovery to achieve 89.13 % of nitrogen removal efficiency and 1.21 kg·m-3·d-1 of nitrogen removal rate after the elimination of stress factors within 40 days. Ni(II) concentration was revealed to play a more important role in the specific activity of anammox sludge. The functional enzymes related to nitrogen removal, e.g. nitrite reductase (NIR), hydrazine oxidase (HZO) and heme c were found to be inhibited by the combined stress of Ni(II) and salinity, with decreased activity by 49.54 %, 39.39 % and 45.88 %, respectively. However, the enzyme related to assimilation, e.g. alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and nitrate reductase (NAR) appeared to be enhanced. The EPS content was found to decrease by 55.19 % under the combined stress. Detailed analysis of 3D-EEM and FTIR spectra further revealed that the combined stress of Ni(II) and salinity could change both the quantity and composition of EPS in anammox sludge. These results are expected to offer insights into the combined effect of nickel and salinity on the anammox system, and benefit the application of anammox technology for industrial metal-rich saline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Ji
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yaping Luan
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Pan Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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10
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Negi R, Kumar R, Jawed M. Recovery potential of aerobic sludge biomass from Co (II) stress in sequencing batch reactors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61954-61966. [PMID: 35378654 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in higher concentrations are often encountered in domestic sewage of developing and under-developed countries. High metallic concentrations can stress reactor sludge biomass morphology impeding its performance in organics reduction. However, the extent of damage and ability of sludge biomass to recover from the metallic stress is not fully understood. Also, there is no protocol to identify and prevent the sludge biomass from metallic stress in fully functional sewage treatment plants (STPs). This study investigates performance, metabolic activity, morphology, and settling characteristics of the sludge biomass under different Co(II) stress conditions. The extent of recovery in biomass, when the supply of Co(II) metal ion was discontinued in the inlet stream, was explored. The study also proposed a protocol based on simple settling characteristics of sludge biomass to get an early indication of metal infiltration to prevent potential damage to the biomass morphology. Four sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) with Co(II) ion concentrations of 0 (designated as RCo0), 5 (RCo5), 25 (RCo25), and 75 mg/L (RCo75) in the feed were operated with a cycle time of 12 h. Reactors were operated for 35 days with Co(II) in the feed (termed as stressed phase operation) followed by 24 days of operation without Co(II) in the feed (termed as recovery phase operation). Results show that COD removal in reactor RCo75 reduced to 48% on the 10th day of stressed phase operation, showing a lag in COD removal due to metallic stress. The activity of biomass in reactors RCo5, RCo25, and RCo75 was reduced by 39%, 45%, and 49%, respectively, in the stressed phase compared to the biomass in control reactor. Recovery in COD removal efficiency and specific biomass activity were observed in all the reactors after the removal of metallic stress. The settleability of sludge biomass in reactors RCo25 and RCo75 was significantly affected. Transformation in the shape of flocs in reactor RCo25 and RCo75 biomasses revealed the prolonged effect of metallic stress, which was observed to be irreversible even during the recovery phase operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajhans Negi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Environmental Research Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.
| | - Rajneesh Kumar
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammad Jawed
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
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Luo D, Qian J, Fu JX, Liu C, Zhang RX, Huang DN, Zhang L. Responses of anammox to long-term p-nitrophenol stress: From apparent and microscopic phenomena to mechanism simulation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127265. [PMID: 35526714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
p-Nitrophenol is usually present in ammonia-rich wastewaters produced by some chemical plants. In this work, the response of anammox process to long-term p-nitrophenol stress was investigated. The changes in the efficiency, sludge characteristics, and microorganisms of the anammox system under different levels of p-nitrophenol stress were examined, and the potential stress mechanisms of p-nitrophenol on anammox were further speculated. The results showed that 10-50 mg/L p-nitrophenol had no obvious impact on nitrogen removal efficiency, but stimulated the secretion of more extracellular polymeric substances. 60 mg/L p-nitrophenol caused the nitrogen removal efficiency to decrease by 64.5% in 5 days. Long-term exposure to p-nitrophenol led to 8.6% reduction in Candidatus_Kuenenia abundance and 18.4%-35.9% decrease in the expression level of anammox bacterial functional genes. Molecular simulation indicated that p-nitrophenol could bind to key enzymes of anammox. This study provides new insights into the treatment of wastewater containing p-nitrophenol or phenol by anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Jie Qian
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Fu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China; School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Dian-Nan Huang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China.
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12
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Yan X, Yang J, Guo D, Ma J, Su X, Sun J. Effect of carbon source on nitrous oxide emission characteristics and sludge properties during anoxic/aerobic wastewater treatment process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:57557-57568. [PMID: 34091848 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon sources are an important parameter in wastewater treatment processes and are closely related to treatment efficiency and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In this study, three parallel sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were processed with acetic acid, propionic acid, and a 1:1 mixture of both acids (calculated in COD) to study the effect of carbon sources on N2O generation and sludge properties (including intracellular polymer content, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composition, particle size distribution, settleability, and microbial community structure). The results showed that the highest COD, NH4+-N, and TP removal efficiencies (92.2%, 100%, and 82.3%, respectively) were achieved by the reactor with mixed acid as the carbon source, whereas the reactor using acetic acid had the highest TN removal rate (82.6%) and the lowest N2O-N conversion rate (1.4%, based on TN removal). The reactor with the carbon source of mixed acid produced the highest polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) content, which led to an increase in N2O generation from the aerobic denitrification pathway. The SBR with mixed acid carbon source also had the highest concentration of EPS, which resulted in the largest particle size and the lowest settleability of sludge flocs among the SBRs. Microbial analysis results revealed that the difference in carbon sources resulted in a variation in the microbial community as well as in the relative abundances of functional microbes involved in biological nitrogen removal processes. The mixed acid promoted the development of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), which conducted the primary N2O generation pathway of aerobic denitrification bioreactions. The carbon source of acetic acid promoted the growth of denitrifying bacteria (DNB), which led to the highest TN removal rate. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the effects of carbon sources on N2O generation and sludge properties for WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Dongli Guo
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Xianfa Su
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
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13
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Zhang S, Zhang L, Yao H, Rong H, Li S. Responses of anammox process to elevated Fe(III) stress: Reactor performance, microbial community and functional genes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125051. [PMID: 33647612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to re-evaluate the impacts of elevated Fe(III) stress on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. The results indicated that long-term low concentration Fe(III) (5 and 10 mg/L) exposure significantly improved the nitrogen removal efficiency of anammox process, while high concentration Fe(III) (50 and 100 mg/L) significantly deteriorated the reactor performance. Batch assays showed that the specific anammox activity, heme c content and hydrazine dehydrogenase activity were significantly increased and decreased under low and high concentration Fe(III) exposure, respectively, indicating an enhancement and inhibition of anammox activity. Moreover, the presence of high concentration Fe(III) significantly shifted the anammox community structure. Ca. Brocadia was the predominant anammox genus, whose abundance decreased from 14.26% to 8.13% as Fe(III) concentration increased from 0 to 100 mg/L. In comparison, the abundance of denitrifiers progressively increased from 3.70% to 6.68% with increasing Fe(III) concentration. These suggested that different functional bacteria differed in their responses to Fe(III) stress. Furthermore, long-term Fe(III) exposure significantly up-regulated the abundances of genes associated with nitrogen metabolism and Fe(III) reduction. Overall, the obtained findings are expected to advances our understanding of the responses of anammox process to elevated Fe(III) stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hainan Yao
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shugeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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14
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Guo S, Huang Y, Zhou L, Huang X. Improvement of sludge dewaterability and disintegration efficiency using electrolytic zero-valent iron activated peroxymonosulfate. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:458-468. [PMID: 34312351 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrolysis zero-valent iron activated peroxymonosulfate (EZVI-PMS) was applied to enhance sludge dewaterability and disintegration performance. Sludge dewaterability was characterized by capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF), and disintegration performance was explored by measuring sludge DNA content, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). EPS, including soluble EPS (SB-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) were analyzed by three dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission spectrum (3D-EEM) to confirm the proteins' transformation tendency. DOC, protein and polysaccharide in EPSs were quantified to investigate the conditioning mechanism. The results showed that sludge CST and SRF were reduced significantly when the current was 0.2 A and PMS dosage was 130 mg/gDS with the reductions of 43.8% and 74.1%, respectively, and DNA was released from sludge cells to the liquid phase. Mechanically, sludge TB-EPS converted to SB-EPS with DOC in TB-EPS decreasing from 367.0 mg/L to 210 mg/L, while DOC in SB-EPS increased from 44 mg/L to 167.4 mg/L. Besides, the changes of protein and polysaccharide contents in SB-EPS and TB-EPS were similar to DOC, and protein in TB-EPS transformed to other protein-like or organic substances obviously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Guo
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 10 of Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 10 of Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Long Zhou
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 10 of Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xinghu Huang
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 10 of Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
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Qian J, Bai L, Zhang M, Chen L, Yan X, Sun R, Zhang M, Chen GH, Wu D. Achieving rapid thiosulfate-driven denitrification (TDD) in a granular sludge system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116716. [PMID: 33290906 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) can drive a high level of autotrophic denitrification (AD) activity with thiosulfate (S2O32-) as the electron donor. However, the slow growth of SOB results in a low biomass concentration in the AD reactor and unsatisfactory biological nitrogen removal (BNR). In this study, our goal was to establish a high-rate thiosulfate-driven denitrification (TDD) system via sludge granulation. Granular sludge was successfully cultivated by increasing the nitrogen loading rate stepwise in thiosulfate-oxidizing/nitrate-reducing conditions in an upflow anaerobic blanket reactor. In the mature-granular-sludge reactor, a nitrate removal rate of 280 mg N/L/h was achieved with a nitrate removal efficiency of 97.7%±1.0% at a hydraulic retention time of only 15 minutes, with no nitrite detected in the effluent. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) analysis indicated that the proteins in loosely bound and tightly bound EPS were responsible for maintaining the compact structure of the TDD granular sludge. The dynamics of the microbial-community shift were identified by 16S rRNA high-throughput pyrosequencing analysis. The Sulfurimonas genus was found to be enriched at 74.1% of total community and may play the most critical role in the high-rate BNR. The batch assay results reveal that no nitrite accumulation occurred during nitrate reduction because the nitrate reduction rate (75.90±0.67 mg N/g MLVSS/h) was almost equal to the nitrite reduction rate (66.06±1.28 mg N/g MLVSS/h) in the thiosulfate-driven granular sludge reactor. The results of this study provide support for the establishment of a high-rate BNR system that maintains its stability with a low sludge yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linqin Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingkuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xueqian Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ran Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiting Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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16
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Bian C, Ge D, Wang G, Dong Y, Li W, Zhu N, Yuan H. Enhancement of waste activated sludge dewaterability by ultrasound-activated persulfate oxidation: Operation condition, sludge properties, and mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:128385. [PMID: 33182129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study proposed the ultrasound-activated persulfate oxidation as a novel approach to enhance sludge dewaterability. The results demonstrated that the reduction of water content of dewatered sludge cake was 16.5% and the capillary suction time was reduced to 39.5 s at the optimal conditions of 1.0 mmol/g-TS S2O82- and ultrasound energy density of 2.0 kW L-1 within 15 min. The promotion of dewaterability was closely associated with the enlarged floc size, decreased viscosity, and near-neutral zeta potential. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis revealed that the protein in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) governed sludge dewaterability, especially in loosely bound EPS. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy analysis revealed that ultrasound-activated persulfate oxidation treatment effectively degraded the gel-like EPS matrix and attacked cells, releasing the moisture which was trapped in EPS and cells. The aggregation of particles promoted the elimination of moisture. Furthermore, heavy metals in conditioned dewatered sludge cakes all satisfied the A level of agricultural land (GB4284-2018) requirements and the chemical speciation distribution of some heavy metals changed significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Bian
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dongdong Ge
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanting Dong
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Haiping Yuan
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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17
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Wang R, Lou J, Fang J, Cai J, Hu Z, Sun P. Effects of heavy metals and metal (oxide) nanoparticles on enhanced biological phosphorus removal. REV CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2018-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWith the rapid growth of economics and nanotechnology, a significant portion of the anthropogenic emissions of heavy metals and nanoparticles (NPs) enters wastewater streams and discharges to wastewater treatment plants, thereby potentially posing a risk to the bacteria that facilitate the successful operation of the enhanced biological phosphorus (P) removal (EBPR) process. Although some efforts have been made to obtain detailed insights into the effects of heavy metals and metal (oxide) nanoparticles [Me(O)NPs], many unanswered questions remain. One question is whether the toxicity of Me(O)NPs originates from the released metal ions. This review aims to holistically evaluate the effects of heavy metals and Me(O)NPs. The interactions among extracellular polymeric substances, P, and heavy metals [Me(O)NPs] are presented and discussed for the first time. The potential mechanisms of the toxicity of heavy metals [Me(O)NPs] are summarized. Additionally, mathematical models of the toxicity and removal of P, heavy metals, and Me(O)NPs are overviewed. Finally, knowledge gaps and opportunities for further study are discussed to pave the way for fully understanding the inhibition of heavy metals [Me(O)NPs] and for reducing their inhibitory effect to maximize the reliability of the EBPR process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Juqing Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jing Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zhirong Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- GL Environment Inc., Hamilton, Canada
| | - Peide Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
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18
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Chen S, Tao Z, Yao F, Wu B, He L, Hou K, Pi Z, Fu J, Yin H, Huang Q, Liu Y, Wang D, Li X, Yang Q. Enhanced anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and food waste by sulfidated microscale zerovalent iron: Insights in direct interspecies electron transfer mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 316:123901. [PMID: 32739579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of zerovalent iron (ZVI) on anaerobic digestion (AD) has been proved, but there are still some problems that constrain the large-scale application of ZVI, such as the destruction of cell membrane and the inhibition of methanogenesis led by rapid H2 accumulation. Aiming at these problems, sulfidated microscale zerovalent iron (S-mZVI) was employed to evaluate its effect on anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of waste activated sludge (WAS) and food waste (FW). Experimental results showed that S-mZVI promoted the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between specific bacteria and methanogens, resulting in higher methane yield. At S-mZVI 10 g/L, the cumulative methane yield and ETS activity reached 264.78 mL/g-VS and 24.62 mg INTF/(g-TS h), which was 1.33 and 1.83 times that of blank. Microbiological analysis demonstrated that the abundance of DIET-related microorganisms such as Syntrophomonas, Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium increased with the increasing dosage of S-mZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Ziletao Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Fubing Yao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Li He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Kunjie Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhoujie Pi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jing Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huanyu Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yujie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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19
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Maal-Bared R. Operational impacts of heavy metals on activated sludge systems: the need for improved monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:560. [PMID: 32748335 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological nutrient removal is highly reliant on maintaining a heterogeneous, balanced, and metabolically active microbial community that can adapt to the fluctuating composition of influent wastewater and encompassing environmental conditions. Maintaining this balance can be challenging in municipal wastewater systems that sporadically receive wastewater from industrial facilities due to the impact of heavy metals and other contaminants on the microbial ecology of the activated sludge. A thorough understanding of the impacts of heavy metals on activated sludge and of practical monitoring options is needed to support decision-making at the wastewater utility level. This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, the review explains what happens when heavy metals interact with activated sludge systems by highlighting biosorption and bioaccumulation processes, and when an activated sludge system switches from bioaccumulation to toxic shock. Here, it also summarizes the impacts of heavy metal exposure on plant performance. In the second part, the review summarizes practical approaches that can be used at the plant outside the realm of traditional toxicological bioassays testing to determine the possible impacts of influent heavy metal concentrations on the BNR process. These approaches include the following: monitoring operational parameters for major shifts; respirometry; microscopy; ATP; chemical analyses of heavy metals with a focus on synergistic impacts and inhibitory limits; and other novel approaches, such as EPS chemical analyses, molecular techniques, and quorum sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Maal-Bared
- Scientific Services, Quality Assurance and Environment, EPCOR Water Canada, EPCOR Tower, 2000 10423 101 Street, Edmonton, AB, T5H 0E8, Canada.
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20
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Zhou L, Zhang W, De Costa YG, Zhuang WQ, Yi S. Assessing inorganic components of cake layer in A/O membrane bioreactor for physical-chemical treated tannery effluent. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126220. [PMID: 32120146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an anoxic-oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O-MBR), was used to treat effluent tannery wastewater pretreated by physicochemical processes. The A/O-MBR performed well during the experimental period and was able to produce a high-quality effluent containing 90 ± 10 mg-CODcr/L and 0.5 ± 0.1 mg-NH4+-N/L. However, it was observed that at rates of approximately 1.02 kPa/day and 1.2 μm/day, both transmembrane pressure (TMP) and thickness of cake layer increased during wastewater treatment. The eventual thickness of the cake layer was between 47.8 and 51.5 μm. Furthermore, an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer, used to analyze inorganic components of the cake layer, revealed that four inorganic elements, Cr, Ca, Mg and Al were predominant (weight percentage rate 4:13:10:72). Due to low solubility (Cr(OH)3: Ksp 6.3 × 10-31; Al(OH)3: Ksp 6.3 × 10-19), the elements of Cr and Al mainly existed in the forms of Cr(OH)3 and Al(OH)3, respectively. Other minerals in the cake layer included Al2O3, CaCO3, and MgCO3. Additionally, using an SEM-EDX (Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analyzer), we discovered that inorganic particles that formed within the activated sludge of the A/O-MBR steadily accumulating on the membrane surface, resulted in an evenly distributed inorganic layer which could be observed along the cross-sections of the cake layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yashika G De Costa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Wei-Qin Zhuang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shan Yi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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21
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Zhu Y, Xiao K, Zhou Y, Yu W, Tao S, Le C, Lu D, Yu Z, Liang S, Hu J, Hou H, Liu B, Yang J. Profiling of amino acids and their interactions with proteinaceous compounds for sewage sludge dewatering by Fenton oxidation treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115645. [PMID: 32146204 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
During advanced oxidation treatment for enhancing sludge dewaterability, the peptide chains of protein can be decomposed into amino acids. Protein exhibits a great impact on sewage sludge dewaterability. However, the role of amino acids in sludge dewatering remains unclear. In this study, among the 23 types of amino acids investigated, tryptophane (Trp) and lysine (Lys) were identified as the key amino acids affecting sludge dewaterability during Fenton oxidation treatment. The content of lysine showed positive correlations with capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF), and bound water content, and the concentrations of total protein, low molecular weight protein, amines and amides, and 3-turn helix of proteinaceous compounds in bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), while the content of tryptophane showed negative correlations with the above parameters. The amino acids may be sourced from damage of the membrane and ribosomal proteins by hydroxyl radicals, and the peptide bonds connected with tryptophane were more inclined to be decomposed than other amino acids. Particularly, more amino acids of tryptophane can result in more hydrophobic interaction, and less necessary energy barrier for aggregation of particles. As such, regulating protein degradation towards production of tryptophane may be related with enhanced sludge dewaterability by Fenton oxidation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Shuangyi Tao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Chencheng Le
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Dan Lu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zecong Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
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22
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Li Y, Wang D, Xu Q, Liu X, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yang G, Yuan X, Wu Z, Guan R, Xiong T, He D, Fu Q. New insight into modification of extracellular polymeric substances extracted from waste activated sludge by homogeneous Fe(II)/persulfate process. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125804. [PMID: 31931311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fe(II)/persulfate process has been proven to be a promising technique for disintegrating sludge, while during the Fe(II)/persulfate treatment the direct information about the variation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) properties, which is a key factor affecting sludge dewatering, is still lacked. In this work, different dosages of Fe(II)/persulfate were employed to treat EPS fractions extracted from waste activated sludge. The experiment results showed that EPS fractions were modified by Fe(II)/persulfate process. An oxidation/flocculation process was raised to unveil how Fe(II)/persulfate modified EPS fractions: Firstly, SO4- and OH were formed by chemical reactions of Fe(II) activating persulfate and radical interconversion, respectively. Then these species nonselectively fragmented EPS fractions through decomposing their components, which facilitated decrement of the hydrophilic components and high/mid molecular weight of organics in EPS fractions. Furthermore, these radicals transformed the secondary structure of EPS proteins by affecting the hydrogen bonds at specific positions and inducing the cleavage of the S-S bonds in cysteine residues of proteins, which led to loose layout of protein molecules and thus increased exposure of the hydrophobic groups hidden in EPS protein molecules. Secondly, Fe(III), i.e., the oxidation product of Fe(II), assembled the ruptured colloids particles through lessening electronegativity. Consequently, Fe(II)/persulfate process elevated the flocculability and hydrophobicity of EPS fractions, which would improve physicochemical and rheological properties of sludge to facilitate its dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xuran Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yali Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yanxin Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Guojing Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China.
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, PR China
| | - Renpeng Guan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Ting Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Dandan He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Qizi Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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23
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Li Y, Wang D, Yang G, Yuan X, Xu Q, Yang Q, Liu Y, Wang Q, Ni BJ, Tang W, Jiang L. Enhanced dewaterability of anaerobically digested sludge by in-situ free nitrous acid treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 169:115264. [PMID: 31710916 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As the protonated form of nitrite, free nitrous acid (FNA) is a renewable chemical that can be produced on site from the anaerobic digestion liquor by nitritation, and has been widely employed to improve the fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS). However, it is not clear whether and how FNA improves the dewaterability of anaerobically digested sludge (ADS). This work therefore aims to provide such supports through comparing the dewaterability of ADS treated by nitrite at different concentrations (0-250 mg/L) under three pH values (5.5, 6.3, or 7.2). Environmental results showed that nitrite was completely denitrified within 12 h, and its addition improved the dewaterability of ADS in all the cases. The optimal normalized capillary suction time of 18.0 ± 0.4 s L/g VSS was obtained at nitrite 50 mg/L and pH 5.5 (equivalent of 0.35 mg/L FNA) in comparison with corresponding value of 23.2 ± 0.4 s L/g·VSS at pH 5.5 (equivalent of 0 mg/L FNA). Under this scenario, 80.5% ± 2.0% of water content was obtained in the FNA-treated sample after press filtration while the corresponding value was 88.5% ± 1.7% in the control. The mechanism investigations showed that FNA treatment reduced surface negative charge of ADS flocs and caused disruption of extracellular polymeric substances and release of intracellular substances, which enhanced the flocculability, hydrophobicity, and flowability, but decreased the bound water content, fractal dimension, and viscosity of ADS. Additionally, FNA treatment altered the secondary structure of proteins through destroying the hydrogen bond, which led to a loose structure of protein, benefiting the exposure of hydrophobic sites or groups in EPS proteins. The findings obtained deepen our understanding of FNA affecting sludge dewatering and provide strong supports to sustainable operation of wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Guojing Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, PR China.
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Wangwang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Longbo Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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24
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Bhat SA, Cui G, Li W, Wei Y, Li F. Effect of heavy metals on the performance and bacterial profiles of activated sludge in a semi-continuous reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125035. [PMID: 31606576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are toxic to microorganisms at specific concentrations and can have a serious effect on the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment plants. The wastewater treatment performance and bacterial communities of activated sludge were investigated at different heavy metal concentrations (0.1-10 mg L-1 for Cd(II), Pb(II) and 1-100 mg L-1 for Cu(II)) in a well-controlled semi-continuous reactor in 30 d period. Glucose was added once every 8 h as the carbon source throughout the experiment. The heavy metal toxicity was related to chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy, bacterial activity and community composition. The first-order consumption rate for glucose showed that the activity was decreasing in comparison to the control. The COD removal efficiency was also decreased from 87% to 26% in all the reactors under different heavy metal concentrations treatment. The PCR-DGGE and sequencing results revealed that the bacterial diversity showed evident variations under heavy metal stress owing to the potential toxicity of heavy metals. At the genus level, Pedobacter steynii and Flavobacterium, were only tolerant to Cu(II) at 100 mg L-1, while Rhodanobacter thiooxydans resisted to all heavy metal concentrations except Cu(II) 100 mg L-1. Cluster analysis and Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the microbial community in Cu(II) was different from the sludge samples treated with Cd(II) and Pb(II) concentrations. The study indicated that it is necessary to identify the metal tolerant species of bacteria for maintaining good performance of biological wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Guangyu Cui
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenjiao Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yongfen Wei
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Fusheng Li
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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25
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Ge D, Yuan H, Shen Y, Zhang W, Zhu N. Improved sludge dewaterability by tannic acid conditioning: Temperature, thermodynamics and mechanism studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 230:14-23. [PMID: 31102867 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge (WAS), containing biological pathogens, chemical elements and high moisture (>99%), was generated continually from municipal sewage treatment plants. Sludge dewatering could diminish the volume of WAS and control the diffusion of environmental pollution efficiently. In this study, tannic acid (TA), as a plant-derived phenolic compound, was investigated for improving WAS dewaterability at different temperatures. Apparently, the WAS dewaterability was enhanced by TA conditioning in the range of 25-55 °C, but further increase in temperature did not significantly affect the dewatering. With the TA addition of 0.15 mmol/gTS (total solid) at 55 °C, the WAS dewaterability was improved by 84.5% decrease in capillary suction time (CST), 96.5% decrease in specific resistance of filtration (SRF), and 19.9% decrease in water content (Wc) of dewatered sludge cake. TA facilitated removing supernatant viscosity and protein of sludge EPS (extracellular polymeric substances), specifically with 88.9% and 75.0% protein removal of slime EPS (S-EPS) and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS). Thermodynamics modeling revealed that the improved dewaterability was dominantly attributed to the hydrophobic bonding between TA and EPS proteins, which was strengthened with the increase in temperature. However, when the conditioning temperature exceeded 55 °C, thermal effect took place and accelerated the release of biopolymers into EPS and hence, counteracted the beneficial effect of TA conditioning to further improve WAS dewatering. The results offered not only the dewatering effectiveness and mechanism of TA conditioning, but also a potential approach of applying plant waste to treat WAS for the high dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Ge
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Haiping Yuan
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanwen Shen
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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26
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Ma B, Li Z, Wang S, Liu Z, Li S, She Z, Yu N, Zhao C, Jin C, Zhao Y, Guo L, Gao M. Insights into the effect of nickel (Ni(II)) on the performance, microbial enzymatic activity and extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:81-89. [PMID: 31071636 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The performance, nitrogen removal rate, microbial enzymatic activity and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of activated sludge were assessed under nickel (Ni(II)) stress. The organic matter and NH4+-N removal efficiencies were stable at less than 10 mg/L Ni(II) and subsequently decreased with the increment of Ni(II) concentration from 10 to 30 mg/L. The specific oxygen uptake rate and dehydrogenase activity kept stable at less than 5 mg/L Ni(II) and then declined at 5-30 mg/L Ni(II). Both specific ammonia-oxidizing rate (SAOR) and specific nitrite-oxidizing rate (SNOR) decreased with the increment of Ni(II) concentration. The changing trends of ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite oxidoreductase activities were matched those of SAOR and SNOR, respectively. The nitrite-reducing rate and nitrate-reducing rate illustrated a similar variation tendency to the nitrite reductase activity and nitrate reductase activity, respectively. Ni(II) impacted on the production, chemical composition and functional group of EPS. The relation between the sludge volume index and the EPS production exhibited a better linear function with a negative slope, demonstrating that Ni(II) improved the sludge settleability despite of the increase of EPS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Ma
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Sen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaozhe Liu
- Qingjian International Group Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Naling Yu
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Changkun Zhao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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27
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Liu X, Chowdhury MMI, Zaman M, Kim M, Nakhla G. Acute and chronic toxicity of nickel to nitrifiers at different temperatures. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 82:169-178. [PMID: 31133262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the acute nickel toxicity on nitrification of low ammonia synthetic wastewater at 10, 23, and 35°C. The nickel inhibition half-velocity constants (KI,Ni) for ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) based on Ni/MLSS ratio at 10, 23, and 35°C were 5.4 and 5.6 mg Ni/g MLSS, 4.6 and 3.5 mg Ni/g MLSS, and 9.1 and 2.7 mg Ni/g MLSS, respectively. In addition, chronic toxicity of nickel to nitrification of low ammonia synthetic wastewater was investigated at 10°C in two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). Long-term SBRs operation and short-term batch tests were comparable with respect to the extent of inhibition and corresponding Ni/MLSS ratio. The μmax, b, and Ko of AOB were 0.16 day-1, 0.098 day-1 and 2.08 mg O2/L after long-term acclimatization to nickel of 1 mg/L at 10°C, high dissolved oxygen (DO) (7 mg/L) and long solids retention time (SRT) of 63-70 days. Acute nickel toxicity of nitrifying bacteria was completely reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Mohammad M I Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Masuduz Zaman
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Mingu Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - George Nakhla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.
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28
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Haddad SA, Lemanowicz J, Abd El-Azeim MM. Cellulose decomposition in clay and sandy soils contaminated with heavy metals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 16:3275-3290. [DOI: 10.1007/s13762-018-1918-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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29
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Wu D, Zhang Q, Xia WJ, Shi ZJ, Huang BC, Fan NS, Jin RC. Effect of divalent nickel on the anammox process in a UASB reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:934-944. [PMID: 31509923 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has the advantages of a high nitrogen removal rate, low operational cost, and small footprint and has been successfully implemented to treat high-content ammonium wastewater. However, very little is known about the toxicity of the heavy metal element Ni(II) to the anammox process. In this study, the short- and long-term effects of Ni(II) on the anammox process in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor were revealed. The results of the short-term batch test showed that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Ni(II) on anammox biomass was 14.6 mg L-1. A continuous-flow experiment was performed for 150 days of operation, and the results illustrated that after domestication, the achieved nitrogen removal efficiency was up to 93±0.03% at 10 mg L-1 Ni(II). The settling velocity, specific anammox activity and EPS content decreased as the Ni(II) concentration increased. Nevertheless, the content of heme c increased as the Ni(II) increased. These results indicate that short-term exposure to Ni(II) has an adverse impact on anammox process, but the anammox system could tolerate 10 mg L-1 Ni(II) stress after acclimation during continuous-flow operation for 150 days. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that the presence of Ni(II) had an impact on the microbial community composition in the anammox reactor, especially Candidatus Kuenenia. At Ni(II) concentrations of 0-10 mg L-1, the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia decreased from 36.23% to 28.46%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
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Wu D, Li GF, Shi ZJ, Zhang Q, Huang BC, Fan NS, Jin RC. Co-inhibition of salinity and Ni(II) in the anammox-UASB reactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 669:70-82. [PMID: 30878942 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Both nickel and salinity are often detected in the environment. Especially electroplating wastewater contains some salt and nickel, which affects microbial activity in biological wastewater treatment process. In this study, the effects of sustaining addition of a high-concentration salinity and Ni(II) on the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process were examined. The results indicated that the anammox system had an acclimation ability to <0.2 mg L-1 Ni(II) and 20 g L-1 NaCl. After a recovery phase of approximately 70 days, the nitrogen removal efficiency and rate reached at 77.1% and 1.18 kg N m-3 d-1, respectively. The three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectra results showed that the introduction of NaCl and Ni(II) caused a substantial variation in the quantity and composition of the bound EPS in the surface of anammox granules. The present study is the first to document the long-term effect of co-existence of salinity and Ni(II) on the performance of the freshwater-derived anammox bacteria in the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor and to provide a reference for the stable operation of anammox bioreactors for the treatment of sulfonamide-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Gui-Feng Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
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Wang G, Wang Y, Liu L, Jin Y, Zhu N, Li X, Wang G, Chen G. Comprehensive assessment of microbial aggregation characteristics of activated sludge bioreactors using fuzzy clustering analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:296-303. [PMID: 30005402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding microbial aggregation dynamics in response to the often violent environmental fluctuations is important for activated sludge wastewater biotreatment practice, yet remains poorly understood. We investigated microbial aggregation process of an activated sludge reactor in response to various operating conditions of resource limitations, disinfectant and pH stresses, and quantified aggregation characteristics by employing a fuzzy clustering analysis (FCA) method. The results revealed that the FCA provided a means for comprehensive assessment of microbial aggregation dynamics of the bioreactor relying solely on simple parameter estimation. Proper disinfectant stress (of NaClO 1.00% or 2.00%) is a promising strategy to improve the comprehensive performance of microbial aggregation and sludge settleability. Nitrogen- (of C/N ratio > 40) and dissolved oxygen-limitations (of DO < 0.2 mg/L) had medium influence on the comprehensive performance of the activated sludge system, while little impacts for acidic and alkaline conditions. These quantitative estimations offer insights into the underlying bio-physicochemical processes of an activated sludge bioreactor in response to practical fluctuations that is often beyond typical assessment practice. In addition, it may represent a step towards uncoupling the complex biophysical interactions that is essential for optimized designing and proper engineering practice of biological wastewater treatment reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Water & Soil Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Water & Soil Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guowei Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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An H, Liu J, Li X, Yang Q, Wang D, Xie T, Zhao J, Xu Q, Chen F, Wang Y, Yi K, Sun J, Tao Z, Zeng G. The fate of cyanuric acid in biological wastewater treatment system and its impact on biological nutrient removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 206:901-909. [PMID: 29207303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanuric acid (CA) is widely used in living and production. It is a kind of environmental priority pollutants which exists chronically in soil and water, but is difficult to be chemically hydrolyzed or oxidized. The behavior of CA at different levels of 0, 0.01, 0.10 and 1.00 mg L-1 in biological wastewater treatment process was investigated in this paper. Experimental results showed that CA (0.01 and 0.10 mg L-1) was removed in biological wastewater treatment process, which was mainly achieved by biodegradation of particular species (Acidovorax and Pseudomonas) in the anaerobic condition. However, 1.00 mg L-1 CA was reluctant to be degraded in biological wastewater treatment system. With the CA level increase from 0 to 1.00 mg L-1, total nitrogen removal efficiency decreased from 97.23 to 74.72%. The presence of CA promoted both the synthesis and decomposition metabolisms of poly-hydroxyalkanoates and glycogen, thereby providing the advantage for phosphorus removal. CA could inhibit nitrification process because of inhibition to nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Moreover, the microbial community of activated sludge was changed by the exposure of CA. Polyphosphate accumulating organisms, such as Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Saccharibacteria increased, but the abundance of Nitrospirae was decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxue An
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Hunan Sanfang Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Changsha 410014, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Ting Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yali Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Kaixin Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ziletao Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
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Wang X, Zhao J, Yang Q, Sun J, Peng C, Chen F, Xu Q, Wang S, Wang D, Li X, Zeng G. Evaluating the potential impact of hydrochar on the production of short-chain fatty acid from sludge anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 246:234-241. [PMID: 28736144 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, waste activated sludge (WAS) was used as feedstock to generate hydrochars at different temperatures (220°C and 260°C) and their effect on sludge anaerobic digestion was evaluated. Experimental results showed that the maximum yield of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) enhanced by hydrochar (220°C) and hydrochar (260°C) were 507.33 and 270.80mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L respectively, which were much higher than that in blank (141.49mg COD/L). Mechanism investigation confirmed that hydrochar remarkably accelerated the solubilization and hydrolysis of organic matters, enhanced the acidification of hydrolyzed products, and inhibited the activity of methanogenic bacteria as well as promoted the activities of key enzymes. Meanwhile, the organic matters especially humic substances existed in the hydrochar played an important role during anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chuan Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shana Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
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Wang D, Fu Q, Xu Q, Liu Y, Hao Ngo H, Yang Q, Zeng G, Li X, Ni BJ. Free nitrous acid-based nitrifying sludge treatment in a two-sludge system enhances nutrient removal from low-carbon wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:920-928. [PMID: 28847081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new method to enhance nutrient removal from low carbon-wastewater was developed. The method consists of a two-sludge system (i.e., an anaerobic-anoxic-oxic reactor coupled to a nitrifying reactor (N-SBR)) and a nitrifying-sludge treatment unit using free nitrous acid (FNA). Initially, 65.1±2.9% in total nitrogen removal and 69.6±3.4% in phosphate removal were obtained without nitrite accumulation. When 1/16 of the nitrifying sludge was daily treated with FNA at 1.1mgN/L for 24h, ∼28.5% of nitrite was accumulated in the N-SBR, and total nitrogen and phosphate removal increased to 72.4±3.2% and 76.7±2.9%, respectively. About 67.8% of nitrite was accumulated at 1.9mgN/L FNA, resulting in 82.9±3.8% in total nitrogen removal and 87.9±3.5% in phosphate removal. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis showed that FNA treatment reduced the abundance of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), especially that of Nitrospira sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qizi Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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Di Capua F, Milone I, Lakaniemi AM, Hullebusch EDV, Lens PNL, Esposito G. Effects of different nickel species on autotrophic denitrification driven by thiosulfate in batch tests and a fluidized-bed reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 238:534-541. [PMID: 28475996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nickel is a common heavy metal and often occurs with nitrate (NO3-) in effluents from mining and metal-finishing industry. The present study investigates the effects of increasing concentrations (5-200mgNi/L) of NiEDTA2- and NiCl2 on autotrophic denitrification with thiosulfate (S2O32-) in batch tests and a fluidized-bed reactor (FBR). In batch bioassays, 50 and 100mgNi/L of NiEDTA2- only increased the transient accumulation of NO2-, whereas 25-100mgNi/L of NiCl2 inhibited denitrification by 9-19%. NO3- and NO2- were completely removed in the FBR at feed NiEDTA2- and NiCl2 concentrations as high as 100 and 200mgNi/L, respectively. PCR-DGGE revealed the dominance of Thiobacillus denitrificans and the presence of the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio putealis in the FBR microbial community at all feed nickel concentrations investigated. Nickel mass balance, thermodynamic modeling and solid phase characterization indicated that nickel sulfide, phosphate and oxide precipitated in the FBR during NiCl2 injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Capua
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy; Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Ivana Milone
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Aino-Maija Lakaniemi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Piet N L Lens
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Gaetano di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy
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