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Jung HJ, Cho DY, Han JH, Park KD, Choi DK, Kim E, Yoon SH, Park JY. Synthesis of 1-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-3,4-diphenyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione Analogues and their Anti-inflammatory Activities in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced BV2 Cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023:129408. [PMID: 37429500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of thalidomide analogues, where the fused benzene ring in the phthalimide moiety was converted into two separated diphenyl rings in maleimide moiety and N-aminoglutarimide moiety was replaced by substituted phenyl moiety, were synthesized and evaluated for their NO inhibitory activities on BV2 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among the synthesized compounds, the dimethylaminophenyl analogue 1s (IC50 = 7.1 μM) showed significantly higher inhibitory activity than the glutarimide analogue 1a (IC50 > 50 μM) and suppressed NO production dose-dependently without cytotoxicity. In addition, 1s inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by blocking nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and p38 MAPK pathways. These results demonstrated that 1s showed good anti-inflammatory activity and could become a leading compound for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jae Jung
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Yeon Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuk Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Dong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwa Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Park
- Molecular Science and Technology Research Center, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Kiss MA, Peřina M, Bereczki L, Baji Á, Bělíček J, Jorda R, Frank É. Dihydrotestosterone-based A-ring-fused pyridines: microwave-assisted synthesis and biological evaluation in prostate cancer cells compared to structurally related quinolines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 231:106315. [PMID: 37086925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the androgen receptor (AR) signalling axis plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Steroidal and non-steroidal AR antagonists can significantly improve the survival of PCa patients by blocking the action of the endogenous ligand through binding to the hormone receptor and preventing its activation. Herein, we report two synthetic strategies, each utilizing the advantages of microwave irradiation, to modify the A-ring of natural androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with pyridine scaffolds. Treatment of DHT with appropriate Mannich salts led to 1,5-diketones, which were then converted with hydroxylamine to A-ring-fused 6'-substituted pyridines. To extend the compound library with 4',6'-disubstituted analogues, 2-arylidene derivatives of DHT were subjected to ring closure reactions according to the Kröhnke's pyridine synthesis. The crystal structure of a monosubstituted pyridine product was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. AR transcriptional activity in a reporter cell line was investigated for all novel A-ring-fused pyridines and a number of previously synthesized DHT-based quinolines were included to the biological study to obtain information about the structure-activity relationship. It was shown that several A-ring-fused quinolines acted as AR antagonists, in comparison with the dual or agonist character of the majority of A-ring-fused pyridines. Derivative 1d (A-ring-fused 6'-methoxyquinoline) was studied in detail and showed to be a low-micromolar AR antagonist (IC50 = 10.5µM), and it suppressed the viability and proliferation of AR-positive PCa cell lines. Moreover, the candidate compound blocked the AR downstream signalling, induced moderate cell-cycle arrest and showed to bind recombinant AR and to target AR in cells. The binding mode and crucial interactions were described using molecular modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton A Kiss
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miroslav Peřina
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Laura Bereczki
- Structural Research Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Baji
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jakub Bělíček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Jorda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Éva Frank
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Han F, Lu GS, Wu DP, Huang PQ. Iridium and B(C6F5)3 co-catalyzed chemoselective deoxygenative reduction of tertiary amides: application to the efficient synthesis and late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Zhai Z, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Li W. Clinical Research Progress of Small Molecule Compounds Targeting Nrf2 for Treating Inflammation-Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1564. [PMID: 36009283 PMCID: PMC9405369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have found that inflammation is a symptom of various diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA); it is also the source of other diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), lupus erythematosus (LE), and liver damage. Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is an important multifunctional transcription factor in cells and plays a central regulatory role in cellular defense mechanisms. In recent years, several studies have found a strong association between the activation of Nrf2 and the fight against inflammation-related diseases. A number of small molecule compounds targeting Nrf2 have entered clinical research. This article reviews the research status of small molecule compounds that are in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, lupus erythematosus, and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanxin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Guo J, Cheng M, Liu P, Cao D, Luo J, Wan Y, Fang Y, Jin Y, Xie SS, Liu J. A multi-target directed ligands strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Dimethyl fumarate plus Tranilast modified Dithiocarbate as AChE inhibitor and Nrf2 activator. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 242:114630. [PMID: 35987018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) possessed intricate pathogenesis. Currently, multi-targeted drugs were considered to have the potential to against AD by simultaneously triggering molecules in functionally complementary pathways. Hence, a series of molecules based on the pharmacophoric features of Dimethyl fumarate, Tranilast, and Dithiocarbate were designed and synthesized. These compounds showed significant AChE inhibitory activity in vitro. Among them, compound 4c2 displayed the mighty inhibitory activity to hAChE (IC50 = 0.053 μM) and held the ability to cross the BBB. Kinetic study and molecular docking pointed out that 4c2 bound well into the active sites of hAChE, forming steady and sturdy interactions with key residues in hAChE. Additionally, 4c2 as an Nrf2 activator could promote the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein and induce the expressions of Nrf2-dependent enzymes HO-1, NQO1, and GPX4. Moreover, 4c2 rescued BV-2 cells from H2O2-induced injury and inhibited ROS accumulation. For the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of 4c2, we observed that 4c2 could lower the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (NO, IL-6 and TNF-α) and suppressed the expressions of iNOS and COX-2. In particular, 4c2 was well tolerated in mice (2500 mg/kg, p.o.) and efficaciously recovered the memory impairment in a Scopolamine-induced mouse model. Overall, these results highlighted that 4c2 was a promising multi-targeted agent for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China; National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Maojun Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Duanyuan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Jinchong Luo
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yang Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yuanying Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Sai-Sai Xie
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.
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