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Ahmad HA, Sun X, Wang Z, Ahmad S, El-Baz A, Lee T, Ni BJ, Ni SQ. Metagenomic unveils the promotion of mainstream PD-anammox process at lower nZVI concentration and inhibition at higher dosage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131168. [PMID: 39069143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The partial-denitrification-anammox (PdNA) process exhibits great potential in enabling the simultaneous removal of NO3--N and NH4+-N. This study delved into the impact of exogenous nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) on the PdNA process. Adding 10 mg L-1 of nZVI increased nitrogen removal efficiency up to 83.12 % and maintained higher relative abundances of certain beneficial bacteria. The maximum relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia (1.6 %), Candidatus Kuenenia (1.5 %), Ignavibacterium (1.3 %), and Azospira (1.2 %) was observed at 10 mg L-1 of nZVI. However, the greatest relative abundance of Thauera (1.3 %) was recorded under 50 mg L-1. Moreover, applying nZVI selectively enhanced the abundance of NO3--N reductase genes. So, keeping the nZVI concentration at 10 mg L-1 or below is advisable to ensure a stable PdNA process in mainstream conditions. Considering nitrogen removal efficiency, using nZVI in the PD-anammox process could be more cost-effective in enhancing its adoption in industrial and mainstream settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Adeel Ahmad
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Amro El-Baz
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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2
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Chang Y, Meng J, Hu Y, Qi S, Hu Z, Wu G, Zhou J, Zhan X. Unacclimated activated sludge improved nitrate reduction and N 2 selectivity in iron filling/biochar systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174581. [PMID: 38981552 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Iron (Fe)-based denitrification is a proven technology for removing nitrate from water, yet challenges such as limited pH preference range and low N2 selectivity (reduction of nitrate to N2) persist. Adding biochar (BC) can improve the pH preference range but not N2 selectivity. This study aimed to improve nitrate reduction and N2 selectivity in iron filling/biochar (Fe/BC) systems with a simplified approach by coupling unacclimated microbes (M) in the system. Factors such as initial pH, Fe/BC ratio, and Fe/BC dosage on nitrate removal efficiency and N2 selectivity were evaluated. Results show that the introduction of microbes significantly enhanced nitrate removal and N2 selectivity, achieving 100 % nitrate removal and 79 % N2 selectivity. The Fe/BC/M system exhibited efficient nitrate reduction at pH of 2-10. Moreover, the Fe/BC/M system demonstrated an improved electrochemical active surface area (ECSA), lower electron transfer resistance and lower corrosion potential, leading to enhanced nitrate reduction. The high i0 value in Fe/BC/M system means more Hads could be generated, thus improving the N2 selectivity. This study provides valuable insights into a novel approach for effective nitrate removal, offering a potential solution to the environmental challenges posed by excessive nitrate in wastewater, surface water and ground water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Chang
- Civil Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; SFI MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Jizhong Meng
- Civil Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; SFI MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Yuansheng Hu
- UCD Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shasha Qi
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Jinhong Zhou
- College of Geography and Environment, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; SFI MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland.
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3
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Sun J, Shi S, Zheng J, Zheng X, Xu X, Liu K, Wei P, Chen Q, Liu F, Zhao C, Zhang X. An immobilized composite microbial material combined with slow release agents enhances oil-contaminated groundwater remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170762. [PMID: 38340862 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Microbial remediation of oil-contaminated groundwater is often limited by the low temperature and lack of nutrients in the groundwater environment, resulting in low degradation efficiency and a short duration of effectiveness. In order to overcome this problem, an immobilized composite microbial material and two types of slow release agents (SRA) were creatively prepared. Three oil-degrading bacteria, Serratia marcescens X, Serratia sp. BZ-L I1 and Klebsiella pneumoniae M3, were isolated from oil-contaminated groundwater, enriched and compounded, after which the biodegradation rate of the Venezuelan crude oil and diesel in groundwater at 15 °C reached 63 % and 79 %, respectively. The composite microbial agent was immobilized on a mixed material of silver nitrate-modified zeolite and activated carbon with a mass ratio of 1:5, which achieved excellent oil adsorption and water permeability performance. The slow release processes of spherical and tablet SRAs (SSRA, TSRA) all fit well with the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model, and the nitrogen release mechanism of SSRA N2 followed Fick's law of diffusion. The highest oil removal rates by the immobilized microbial material combined with SSRA N2 and oxygen SRA reached 94.9 % (sand column experiment) and 75.1 % (sand tank experiment) during the 45 days of remediation. Moreover, the addition of SRAs promoted the growth of oil-degrading bacteria based on microbial community analysis. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of using immobilized microbial material combined with SRAs to achieve a high efficiency and long-term microbial remediation of oil contaminated shallow groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shuangxin Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Kaiwen Liu
- Jianghan Machinery Research Institute Limited Co. of CNPC, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pengshuo Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Qiuying Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiuxia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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4
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Atakpa EO, Yan B, Okon SU, Liu Q, Zhang D, Zhang C. Asynchronous application of modified biochar and exogenous fungus Scedosporium sp. ZYY for enhanced degradation of oil-contaminated intertidal mudflat sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20637-20650. [PMID: 38383925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Intertidal mudflats are susceptible to oil pollution due to their proximity to discharges from industries, accidental spills from marine shipping activities, oil drilling, pipeline seepages, and river outflows. The experimental study was divided into two periods. In the first period, microcosm trials were carried out to examine the effect of chemically modified biochar on biological hydrocarbon removal from sediments. The modified biochar's surface area increased from 2.544 to 25.378 m2/g, followed by a corresponding increase in the hydrogen-carbon and oxygen-carbon ratio, indicating improved stability and polarity. In the second period, the effect of exogenous fungus - Scedoporium sp. ZYY on the bacterial community structure was examined in relation to total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal. The maximum TPH removal efficiency of 82.4% was achieved in treatments with the modified biochar, followed by a corresponding increase in Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis activity. Furthermore, high-throughput 16S RNA gene sequencing employed to identify changes in the bacterial community of the original sediment and treatments before and after fungal inoculation revealed Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum. In addition, it was observed that Scedoporium sp. ZYY promoted the proliferation of specific TPH-degraders, particularly, Hyphomonas adhaerens which accounted for 77% of the total degrading populations in treatments where TPH removal was highest. Findings in this study provide valuable insights into the effect of modified biochar and the fundamental role of exogenous fungus towards the effective degradation of oil-contaminated intertidal mudflat sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edidiong Okokon Atakpa
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bozhi Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Samuel Ukpong Okon
- Institute of Port, Coastal, and Offshore Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
- Suzhou Industrial Technological Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Shao W, Qian Y, Zhai X, Xu L, Guo H, Zhang M, Qiao W. Mechanisms of nanoscale zero-valent iron mediating aerobic denitrification in Pseudomonas stutzeri by promoting electron transfer and gene expression. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130202. [PMID: 38092073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic denitrification and its mechanism by P. stutzeri was investigated in the presence of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI). The removal of nitrate and ammonia was accelerated and the nitrite nitrogen accumulation was reduced by nZVI. The particle size and dosage of nZVI were key factors for enhancing aerobic denitrification. nZVI reduced the negative effects of low carbon/nitrogen, heavy metals, surfactants and salts to aerobic denitrification. nZVI and its dissolved irons were adsorbed into the bacteria cells, enhancing the transfer of electrons from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to nitrate reductase. Moreover, the activities of NADH-ubiquinone reductase involved in the respiratory system, and the denitrifying enzymes were increased. The expression of denitrifying enzyme genes napA and nirS, as well as the iron metabolism gene fur, were promoted in the presence of nZVI. This work provides a strategy for enhancing the biological denitrification of wastewater using the bio-stimulation of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Shao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lijie Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - He Guo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weichuan Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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6
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Xia J, Li Y, Jiang X, Chen D, Shen J. The humic substance analogue antraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (AQDS) enhanced zero-valent iron based autotrophic denitrification: Performances and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117241. [PMID: 37778602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron based autotrophic denitrification (ZVI-AD) has attracted increasing attentions in nitrate removal due to saving organic carbon budget in wastewater treatment, but limited by the low reaction speed, poor electron transfer efficiency as well as the compaction/blocking by iron hydrolysis products. Humic substances (HS) were promising to regulate iron cycle and accelerate electron transfer by serving as electron mediators. In this study, HS analogue, antraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate (AQDS), was added to enhance ZVI-AD process. Results showed that the dosage of AQDS led to a NO3--N removal efficiency of 83.37 ± 3.98% within 96 h, which was 32.28 ± 1.25% higher than that in ZVI-AD system. The corrosion of ZVI and microbially nitrate reduction were both improved at the presence of AQDS. The addition of AQDS enriched the functional species, including autotrophic denitrobacteria namely Thauera and Hydrogenophaga, iron redox-related species namely Ferruginibacter and HS respiration related species namely Flavobacterium. The genes napA and napB related to electron transfer, nirK and nosZ related to the accumulation of intermediate products were also enriched by the addition of AQDS. AQDS addition boosted the electrons flowing to both abiotic and biotic nitrate reduction. Nitrate removal mechanism involved in ZVI-AQDS coupled system was proposed. This study provided an alternative strategy for improving ZVI-AD by HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaohui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Xinbai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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7
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Luo H, Li S, Wu Z, Liu Y, Luo W, Li W, Zhang D, Chen J, Yang J. Modulating the Active Hydrogen Adsorption on Fe─N Interface for Boosted Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction with Ultra-Long Stability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304695. [PMID: 37488087 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (NO3 - ) to nitrogen (N2 ) is an environmentally friendly approach for efficient N-cycle management (toward a nitrogen-neutral cycle). However, poor catalyst durability and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction significantly impede its practical application. Interface-chemistry engineering, utilizing the close relationship between the catalyst surface/interface microenvironment and electron/proton transfer process, has facilitated the development of catalysts with high intrinsic activity and physicochemical durability. This study reports the synthesis of a nitrogen-doped carbon-coated rice-like iron nitride (RL-Fe2 N@NC) electrocatalyst with excellent electrocatalytic nitrate-reduction reaction activity (high N2 selectivity (≈96%) and NO3 - conversion (≈86%)). According to detailed mechanistic investigations by in situ tests and theoretical calculations, the strong hydrogenation ability of iron nitride and enhanced nitrate enrichment of the system synergistically contribute to the rapid hydrogenation of nitrogen-containing species, increasing the intrinsic activity of the catalyst and reducing the occurrence of the competing hydrogen-evolution side reaction. Moreover, RL-Fe2 N@NC shows excellent stability, retaining good NO3 - -to-N2 electrocatalysis activity for more than 40 cycles (one cycle per day). This paper could guide the interfacial design of Fe-based composite nanostructures for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction, facilitating a shift toward nitrogen neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shuangjun Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Ziyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environmental, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dieqing Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Benekos AK, Vasiliadou IA, Tekerlekopoulou AG, Alexandropoulou M, Pavlou S, Katsaounis A, Vayenas DV. Groundwater denitrification using a continuous flow mode hybrid system combining a hydrogenotrophic biofilter and an electrooxidation cell. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117914. [PMID: 37086640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An attached-growth continuous flow hydrogenotrophic denitrification system was investigated for groundwater treatment. Two bench-scale packed-bed reactors were used in series, without external pH adjustment or carbon source addition, while inorganic carbonate salts already contained in the groundwater were the sole carbon source used by the denitrifying bacteria. The hydrogen was produced by water electrolysis using renewable energy sources thus minimizing resource-draining factors of the treatment process. The biofilter was subjected to a combination of three groundwater retention times (13.5, 27 and 54 min, corresponding to 20, 10 and 5 mL min-1 inlet water flow rates) and two hydrogen flow values (10 and 20 mL min-1) to evaluate its efficiency under different operating parameters. In all cases, significant nitrate percentage removals were achieved, ranged between 64.1% and 100%. The treatment process appears to slow down with lower retention times and H2 flow rate values, although residual nitrate concentrations were always in the range of 0-5.1 mg L-1, values below the maximum permitted limit of 11.3 mg L-1. In cases where nitrite accumulation was detected, a continuous flow electrochemical oxidation process with three different current density values (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mA cm-2) was examined as a post-treatment step aiming to completely remove the toxic nitrite anions. Finally, an advanced mathematical model of the attached growth hydrogenotrophic denitrification process was developed to predict concentrations of all the substrates examined in the bio-filter (nitrate, nitrite, inorganic carbon and hydrogen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K Benekos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna A Vasiliadou
- Department of Civil Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, GR-67100, Xanthi, Greece.
| | | | - Maria Alexandropoulou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Pavlou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandros Katsaounis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris V Vayenas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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9
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Schommer VA, Vanin AP, Nazari MT, Ferrari V, Dettmer A, Colla LM, Piccin JS. Biochar-immobilized Bacillus spp. for heavy metals bioremediation: A review on immobilization techniques, bioremediation mechanisms and effects on soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163385. [PMID: 37054796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination present risks to ecosystems and human health. Bioremediation is a technology that has been applied to minimize the levels of heavy metals contamination. However, the efficiency of this process varies according to several biotic and abiotic aspects, especially in environments with high concentrations of heavy metals. Therefore, microorganisms immobilization in different materials, such as biochar, emerges as an alternative to alleviate the stress that heavy metals have on microorganisms and thus improve the bioremediation efficiency. In this context, this review aimed to compile recent advances in the use of biochar as a carrier of bacteria, specifically Bacillus spp., with subsequent application for the bioremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals. We present three different techniques to immobilize Bacillus spp. on biochar. Bacillus strains are capable of reducing the toxicity and bioavailability of metals, while biochar is a material that serves as a shelter for microorganisms and also contributes to bioremediation through the adsorption of contaminants. Thus, there is a synergistic effect between Bacillus spp. and biochar for the heavy metals bioremediation. Biomineralization, biosorption, bioreduction, bioaccumulation and adsorption are the mechanisms involved in this process. The application of biochar-immobilized Bacillus strains results in beneficial effects on the contaminated soil, such as the reduction of toxicity and accumulation of metals in plants, favoring their growth, in addition to increasing microbial and enzymatic activity in soil. However, competition and reduction of microbial diversity and the toxic characteristics of biochar are reported as negative impacts of this strategy. More studies using this emerging technology are essential to improve its efficiency, to elucidate the mechanisms and to balance positive and negative impacts, especially at the field scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Analise Schommer
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Vanin
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus Torres Nazari
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Valdecir Ferrari
- Graduate Program in Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (PPGE3M), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Dettmer
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Colla
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jeferson Steffanello Piccin
- Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering (PPGEng), University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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10
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Luo Q, Chen D, Cui T, Duan R, Wen Y, Deng F, Li L, Wang H, Zhang Y, Xu R. Selenite elimination via zero-valent iron modified biochar synthesized from tobacco straw and copper slag: Mechanisms and agro-industrial practicality. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1054801. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1054801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cost-effectively improving the performance of biochar is essential for its large-scale practical application. In this work, the agro-industrial by-products copper slag and tobacco straw were employed for the preparation of modified biochar (CSBC). The obtained CSBC exhibited satisfactory capacity on Se(IV) immobilization of 190.53 mg/g, with surface interactions determined by the monolayer and mainly chemisorption. The removal mechanisms included chemical reduction, electrostatic attraction, co-precipitation, and formation of complexations. Interestingly, the existence of Cu2Se structure after adsorption indicated the involvement of Cu species within Se(IV) elimination. Moreover, the industrial agricultural practicality of CSBC was evaluated by regeneration tests, economic assessment, and pot experiments. The results demonstrate that iron species-modified biochar prepared from two agro-industrial by-products is a promising and feasible candidate for selenite removal from wastewater.
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Italiya G, Subramanian S. Role of emerging chitosan and zeolite-modified adsorbents in the removal of nitrate and phosphate from an aqueous medium: A comprehensive perspective. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:2658-2684. [PMID: 36450679 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to industrialization and population growth, freshwater supplies are diminishing and becoming impure with high organic pollutant concentrations such as nitrate and phosphate, which shows a high adverse impact on aquatic and human lives. In drinking water sources, particularly groundwater, nitrate is considered as one of the major pollutants which causes methemoglobinemia (in newborn infants), carcinogenic activities and diabetes. Excess concentration of phosphate leads to eutrophication and death of aquatic species due to reduced dissolved oxygen content. Therefore, all countries must implement highly effective technologies for treating wastewater. Chitosan and zeolite are naturally occurring and cost-effective adsorbent materials with a higher surface area that exhibit greater nitrate and phosphate adsorption. Surface modification of chitosan and zeolite increases the adsorption capacity of adsorbents for the removal of both anions selectively. This paper reviews the current development of modified chitosan and zeolite adsorbents for anion adsorption, with an emphasis on modification by zero and multivalent metals and metal oxides, different surfactants, biomass-derived carbon, and natural and synthetic polymers. Multiple adsorption parameters, optimum adsorption condition, adsorption mechanism, regeneration study, research gap and future aspects have been explained for further research work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Italiya
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, 632014 E-mail:
| | - Sangeetha Subramanian
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, 632014 E-mail:
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Wang J, Huang JJ, Zhou Y, Liao Y, Li S, Zhang B, Feng S. Synchronous N and P Removal in Carbon-Coated Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Autotrophic Denitrification─The Synergy of the Carbon Shell and P Removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13314-13326. [PMID: 36041071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fe0 is a promising electron donor for autotrophic denitrification in the simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphorus in low C/N wastewater. However, P removal may inevitably inhibit bio-denitrification. It has not been well recognized and led to an overdose of iron materials. This study employed carbon-coated zerovalent iron (Fe0@C) to support autotrophic denitrification to mitigate the inhibition effects of P removal and enhance both N and P removal. The critical role of the carbon shell in Fe0@C was to block the direct contact between Fe0 and P and NO3--N, to maintain the Fe0 activity. Besides, P inhibited the chemical reduction of NO3--N by competing for Fe0 active sites. This indirectly boosted H2 generation and promoted bio-denitrification. P removal displayed negligible effects on microbial species but indirectly enhanced the nitrogen metabolic activities because of promoted H2 in Fe0@C-based autotrophic denitrification. Bio-denitrification, in turn, strengthened Fe-P co-precipitation by promoting the formation of ferric hydroxide as a secondary adsorbent for P removal. This study demonstrated an efficient method for simultaneous N and P removal in autotrophic denitrification and revealed the synergistic interactions among N and P removal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshu Wang
- Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center on Water and Environmental Safety/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Jeanne Huang
- Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center on Water and Environmental Safety/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuan Liao
- Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center on Water and Environmental Safety/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Song Li
- Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center on Water and Environmental Safety/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Beichen Zhang
- Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center on Water and Environmental Safety/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Shiteng Feng
- Sino-Canadian Joint R&D Center on Water and Environmental Safety/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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