1
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Dwivedi S, Dey S, Sau A. Sugar functionalized coumarin motifs: Synthesis and applications. Carbohydr Res 2024; 544:109244. [PMID: 39180880 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Sugars are vital biomolecules widely found in nature, playing an indispensable role in a plethora of biological processes. Similarly, coumarins are heterocycles with an effective pharmacophore skeleton, making them crucial in drug design and development. Coupling carbohydrate moieties to the small biologically active molecules creates a vast library of glycoconjugates with impressive structural diversity. The potential of coumarin glycosides is being extensively explored due to their broad spectrum of applications, including antibacterial, anticancer, and anticoagulant properties, etc. This review highlights various chemical methodologies for synthesizing diverse coumarin glycohybrids with distinct linkages and explores their immense biological potential, making a significant contribution to the field of organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhi Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Soumyadip Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Abhijit Sau
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana, India.
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2
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Sedlář A, Vrbata D, Pokorná K, Holzerová K, Červený J, Kočková O, Hlaváčková M, Doubková M, Musílková J, Křen V, Kolář F, Bačáková L, Bojarová P. Glycopolymer Inhibitors of Galectin-3 Suppress the Markers of Tissue Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9214-9226. [PMID: 38829964 PMCID: PMC11181325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a cardiovascular disease with a low survival rate. The protein galectin-3 (Gal-3) binding β-galactosides of cellular glycoproteins plays an important role in the onset and development of this disease. Carbohydrate-based drugs that target Gal-3 represent a new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Here, we present the synthesis of novel hydrophilic glycopolymer inhibitors of Gal-3 based on a polyoxazoline chain decorated with carbohydrate ligands. Biolayer interferometry revealed a high binding affinity of these glycopolymers to Gal-3 in the subnanomolar range. In the cell cultures of cardiac fibroblasts and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, the most potent glycopolymer 18 (Lac-high) caused a decrease in the expression of markers of tissue remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. The glycopolymers were shown to penetrate into the cells. In a biodistribution and pharmacokinetics study in rats, the glycopolymers accumulated in heart and lung tissues, which are most affected by pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Sedlář
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Vrbata
- Laboratory
of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Pokorná
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Holzerová
- Laboratory
of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of
Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Červený
- Laboratory
of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 2 CZ-128
43, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Kočková
- Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 1888, Prague 6 CZ-162 00, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Hlaváčková
- Laboratory
of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of
Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Doubková
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Musílková
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Laboratory
of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - František Kolář
- Laboratory
of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of
Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bačáková
- Laboratory
of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Laboratory
of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology
of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-142 00, Czech Republic
- Department
of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical
Engineering, Czech Technical University
in Prague, nám.
Sítná 3105, Kladno CZ-272 01, Czech Republic
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3
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Souchak J, Mohammed NBB, Lau LS, Dimitroff CJ. The role of galectins in mediating the adhesion of circulating cells to vascular endothelium. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395714. [PMID: 38840921 PMCID: PMC11150550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular cell adhesion is a complex orchestration of events that commonly feature lectin-ligand interactions between circulating cells, such as immune, stem, and tumor cells, and endothelial cells (ECs) lining post-capillary venules. Characteristically, circulating cell adherence to the vasculature endothelium is initiated through interactions between surface sialo-fucosylated glycoprotein ligands and lectins, specifically platelet (P)- or endothelial (E)-selectin on ECs or between leukocyte (L)-selectin on circulating leukocytes and L-selectin ligands on ECs, culminating in circulating cell extravasation. This lectin-ligand interplay enables the migration of immune cells into specific tissue sites to help maintain effective immunosurveillance and inflammation control, the homing of stem cells to bone marrow or tissues in need of repair, and, unfortunately, in some cases, the dissemination of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to distant metastatic sites. Interestingly, there is a growing body of evidence showing that the family of β-galactoside-binding lectins, known as galectins, can also play pivotal roles in the adhesion of circulating cells to the vascular endothelium. In this review, we present contemporary knowledge on the significant roles of host- and/or tumor-derived galectin (Gal)-3, -8, and -9 in facilitating the adhesion of circulating cells to the vascular endothelium either directly by acting as bridging molecules or indirectly by triggering signaling pathways to express adhesion molecules on ECs. We also explore strategies for interfering with galectin-mediated adhesion to attenuate inflammation or hinder the metastatic seeding of CTCs, which are often rich in galectins and/or their glycan ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Souchak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Norhan B. B. Mohammed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Lee Seng Lau
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Charles J. Dimitroff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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4
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Vlachová M, Tran VN, Červený J, Dolníček F, Petrásková L, Pelantová H, Kundrát O, Cvačka J, Bosáková Z, Křen V, Lhoták P, Viktorová J, Bojarová P. Galectin-targeting glycocalix[4]arenes can enter the cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10404-10407. [PMID: 37551910 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02905k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of galectin-3 are associated with tumorigenesis. Its inhibition with high-affinity carbohydrate ligands opens new therapeutic routes. Targeting of intracellular galectin-3 is challenging for polar inhibitors like carbohydrates. We demonstrate the potential of novel biomedical research tools, glycocalix[4]arenes, to enter epithelial cells, which may allow their interaction with galectin-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miluše Vlachová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Van Nguyen Tran
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Červený
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - František Dolníček
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Petrásková
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Kundrát
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bosáková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Lhoták
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Praha 4, Czech Republic.
- Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, nám. Sítná 3105, CZ-27201 Kladno, Czech Republic
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5
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Maikhuri VK, Verma V, Mathur D, Prasad AK, Chaudhary A, Kumar R. Sugars in Multicomponent Reactions: A Toolbox for Diversity-Oriented Synthesis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMulticomponent reactions (MCRs) cover strategically employed chemical transformations that incorporate three or more reactants in one pot leading to a functionalized final product. Thus, it is an ideal tool to achieve high levels of complexity, diversity, yields of desired products, atom economy, and reduced reaction times. Sugars belong to the class of naturally occurring compounds with fascinating applications in the field of drug discovery due to the presence of various hydroxy groups and well-defined stereochemistry. However, their potential in MCRs has been realized only recently. This account describes recent advances in the synthesis of sugar-derived heterocycles synthesized by MCRs. We hope to encourage the synthetic and medicinal chemistry community to apply this powerful MCR chemistry to generate novel glycoconjugate challenges.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Various Functionalized Sugar Compounds2.1 Passerini and Ugi Multicomponent Reactions2.2 Petasis Reaction2.3 Hantzsch Reaction2.4 Domino Ferrier–Povarov Reaction2.5 Marckwald Reaction2.6 Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé (GBB) Reaction2.7 Prins–Ritter Reaction2.8 Debus–Radziszewski Imidazole Synthesis Reaction2.9 Mannich Reaction2.10 A3-Coupling Reaction2.11 [3+2]-Cycloaddition Reactions2.12 Miscellaneous Reactions3 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vineet Verma
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi
- Department of Chemistry, Starex University
| | - Divya Mathur
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi
- Daulat Ram College, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi
| | - Ashok K. Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R.D.S. College, B.R.A. Bihar University
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6
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Targeting galectin-driven regulatory circuits in cancer and fibrosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:295-316. [PMID: 36759557 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of endogenous glycan-binding proteins that have crucial roles in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. As a group, these proteins use both extracellular and intracellular mechanisms as well as glycan-dependent and independent pathways to reprogramme the fate and function of numerous cell types. Given their multifunctional roles in both tissue fibrosis and cancer, galectins have been identified as potential therapeutic targets for these disorders. Here, we focus on the therapeutic relevance of galectins, particularly galectin 1 (GAL1), GAL3 and GAL9 to tumour progression and fibrotic diseases. We consider an array of galectin-targeted strategies, including small-molecule carbohydrate inhibitors, natural polysaccharides and their derivatives, peptides, peptidomimetics and biological agents (notably, neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and truncated galectins) and discuss their mechanisms of action, selectivity and therapeutic potential in preclinical models of fibrosis and cancer. We also review the results of clinical trials that aim to evaluate the efficacy of galectin inhibitors in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cancer. The rapid pace of glycobiology research, combined with the acute need for drugs to alleviate fibrotic inflammation and overcome resistance to anticancer therapies, will accelerate the translation of anti-galectin therapeutics into clinical practice.
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7
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Moghadam Farid S, Seifinoferest B, Gholamhosseyni M, Larijani B, Mahdavi M. Modern metal-catalyzed and organocatalytic methods for synthesis of coumarin derivatives: a review. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4846-4883. [PMID: 35642609 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00491g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coumarin is an important pharmaceutical structural motif, abundantly found in numerous commonly used drugs. Compounds containing this core show a broad spectrum of medicinal properties and biological activities. The increasing importance and wide usages of coumarin derivatives have drawn attention to its synthetic methods, among which metal-catalyzed and organocatalytic methods have proved the most effective. Several metal-catalyzed and/or organocatalytic synthetic strategies for coumarin have been investigated and reported in recent decades. This review focuses on more recent reports on catalysis methods for synthesizing coumarin and coumarin-like structures (including light-mediated methods and nano-catalysts), exploring the mechanistic aspects, simplicity, efficiency, repeatability, and other advantages and disadvantages of these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moghadam Farid
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behnoush Seifinoferest
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maral Gholamhosseyni
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Yong C, Li Y, Bi T, Chen G, Zheng D, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Research Progress on the Synthesis and Activity of D-Galactose Derived Small Galectin Inhibitors. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Hassan M, Baussière F, Guzelj S, Sundin AP, Håkansson M, Kovačič R, Leffler H, Tomašič T, Anderluh M, Jakopin Ž, Nilsson UJ. Structure-Guided Design of d-Galactal Derivatives with High Affinity and Selectivity for the Galectin-8 N-Terminal Domain. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1745-1752. [PMID: 34795863 PMCID: PMC8592027 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-8 is a carbohydrate-binding protein that plays a crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis, antibacterial autophagy, modulation of the immune system, and bone remodeling. The design, synthesis, and protein affinity evaluation of a set of C-3 substituted benzimidazole and quinoline d-galactal derivatives identified a d-galactal-benzimidazole hybrid as a selective ligand for the galectin-8 N-terminal domain (galectin-8N), with a K d of 48 μM and 15-fold selectivity over galectin-3 and even better selectivity over the other mammalian galectins. X-ray structural analysis of galectin-8N in complex with one benzimidazole- and one quinoline-galactal derivative at 1.52 and 2.1 Å together with molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations of galectin-8N in complex with the benzimidazole derivative revealed orbital overlap between a NH LUMO of Arg45 with electron rich HOMOs of the olefin and O4 of the d-galactal. Such overlap is hypothesized to contribute to the high affinity of the d-galactal-derived ligands for galectin-8N. A (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3- carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) (MTS) assay evaluation of the d-galactal-benzimidazole hybrid and an analogous galactoside derivative on a panel of cell lines with MTS assay showed no effect on cell viability up to 100 μM concentration. A subsequent functional assay using the MDA-MB-231 cell line demonstrated that the d-galactal-benzimidazole hybrid and the analogous galactoside derivative reduced the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, these compounds represent potential probes for galectin-8N pharmacology investigations and possibly promising leads for the design and synthesis of potent and selective galectin-8 inhibitors as potential antitumor and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujtaba Hassan
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Floriane Baussière
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Samo Guzelj
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anders P. Sundin
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Håkansson
- SARomics
Biostructures AB, Medicon
Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Rebeka Kovačič
- SARomics
Biostructures AB, Medicon
Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund
University BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiga Jakopin
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ulf J. Nilsson
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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10
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Li J, Zhao Y, Yang J, Li R, Cao Z, Wan X. Ferric Sulphate/Potassium Bisulfate Promoted Facile Synthesis of
N
‐Sulfonylimidates from a Multi‐Component Reaction. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jinwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ruyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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11
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Sethi A, Sasikala K, Jakkula P, Gadde D, Sanam S, Qureshi IA, Talla V, Alvala M. Design, synthesis and computational studies involving Indole-Coumarin hybrids as galectin-1 inhibitors. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Goud NS, Ghouse MS, Nagaraju C, Bharath RD, Alvala M, Kumar P. Automated Radiosynthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Coumarin-Triazole Hybrid with fluorine-18: A feasibility study. Curr Radiopharm 2021; 15:40-49. [PMID: 33511934 DOI: 10.2174/1874471014666210129141221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluorine-18 is one of the promising radiotracers that can report target specific information related to its physiology to understand the disease status through PET modality. In current study, the radiochemical synthesis, purification and molecular docking studies of fluorine-18 (18F) radiolabeled coumarin-triazole hybrid have been performed. OBJECTIVE To develop target specific fluorine-18 radiotracer for the diagnosis in oncology. METHODS GE Tracer-lab FX2N module with few modifications in the line connections was used for the radiosynthesis and purification of target molecule [18F]SG-2, 4-((2,6-dimethylmorpholino) methyl)-7-((1-(4-(fluoro-18F) benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) oxy)-2H-chromen-2-one, through the nucleophilic radiofluorination mechanism. The radiochemical purity was measured by HPLC, and TLC analytical methods. The kryptofix levels were also evaluated by using TLC method. The residual solvents like DMF, ethanol was measured using GC. The Schrödinger drug discovery suite 2018 was used to study the protein and ligand interactions. RESULTS The quality control parameters revealed the purity, chemical identity, and limits of residual solvents. The radiochemical purity was 95.5 ± 2.3 %, and dimethyl formamide solvent limit was 89 ± 3 ppm. The molecular docking results had suggested that the cold target molecule has made strong electronic interactions and showed the possible pharmacokinetic (ADME) properties with galectin-1 protein. Overall, these results showed that [18F]SG-2 radiolabeling with 18F radionuclide was feasible, and support of molecular docking studies suggest possible interactions with Galectin-1. CONCLUSION we reported feasibility study for labeling coumarin-triazole hybrid with fluorine-18 through aromatic nucleophilic fluorination reaction (SNAr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerella Sridhar Goud
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS). India
| | - Mahammad S Ghouse
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037. India
| | - Chandana Nagaraju
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS). India
| | - Rose Dawn Bharath
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS). India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500037. India
| | - Pardeep Kumar
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (NI & IR), National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS). India
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13
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Chen Z, Jin S, Jiang W, Zhu F, Chen Y, Zhao Y. Multicomponent Synthesis of Iminocoumarins via Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11006-11013. [PMID: 32672469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We herein establish a multicomponent annulation method for the synthesis of valuable iminocoumarins using aryl thiocarbamates, internal alkynes, and sulfonamides as starting materials, which are safe and readily available. The key step is a Rh-catalyzed and sulfur-directed C-H bond activation. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggested that the nucleophilic attack of the sulfonamide on an active iminium cation finally completes the imine segment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Jin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Wenyao Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Feimin Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yingwei Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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14
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Filipová M, Bojarová P, Rodrigues Tavares M, Bumba L, Elling L, Chytil P, Gunár K, Křen V, Etrych T, Janoušková O. Glycopolymers for Efficient Inhibition of Galectin-3: In Vitro Proof of Efficacy Using Suppression of T Lymphocyte Apoptosis and Tumor Cell Migration. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3122-3133. [PMID: 32697592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient galectin-3 (Gal-3) inhibitors draws attention in the field of anti-cancer therapy, especially due to the prominent role of extra- and intracellular Gal-3 in vital processes of cancerogenesis, such as immunosuppression, stimulation of tumor cells proliferation, survival, invasion, apoptotic resistance, and metastasis formation and progression. Here, by combining poly-LacNAc (Galβ4GlcNAc)-derived oligosaccharides with N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers, we synthesized multivalent glycopolymer inhibitors with a high potential to target extracellular and intracellular Gal-3. The inhibitory capabilities of the best conjugate in the studied series were in the nanomolar range proving the excellent Gal-3 inhibitory potential. Moreover, thorough investigation of the inhibitory effect in the biological conditions showed that the glycopolymers strongly inhibited Gal-3-induced apoptosis of T lymphocytes and suppressed migration and spreading of colorectal, breast, melanoma, and prostate cancer cells. In sum, the strong inhibitory activity toward Gal-3, combined with favorable pharmacokinetics of HPMA copolymers ensuring enhanced tumor accumulation via the enhanced permeability and retention effect, nominate the glycopolymers containing LacdiNAc-LacNAc (GalNAcβ4GlcNAcβ3Galβ4GlcNAc) tetrasaccharide as promising tools for preclinical in anti-cancer therapy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Filipová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4 Czech Republic.,Department of Health Care Disciplines and Population Protection, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná Sq. 3105, CZ-27201 Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Rodrigues Tavares
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Bumba
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4 Czech Republic
| | - Lothar Elling
- Institute of Biotechnology and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 20, D-52079 Aachen, Germany
| | - Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Gunár
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4 Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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15
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Goud NS, Kanth Makani VK, Pranay J, Alvala R, Qureshi IA, Kumar P, Bharath RD, Nagaraj C, Yerramsetty S, Pal-Bhadra M, Alvala M. Synthesis, 18F-radiolabeling and apoptosis inducing studies of novel 4, 7-disubstituted coumarins. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Du LH, Chen PF, Long RJ, Xue M, Luo XP. A sustainable innovation for the tandem synthesis of sugar-containing coumarin derivatives catalyzed by lipozyme TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus in continuous-flow microreactors. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13252-13259. [PMID: 35492096 PMCID: PMC9051562 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00879f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed an efficient and environmentally friendly two-step tandem methodology for the synthesis of sugar-containing coumarin derivatives catalyzed by lipozyme TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus in continuous-flow microreactors. Compared to those observed for other methods, the salient features of this work including green reaction conditions, short residence time (50 min), and catalysts are more readily available and the biocatalysis reaction process is efficient and easy to control. This two-step tandem synthesis of coumarin derivatives using the continuous-flow technology is a proof of concept that opens the use of enzymatic microreactors in coumarin derivative biotransformations. An effective and environmentally friendly two-step tandem protocol for the synthesis of sugar-containing coumarin derivatives catalyzed by lipozyme TL IM in continuous-flow microreactors has been developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86 18969069399
| | - Ping-Feng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86 18969069399
| | - Rui-Jie Long
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86 18969069399
| | - Miao Xue
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86 18969069399
| | - Xi-Ping Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
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17
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Dussouy C, Kishor C, Lambert A, Lamoureux C, Blanchard H, Grandjean C. Linear triazole-linked pseudo oligogalactosides as scaffolds for galectin inhibitor development. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1123-1133. [PMID: 32220037 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Galectins play key roles in numerous biological processes. Their mode of action depends on their localization which can be extracellular, cytoplasmic, or nuclear and is partly mediated through interactions with β-galactose containing glycans. Galectins have emerged as novel therapeutic targets notably for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and cancers. This has stimulated the design of carbohydrate-based inhibitors targeting the carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) of the galectins. Pursuing this approach, we reasoned that linear oligogalactosides obtained by straightforward iterative click chemistry could mimic poly-lactosamine motifs expressed at eukaryote cell surfaces which the extracellular form of galectin-3, a prominent member of the galectin family, specifically recognizes. Affinities toward galectin-3 consistently increased with the length of the representative oligogalactosides but without reaching that of oligo-lactosamines. Elucidation of the X-ray crystal structures of the galectin-3 CRD in complex with a synthesized di- and tri-galactoside confirmed that the compounds bind within the carbohydrate-binding site. The atomic structures revealed that binding interactions mainly occur with the galactose moiety at the non-reducing end, primarily with subsites C and D of the CRD, differing from oligo-lactosamine which bind more consistently across the whole groove formed by the five subsites (A-E) of the galectin-3 CRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dussouy
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Chandan Kishor
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Annie Lambert
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Clément Lamoureux
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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18
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Sethi A, Sanam S, Munagalasetty S, Jayanthi S, Alvala M. Understanding the role of galectin inhibitors as potential candidates for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: in silico studies. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29873-29884. [PMID: 35518264 PMCID: PMC9056307 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04795c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin 3 have the potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We validated the studies by docking, MD and MM/GBSA calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaftaab Sethi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
| | - Swetha Sanam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
| | - Sharon Munagalasetty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
| | - Sivaraman Jayanthi
- Computational Drug Design Lab
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore
- India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
- MARS Training Academy
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19
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New clues arising from hunt of saccharides binding to galectin 3 via 3D QSAR and docking studies. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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20
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Goud NS, Soukya PSL, Ghouse M, Komal D, Alvala R, Alvala M. Human Galectin-1 and Its Inhibitors: Privileged Target for Cancer and HIV. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1369-1378. [PMID: 30834831 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190304120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Galectin 1(Gal-1), a β-galactoside binding mammalian lectin of 14KDa, is implicated in many signalling pathways, immune responses associated with cancer progression and immune disorders. Inhibition of human Gal-1 has been regarded as one of the potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, as it plays a major role in tumour development and metastasis by modulating various biological functions viz. apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, cell immune escape. Gal-1 is considered as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment condition. The overexpression of Gal-1 is well established and seen in many types of cancer progression like osteosarcoma, breast, lung, prostate, melanoma, etc. Gal-1 greatly accelerates the binding kinetics of HIV-1 to susceptible cells, leading to faster viral entry and a more robust viral replication by specific binding of CD4 cells. Hence, the Gal-1 is considered a promising molecular target for the development of new therapeutic drugs for cancer and HIV. The present review laid emphasis on structural insights and functional role of Gal-1 in the disease, current Gal-1 inhibitors and future prospects in the design of specific Gal-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narella Sridhar Goud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - P S Lakshmi Soukya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Mahammad Ghouse
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Daipule Komal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Ravi Alvala
- G. Pulla Reddy College of pharmacy, Hyderabad, 500028, India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
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21
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Goud NS, Ghouse MS, Vishnu J, Pranay J, Alvala R, Talla V, Qureshi IA, Alvala M. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Heterocyclic Imines Linked Coumarin- Thiazole Hybrids as Anticancer Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:557-566. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190207140120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Human Galectin-1, a protein of lectin family showing affinity towards β-galactosides
has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor progression and metastasis, by modulating diverse biological events
including homotypic cell aggregation, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis and immune escape. Therefore,
galectin-1 inhibitors might represent novel therapeutic agents for cancer.
Methods:
A new series of heterocyclic imines linked coumarin-thiazole hybrids (6a-6r) was synthesized and
evaluated for its cytotoxic potential against a panel of six human cancer cell lines namely, lung (A549), prostate
(DU-145), breast (MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231), colon (HCT-15 & HT-29) using MTT assay. Characteristic apoptotic
assays like DAPI staining, cell cycle, annexin V and Mitochondrial membrane potential studies were performed
for the most active compound. Furthermore, Gal-1 inhibition was confirmed by ELISA and fluorescence
spectroscopy.
Results:
Among all, compound 6g 3-(2-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene) hydrazineyl) thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-
one exhibited promising growth inhibition against HCT-15 colorectal cancer cells with an IC50 value of 1.28 ±
0.14 µM. The characteristic apoptotic morphological features like chromatin condensation, membrane blebbing
and apoptotic body formation were clearly observed with compound 6g on HCT-15 cells using DAPI staining
studies. Further, annexin V-FITC/PI assay confirmed effective early apoptosis induction by treatment with compound
6g. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced ROS generation were confirmed with JC-1
and DCFDA staining method, respectively by treatment with compound 6g, suggesting a possible mechanism
for inducing apoptosis. Moreover, flow cytometric analysis revealed that compound 6g blocked G0/G1 phase of
the cell cycle in a dose-dependent manner. Compound 6g effectively reduced the levels of Gal-1 protein in a
dose-dependent manner. The binding constant (Ka) of 6g with Gal-1 was calculated from the intercept value
which was observed as 1.9 x 107 M-1 by Fluorescence spectroscopy. Molecular docking studies showed strong
interactions of compound 6g with Gal-1 protein.
Conclusion:
Our studies demonstrate the anticancer potential and Gal-1 inhibition of heterocyclic imines linked
coumarin-thiazole hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerella S. Goud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Mahammad S. Ghouse
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Jatoth Vishnu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Jakkula Pranay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravi Alvala
- G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - Venu Talla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Insaf A. Qureshi
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
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22
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Pal KB, Mahanti M, Huang X, Persson S, Sundin AP, Zetterberg FR, Oredsson S, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ. Quinoline-galactose hybrids bind selectively with high affinity to a galectin-8 N-terminal domain. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:6295-6305. [PMID: 30117507 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01354c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Quinolines, indolizines, and coumarins are well known structural elements in many biologically active molecules. In this report, we have developed straightforward methods to incorporate quinoline, indolizine, and coumarin structures into galactoside derivatives under robust reaction conditions for the discovery of glycomimetic inhibitors of the galectin family of proteins that are involved in immunological and tumor-promoting biological processes. Evaluation of the quinoline, indolizine and coumarin-derivatised galactosides as inhibitors of the human galectin-1, 2, 3, 4N (N-terminal domain), 4C (C-terminal domain), 7, 8N, 8C, 9N, and 9C revealed quinoline derivatives that selectively bound galectin-8N, a galectin with key roles in lymphangiogenesis, tumor progression, and autophagy, with up to nearly 60-fold affinity improvements relative to methyl β-d-galactopyranoside. Molecular dynamics simulations proposed an interaction mode in which Arg59 had moved 2.5 Å and in which an inhibitor carboxylate and quinoline nitrogen formed structure-stabilizing water-mediated hydrogen bonds. The compounds were demonstrated to be non-toxic in an MTT assay with several breast cancer cell lines and one normal cell line. The improved affinity, selectivity, and low cytotoxicity suggest that the quinoline-galactoside derivatives provide an attractive starting point for the development of galectin-8N inhibitors potentially interfering with pathological lymphangiogenesis, autophagy, and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Bhaskar Pal
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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23
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Laaf D, Bojarová P, Elling L, Křen V. Galectin-Carbohydrate Interactions in Biomedicine and Biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 37:402-415. [PMID: 30413271 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular communication events are mediated by interactions between cell-surface sugars and lectins, which are carbohydrate-binding proteins. Galectins are β-galactosyl-binding lectins that bridge molecules by their sugar moieties, forming a signaling and adhesion network. Severe changes in glycosylation and galectin expression accompany major processes in oncogenesis, cardiovascular disorders, and other pathologies, making galectins attractive therapeutic targets. Here we discuss advanced strategies of chemo-enzymatic carbohydrate synthesis for creating lead glycomimetics and (neo-)glycoconjugates for galectin-1 and -3 targeting in biomedicine and biotechnology. We will describe the challenges and bottlenecks on the route into biomedical and biotechnological practice and present the first clinical candidates. The coming era will see an exciting translation of selective well-defined high-affinity galectin ligands from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; Equally contributing authors
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Equally contributing authors
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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24
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Momahed Heravi M, Zadsirjan V, Mollaiye M, Heydari M, Taheri Kal Koshvandi A. Salicylaldehydes as privileged synthons in multicomponent reactions. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Zetterberg FR, Peterson K, Johnsson RE, Brimert T, Håkansson M, Logan DT, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ. Monosaccharide Derivatives with Low-Nanomolar Lectin Affinity and High Selectivity Based on Combined Fluorine-Amide, Phenyl-Arginine, Sulfur-π, and Halogen Bond Interactions. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:133-137. [PMID: 29194992 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The design of small and high-affinity lectin inhibitors remains a major challenge because the natural ligand binding sites of lectin are often shallow and have polar character. Herein we report that derivatizing galactose with un-natural structural elements that form multiple non-natural lectin-ligand interactions (orthogonal multipolar fluorine-amide, phenyl-arginine, sulfur-π, and halogen bond) can provide inhibitors with extraordinary affinity (low nanomolar) for the model lectin, galectin-3, which is more than five orders of magnitude higher than the parent galactose; moreover, is selective over other galectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik R Zetterberg
- Galecto Biotech AB, Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8A, 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Peterson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Thomas Brimert
- Red Glead Discovery AB, Medicon Village, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Håkansson
- SARomics Biostructures AB, Medicon Village, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Derek T Logan
- SARomics Biostructures AB, Medicon Village, 223 63, Lund, Sweden.,Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
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26
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Peterson K, Kumar R, Stenström O, Verma P, Verma PR, Håkansson M, Kahl-Knutsson B, Zetterberg F, Leffler H, Akke M, Logan DT, Nilsson UJ. Systematic Tuning of Fluoro-galectin-3 Interactions Provides Thiodigalactoside Derivatives with Single-Digit nM Affinity and High Selectivity. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1164-1175. [PMID: 29284090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Symmetrical and asymmetrical fluorinated phenyltriazolyl-thiodigalactoside derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of galectin-1 and galectin-3. Systematic tuning of the phenyltriazolyl-thiodigalactosides' fluoro-interactions with galectin-3 led to the discovery of inhibitors with exceptional affinities (Kd down to 1-2 nM) in symmetrically substituted thiodigalactosides as well as unsurpassed combination of high affinity (Kd 7.5 nM) and selectivity (46-fold) over galectin-1 for asymmetrical thiodigalactosides by carrying one trifluorphenyltriazole and one coumaryl moiety. Studies of the inhibitor-galectin complexes with isothermal titration calorimetry and X-ray crystallography revealed the importance of fluoro-amide interaction for affinity and for selectivity. Finally, the high affinity of the discovered inhibitors required two competitive titration assay tools to be developed: a new high affinity fluorescent probe for competitive fluorescent polarization and a competitive ligand optimal for analyzing high affinity galectin-3 inhibitors with competitive isothermal titration calorimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Peterson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Stenström
- Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Priya Verma
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Prashant R Verma
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Håkansson
- SARomics Biostructures AB , Medicon Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Barbro Kahl-Knutsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University BMC-C1228b , Klinikgatan 28, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Zetterberg
- Galecto Biotech AB , Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8 A, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University BMC-C1228b , Klinikgatan 28, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikael Akke
- Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Derek T Logan
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,SARomics Biostructures AB , Medicon Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Mandal S, Rajput VK, Sundin AP, Leffler H, Mukhopadhyay B, Nilsson UJ. Galactose-amidine derivatives as selective antagonists of galectin-9. CAN J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2015-0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The family of galectin proteins involved in adhesion, growth regulation, immunity, and inflammatory events are important targets for development of small molecule antagonists. Here, N-sulfonyl amidine galactopyranoside derivatives obtained via a multicomponent reaction between galactose alkyne derivatives, sulfonyl azides, and amines were evaluated as antagonists of galectin-1, -2, -3, -4N (N-terminal domain), -4C (C-terminal domain), -8N, -9N, and -9C in a competitive fluorescence polarization assay. Highly selective compounds against galectin-9N with up to 30-fold improved affinity compared to the reference methyl β-d-galactopyranoside were identified. Molecular dynamics simulation suggested that the selectivity and affinity for galectin-9N originate from the N-sulfonyl amidine moieties forming tridentate hydrogen bonds to two asparagine side chains and one phenyl stacking edge-to-face to an arginine side chain. These selective galectin-9N antagonists are of significant value as chemical tools for studying galectin-9 biology and chemistry as well as possible starting structures for the discovery of galectin-9-targeting drugs influencing, e.g., immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Mandal
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, India
| | - Vishal K. Rajput
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, India
| | - Anders P. Sundin
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Section MIG, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, India
| | - Ulf J. Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Tolnai GL, Nilsson UJ, Olofsson B. Efficient O-Functionalization of Carbohydrates with Electrophilic Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11226-30. [PMID: 27528184 PMCID: PMC5113792 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel methodology for O-functionalization of carbohydrate derivatives has been established using bench-stable and easily prepared iodonium(III) reagents. Both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating aryl groups were introduced under ambient conditions and without precautions to exclude air or moisture. Furthermore, the approach was extended both to full arylation of cyclodextrin, and to trifluoroethylation of carbohydrate derivatives. This is the first general approach to introduce traditionally non-electrophilic groups into any of the OH groups around the sugar backbone. The methodology will be useful both in synthetic organic chemistry and biochemistry, as important functional groups can be incorporated under simple and robust reaction conditions in a fast and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely L Tolnai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Rajput VK, MacKinnon A, Mandal S, Collins P, Blanchard H, Leffler H, Sethi T, Schambye H, Mukhopadhyay B, Nilsson UJ. A Selective Galactose-Coumarin-Derived Galectin-3 Inhibitor Demonstrates Involvement of Galectin-3-glycan Interactions in a Pulmonary Fibrosis Model. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8141-7. [PMID: 27500311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of doubly 3-O-coumarylmethyl-substituted thiodigalactosides from bis-3-O-propargyl-thiodigalactoside resulted in highly selective and high affinity galectin-3 inhibitors. Mutant studies, structural analysis, and molecular modeling revealed that the coumaryl substituents stack onto arginine side chains. One inhibitor displayed efficacy in a murine model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis similar to that of a known nonselective galectin-1/galectin-3 inhibitor, which strongly suggests that blocking galectin-3 glycan recognition is an important antifibrotic drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal K Rajput
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata (IISER) Kolkata , Mohanpur Campus, P.O. BCKV Campus Main Office, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India.,Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alison MacKinnon
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, U.K
| | - Santanu Mandal
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrick Collins
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University , BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tariq Sethi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Kings College , Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9RS, U.K
| | - Hans Schambye
- Galecto Biotech ApS, COBIS , Ole Maaloes vej 3, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata (IISER) Kolkata , Mohanpur Campus, P.O. BCKV Campus Main Office, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Tolnai GL, Nilsson UJ, Olofsson B. Efficient O-Functionalization of Carbohydrates with Electrophilic Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gergely L. Tolnai
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ulf J. Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Lund University; 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; 10691 Stockholm Sweden
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He XP, Zeng YL, Zang Y, Li J, Field RA, Chen GR. Carbohydrate CuAAC click chemistry for therapy and diagnosis. Carbohydr Res 2016; 429:1-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Blanchard H, Bum-Erdene K, Bohari MH, Yu X. Galectin-1 inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:537-54. [PMID: 26950805 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2016.1163338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Galectins have affinity for β-galactosides. Human galectin-1 is ubiquitously expressed in the body and its expression level can be a marker in disease. Targeted inhibition of galectin-1 gives potential for treatment of inflammatory disorders and anti-cancer therapeutics. AREAS COVERED This review discusses progress in galectin-1 inhibitor discovery and development. Patent applications pertaining to galectin-1 inhibitors are categorised as monovalent- and multivalent-carbohydrate-based inhibitors, peptides- and peptidomimetics. Furthermore, the potential of galectin-1 protein as a therapeutic is discussed along with consideration of the unique challenges that galectin-1 presents, including its monomer-dimer equilibrium and oxidized and reduced forms, with regard to delivering an intact protein to a pathologically relevant site. EXPERT OPINION Significant evidence implicates galectin-1's involvement in cancer progression, inflammation, and host-pathogen interactions. Conserved sequence similarity of the carbohydrate-binding sites of different galectins makes design of specific antagonists (blocking agents/inhibitors of function) difficult. Key challenges pertaining to the therapeutic use of galectin-1 are its monomer-dimer equilibrium, its redox state, and delivery of intact galectin-1 to the desired site. Developing modified forms of galectin-1 has resulted in increased stability and functional potency. Gene and protein therapy approaches that deliver the protein toward the target are under exploration as is exploitation of different inhibitor scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Blanchard
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
| | - Khuchtumur Bum-Erdene
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
| | | | - Xing Yu
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
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Blanchard H, Bum-Erdene K, Hugo MW. Inhibitors of Galectins and Implications for Structure-Based Design of Galectin-Specific Therapeutics. Aust J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of galactoside-specific lectins that are involved in a myriad of metabolic and disease processes. Due to roles in cancer and inflammatory and heart diseases, galectins are attractive targets for drug development. Over the last two decades, various strategies have been used to inhibit galectins, including polysaccharide-based therapeutics, multivalent display of saccharides, peptides, peptidomimetics, and saccharide-modifications. Primarily due to galectin carbohydrate binding sites having high sequence identities, the design and development of selective inhibitors targeting particular galectins, thereby addressing specific disease states, is challenging. Furthermore, the use of different inhibition assays by research groups has hindered systematic assessment of the relative selectivity and affinity of inhibitors. This review summarises the status of current inhibitors, strategies, and novel scaffolds that exploit subtle differences in galectin structures that, in conjunction with increasing available data on multiple galectins, is enabling the feasible design of effective and specific inhibitors of galectins.
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