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Moreno-Jiménez I, Heinig S, Heras U, Maichl DS, Strifler S, Leich E, Blouin S, Fratzl P, Fratzl-Zelman N, Jundt F, Cipitria A. 3D osteocyte lacunar morphometry of human bone biopsies with high resolution microCT: From monoclonal gammopathy to newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Bone 2024; 189:117236. [PMID: 39151745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Osteocytes are mechanosensitive, bone-embedded cells which are connected via dendrites in a lacuno-canalicular network and regulate bone resorption and formation balance. Alterations in osteocyte lacunar volume, shape and density have been identified in conditions of aging, osteoporosis and osteolytic bone metastasis, indicating patterns of impaired bone remodeling, osteolysis and disease progression. Osteolytic bone disease is a hallmark of the hematologic malignancy multiple myeloma (MM), in which monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow disrupt the bone homeostasis and induce excessive resorption at local and distant sites. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the 3D osteocyte lacunar morphometry have not yet been evaluated in MM, nor in the precursor conditions monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). In this study, we characterized the osteocyte lacunar morphology in trabecular bone of the iliac crest at the ultrastructural level using high resolution microCT in human bone biopsy samples of three MGUS, two SMM and six newly diagnosed MM. In MGUS, SMM and MM we found a trend for lower lacunar density and a shift towards larger lacunae with disease progression (higher 50 % cutoff of the lacunar volume cumulative distribution) in the small osteocyte lacunae 20-900 μm3 range compared to control samples. In the larger lacunae 900-3000 μm3 range, we detected significantly higher lacunar density and microporosity in the MM group compared to the MGUS/SMM group. Regarding the shape distribution, the MGUS/SMM group showed a trend for flatter, more elongated and anisotropic osteocyte lacunae compared to the control group. Altogether, our findings suggest that osteocytes in human MM bone disease undergo changes in their lacunae density, volume and shape, which could be an indicator for osteolysis and disease progression. Future studies are needed to understand whether alterations of the lacunae architecture affect the mechanoresponsiveness of osteocytes, and ultimately bone adaptation and fracture resistance in MM and its precursors conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Moreno-Jiménez
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Sharen Heinig
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Unai Heras
- Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Daniela Simone Maichl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Strifler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Leich
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stéphane Blouin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nadja Fratzl-Zelman
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Jundt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
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Vom Scheidt A, Krug J, Goggin P, Bakker AD, Busse B. 2D vs. 3D Evaluation of Osteocyte Lacunae - Methodological Approaches, Recommended Parameters, and Challenges: A Narrative Review by the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS). Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:396-415. [PMID: 38980532 PMCID: PMC11324773 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Quantification of the morphology of osteocyte lacunae has become a powerful tool to investigate bone metabolism, pathologies and aging. This review will provide a brief overview of 2D and 3D imaging methods for the determination of lacunar shape, orientation, density, and volume. Deviations between 2D-based and 3D-based lacunar volume estimations are often not sufficiently addressed and may give rise to contradictory findings. Thus, the systematic error arising from 2D-based estimations of lacunar volume will be discussed, and an alternative calculation proposed. Further, standardized morphological parameters and best practices for sampling and segmentation are suggested. RECENT FINDINGS We quantified the errors in reported estimation methods of lacunar volume based on 2D cross-sections, which increase with variations in lacunar orientation and histological cutting plane. The estimations of lacunar volume based on common practice in 2D imaging methods resulted in an underestimation of lacunar volume of up to 85% compared to actual lacunar volume in an artificial dataset. For a representative estimation of lacunar size and morphology based on 2D images, at least 400 lacunae should be assessed per sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Vom Scheidt
- Division of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, Graz, 8036, Austria.
| | - Johannes Krug
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestr. 55a, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Goggin
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Laboratory and Pathology Block, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Astrid Diana Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan, Amsterdam, 3004, 1081 LA, The Netherlands
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestr. 55a, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Butenfeld 34, 22529, Hamburg, Germany
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Kai X, Yuxiang Z. Improving the performance of 3D image model compression based on optimized DEFLATE algorithm. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14899. [PMID: 38942782 PMCID: PMC11213944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on optimizing and designing the Delayed-Fix-Later Awaiting Transmission Encoding (DEFLATE) algorithm to enhance its compression performance and reduce the compression time for models, specifically in the context of compressing NX three-dimensional (3D) image models. The DEFLATE algorithm, a dual-compression technique combining the LZ77 algorithm and Huffman coding, is widely employed for compressing multimedia data and 3D models. Three 3D models of varying sizes are selected as subjects for experimentation. The Wavelet algorithm, C-Bone algorithm, and DEFLATE algorithm are utilized for compression, with subsequent analysis of the compression ratio and compression time. The experimental findings demonstrate the DEFLATE algorithm's exceptional performance in compressing 3D image models. Notably, when compressing small and medium-sized 3D models, the DEFLATE algorithm exhibits significantly higher compression ratios compared to the Wavelet and C-Bone algorithms while also achieving shorter compression times. Compared to the Wavelet algorithm, the DEFLATE algorithm enhances the compression performance of 3D image models by 15% and boosts data throughput by 49%. While the compression ratio of the DEFLATE algorithm for large 3D models is comparable to that of the Wavelet and C-Bone algorithms, it notably reduces the actual compression time. Furthermore, the DEFLATE algorithm enhances data transmission reliability in NX 3D image model compression by 12.1% compared to the Wavelet algorithm. Therefore, the following conclusions are drawn: the DEFLATE algorithm serves as an excellent compression algorithm for 3D image models. It showcases significant advantages in compressing small and medium-sized models while remaining highly practical for compressing large 3D models. This study offers valuable insights for enhancing and optimizing the DEFLATE algorithm, and it serves as a valuable reference for future research on 3D image model compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Kai
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhang Yuxiang
- Zhang Yuxiang School of Microelectronics, Xian, 710126, China
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Wojdasiewicz P, Turczyn P, Lach-Gruba A, Poniatowski ŁA, Purrahman D, Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Szukiewicz D. The Role of Rosavin in the Pathophysiology of Bone Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2117. [PMID: 38396794 PMCID: PMC10889099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosavin, a phenylpropanoid in Rhodiola rosea's rhizome, and an adaptogen, is known for enhancing the body's response to environmental stress. It significantly affects cellular metabolism in health and many diseases, particularly influencing bone tissue metabolism. In vitro, rosavin inhibits osteoclastogenesis, disrupts F-actin ring formation, and reduces the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes such as cathepsin K, calcitonin receptor (CTR), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9). It also impedes the nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), c-Fos, the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and blocks phosphorylation processes crucial for bone resorption. Moreover, rosavin promotes osteogenesis and osteoblast differentiation and increases mouse runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) expression. In vivo studies show its effectiveness in enhancing bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) mice, restraining osteoclast maturation, and increasing the active osteoblast percentage in bone tissue. It modulates mRNA expressions by increasing eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2) and decreasing histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby activating osteoprotective epigenetic mechanisms, and alters many serum markers, including decreasing cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b), receptor activator for nuclear factor κ B ligand (RANKL), macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and TRAP, while increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and OCN. Additionally, when combined with zinc and probiotics, it reduces pro-osteoporotic matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP-3), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and enhances anti-osteoporotic interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) expressions. This paper aims to systematically review rosavin's impact on bone tissue metabolism, exploring its potential in osteoporosis prevention and treatment, and suggesting future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wojdasiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Paweł Turczyn
- Department of Early Arthritis, Eleonora Reicher National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Lach-Gruba
- Department of Rehabilitation, St. Anna’s Trauma Surgery Hospital, Mazovian Rehabilitation Center—STOCER, Barska 16/20, 02-315 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Łukasz A. Poniatowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Salvador-Allende-Straße 30, 17036 Neubrandenburg, Germany;
| | - Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.); (M.-R.M.-S.)
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; (D.P.); (M.-R.M.-S.)
| | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide a background on osteocytes and the primary cilium, discussing the role it plays in osteocyte mechanosensing. RECENT FINDINGS Osteocytes are thought to be the primary mechanosensing cells in bone tissue, regulating bone adaptation in response to exercise, with the primary cilium suggested to be a key mechanosensing mechanism in bone. More recent work has suggested that, rather than being direct mechanosensors themselves, primary cilia in bone may instead form a key chemo-signalling nexus for processing mechanoregulated signalling pathways. Recent evidence suggests that pharmacologically induced lengthening of the primary cilium in osteocytes may potentiate greater mechanotransduction, rather than greater mechanosensing. While more research is required to delineate the specific osteocyte mechanobiological molecular mechanisms governed by the primary cilium, it is clear from the literature that the primary cilium has significant potential as a therapeutic target to treat mechanoregulated bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan W Verbruggen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Anuphan Sittichokechaiwut
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Gwendolen C Reilly
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Kroto Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Emini L, Salbach‐Hirsch J, Krug J, Jähn‐Rickert K, Busse B, Rauner M, Hofbauer LC. Utility and Limitations of TALLYHO/JngJ as a Model for Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Bone Disease. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10843. [PMID: 38130754 PMCID: PMC10731141 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases risk of fractures due to bone microstructural and material deficits, though the mechanisms remain unclear. Preclinical models mimicking diabetic bone disease are required to further understand its pathogenesis. The TALLYHO/JngJ (TH) mouse is a polygenic model recapitulating adolescent-onset T2DM in humans. Due to incomplete penetrance of the phenotype ~25% of male TH mice never develop hyperglycemia, providing a strain-matched nondiabetic control. We performed a comprehensive characterization of the metabolic and skeletal phenotype of diabetic TH mice and compared them to either their nondiabetic TH controls or the recommended SWR/J controls to evaluate their suitability to study diabetic bone disease in humans. Compared to both controls, male TH mice with T2DM exhibited higher blood glucose levels, weight along with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. TH mice with/without T2DM displayed higher cortical bone parameters and lower trabecular bone parameters in the femurs and vertebrae compared to SWR/J. The mechanical properties remained unchanged for all three groups except for a low-energy failure in TH mice with T2DM only compared to SWR/J. Histomorphometry analyses only revealed higher number of osteoclasts and osteocytes for SWR/J compared to both groups of TH. Bone turnover markers procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were low for both groups of TH mice compared to SWR/J. Silver nitrate staining of the femurs revealed low number of osteocyte lacunar and dendrites in TH mice with T2DM. Three-dimensional assessment showed reduced lacunar parameters in trabecular and cortical bone. Notably, osteocyte morphology changed in TH mice with T2DM compared to SWR/J. In summary, our study highlights the utility of the TH mouse to study T2DM, but not necessarily T2DM-induced bone disease, as there were no differences in bone strength and bone cell parameters between diabetic and non-diabetic TH mice. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejla Emini
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy AgingTechnische Universität Dresden Medical CenterDresdenGermany
| | - Juliane Salbach‐Hirsch
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy AgingTechnische Universität Dresden Medical CenterDresdenGermany
| | - Johannes Krug
- Department of Osteology and BiomechanicsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Katharina Jähn‐Rickert
- Department of Osteology and BiomechanicsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HamburgUniversity Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and BiomechanicsUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HamburgUniversity Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Interdisciplinary Competence Center for Interface Research (ICCIR)University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf (UKE)HamburgGermany
| | - Martina Rauner
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy AgingTechnische Universität Dresden Medical CenterDresdenGermany
| | - Lorenz C. Hofbauer
- Department of Medicine III and Center for Healthy AgingTechnische Universität Dresden Medical CenterDresdenGermany
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Zanner S, Goff E, Ghatan S, Wölfel EM, Ejersted C, Kuhn G, Müller R, Frost M. Microvascular Disease Associates with Larger Osteocyte Lacunae in Cortical Bone in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10832. [PMID: 38025042 PMCID: PMC10652180 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies indicate that microvascular disease (MVD) affects bone microstructure and decreases bone strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Osteocytes are housed in small voids within the bone matrix and lacunae and act as sensors of mechanical forces in bone. These cells regulate osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation as well as osteocytic perilacunar remodeling. We hypothesized that MVD changes morphometric osteocyte lacunar parameters in individuals with T2D. We collected iliac crest bone biopsies from 35 individuals (10 female, 25 male) with T2D with MVD (15%) or without MVD (21%) with a median age of 67 years (interquartile range [IQR] 62-72 years). The participants were included based on c-peptide levels >700 pmol L-1, absence of anti-GAD65 antibodies, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels between 40 and 82 mmol mol-1 or 5.8% and 9.7%, respectively. We assessed osteocyte lacunar morphometric parameters in trabecular and cortical bone regions using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at a nominal resolution of 1.2 μm voxel size. The cortical osteocyte lacunar volume (Lc.V) was 7.7% larger (p = 0.05) and more spherical (Lc.Sr, p < 0.01) in the T2D + MVD group. Using linear regression, we found that lacunar density (Lc.N/BV) in trabecular but not cortical bone was associated with HbA1c (p < 0.05, R 2 = 0.067) independently of MVD. Furthermore, Lc.V was larger and Lc.Sr higher in the center than in the periphery of the trabecular and cortical bone regions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these data imply that MVD may impair skeletal integrity, possibly contributing to increased skeletal fragility in T2D complicated by MVD. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zanner
- Molecular Endocrinology Department, Department MOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical InstituteUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Elliott Goff
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Samuel Ghatan
- Department of Internal MedicineErasmus MC University—Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eva Maria Wölfel
- Molecular Endocrinology Department, Department MOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | | | - Gisela Kuhn
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Morten Frost
- Molecular Endocrinology Department, Department MOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
- Clinical InstituteUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
- Steno Diabetes Centre OdenseOUHOdenseDenmark
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8
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Buccino F, Zagra L, Longo E, D'Amico L, Banfi G, Berto F, Tromba G, Vergani LM. Osteoporosis and Covid-19: Detected similarities in bone lacunar-level alterations via combined AI and advanced synchrotron testing. MATERIALS & DESIGN 2023; 231:112087. [PMID: 37323219 PMCID: PMC10257887 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
While advanced imaging strategies have improved the diagnosis of bone-related pathologies, early signs of bone alterations remain difficult to detect. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought attention to the need for a better understanding of bone micro-scale toughening and weakening phenomena. This study used an artificial intelligence-based tool to automatically investigate and validate four clinical hypotheses by examining osteocyte lacunae on a large scale with synchrotron image-guided failure assessment. The findings indicate that trabecular bone features exhibit intrinsic variability related to external loading, micro-scale bone characteristics affect fracture initiation and propagation, osteoporosis signs can be detected at the micro-scale through changes in osteocyte lacunar features, and Covid-19 worsens micro-scale porosities in a statistically significant manner similar to the osteoporotic condition. Incorporating these findings with existing clinical and diagnostic tools could prevent micro-scale damages from progressing into critical fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Buccino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Luigi Zagra
- I.R.C.C.S Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, Milano 20157, Italy
| | - Elena Longo
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D'Amico
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- I.R.C.C.S Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, Milano 20157, Italy
| | - Filippo Berto
- Università La Sapienza, Rome 00185, Italy
- NTNU, Norway
| | - Giuliana Tromba
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
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9
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Hasegawa H, Nango N, Machida M. Evaluation of Trabecular Microstructure of Cancellous Bone Using Quarter-Detector Computed Tomography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071240. [PMID: 37046458 PMCID: PMC10093188 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quarter-detector computed tomography (QDCT) is an ultra-high-spatial-resolution imaging technique. This study aimed to verify the validity of trabecular structure evaluation using a QDCT scanner in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. We used a cancellous bone specimen image of the second lumbar vertebrae of an adult male with moderate osteoporosis. To obtain QDCT images, we created a three-dimensional model from micro-CT images of the specimen. Statistical analysis was performed on the relationship between micro-CT and QDCT imaging modalities. The differences between micro-CT and QDCT were assessed based on their significance with respect to the calculated mean measurements using the Mann–Whitney test. Single regression analysis was performed using linear regression, with micro-CT and QDCT as the explanatory and objective variables, respectively, to determine the relationship of the measured values between the two modalities. By applying the necessary correction to the micro-CT measured values, it is possible to perform an analysis equivalent to micro-CT, which offers higher spatial resolution than QDCT. We found evidence that if QDCT can be used, trabecular structure evaluation may contribute to image diagnosis to evaluate practical bone fragility.
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10
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Buccino F, Cervellera F, Ghidini M, Marini R, Bagherifard S, Vergani LM. Isolating the Role of Bone Lacunar Morphology on Static and Fatigue Fracture Progression through Numerical Simulations. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1931. [PMID: 36903046 PMCID: PMC10004234 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the onset of bone damage and the interaction of cracks with the surrounding micro-architecture are still black boxes. With the motivation to address this issue, our research targets isolating lacunar morphological and densitometric effects on crack advancement under both static and cyclic loading conditions by implementing static extended finite element models (XFEM) and fatigue analyses. The effect of lacunar pathological alterations on damage initiation and progression is evaluated; the results indicate that high lacunar density considerably reduces the mechanical strength of the specimens, resulting as the most influencing parameter among the studied ones. Lacunar size has a lower effect on mechanical strength, reducing it by 2%. Additionally, specific lacunar alignments play a key role in deviating the crack path, eventually slowing its progression. This could shed some light on evaluating the effects of lacunar alterations on fracture evolution in the presence of pathologies.
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11
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Blouin S, Misof BM, Mähr M, Fratzl-Zelman N, Roschger P, Lueger S, Messmer P, Keplinger P, Rauch F, Glorieux FH, Berzlanovich A, Gruber GM, Brugger PC, Shane E, Recker RR, Zwerina J, Hartmann MA. Osteocyte lacunae in transiliac bone biopsy samples across life span. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:275-287. [PMID: 36549635 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes act as bone mechanosensors, regulators of osteoblast/osteoclast activity and mineral homeostasis, however, knowledge about their functional/morphological changes throughout life is limited. We used quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI) to investigate osteocyte lacunae sections (OLS) as a 2D-surrogate characterizing the osteocytes. OLS characteristics, the density of mineralized osteocyte lacunae (i.e., micropetrotic osteocytes, md.OLS-Density in nb/mm2) and the average degree of mineralization (CaMean in weight% calcium) of cortex and spongiosa were analyzed in transiliac biopsy samples from healthy individuals under 30 (n=59) and over 30 years (n=50) (i.e., before and after the age of peak bone mass, respectively). We found several differences in OLS-characteristics: 1). Inter-individually between the age groups: OLS-Density and OLS-Porosity were reduced by about 20% in older individuals in spongiosa and in cortex versus younger probands (both, p < 0.001). 2). Intra-individually between bone compartments: OLS-Density was higher in the cortex, +18.4%, p < 0.001 for younger and +7.6%, p < 0.05 for older individuals. Strikingly, the most frequent OLS nearest-neighbor distance was about 30 µm in both age groups and at both bone sites revealing a preferential organization of osteocytes in clusters. OLS-Density was negatively correlated with CaMean in both spongiosa and cortex (both, p < 0.001). Few mineralized OLS were found in young individuals along with an increase of md.OLS-Density with age. In summary, this transiliac bone sample analysis of 200000 OLS from 109 healthy individuals throughout lifespan reveals several age-related differences in OLS characteristics. Moreover, our study provides reference data from healthy individuals for different ages to be used for diagnosis of bone abnormalities in diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Osteocytes are bone cells embedded in lacunae within the mineralized bone matrix and have a key role in the bone metabolism and the mineral homeostasis. Not easily accessible, we used quantitative backscattered electron imaging to determine precisely number and shape descriptors of the osteocyte lacunae in 2D. We analyzed transiliac biopsy samples from 109 individuals with age distributed from 2 to 95 years. Compact cortical bone showed constantly higher lacunar density than cancellous bone but the lacunar density in both bone tissue decreased with age before the peak bone mass age at 30 years and stabilized or even increased after this age. This extensive study provides osteocyte lacunae reference data from healthy individuals usable for bone pathology diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Blouin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Barbara M Misof
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Mähr
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Fratzl-Zelman
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Roschger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Lueger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Phaedra Messmer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Keplinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank Rauch
- Shriners Hospital for Children and McGill University, Montreal, ON QC, H4A 0A9, Canada
| | - Francis H Glorieux
- Shriners Hospital for Children and McGill University, Montreal, ON QC, H4A 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrea Berzlanovich
- Unit of Forensic Gerontology, Center of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerlinde M Gruber
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Peter C Brugger
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elizabeth Shane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert R Recker
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jochen Zwerina
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus A Hartmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria & Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
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Yang KG, Goff E, Cheng KL, Kuhn GA, Wang Y, Cheng JCY, Qiu Y, Müller R, Lee WYW. Abnormal morphological features of osteocyte lacunae in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A large-scale assessment by ultra-high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Bone 2023; 166:116594. [PMID: 36341948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Abnormal osteocyte lacunar morphology in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has been reported while the results were limited by the number of osteocyte lacunae being quantified. The present study aimed to validate previous findings through (a) comparing morphological features of osteocyte lacunae between AIS patients and controls in spine and ilium using a large-scale assessment, and (b) investigating whether there is an association between the acquired morphological features of osteocyte lacunae and disease severity in AIS. METHOD Trabecular bone tissue of the facet joint of human vertebrae on both concave and convex sides at the apex of the scoliotic curve were collected from 4 AIS and 5 congenital scoliosis (CS) patients, and also at the same anatomic site from 3 non-scoliosis (NS) subjects intraoperatively. Trabecular bone tissue from ilium was obtained from 12 AIS vs 9 NS subjects during surgery. Osteocyte lacunae were assessed using ultra-high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Clinical information such as age, body mass index (BMI) and radiological Cobb angle of the major curve were collected. RESULTS There was no significant difference between density of osteocyte lacuna and bone volume fraction (BV/TV) between groups. A total of 230,076 and 78,758 osteocyte lacunae from facet joints of apical vertebra of scoliotic curve and iliac bone were included in the analysis, respectively. In facet joint bone biopsies, lacunar stretch (Lc.St) was higher, and lacunar equancy (Lc.Eq), lacunar oblateness (Lc.Ob), and lacunar sphericity (Lc.Sr) were lower in AIS and CS groups when compared with NS group. CA side was associated with higher Lc.St when compared with CX side. In iliac bone biopsies, Lc.Ob was higher and lacunar surface area (Lc.S) was lower in AIS group than NS group. Median values of Lc.St, Lc.Eq and Lc.Sr were significantly associated with radiological Cobb angle with adjustment for age and BMI (R-squared: 0.576, 0.558 and 0.543, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This large-scale assessment of osteocyte lacunae confirms that AIS osteocyte lacunae are more oblate in iliac bone that is less influenced by asymmetric loading of the deformed spine than the vertebrae. Shape of osteocyte lacunae in iliac bone is associated with radiological Cobb angle of the major curve in AIS patients, suggesting the likelihood of systemic abnormal osteocyte morphology in AIS. Osteocyte lacunae from concave side of scoliotic curves were more stretched in both AIS and CS groups, which is likely secondary to asymmetric mechanical loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Guangpu Yang
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elliott Goff
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ka-Lo Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gisela A Kuhn
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yujia Wang
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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