1
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Geesi MH, Riadi Y, Kaiba A, Ibnouf EO, Anouar EH, Dehbi O, Lazar S, Guionneau P. Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, crystal structure, Hirschfeld surface analysis and docking studies of 4-[2-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-acetylamino]-benzenesulfonic acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Ganga M, Kalaivanan C, Sankaran KR. Synthesis, SC-XRD, DFT Investigation and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of 1-Neopentyl-2,4,5-Triphenyl-1H-Imidazole Derivatives. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2038217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ganga
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C. Kalaivanan
- Department of Chemistry, K. Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. R. Sankaran
- Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Pandya KM, Patel JJ, Patel AH, Patel NB, Desai PS. Substituted Imidazole-Pyrazole Clubbed Scaffolds: Microwave Assisted Synthesis and Examined Their In-vitro Antimicrobial and Antituberculosis Effects. LETT ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178617999200819164729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted imidazole-pyrazole fused compounds were designed & fused
synthesized by employing Debus-Radziszewski one-pot synthesis reaction. Azoles are an extensive
and comparatively new class of synthetic compounds including imidazoles and pyrazoles. The
current clinical treatment uses compounds of azole framework. Azoles act by inhibiting ergosterol
synthesis pathway (a principal component of the fungal cell wall). In addition, a literature review
shows that the compounds that include imidazoles and pyrazoles have significant anti-bacterial and
anti-mycobacterial effects. In light of the above findings, a series of compounds with imidazole
and pyrazole scaffolds were sketched and developed to examine anti-bacterial, antifungal and antimycobacterial
activities. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized using
<sup>1</sup>HNMR, <sup>13</sup>CNMR, elemental analysis, and MS spectral data. The target compounds were screened
for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species
by disc diffusion method according to the NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory
Standards) and anti-mycobacterial activity against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain.
The results revealed that imidazole-pyrazole fused scaffold compounds have potential antibacterial,
antifungal and anti-mycobacterial activities which can be further optimized to get a lead
compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyur M. Pandya
- Department of Chemistry, Arts, Science and Commerce College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat - 394185, Gujarat,India
| | - Janki J. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat- 395007, Gujarat,India
| | - Arpan H. Patel
- Department of Clinical Development, Immunocore LLC, 181 Washington Street, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428,United States
| | - Navin B. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat- 395007, Gujarat,India
| | - Piyush. S. Desai
- Department of Chemistry, Arts, Science and Commerce College, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat - 394185, Gujarat,India
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4
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Farooq S, Haq IU, Ullah N. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of N-Mannich base derivatives of 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline as potential antioxidants, enzyme inhibitors, antimicrobials, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory agents. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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5
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Rossi R, Ciofalo M. An Updated Review on the Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Molecular Hybrids and Conjugates Bearing Imidazole Moiety. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215133. [PMID: 33158247 PMCID: PMC7663458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of serious infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, especially the nosocomial ESKAPE pathogens, has been acknowledged by Governments and scientists and is one of the world's major health problems. Various strategies have been and are currently investigated and developed to reduce and/or delay the bacterial resistance. One of these strategies regards the design and development of antimicrobial hybrids and conjugates. This unprecedented critical review, in which our continuing interest in the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of imidazole derivatives is testified, aims to summarise and comment on the results obtained from the end of the 1900s until February 2020 in studies conducted by numerous international research groups on the synthesis and evaluation of the antibacterial properties of imidazole-based molecular hybrids and conjugates in which the pharmacophoric constituents of these compounds are directly covalently linked or connected through a linker or spacer. In this review, significant attention was paid to summarise the strategies used to overcome the antibiotic resistance of pathogens whose infections are difficult to treat with conventional antibiotics. However, it does not include literature data on the synthesis and evaluation of the bioactivity of hybrids and conjugates in which an imidazole moiety is fused with a carbo- or heterocyclic subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi, 3, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Maurizio Ciofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (M.C.)
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6
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Gaikwad DD, Pawar UD, Chavan SL, Pawar CD, Pansare DN, Shelke RN, Chavan SL, Zine AM. Synthesis and anti‐proliferative activity studies of 2‐(2‐(trifluoromethyl)‐6‐(substituted)imidazo[1,2‐
b
]pyridazin‐3‐yl)‐
N
‐(substituted)acetamide derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Umakant D. Pawar
- Department of ChemistryRegional Forensic Science Laboratories Aurangabad Maharashtra India
| | | | - Chandrakant D. Pawar
- Department of Chemical TechnologyDr. Babasahaeb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad Maharashtra India
| | | | - Rohini N. Shelke
- Department of ChemistryDeogiri College Aurangabad Maharashtra India
| | - Santosh L. Chavan
- Department of ChemistryMaharashtra Pollution Control Board Aurangabad Maharashtra India
| | - Ashok M. Zine
- Department of ChemistryVinayakrao Patil College Vaijapur Maharashtra India
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7
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Zampieri D, Cateni F, Moneghini M, Zacchigna M, Laurini E, Marson D, De Logu A, Sanna A, Mamolo MG. Imidazole and 1,2,4-Triazole-based Derivatives Gifted with Antitubercular Activity: Cytotoxicity and Computational Assessment. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:620-632. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190227183826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative pathogen of Tuberculosis (TB) and outbreaks are more common among immunosuppressed persons infected with HIV. The current treatment regimens are lengthy and toxic, yet the therapy has remained unchanged for many decades, so there is a need to find new structures with selective mechanism of action. Moreover, the increased incidence of severe disseminated infections produced by undiagnosed Multidrug-resistant (MDR), worsen clinical treatment and contribute the spread of the disease.Objective:The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential of imidazole and triazole moieties for antimycobacterial activity, by synthesizing some 1-(1-(aryl)-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)hydrazono)ethyl- 1H-imidazole and 1H-1,2,4-triazole derivatives 2a-l.Methods:The title compounds were obtained via classical organic synthesis. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the method of microdilution and the cytotoxicity assay was performed by MTT method.Results:The results indicated that the presence of both the imidazole ring and that of the 2,6- dichlorosubstituted phenyl moiety, is more relevant for inhibitory activity against Mtb than the triazole nucleus and the unsubstituted phenyl ring. Among the series, (E)-1-(2-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-2-(2- (2,6-dichlorophenyl)hydrazono)ethyl)-1H-imidazole derivative 2f and (Z)-1-(2-([1,1’-biphenyl]-4-yl)- 2-(2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)hydrazono)ethyl]-1H-imidazole derivatives 2e exhibited a promising antimycobacterial property and the latter also displayed a safe cytotoxic profile.Conclusion:The synthesized compounds were studied for their antitubercular activity. Among the series, the compounds 2e and 2f appeared to be the most promising agents and, according to the docking assessment, the compounds could be CYP51 inhibitors. These evidences could be useful for the future development of new antimycobacterial derivatives targeting CYP51 with more specificity for the mycobacterial cell enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Cateni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariarosa Moneghini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marina Zacchigna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, Via Valerio,10, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Domenico Marson
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, Via Valerio,10, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Logu
- Department of Life and Enviromental Sciences, Via Porcell, 4, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Adriana Sanna
- Department of Life and Enviromental Sciences, Via Porcell, 4, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria G. Mamolo
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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8
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Ismael M, Abdou A, Abdel-Mawgoud AM. Synthesis, Characterization, Modeling, and Antimicrobial Activity of FeIII, CoII, NiII, CuII, and ZnIIComplexes Based on Tri-substituted Imidazole Ligand. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ismael
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Sohag University; Sohag 82524 Egypt
| | - Aly Abdou
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Sohag University; Sohag 82524 Egypt
| | - A.-M. Abdel-Mawgoud
- Chemistry Department; Faculty of Science; Sohag University; Sohag 82524 Egypt
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9
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Somagond SM, Kamble RR, Shaikh SKJ, Bayannavar PK, Joshi SD. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Novel Symmetric Bis-1,2,4-triazolin-3-ones as Potent Inhibitors of CYP51: An Antifungal Activity Study. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa M. Somagond
- Department of Studies in Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad - 580003, Karnataka India
| | - Ravindra R. Kamble
- Department of Studies in Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad - 580003, Karnataka India
| | - Saba Kauser J. Shaikh
- Department of Studies in Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad - 580003, Karnataka India
| | - Praveen K. Bayannavar
- Department of Studies in Chemistry; Karnatak University; Dharwad - 580003, Karnataka India
| | - Shrinivas D. Joshi
- Novel Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, S.E.T.'s College of Pharmacy, Sangolli Rayanna Nagar; Dharwad 580002, Karnataka India
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10
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Fan YL, Jin XH, Huang ZP, Yu HF, Zeng ZG, Gao T, Feng LS. Recent advances of imidazole-containing derivatives as anti-tubercular agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:347-365. [PMID: 29544148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis still remains one of the most common, communicable, and leading deadliest diseases known to mankind throughout the world. Drug-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis which threatens to worsen the global tuberculosis epidemic has caused great concern in recent years. To overcome the resistance, the development of new drugs with novel mechanisms of actions is of great importance. Imidazole-containing derivatives endow with various biological properties, and some of them demonstrated excellent anti-tubercular activity. As the most emblematic example, 4-nitroimidazole delamanid has already received approval for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis infected patients. Thus, imidazole-containing derivatives have caused great interests in discovery of new anti-tubercular agents. Numerous of imidazole-containing derivatives were synthesized and screened for their in vitro and in vivo anti-mycobacterial activities against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogens. This review aims to outline the recent advances of imidazole-containing derivatives as anti-tubercular agents, and summarize the structure-activity relationship of these derivatives. The enriched structure-activity relationship may pave the way for the further rational development of imidazole-containing derivatives as anti-tubercular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hong Jin
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Zhong-Ping Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Hai-Feng Yu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zeng
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Tao Gao
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China.
| | - Lian-Shun Feng
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
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11
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Design and synthesis of coumarin–imidazole hybrid and phenyl-imidazoloacrylates as potent antimicrobial and antiinflammatory agents. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Potential drug targets in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cytochrome P450 system. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 180:235-245. [PMID: 29352597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome encodes twenty cytochrome P450 enzymes, most or all of which appear to have specific physiological functions rather than being devoted to the removal of xenobiotics. However, in many cases their specific functions remain obscure. Considerable spectroscopic, biophysical, crystallographic, and catalytic information is available on nine of these cytochrome P450 enzymes, although gaps exist in our knowledge of even these enzymes. The available evidence indicates that at least three of the better-characterized enzymes are promising targets for antituberculosis drug discovery. This review summarizes the information on the nine relatively well-characterized cytochrome P450 enzymes, with a particular emphasis on CYP121, CYP125, and CYP142 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis.
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13
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Huang L, Zhang Z, Jie K, Wang Y, Fu Z, Guo S, Cai H. Nucleophile-controlled mono- and bis-phosphonation of amino-2-en-1-ones via catalyst-free C(sp3)–N bond cleavage. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00975a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective mono- and bis-phosphonation of amino-2-en-1-ones without a catalyst is developed. The selectivity is controlled by the nucleophilicity of the phosphorus sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Zhebin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Kun Jie
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Zhengjiang Fu
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Shengmei Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
| | - Hu Cai
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- P. R. China
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14
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Synthesis, antioxidant, and antiviral properties of pyrimidinylsulfamoyl azolyl acetamides. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1956-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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15
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Rajaraman D, Sundararajan G, Loganath N, Krishnasamy K. Synthesis, molecular structure, DFT studies and antimicrobial activities of some novel 3-(1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1H-indole derivatives and its molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Heravi MM, Daraie M, Zadsirjan V. Current advances in the synthesis and biological potencies of tri- and tetra-substituted 1H-imidazoles. Mol Divers 2015; 19:577-623. [PMID: 25863807 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-015-9590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we review the current chemistry progress and in particular the synthesis approaches of tri- and tetra-substituted imidazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, Iran,
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17
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CAN catalyzed one-pot synthesis and docking study of some novel substituted imidazole coupled 1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxylic acids as antifungal agents. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Ribeiro AI, Gabriel C, Cerqueira F, Maia M, Pinto E, Sousa JC, Medeiros R, Proença MF, Dias AM. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamidrazones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4699-4702. [PMID: 25193230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A mild and simple method was developed to prepare a series of fifteen 5-aminoimidazole 4-carboxamidrazones, starting from the easily accessible 5-amino-4-cyanoformimidoyl imidazoles. The antimicrobial activity of these novel amidrazones was screened against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and Candida sp. (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis). Only a subset of compounds displayed fair-moderate activity against S. aureus and E. coli but all exhibited activity against Candida sp. The three most potent antifungal compounds were further tested against Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus and three dermatophytes (Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum). These three hit compounds strongly inhibited C. krusei and C. neoformans growth, although their activity on filamentous fungi was very weak when compared to the activity on yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Ribeiro
- Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carla Gabriel
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Cerqueira
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; CEQUIMED/Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marta Maia
- CEQUIMED/Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- CEQUIMED/Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Sousa
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal; Molecular Oncology GRP and Molecular Biology Laboratory-Virology Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology (IPO), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Fernanda Proença
- Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Alice M Dias
- Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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19
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Bluhm U, Boucher JL, Clement B, Girreser U, Heber D, Ramassamy B, Wolschendorf U. Synthesis, Characterization and NO Synthase Inhibition Testing of 2-Aryl-5-aroyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidinium Chlorides. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ullvi Bluhm
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Gutenbergstraße 76 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Boucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601; University Paris Descartes; 45 Rue des Saints-Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06 France
| | - Bernd Clement
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Gutenbergstraße 76 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Ulrich Girreser
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Gutenbergstraße 76 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Dieter Heber
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Gutenbergstraße 76 D-24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Booma Ramassamy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601; University Paris Descartes; 45 Rue des Saints-Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06 France
| | - Ulrich Wolschendorf
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Gutenbergstraße 76 D-24118 Kiel Germany
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20
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Weber F, Brune S, Korpis K, Bednarski PJ, Laurini E, Dal Col V, Pricl S, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis, Pharmacological Evaluation, and σ1 Receptor Interaction Analysis of Hydroxyethyl Substituted Piperazines. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2884-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401707t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Weber
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Brune
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Korpis
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Greifswald, F.-L.-Jahn-Straße 17, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick J. Bednarski
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Greifswald, F.-L.-Jahn-Straße 17, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular
Simulations Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Engineering
and Architecture (DEA), University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Dal Col
- Molecular
Simulations Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Engineering
and Architecture (DEA), University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular
Simulations Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, Department of Engineering
and Architecture (DEA), University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- National
Interuniversity Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM),
Research Unit MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6, 32127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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New 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde S-ethylisothiosemicarbazone and its mixed-ligand Cu(II) complex with imidazole: synthesis, characterization and DFT calculation. OPEN CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-013-0313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA new Schiff base ligand of 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde S-ethyl-isothiosemicarbazone (H2L) was synthesized and its mixed-ligand Cu(II) complex was also prepared by reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with H2L and imidazole. Their structures were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, molar conductivity and UV-Vis methods. The analytical data suggest that the metal, H2L and imidazole ratios in the Schiff base complex are 1:1:1. Single crystal diffraction was also used to better understand the molecular structure of the Cu(II) complex. The results of physico-chemical analyses of the Schiff base complex reveal the coordination geometry around the central atom is square planar. The H2L ligand (NNO donor) is coordinated to the metal center as a tridentate bionegatively agent. Another position of the square planar geometry is occupied by the imidazole ligand. Furthermore, computational studies of the new complex were performed by carrying out DFT calculations. Geometry optimization and natural band analysis of the complex is discussed in further detail.
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Attia MI, Radwan AA, Zakaria AS, Almutairi MS, Ghoneim SW. 1-Aryl-3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propan-1-ol esters: synthesis, anti-Candida potential and molecular modeling studies. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:168. [PMID: 24156656 PMCID: PMC3819650 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increased incidence of fungal infections, both invasive and superficial, has been witnessed over the last two decades. Candida species seem to be the main etiology of nosocomial fungal infections worldwide with Candida albicans, which is commensal in healthy individuals, accounting for the majority of invasive Candida infections with about 30-40% of mortality. RESULTS New aromatic and heterocyclic esters 5a-k of 1-aryl-3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propan-1-ols 4a-d were successfully synthesized and evaluated for their anti-Candida potential. Compound 5a emerged as the most active congener among the newly synthesized compounds 5a-k with MIC value of 0.0833 μmol/mL as compared with fluconazole (MIC value >1.6325 μmol/mL). Additionally, molecular modeling studies were conducted on a set of anti-Candida albicans compounds. CONCLUSION The newly synthesized esters 5a-k showed more potent anti-Candida activities than fluconazole. Compounds 7 and 8 revealed significant anti-Candida albicans activity and were able to effectively satisfy the proposed pharmacophore geometry, using the energy accessible conformers (Econf < 20 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P,O, Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Kim HS, Jadhav JR, Jung SJ, Kwak JH. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of imidazole and pyridine appended cholestane-based conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4315-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Rossi D, Pedrali A, Gaggeri R, Marra A, Pignataro L, Laurini E, Dal Col V, Fermeglia M, Pricl S, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Peviani M, Curti D, Collina S. Chemical, Pharmacological, and in vitro Metabolic Stability Studies on Enantiomerically Pure RC‐33 Compounds: Promising Neuroprotective Agents Acting as σ
1
Receptor Agonists. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:1514-27. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Alice Pedrali
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Raffaella Gaggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Annamaria Marra
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM) del CNR, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan (Italy)
| | - Erik Laurini
- MOSE‐DEA, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste (Italy)
| | - Valentina Dal Col
- MOSE‐DEA, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste (Italy)
| | | | - Sabrina Pricl
- MOSE‐DEA, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 10, 34127 Trieste (Italy)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Material Science and Technology (INSTM), Research Unit MOSE‐DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste (Italy)
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Muenster, Correnstrasse 48, 48149 Münster (Germany)
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Muenster, Correnstrasse 48, 48149 Münster (Germany)
| | - Marco Peviani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropharmacology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Daniela Curti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropharmacology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia (Italy)
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Rossi D, Marra A, Picconi P, Serra M, Catenacci L, Sorrenti M, Laurini E, Fermeglia M, Pricl S, Brambilla S, Almirante N, Peviani M, Curti D, Collina S. Identification of RC-33 as a potent and selective σ1 receptor agonist potentiating NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Part 2: g-scale synthesis, physicochemical characterization and in vitro metabolic stability. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2577-86. [PMID: 23498917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Strong pharmacological evidences indicate that σ1 receptors are implicated in the pathophysiology of all major CNS disorders. In the last years our research group has conducted extensive studies aimed at discovering novel σ1 ligands and we recently selected (R/S)-RC-33 as a novel potent and selective σ1 receptor agonist. As continuation of our work in this field, here we report our efforts in the development of this new σ1 receptor agonist. Initially, we investigated the binding of (R) and (S) enantiomers of RC-33 to the σ1 receptor by in silico experiments. The close values of the predicted affinity of (R)-RC-33 and (S)-RC-33 for the protein evidenced the non-stereoselective binding of RC-33 to the σ1 receptor; this, in turn, supported further development and characterization of RC-33 in its racemic form. Subsequently, we set-up a scaled-up, optimized synthesis of (R/S)-RC-33 along with some compound characterization data (e.g., solubility in different media and solid state characterization by thermal analysis techniques). Finally, metabolic studies of RC-33 in different biological matrices (e.g., plasma, blood, and hepatic S9 fraction) of different species (e.g., rat, mouse, dog, and human) were performed. (R/S)-RC-33 is generally stable in all examined biological matrices, with the only exception of rat and human liver S9 fractions in the presence of NADPH. In such conditions, the compound is subjected to a relevant oxidative metabolism, with a degradation of approximately 65% in rat and 69% in human. Taken together, our results demonstrated that (R/S)-RC-33 is a highly potent, selective, metabolically stable σ1 agonist, a promising novel neuroprotective drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rossi
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section (MCPTS), University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Horrocks P, Pickard MR, Parekh HH, Patel SP, Pathak RB. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-substituted pyrazole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4891-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob27290g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Comparative molecular similarity indices analysis of some 1-substituted imidazole analogs as Candida albicans P450-demethylase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Meyer C, Schepmann D, Yanagisawa S, Yamaguchi J, Dal Col V, Laurini E, Itami K, Pricl S, Wünsch B. Pd-catalyzed direct C-H bond functionalization of spirocyclic σ1 ligands: generation of a pharmacophore model and analysis of the reverse binding mode by docking into a 3D homology model of the σ1 receptor. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8047-65. [PMID: 22913577 DOI: 10.1021/jm300894h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To explore the hydrophobic binding region of the σ(1) receptor protein, regioisomeric spirocyclic thiophenes 9-11 were developed as versatile building blocks. Regioselective α- and β-arylation using the catalyst systems PdCl(2)/bipy/Ag(2)CO(3) and PdCl(2)/P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3)/Ag(2)CO(3) allowed the introduction of various aryl moieties at different positions in the last step of the synthesis. The increasing σ(1) affinity in the order 4 < 5/6 < 7/8 indicates that the positions of the additional aryl moiety and the S atom in the spirocyclic thiophene systems control the σ(1) affinity. The main features of the pharmacophore model developed for this class of σ(1) ligands are a positive ionizable group, a H-bond acceptor group, two hydrophobic moieties, and one hydrophobic aromatic group. Docking of the ligands into a σ(1) 3D homology model via molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area calculations led to a very good correlation between the experimentally determined and estimated free energy of receptor binding. These calculations support the hypothesis of a reverse binding mode of ligands bearing the aryl moiety at the "top" (compounds 2, 3, 7, and 8) and "left" (compounds 4, 5, and 6) positions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Meyer
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Hittorfstrasse 58-62, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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29
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Pathak RB, Chovatia P, Parekh H. Synthesis, antitubercular and antimicrobial evaluation of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-substituted pyrazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5129-33. [PMID: 22695129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zoumpoulakis P, Camoutsis C, Pairas G, Soković M, Glamočlija J, Potamitis C, Pitsas A. Synthesis of novel sulfonamide-1,2,4-triazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, as potential antibacterial and antifungal agents. Biological evaluation and conformational analysis studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:1569-83. [PMID: 22264752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The significant antifungal activity of a series of sulfonamide-1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-thiazole derivatives against a series of micromycetes, compared to the commercial fungicide bifonazole has been reported. These compounds have also shown a comparable bactericidal effect to that of streptomycin and better activity than chloramphenicol against various bacteria. In view of the potential biological activity of members of the 1,2,4-triazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring systems and in continuation of our search for bioactive molecules, we designed the synthesis of a series of novel sulfonamide-1,2,4-triazoles, -1,3,4-thiadiazoles and -1,3,4-oxadiazoles emphasizing, in particular, on the strategy of combining two chemically different but pharmacologically compatible molecules (the sulfomamide nucleus and the five member) heterocycles in one frame. Synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity and some analogues exhibited very promising results especially as antifungal agents. In order to explain structure-activity relationships, conformational analysis was performed for active and less active analogues using NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling techniques. Furthermore, molecular properties which can be further used as descriptors for SAR studies, were predicted for the synthesized analogues. In general, antifungal activity seems to depend more on the triazol-3-thione moiety rather than the different length of the alkyl chain substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zoumpoulakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Institute of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece.
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Carta A, Briguglio I, Piras S, Boatto G, La Colla P, Loddo R, Tolomeo M, Grimaudo S, Di Cristina A, Pipitone RM, Laurini E, Paneni MS, Posocco P, Fermeglia M, Pricl S. 3-Aryl-2-[1H-benzotriazol-1-yl]acrylonitriles: a novel class of potent tubulin inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4151-67. [PMID: 21741130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
During a screening for compounds that could act against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a series of new cellular antiproliferative agents was identified. The most cytotoxic molecules were evaluated against a panel of human cell lines derived from hematological and solid human tumors. In particular, (E)-2-(1H-benzo[d] [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)acrylonitrile (1) was found to be of a potency comparable to etoposide and greater than 6-mercaptopurine in all cell lines tested. Accordingly, a synthesis of a new series of (E)-2-(5,6-dichloro-1H-benzo[d] [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-3-(4-R-phenyl)acrylonitriles was conducted in order to extend the studies of structure-activity relationship (SAR) for this class of molecules. With the aim to evaluate if 3-aryl-2-[1H-benzotriazol-1-yl]acrylonitriles were able to act like tubulin binding agents, the effects on cell cycle distribution of the most active compounds (1, 2a, 3 and 4) were analyzed in K562 cells. A detailed molecular modeling study of the putative binding mode of this series of compounds on tubulin is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carta
- Dipartimento Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Muroni 23/a, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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32
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Recent advances in the design and synthesis of heterocycles as anti-tubercular agents. Future Med Chem 2011; 2:1469-500. [PMID: 21426140 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.10.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the unusual structure and chemical composition of the mycobacterial cell wall, effective tuberculosis (TB) treatment is difficult, making many antibiotics ineffective and hindering the entry of drugs. With approximately 33% of infection, TB is still the second most deadly infectious disease worldwide. The reasons for this are drug-resistant TB (multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant), persistent infection (latent TB) and synergism of TB with HIV; furthermore no new chemical entity has emerged in last 40 years. New data available from the recently sequenced genome of the mycobacterium and the application of methods of modern drug design promise much for the fight against this disease. In this review, we present an introduction to TB, followed by an overview of new heterocyclic anti-tubercular moieties published during the last decade.
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33
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Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of 1-aryl-2-dimethyl- aminomethyl-2-propen-1-one hydrochlorides. Molecules 2011; 16:4660-71. [PMID: 21642940 PMCID: PMC6264356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16064660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of resistance to current antifungal therapeutics drives the search for new effective agents. The fact that several acetophenone-derived Mannich bases had shown remarkable antifungal activities in our previous studies led us to design and synthesize some acetophenone-derived Mannich bases, 1-8 and 2-acetylthiophene-derived Mannich base 9, 1-aryl-2-dimethylaminomethyl-2-propen-1-one hydrochloride, to evaluate their antifungal activities. The designed chemical structures have α,β-unsaturated ketone moieties, which are responsible for the bioactivities of the Mannich bases. The aryl part was C6H5 (1); 4-CH3C6H4 (2); 4-CH3OC6H4 (3); 4-ClC6H4 (4); 4-FC6H4 (5); 4-BrC6H4 (6); 4-HOC6H4 (7); 4-NO2C6H4 (8); and C4H3S(2-yl) (9). In this study the designed compounds were synthesized by the conventional heating method and also by the microwave irradiation method to compare these methods in terms of reaction times and yields to find an optimum synthetic method, which can be applied for the synthesis of Mannich bases in further studies. Since there are limited number of studies reporting the synthesis of Mannich bases by microwave irradiation, this study may also contribute to the general literature on Mannich bases. Compound 7 was reported for the first time. Antifungal activities of all compounds and synthesis of the compounds by microwave irradiation were also reported for the first time by this study. Fungi (15 species) were used for antifungal activity test. Amphotericin B was tested as an antifungal reference compound. In conclusion, compounds 1-6, and 9, which had more potent (2–16 times) antifungal activity than the reference compound amphotericin B against some fungi, can be model compounds for further studies to develop new antifungal agents. In addition, microwave irradiation can be considered to reduce reaction period, while the conventional method can still be considered to obtain compounds with higher reaction yields in the synthesis of new Mannich bases.
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Singh J, Verma PK, Tiwari K, Singh SB. Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole Derivative Containing Aryl Phenyl Ether as Potential Antifungal Agent. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2011.55.2.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Narasimhan B, Sharma D, Kumar P, Yogeeswari P, Sriram D. Synthesis, antimicrobial and antimycobacterial evaluation of [2-(substituted phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanones. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2011; 26:720-7. [PMID: 21250824 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2010.548331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of [2-(substituted phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanones (1-11) were synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activities. Further, a series of [2-(substituted phenyl)-benzimidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanones (12-20) reported in our earlier study was also screened for their antimycobacterial activity. The antimycobacterial activity results indicated that [2-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanone (8, minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 3.13 µg) was equipotent as standard drug ciprofloxacin and [2-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-benzimidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanone (16, MIC = 1.56 µg) was equipotent as standard drug ethambutol. The results of antimicrobial screening demonstrated that 2-[1-(Pyridine-3-carbonyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-benzoic acid (compound 11, MIC = 0.002 µg) was two times more effective than standard drug ciprofloxacin (MIC = 0.004 µg) against tested bacterial strains and [2-(2,5-Dimethyl-phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanone (compound 3, MIC = 0.005 µg) was equipotent to the reference compound, fluconazole against tested fungal strains.
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Abstract
The drug discovery process mainly relies on the experimental high-throughput screening of huge compound libraries in their pursuit of new active compounds. However, spiraling research and development costs and unimpressive success rates have driven the development of more rational, efficient, and cost-effective methods. With the increasing availability of protein structural information, advancement in computational algorithms, and faster computing resources, in silico docking-based methods are increasingly used to design smaller and focused compound libraries in order to reduce screening efforts and costs and at the same time identify active compounds with a better chance of progressing through the optimization stages. This chapter is a primer on the various docking-based methods developed for the purpose of structure-based library design. Our aim is to elucidate some basic terms related to the docking technique and explain the methodology behind several docking-based library design methods. This chapter also aims to guide the novice computational practitioner by laying out the general steps involved for such an exercise. Selected successful case studies conclude this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio N Cavasotto
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Pavan GM, Posocco P, Tagliabue A, Maly M, Malek A, Danani A, Ragg E, Catapano CV, Pricl S. PAMAM dendrimers for siRNA delivery: computational and experimental insights. Chemistry 2010; 16:7781-95. [PMID: 20496352 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Short double-stranded RNAs, which are known as short interfering RNA (siRNA), can be used to specifically down-regulate the expression of the targeted gene in a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). However, the success of gene silencing applications based on the use of synthetic siRNA critically depends on efficient intracellular delivery. Polycationic branched macromolecules such as poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers show a strong binding affinity for RNA molecules and, hence, can provide an effective, reproducible, and relatively nontoxic method for transferring siRNAs into animal cells. Notwithstanding these perspectives, relatively few attempts have been made so far along these lines to study in detail the molecular mechanisms underlying the complexation process between PAMAMs and siRNAs. In this work we combine molecular simulation and experimental approaches to study the molecular requirements of the interaction of RNA-based therapeutics and PAMAM dendrimers of different generations. The dendrimers and their siRNA complexes were structurally characterized, and the free energy of binding between each dendrimer and a model siRNA was quantified by using the well-known MM/PBSA approach. DOSY NMR experiments confirmed the structural in silico prediction and yielded further information on both the complex structure and stoichiometry at low N/P ratio values. siRNA/PAMAM complex formation was monitored at different N/P ratios using gel retardation assays, and a simple model was proposed, which related the amount of siRNA complexed to the entropy variation upon complex formation obtained from the computer simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Maria Pavan
- Physical and Mathematical Sciences Research Unit (SMF), University for Applied Sciences of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Centro Galleria 2, 6928 Manno, Switzerland
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Giliberti G, Ibba C, Marongiu E, Loddo R, Tonelli M, Boido V, Laurini E, Posocco P, Fermeglia M, Pricl S. Synergistic experimental/computational studies on arylazoenamine derivatives that target the bovine viral diarrhea virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6055-68. [PMID: 20638852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Starting from a series of arylazoenamine derivatives, shown to be selectively and potently active against the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), we developed a hierarchical combined experimental/molecular modeling strategy to explore the drug leads for the BVDV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Accordingly, BVDV mutants resistant to lead compounds in our series were isolated, and the mutant residues on the viral molecular target, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, were identified. Docking procedures upon previously identified pharmacophoric constraints and actual mutational data were carried out, and the binding affinity of all active compounds for the RdRp was estimated. Given the excellent agreement between in silico and in vitro data, this procedure is currently being employed in the design a new series of more selective and potent BVDV inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giliberti
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
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Bairwa R, Kakwani M, Tawari NR, Lalchandani J, Ray M, Rajan M, Degani MS. Novel molecular hybrids of cinnamic acids and guanylhydrazones as potential antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1623-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pharmacophore modeling, resistant mutant isolation, docking, and MM-PBSA analysis: Combined experimental/computer-assisted approaches to identify new inhibitors of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2304-2316. [PMID: 20189812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Starting from a series of our new 2-phenylbenzimidazole derivatives, shown to be selectively and potently active against the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), we developed a hierarchical combined experimental/molecular modeling strategy to explore the drug leads for the BVDV RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase. Accordingly, a successful 3D pharmacophore model was developed, characterized by distinct chemical features that may be responsible for the activity of the inhibitors. BVDV mutants resistant to lead compounds in our series were then isolated, and the mutant residues on the viral molecular target, the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase, were identified. Docking procedures upon pharmacophoric constraints and mutational data were carried out, and the binding affinity of all active compounds for the RdRp were estimated. Given the excellent agreement between in silico and in vitro data, this procedure is currently being employed in the design a new series of more selective and potent BVDV inhibitors.
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Posocco P, Fermeglia M, Pricl S. Morphology prediction of block copolymers for drug delivery by mesoscale simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01301c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zampieri D, Mamolo MG, Laurini E, Scialino G, Banfi E, Vio L. 2-Aryl-3-(1H-Azol-1-yl)-1H-Indole Derivatives: A New Class of Antimycobacterial Compounds â Conventional Heating in Comparison with MW-Assisted Synthesis. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:716-22. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Scocchi G, Posocco P, Handgraaf JW, Fraaije J, Fermeglia M, Pricl S. A Complete Multiscale Modelling Approach for Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites. Chemistry 2009; 15:7586-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Zampieri D, Mamolo MG, Laurini E, Fermeglia M, Posocco P, Pricl S, Banfi E, Scialino G, Vio L. Antimycobacterial activity of new 3,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one derivatives. Molecular modeling investigations. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:4693-707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Zampieri D, Mamolo MG, Laurini E, Scialino G, Banfi E, Vio L. Antifungal and antimycobacterial activity of 1-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:4516-22. [PMID: 18321714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1-(3,5-Diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-imidazole derivatives were synthesized and tested for their in vitro antifungal and antimycobacterial activities. These imidazole derivatives showed an excellent antifungal activity against a clinical strain of Candida albicans and an interesting antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv reference strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Piazzale Europa 1, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
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