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Han H, Zhao C, Liu M, Zhu H, Meng F, Zhang Y, Wang G, Wang L, Di L, Mingyuen Lee S, Zhang Q, Cui G. Mitochondrial complex I inhibition by homoharringtonine: A novel strategy for suppression of chronic myeloid leukemia. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115875. [PMID: 37871881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy predominantly driven by the BCR-ABL fusion gene. One of the significant challenges in treating CML lies in the emergence of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), especially those associated with the T315I mutation. Homoharringtonine (HHT) is an FDA-approved, naturally-derived drug with known anti-leukemic properties, but its precise mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. In this study, we rigorously evaluated the anti-CML activity of HHT through both in vitro and in vivo assays, observing substantial anti-CML effects. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underpinning these effects, we performed proteomic analysis on BCR-ABL T315I mutation-bearing cells treated with HHT. Comprehensive pathway enrichment analysis identified oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as the most significantly disrupted, suggesting a key role in the mechanism of action of HHT. Further bioinformatics exploration revealed a substantial downregulation of proteins localized within mitochondrial complex I (MCI), a critical OXPHOS component. These results were validated through Western blot analysis and were supplemented by marked reductions in MCI activity, ATP level, and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) upon HHT exposure. Collectively, our results shed light on the potent anti-CML properties of HHT, particularly its effectiveness against T315I mutant cells through MCI inhibition. Our study underscores a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome BCR-ABL T315I mutation resistance, illuminating a previously uncharted mechanism of action for HHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Mengchen Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hongxuan Zhu
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Fancheng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Faculty of Health sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lijun Di
- Faculty of Health sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Simon Mingyuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Guozhen Cui
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China.
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Cao C, He M, Wang L, He Y, Rao Y. Chemistries of bifunctional PROTAC degraders. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7066-7114. [PMID: 35916511 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00220e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a novel and promising therapeutic strategy using small molecules to induce ubiquitin-dependent degradation of proteins. It has received extensive attention from both academia and industry as it can potentially access previously inaccessible targets. However, the design and optimization of PROTACs present big challenges for researchers, and the general strategy for its development and optimization is a lot of trial and error based on experience. This review highlights the important advances in this rapidly growing field and critical limitations of the traditional trial-and-error approach to developing PROTACs by analyzing numerous representative examples of PROTACs development. We summarize and analyze the general principles and strategies for PROTACs design and optimization from the perspective of chemical structure design, and propose potential future pathways to facilitate the development of PROTACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoguo Cao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China. .,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ming He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Liguo Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Yuna He
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Rao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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Allosteric Enhancement of the BCR-Abl1 Kinase Inhibition Activity of Nilotinib by Co-Binding of Asciminib. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102238. [PMID: 35809644 PMCID: PMC9386466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors that bind competitively to the ATP binding pocket in the kinase domain of the oncogenic fusion protein BCR–Abl1 are used successfully in targeted therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Such inhibitors provided the first proof of concept that kinase inhibition can succeed in a clinical setting. However, emergence of drug resistance and dose-dependent toxicities limit the effectiveness of these drugs. Therefore, treatment with a combination of drugs without overlapping resistance mechanisms appears to be an appropriate strategy. In the present work, we explore the effectiveness of combination therapies of the recently developed allosteric inhibitor asciminib with the ATP-competitive inhibitors nilotinib and dasatinib in inhibiting the BCR–Abl1 kinase activity in CML cell lines. Through these experiments, we demonstrate that asciminib significantly enhances the inhibition activity of nilotinib, but not of dasatinib. Exploring molecular mechanisms for such allosteric enhancement via systematic computational investigation incorporating molecular dynamics, metadynamics simulations, and density functional theory calculations, we found two distinct contributions. First, binding of asciminib triggers conformational changes in the inactive state of the protein, thereby making the activation process less favorable by ∼4 kcal/mol. Second, the binding of asciminib decreases the binding free energies of nilotinib by ∼3 and ∼7 kcal/mol for the wildtype and T315I-mutated protein, respectively, suggesting the possibility of reducing nilotinib dosage and lowering risk of developing resistance in the treatment of CML.
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He M, Lv W, Rao Y. Opportunities and Challenges of Small Molecule Induced Targeted Protein Degradation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:685106. [PMID: 34249939 PMCID: PMC8261656 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.685106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTAC) represents a new type of small molecule induced protein degradation technology that has emerged in recent years. PROTAC uses bifunctional small molecules to induce ubiquitination of target proteins and utilizes intracellular proteasomes for chemical knockdown. It complements the gene editing and RNA interference for protein knockdown. Compared with small molecule inhibitors, PROTAC has shown great advantages in overcoming tumor resistance, affecting the non-enzymatic function of target proteins, degrading undruggable targets, and providing new rapid and reversible chemical knockout tools. At the same time, its challenges and problems also need to be resolved as a fast-developing newchemical biology technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxing Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Rao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Yang Y, Gao H, Sun X, Sun Y, Qiu Y, Weng Q, Rao Y. Global PROTAC Toolbox for Degrading BCR-ABL Overcomes Drug-Resistant Mutants and Adverse Effects. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8567-8583. [PMID: 32657579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein causes chronic myeloid leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Ph+ patients because the ABL kinase is constitutively activated. However, current clinical treatment with ABL inhibitors is seriously limited by drug resistance and adverse effects. Although the emerging proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have been introduced to degrade BCR-ABL, most of them showed limited activity and could not overcome the common drug-resistant mutants, especially for T315I mutant. Herein, we systematically designed a set of unique PROTACs by globally targeting all the three binding sites of BCR-ABL, including dasatinib-, ponatinib-, and asciminib-based PROTACs. Our ponatinib-based PROTACs showed practical activity as dasatinib-based PROTACs, while no reported ponatinib-based PROTACs could degrade BCR-ABL before. As a proof of concept, some additional dasatinib-based PROTACs were then designed to degrade T315I mutant too. We provided a global PROTAC toolbox for degrading both wild-type and T315I-mutated BCR-ABL from each binding site. More importantly, these PROTACs showed better selectivity and less adverse effects than the inhibitors, indicating that PROTACs had great potential for overcoming clinical drug resistance and safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongying Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yonghui Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yueping Qiu
- Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Rao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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The Bcr-Abl inhibitor GNF-7 inhibits necroptosis and ameliorates acute kidney injury by targeting RIPK1 and RIPK3 kinases. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113947. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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7
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Tripathi R, Liu Z, Plattner R. EnABLing Tumor Growth and Progression: Recent progress in unraveling the functions of ABL kinases in solid tumor cells. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 4:367-379. [PMID: 30746323 PMCID: PMC6368175 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-018-0149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to summarize our current knowledge regarding how ABL family kinases are activated in solid tumors and impact on solid tumor development/progression, with a focus on recent advances in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Although ABL kinases are known drivers of human leukemia, emerging data also implicates the kinases in a large number of solid tumor types where they promote diverse processes such as proliferation, survival, cytoskeletal reorganization, cellular polarity, EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal-transition), metabolic reprogramming, migration, invasion and metastasis via unique signaling pathways. ABL1 and ABL2 appear to have overlapping but also unique roles in driving these processes. In some tumor types, the kinases may act to integrate pro- and anti-proliferative and -invasive signals, and also may serve as a switch during EMT/MET (mesenchymal-epithelial) transitions. CONCLUSIONS Most data indicate that targeting ABL kinases may be effective for reducing tumor growth and preventing metastasis; however, ABL kinases also may have a tumor suppressive role in some tumor types and in some cellular contexts. Understanding the functions of ABL kinases in solid tumors is critical for developing successful clinical trials aimed at targeting ABL kinases for the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakshamani Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Zulong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Rina Plattner
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
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Lu X, Zhang Z, Ren X, Wang D, Ding K. Synthesis and identification of GZD856 as an orally bioavailable Bcr-Abl T315I inhibitor overcoming acquired imatinib resistance. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:331-336. [PMID: 28260399 PMCID: PMC6010122 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1250757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bcr-AblT315I induced drug resistance remains a major challenge to chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treatment. Herein, we reported GZD856 as a novel orally bioavailable Bcr-AblT315I inhibitor, which strongly suppressed the kinase activities of both native Bcr-Abl and the T315I mutant with IC50 values of 19.9 and 15.4 nM, and potently inhibited proliferation of corresponding K562, Ba/F3WT and Ba/F3T315I cells with IC50 values of 2.2, 0.64 and 10.8 nM. Furthermore, GZD856 potently suppressed tumor growth in mouse bearing xenograft K562 and Ba/F3 cells expressing Bcr-AblT315I. Thus, GZD856 may serve as a promising lead for the development of Bcr-Abl inhibitors overcoming acquired imatinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Lu
- a School of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaomei Ren
- b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Deping Wang
- b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ke Ding
- a School of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
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Liu Y, Peng X, Guan X, Lu D, Xi Y, Jin S, Chen H, Zeng L, Ai J, Geng M, Hu Y. Discovery of novel Ponatinib analogues for reducing KDR activity as potent FGFRs inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:122-132. [PMID: 27750146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
FGF receptors (FGFRs) are tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in diverse tumors by genetic alterations such as gene amplifications, somatic mutations and translocations. Owing to this characteristic, FGFRs are attractive targets for cancer treatment. It has been demonstrated that most multi-targeted, ATP competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors are active against FGFRs as well as other kinases. The design of new and more selective inhibitors of FGFRs, which might be reduced off-target and side effects, is a difficult yet significant challenge. The results of the current investigation, show that novel Ponatinib analogues are highly active as FGFR inhibitors and that they possess reduced kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) activities. Observations made in a structure and activity relationship (SAR) investigation led to the development of a promising, orally available lead compound 4, which displays a 50-100 fold in vitro selectivity for inhibition of FGFR1-3 over KDR. In addition, biological evaluation of compound 4 showed that it displays significant antitumor activities in FGFR1-amplificated H1581 and FGFR2-amplificated SNU-16 xenograft models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xia Peng
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaocong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yong Xi
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shiyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Limin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Youhong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 ZuChongZhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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