1
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Towards rainbow portable Cytophone with laser diodes for global disease diagnostics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8671. [PMID: 35606373 PMCID: PMC9126638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo, Cytophone has demonstrated the capability for the early diagnosis of cancer, infection, and cardiovascular disorders through photoacoustic detection of circulating disease markers directly in the bloodstream with an unprecedented 1,000-fold improvement in sensitivity. Nevertheless, a Cytophone with higher specificity and portability is urgently needed. Here, we introduce a novel Cytophone platform that integrates a miniature multispectral laser diode array, time-color coding, and high-speed time-resolved signal processing. Using two-color (808 nm/915 nm) laser diodes, we demonstrated spectral identification of white and red clots, melanoma cells, and hemozoin in malaria-infected erythrocytes against a blood background and artifacts. Data from a Plasmodium yoelii murine model and cultured human P. falciparum were verified in vitro with confocal photothermal and fluorescent microscopy. With these techniques, we detected infected cells within 4 h after invasion, which makes hemozoin promising as a spectrally selective marker at the earliest stages of malaria progression. Along with the findings from our previous application of Cytophone with conventional lasers for the diagnosis of melanoma, bacteremia, sickle anemia, thrombosis, stroke, and abnormal hemoglobin forms, this current finding suggests the potential for the development of a portable rainbow Cytophone with multispectral laser diodes for the identification of these and other diseases.
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2
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Label-free photothermal disruption of cytotoxic aggregates rescues pathology in a C. elegans model of Huntington's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19732. [PMID: 34611196 PMCID: PMC8492664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of proteins is a prominent hallmark of virtually all neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases. Little progress has been made in their treatment to slow or prevent the formation of aggregates by post-translational modification and regulation of cellular responses to misfolded proteins. Here, we introduce a label-free, laser-based photothermal treatment of polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregates in a C. elegans nematode model of huntingtin-like polyQ aggregation. As a proof of principle, we demonstrated that nanosecond laser pulse-induced local photothermal heating can directly disrupt the aggregates so as to delay their accumulation, maintain motility, and extend the lifespan of treated nematodes. These beneficial effects were validated by confocal photothermal, fluorescence, and video imaging. The results obtained demonstrate that our theranostics platform, integrating photothermal therapy without drugs or other chemicals, combined with advanced imaging to monitor photothermal ablation of aggregates, initiates systemic recovery and thus validates the concept of aggregate-disruption treatments for neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
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3
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Adhikari S, Spaeth P, Kar A, Baaske MD, Khatua S, Orrit M. Photothermal Microscopy: Imaging the Optical Absorption of Single Nanoparticles and Single Molecules. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16414-16445. [PMID: 33216527 PMCID: PMC7760091 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The photothermal (PT) signal arises from slight changes of the index of refraction in a sample due to absorption of a heating light beam. Refractive index changes are measured with a second probing beam, usually of a different color. In the past two decades, this all-optical detection method has reached the sensitivity of single particles and single molecules, which gave birth to original applications in material science and biology. PT microscopy enables shot-noise-limited detection of individual nanoabsorbers among strong scatterers and circumvents many of the limitations of fluorescence-based detection. This review describes the theoretical basis of PT microscopy, the methodological developments that improved its sensitivity toward single-nanoparticle and single-molecule imaging, and a vast number of applications to single-nanoparticle imaging and tracking in material science and in cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ashish Kar
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Martin Dieter Baaske
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saumyakanti Khatua
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Darrigues E, Nima ZA, Nedosekin DA, Watanabe F, Alghazali KM, Zharov VP, Biris AS. Tracking Gold Nanorods' Interaction with Large 3D Pancreatic-Stromal Tumor Spheroids by Multimodal Imaging: Fluorescence, Photoacoustic, and Photothermal Microscopies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3362. [PMID: 32099027 PMCID: PMC7042370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most complex types of cancers to detect, diagnose, and treat. However, the field of nanomedicine has strong potential to address such challenges. When evaluating the diffusion and penetration of theranostic nanoparticles, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is of crucial importance because it acts as a barrier to the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, the penetration of functionalized, fluorescent gold nanorods into large (>500 μm) multicellular 3D tissue spheroids was studied using a multimodal imaging approach. The spheroids were generated by co-culturing pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells in multiple ratios to mimic variable tumor-stromal compositions and to investigate nanoparticle penetration. Fluorescence live imaging, photothermal, and photoacoustic analysis were utilized to examine nanoparticle behavior in the spheroids. Uniquely, the nanorods are intrinsically photoacoustic and photothermal, enabling multi-imaging detection even when fluorescence tracking is not possible or ideal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Darrigues
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA.
| | - Zeid A Nima
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Dmitry A Nedosekin
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Fumiya Watanabe
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Karrer M Alghazali
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Vladimir P Zharov
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Alexandru S Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA.
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5
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Miyazaki J, Toumon Y. Label-free dynamic imaging of mitochondria and lysosomes within living cells via simultaneous dual-pump photothermal microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5852-5861. [PMID: 31799051 PMCID: PMC6865103 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic activities of mitochondria and lysosomes, which play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, were observed without labeling by using highly sensitive photothermal (PT) microscopy. This imaging modality allows for the direct observation of cellular organelles that contain endogenous chromophores, with high temporal and spatial resolution. We identified mitochondria and lysosomes inside living mammalian cells via simultaneous dual-color imaging. Moreover, dynamic imaging revealed that the lysosomes make contact with mitochondria and move between sites within the dynamic mitochondrial network. Since mitochondrial and lysosomal functions are intricately connected, PT microscopy should provide in-depth understanding of cellular functions associated with mitochondria-lysosome communication as well as insights into various human diseases caused by dysfunction of these organelles.
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6
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Usoltseva LO, Volkov DS, Nedosekin DA, Korobov MV, Proskurnin MA, Zharov VP. Absorption spectra of nanodiamond aqueous dispersions by optical absorption and optoacoustic spectroscopies. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2018; 12:55-66. [PMID: 30450280 PMCID: PMC6222039 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The multispectral modality and technique for optically dense samples of optoacoustic spectroscopy were applied to measure spectra and high absorbances of concentrated aqueous dispersions of undoped nanodiamonds. The data from optoacoustic and optical transmission measurements and DSC data of the mean particle size by the Gibbs-Kelvin equation are compared to estimate the difference in composition of various nanodiamond trademarks. Optoacoustic spectra confirm the contribution of surface dimer chains into the absorption of nanodiamonds in the long wavelength range. Optoacoustic and conventional absorption spectra of aqueous solutions of nanodiamond fractions after centrifugation (15300g) and ultracentrifugation (130000g) revealed a separation of a highly absorbing non-diamond sp2 phase. The two-step separation by ultracentrifugation followed by extra centrifugation made it possible to isolate a highly absorbing and soluble nanodiamond phase with the particle size of 3.6 nm, showing a change in spectra compared to the starting nanodiamond material.
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Affiliation(s)
- L O Usoltseva
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - D S Volkov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - D A Nedosekin
- Philips Classic Laser Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
| | - M V Korobov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M A Proskurnin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V P Zharov
- Philips Classic Laser Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
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7
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Galimova VR, Liu M, Franko M, Volkov DS, Hibara A, Proskurnin MA. Hemichrome Determination by Thermal Lensing with Polyethylene Glycols for Signal Enhancement in Aqueous Solutions. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1391828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya R. Galimova
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Mingqiang Liu
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Mladen Franko
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Dmitry S. Volkov
- Chemistry Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Akihide Hibara
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Material (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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8
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Tomimatsu T, Miyazaki J, Kano Y, Kobayashi T. Photothermal imaging of skeletal muscle mitochondria. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:2965-2975. [PMID: 28663919 PMCID: PMC5480442 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The morphology and topology of mitochondria provide useful information about the physiological function of skeletal muscle. Previous studies of skeletal muscle mitochondria are based on observation with transmission, scanning electron microscopy or fluorescence microscopy. In contrast, photothermal (PT) microscopy has advantages over the above commonly used microscopic techniques because of no requirement for complex sample preparation by fixation or fluorescent-dye staining. Here, we employed the PT technique using a simple diode laser to visualize skeletal muscle mitochondria in unstained and stained tissues. The fine mitochondrial network structures in muscle fibers could be imaged with the PT imaging system, even in unstained tissues. PT imaging of tissues stained with toluidine blue revealed the structures of subsarcolemmal (SS) and intermyofibrillar (IMF) mitochondria and the swelling behavior of mitochondria in damaged muscle fibers with sufficient image quality. PT image analyses based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) were performed to derive the characteristic size of mitochondria and to discriminate the image patterns of normal and damaged fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tomimatsu
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Jun Miyazaki
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kobayashi
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
- Brain Science Inspired Life Support Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsinchu Rd., Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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9
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Domingue SR, Bartels RA, Chicco AJ, Wilson JW. Transient absorption imaging of hemes with 2-color, independently tunable visible-wavelength ultrafast source. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:2807-2821. [PMID: 28663908 PMCID: PMC5480431 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pump probe microscopy is a time-resolved multiphoton imaging technique capable of generating contrast between non-fluorescent pigments based on differences in excited-state lifetimes. Here we describe a fiber-based ultrafast system designed for imaging heme proteins with an independently-tunable pulse pair in the visible-wavelength regime. Starting with a 1060 nm fiber amplifier (1.3 W at 63 MHz, 140 fs pulses), visible pulses were produced in the vicinity of 488 nm and 532 nm by doubling the output of a short photonic crystal fiber with a pair of periodically-poled lithium niobate crystals, providing 5-20 mW power in each beam. This was sufficient for acquiring transient absorption images from unstained cryosectioned tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Domingue
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
- Current affiliation: KMLabs, Boulder, CO,
USA
| | - Randy A. Bartels
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
| | - Adam J. Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
| | - Jesse W. Wilson
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, USA
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10
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Photothermal Microscopy for High Sensitivity and High Resolution Absorption Contrast Imaging of Biological Tissues. PHOTONICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics4020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry for Single Sickle Cell Detection In Vitro and In Vivo. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2016; 2016:2642361. [PMID: 27699143 PMCID: PMC5028878 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2642361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of sickle cell disease (SCD) stage and treatment efficiency are still time-consuming which makes well-timed prevention of SCD crisis difficult. We show here that in vivo photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry (PAFC) has a potential for real-time monitoring of circulating sickled cells in mouse model. In vivo data were verified by in vitro PAFC and photothermal (PT) and PA spectral imaging of sickle red blood cells (sRBCs) expressing SCD-associated hemoglobin (HbS) compared to normal red blood cells (nRBCs). We discovered that PT and PA signal amplitudes from sRBCs in linear mode were 2–4-fold lower than those from nRBCs. PT and PA imaging revealed more profound spatial hemoglobin heterogeneity in sRBCs than in nRBCs, which can be associated with the presence of HbS clusters with high local absorption. This hypothesis was confirmed in nonlinear mode through nanobubble formation around overheated HbS clusters accompanied by spatially selective signal amplification. More profound differences in absorption of sRBCs than in nRBCs led to notable increase in PA signal fluctuation (fluctuation PAFC mode) as an indicator of SCD. The obtained data suggest that noninvasive label-free fluctuation PAFC has a potential for real-time enumeration of sRBCs both in vitro and in vivo.
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12
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Miyazaki J, Iida T, Tanaka S, Hayashi-Takagi A, Kasai H, Okabe S, Kobayashi T. Fast 3D visualization of endogenous brain signals with high-sensitivity laser scanning photothermal microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:1702-10. [PMID: 27231615 PMCID: PMC4871075 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A fast, high-sensitivity photothermal microscope was developed by implementing a spatially segmented balanced detection scheme into a laser scanning microscope. We confirmed a 4.9 times improvement in signal-to-noise ratio in the spatially segmented balanced detection compared with that of conventional detection. The system demonstrated simultaneous bi-modal photothermal and confocal fluorescence imaging of transgenic mouse brain tissue with a pixel dwell time of 20 μs. The fluorescence image visualized neurons expressing yellow fluorescence proteins, while the photothermal signal detected endogenous chromophores in the mouse brain, allowing 3D visualization of the distribution of various features such as blood cells and fine structures probably due to lipids. This imaging modality was constructed using compact and cost-effective laser diodes, and will thus be widely useful in the life and medical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Miyazaki
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
- JST, CREST, K’ Gobancho, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Tadatsune Iida
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akiko Hayashi-Takagi
- Department of Structural Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruo Kasai
- JST, CREST, K’ Gobancho, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Department of Structural Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeo Okabe
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kobayashi
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
- JST, CREST, K’ Gobancho, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan
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13
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Quérard J, Le Saux T, Gautier A, Alcor D, Croquette V, Lemarchand A, Gosse C, Jullien L. Kinetics of Reactive Modules Adds Discriminative Dimensions for Selective Cell Imaging. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1396-413. [PMID: 26833808 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Living cells are chemical mixtures of exceptional interest and significance, whose investigation requires the development of powerful analytical tools fulfilling the demanding constraints resulting from their singular features. In particular, multiplexed observation of a large number of molecular targets with high spatiotemporal resolution appears highly desirable. One attractive road to address this analytical challenge relies on engaging the targets in reactions and exploiting the rich kinetic signature of the resulting reactive module, which originates from its topology and its rate constants. This review explores the various facets of this promising strategy. We first emphasize the singularity of the content of a living cell as a chemical mixture and suggest that its multiplexed observation is significant and timely. Then, we show that exploiting the kinetics of analytical processes is relevant to selectively detect a given analyte: upon perturbing the system, the kinetic window associated to response read-out has to be matched with that of the targeted reactive module. Eventually, we introduce the state-of-the-art of cell imaging exploiting protocols based on reaction kinetics and draw some promising perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Quérard
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Thomas Le Saux
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Damien Alcor
- INSERM U1065, C3M; 151 route Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194 F-06204 Nice Cedex 3 France
| | - Vincent Croquette
- Ecole Normale Supérieure; Département de Physique and Département de Biologie, Laboratoire de Physique Statistique UMR CNRS-ENS 8550; 24 rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
| | - Annie Lemarchand
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée; 4 place Jussieu, case courrier 121 75252 Paris cedex 05 France
- CNRS, UMR 7600 LPTMC; 75005 Paris France
| | - Charlie Gosse
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, LPN-CNRS; route de Nozay 91460 Marcoussis France
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University; Département de Chimie; 24, rue Lhomond F-75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06, PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
- CNRS, UMR 8640 PASTEUR; F-75005 Paris France
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14
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Miyazaki J, Tsurui H, Kobayashi T. Reduction of distortion in photothermal microscopy and its application to the high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of nonfluorescent tissues. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:3217-24. [PMID: 26417494 PMCID: PMC4574650 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.003217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A scheme for reducing image distortion in photothermal microscopy is presented. In photothermal microscopy, the signal shape exhibits twin peaks corresponding to the focusing or defocusing of the probe beam when a sample is scanned in the axial direction. This causes a distortion when imaging a structured sample in the axial plane. Here, we demonstrate that image distortion caused by the twin peaks is effectively suppressed by providing a small offset between two the focal planes of the pump and the probe beams. Experimental results demonstrate improvement in resolution, especially in the axial direction, over conventional optical microscopy-even with the focal offset. When a dry objective lens with a numerical aperture of 0.95 is used, the full width at half the maximum of the axial point spread function is 0.6 μm, which is 50% (62%) smaller than the focal spot sizes of the pump (probe) beam. Herein, we present high-resolution three-dimensional imaging of thick biological tissues based on the present scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Miyazaki
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
- JST, CREST, K’ Gobancho, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Tsurui
- Department of Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kobayashi
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
- JST, CREST, K’ Gobancho, 7, Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan
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15
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Nedosekin DA, Foster S, Nima ZA, Biris AS, Galanzha EI, Zharov VP. Photothermal confocal multicolor microscopy of nanoparticles and nanodrugs in live cells. Drug Metab Rev 2015; 47:346-55. [PMID: 26133539 PMCID: PMC5841921 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2015.1058818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing biomedical applications of non-fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) for molecular imaging, disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and theranostics require new tools for real-time detection of nanomaterials, drug nano-carriers, and NP-drug conjugates (nanodrugs) in complex biological environments without additional labeling. Photothermal (PT) microscopy (PTM) has enormous potential for absorption-based identification and quantification of non-fluorescent molecules and NPs at a single molecule and 1.4 nm gold NP level. Recently, we have developed confocal PTM providing three-dimensional (3D) mapping and spectral identification of multiple chromophores and fluorophores in live cells. Here, we summarize recent advances in the application of confocal multicolor PTM for 3D visualization of single and clustered NPs, alone and in individual cells. In particular, we demonstrate identification of functionalized magnetic and gold-silver NPs, as well as graphene and carbon nanotubes in cancer cells and among blood cells. The potential to use PTM for super-resolution imaging (down to 50 nm), real-time NP tracking, guidance of PT nanotherapy, and multiplex cancer markers targeting, as well as analysis of non-linear PT phenomena and amplification of nanodrug efficacy through NP clustering and nano-bubble formation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Nedosekin
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Stephen Foster
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Zeid A. Nima
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, USA
| | - Alexandru S. Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, USA
| | - Ekaterina I. Galanzha
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. Little Rock, AR 72205
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St. Little Rock, AR 72205
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16
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Proskurnin MA, Volkov DS, Gor’kova TA, Bendrysheva SN, Smirnova AP, Nedosekin DA. Advances in thermal lens spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815030168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Wilson JW, Park JK, Warren WS, Fischer MC. Flexible digital signal processing architecture for narrowband and spread-spectrum lock-in detection in multiphoton microscopy and time-resolved spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:033707. [PMID: 25832238 PMCID: PMC4385102 DOI: 10.1063/1.4916261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The lock-in amplifier is a critical component in many different types of experiments, because of its ability to reduce spurious or environmental noise components by restricting detection to a single frequency and phase. One example application is pump-probe microscopy, a multiphoton technique that leverages excited-state dynamics for imaging contrast. With this application in mind, we present here the design and implementation of a high-speed lock-in amplifier on the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) coprocessor of a data acquisition board. The most important advantage is the inherent ability to filter signals based on more complex modulation patterns. As an example, we use the flexibility of the FPGA approach to enable a novel pump-probe detection scheme based on spread-spectrum communications techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse W Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Jong Kang Park
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Martin C Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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18
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Galanzha EI, Nedosekin DA, Sarimollaoglu M, Orza AI, Biris AS, Verkhusha VV, Zharov VP. Photoacoustic and photothermal cytometry using photoswitchable proteins and nanoparticles with ultrasharp resonances. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:81-93. [PMID: 24259123 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (PSFPs) with controllable spectral shifts in emission in response to light have led to breakthroughs in cell biology. Conventional photoswitching, however, is not applicable to weakly fluorescent proteins. As an alternative, photothermal (PT) and photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy have demonstrated a tremendous potential for studying absorbing nonfluorescent proteins and nanoparticles. However, little progress has been made in the development of switchable PT and PA probes with controllable spectral shifts in absorption. Here, we introduce the concept of photothermally switchable nanoparticles (PTSNs). To prove the concept, we demonstrated fast, reversible magnetic-PT switching of conventional and gold-coated magnetic nanoparticle clusters in cancer cells in vitro and PT switching of nonlinear ultrasharp plasmonic resonances in gold nanorods molecularly targeted to circulating cells in vivo. We showed that genetically encoded PSFPs with relatively slow switching can serve as triple-modal fluorescent, PT, and PA probes under static conditions, while PTSNs with ultrafast switching may provide higher PA sensitivity in the near-infrared window of tissue transparency under dynamic flow conditions. Application of nonlinear phenomena for super-resolution spectral PT and PA cytometry, microscopy, and spectral burning beyond the diffraction and spectral limits are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I Galanzha
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot #543, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
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19
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Mertiri A, Altug H, Hong MK, Mehta P, Mertz J, Ziegler L, Erramilli S. Nonlinear Midinfrared Photothermal Spectroscopy Using Zharov Splitting and Quantum Cascade Lasers. ACS PHOTONICS 2014; 1:696-702. [PMID: 25541620 PMCID: PMC4270413 DOI: 10.1021/ph500114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on the mid-infrared nonlinear photothermal spectrum of the neat liquid crystal 4-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) using a tunable Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL). The nonequilibrium steady state characterized by the nonlinear photothermal infrared response undergoes a supercritical bifurcation. The bifurcation, observed in heterodyne two-color pump-probe detection, leads to ultrasharp nonlinear infrared spectra similar to those reported in the visible region. A systematic study of the peak splitting as a function of absorbed infrared power shows the bifurcation has a critical exponent of 0.5. The observation of an apparently universal critical exponent in a nonequilibrium state is explained using an analytical model analogous of mean field theory. Apart from the intrinsic interest for nonequilibrium studies, nonlinear photothermal methods lead to a dramatic narrowing of spectral lines, giving rise to a potential new contrast mechanism for the rapidly emerging new field of mid-infrared microspectroscopy using QCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alket Mertiri
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Hatice Altug
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department
of BioEngineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale
De Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Mi K. Hong
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Pankaj Mehta
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jerome Mertz
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Lawrence
D. Ziegler
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Shyamsunder Erramilli
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Photonics Center, Department of Electrical
and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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20
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Danielli A, Maslov K, Garcia-Uribe A, Winkler AM, Li C, Wang L, Chen Y, Dorn GW, Wang LV. Label-free photoacoustic nanoscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:086006. [PMID: 25104412 PMCID: PMC4125341 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.8.086006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution microscopy techniques - capable of overcoming the diffraction limit of light - have opened new opportunities to explore subcellular structures and dynamics not resolvable in conventional far-field microscopy. However, relying on staining with exogenous fluorescent markers, these techniques can sometimes introduce undesired artifacts to the image, mainly due to large tagging agent sizes and insufficient or variable labeling densities. By contrast, the use of endogenous pigments allows imaging of the intrinsic structures of biological samples with unaltered molecular constituents. Here, we report label-free photoacoustic (PA) nanoscopy, which is exquisitely sensitive to optical absorption, with an 88 nm resolution. At each scanning position, multiple PA signals are successively excited with increasing laser pulse energy. Because of optical saturation or nonlinear thermal expansion, the PA amplitude depends on the nonlinear incident optical fluence. The high-order dependence, quantified by polynomial fitting, provides super-resolution imaging with optical sectioning. PA nanoscopy is capable of super-resolution imaging of either fluorescent or nonfluorescent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Danielli
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Konstantin Maslov
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Uribe
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Amy M. Winkler
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Chiye Li
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Lidai Wang
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Yun Chen
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Gerald W. Dorn
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Lihong V. Wang, E-mail:
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21
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Foster SR, Galanzha EI, Totten DC, Beneš H, Shmookler Reis RJ, Zharov VP. Photoacoustically-guided photothermal killing of mosquitoes targeted by nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2014; 7:465-473. [PMID: 23450780 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In biomedical applications, nanoparticles have demonstrated the potential to eradicate abnormal cells in small localized pathological zones associated with cancer or infections. Here, we introduce a method for nanotechnology-based photothermal (PT) killing of whole organisms considered harmful to humans or the environment. We demonstrate that laser-induced thermal, and accompanying nano- and microbubble phenomena, can injure or kill C. elegans and mosquitoes fed carbon nanotubes, gold nanospheres, gold nanoshells, or magnetic nanoparticles at laser energies that are safe for humans. In addition, a photoacoustic (PA) effect was used to control nanoparticle delivery. Through the integration of this technique with molecular targeting, nanoparticle clustering, magnetic capturing and spectral sharpening of PA and PT plasmonic resonances, our laser-based PA-PT nano-theranostic platform can be applied to detection and the physical destruction of small organisms and carriers of pathogens, such as malaria vectors, spiders, bed bugs, fleas, ants, locusts, grasshoppers, phytophagous mites, or other arthropod pests, irrespective of their resistance to conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Foster
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
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22
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Circulating tumor cell identification by functionalized silver-gold nanorods with multicolor, super-enhanced SERS and photothermal resonances. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4752. [PMID: 24810323 PMCID: PMC4015134 DOI: 10.1038/srep04752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been extensively explored for cancer diagnostics. However, the specificity of current methods to identify simultaneously several cancer biomarkers is limited due to color overlapping of bio-conjugated nanoparticles. Here, we present a technique to increase both the molecular and spectral specificity of cancer diagnosis by using tunable silver-gold nanorods with narrow surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and high photothermal contrast. The silver-gold nanorods were functionalized with four Raman-active molecules and four antibodies specific to breast cancer markers and with leukocyte-specific CD45 marker. More than two orders of magnitude of SERS signal enhancement was observed from these hybrid nanosystems compared to conventional gold nanorods. Using an antibody rainbow cocktail, we demonstrated highly specific detection of single breast cancer cells in unprocessed human blood. By integrating multiplex targeting, multicolor coding, and multimodal detection, our approach has the potential to improve multispectral imaging of individual tumor cells in complex biological environments.
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23
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Sarimollaoglu M, Nedosekin DA, Menyaev YA, Juratli MA, Zharov VP. Nonlinear photoacoustic signal amplification from single targets in absorption background. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2014; 2:1-11. [PMID: 24921062 PMCID: PMC4048727 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) detection of single absorbing targets such as nanoparticles or cells can be limited by absorption background. We show here that this problem can be overcome by using the nonlinear photoacoustics based on the differences in PA signal dependences on the laser energy from targets and background. Among different nonlinear phenomena, we focused on laser generation of nanobubbles as more efficient PA signal amplifiers from strongly absorbing, highly localized targets in the presence of spatially homogenous absorption background generating linear signals only. This approach was demonstrated by using nonlinear PA flow cytometry platform for label-free detection of circulating melanoma cells in blood background in vitro and in vivo. Nonlinearly amplified PA signals from overheated melanin nanoclusters in melanoma cells became detectable above still linear blood background. Nonlinear nanobubble-based photoacoustics provide new opportunities to significantly (5-20-fold) increase PA contrast of single nanoparticles, cells, viruses and bacteria in complex biological environments.
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24
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Cassano CL, Mawatari K, Kitamori T, Fan ZH. Thermal lens microscopy as a detector in microdevices. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2279-91. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Cassano
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
| | - Kazuma Mawatari
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Z. Hugh Fan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
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25
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Nedosekin DA, Galanzha EI, Dervishi E, Biris AS, Zharov VP. Super-resolution nonlinear photothermal microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:135-42. [PMID: 23864531 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy enables imaging of fluorescent structures beyond the diffraction limit. However, this technique cannot be applied to weakly fluorescent cellular components or labels. As an alternative, photothermal microscopy based on nonradiative transformation of absorbed energy into heat has demonstrated imaging of nonfluorescent structures including single molecules and ~1-nm gold nanoparticles. However, previously photothermal imaging has been performed with a diffraction-limited resolution only. Herein, super-resolution, far-field photothermal microscopy based on nonlinear signal dependence on the laser energy is introduced. Among various nonlinear phenomena, including absorption saturation, multiphoton absorption, and signal temperature dependence, signal amplification by laser-induced nanobubbles around overheated nano-objects is explored. A Gaussian laser beam profile is used to demonstrate the image spatial sharpening for calibrated 260-nm metal strips, resolving of a plasmonic nanoassembly, visualization of 10-nm gold nanoparticles in graphene, and hemoglobin nanoclusters in live erythrocytes with resolution down to 50 nm. These nonlinear phenomena can be used for 3D imaging with improved lateral and axial resolution in most photothermal methods, including photoacoustic microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Nedosekin
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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26
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Galanzha EI, Zharov VP. Circulating Tumor Cell Detection and Capture by Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry in Vivo and ex Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:1691-738. [PMID: 24335964 PMCID: PMC3875961 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5041691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite progress in detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs), existing assays still have low sensitivity (1-10 CTC/mL) due to the small volume of blood samples (5-10 mL). Consequently, they can miss up to 103-104 CTCs, resulting in the development of barely treatable metastasis. Here we analyze a new concept of in vivo CTC detection with enhanced sensitivity (up to 102-103 times) by the examination of the entire blood volume in vivo (5 L in adults). We focus on in vivo photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry (PAFC) of CTCs using label-free or targeted detection, photoswitchable nanoparticles with ultrasharp PA resonances, magnetic trapping with fiber-magnetic-PA probes, optical clearance, real-time spectral identification, nonlinear signal amplification, and the integration with PAFC in vitro. We demonstrate PAFC's capability to detect rare leukemia, squamous carcinoma, melanoma, and bulk and stem breast CTCs and its clusters in preclinical animal models in blood, lymph, bone, and cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the release of CTCs from primary tumors triggered by palpation, biopsy or surgery, increasing the risk of metastasis. CTC lifetime as a balance between intravasation and extravasation rates was in the range of 0.5-4 h depending on a CTC metastatic potential. We introduced theranostics of CTCs as an integration of nanobubble-enhanced PA diagnosis, photothermal therapy, and feedback through CTC counting. In vivo data were verified with in vitro PAFC demonstrating a higher sensitivity (1 CTC/40 mL) and throughput (up to 10 mL/min) than conventional assays. Further developments include detection of circulating cancer-associated microparticles, and super-rsesolution PAFC beyond the diffraction and spectral limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I. Galanzha
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; E-Mail:
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
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27
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Nedosekin DA, Juratli MA, Sarimollaoglu M, Moore CL, Rusch NJ, Smeltzer MS, Zharov VP, Galanzha EI. Photoacoustic and photothermal detection of circulating tumor cells, bacteria and nanoparticles in cerebrospinal fluid in vivo and ex vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:523-33. [PMID: 23681943 PMCID: PMC3954749 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Circulating cells, bacteria, proteins, microparticles, and DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are excellent biomarkers of many diseases, including cancer and infections. However, the sensitivity of existing methods is limited in their ability to detect rare CSF biomarkers at the treatable, early-stage of diseases. Here, we introduce novel CSF tests based on in vivo photoacoustic flow cytometry (PAFC) and ex vivo photothermal scanning cytometry. In the CSF of tumor-bearing mice, we molecularly detected in vivo circulating tumor cells (CTCs) before the development of breast cancer brain metastasis with 20-times higher sensitivity than with current assays. For the first time, we demonstrated assessing three pathways (i.e., blood, lymphatic, and CSF) of CTC dissemination, tracking nanoparticles in CSF in vivo and their imaging ex vivo. In label-free CSF samples, we counted leukocytes, erythrocytes, melanoma cells, and bacteria and imaged intracellular cytochromes, hemoglobin, melanin, and carotenoids, respectively. Taking into account the safety of PAFC, its translation for use in humans is expected to improve disease diagnosis beyond conventional detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Nedosekin
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Mazen A. Juratli
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Mustafa Sarimollaoglu
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Christopher L. Moore
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Nancy J. Rusch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Mark S. Smeltzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Ekaterina I. Galanzha
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
- Correspondence to: Dr. Ekaterina I. Galanzha, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot #543, Little Rock, AR 72205, Phone: (501) 603-1213
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28
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Nedosekin DA, Sarimollaoglu M, Galanzha EI, Sawant R, Torchilin VP, Verkhusha VV, Ma J, Frank MH, Biris AS, Zharov VP. Synergy of photoacoustic and fluorescence flow cytometry of circulating cells with negative and positive contrasts. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:425-34. [PMID: 22903924 PMCID: PMC3521072 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In vivo photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence flow cytometry were previously applied separately using pulsed and continuous wave lasers respectively, and positive contrast detection mode only. This paper introduces a real-time integration of both techniques with positive and negative contrast modes using only pulsed lasers. Various applications of this new tool are summarized, including detection of liposomes loaded with Alexa-660 dye, red blood cells labeled with Indocyanine Green, B16F10 melanoma cells co-expressing melanin and green fluorescent protein (GFP), C8161-GFP melanoma cells targeted by magnetic nanoparticles, MTLn3 adenocarcinoma cells expressing novel near-infrared iRFP protein, and quantum dot-carbon nanotube conjugates. Negative contrast flow cytometry provided label-free detection of low absorbing or weakly fluorescent cells in blood absorption and autofluorescence background, respectively. The use of pulsed laser for time-resolved discrimination of objects with long fluorescence lifetime (e.g., quantum dots) from shorter autofluorescence background (e.g., blood plasma) is also highlighted in this paper. The supplementary nature of PA and fluorescence detection increased the versatility of the integrated method for simultaneous detection of probes and cells having various absorbing and fluorescent properties, and provided verification of PA data using a more established fluorescence based technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Nedosekin
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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29
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Shao J, Griffin RJ, Galanzha EI, Kim JW, Koonce N, Webber J, Mustafa T, Biris AS, Nedosekin DA, Zharov VP. Photothermal nanodrugs: potential of TNF-gold nanospheres for cancer theranostics. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1293. [PMID: 23443065 PMCID: PMC3582999 DOI: 10.1038/srep01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been extensively explored for drug delivery. Here, we introduce the concept of a nanodrug based on synergy of photothermally-activated physical and biological effects in nanoparticle-drug conjugates. To prove this concept, we utilized tumor necrosis factor-alpha coated gold nanospheres (Au-TNF) heated by laser pulses. To enhance photothermal efficiency in near-infrared window of tissue transparency we explored slightly ellipsoidal nanoparticles, its clustering, and laser-induced nonlinear dynamic phenomena leading to amplification and spectral sharpening of photothermal and photoacoustic resonances red-shifted relatively to linear plasmonic resonances. Using a murine carcinoma model, we demonstrated higher therapy efficacy of Au-TNF conjugates compared to laser and Au-TNF alone or laser with TNF-free gold nanospheres. The photothermal activation of low toxicity Au-TNF conjugates, which are in phase II trials in humans, with a laser approved for medical applications opens new avenues in the development of clinically relevant nanodrugs with synergistic antitumor theranostic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Shao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Robert J. Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ekaterina I. Galanzha
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Jin-Woo Kim
- Bio/Nano Technology Laboratory, Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Nathan Koonce
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Jessica Webber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Thikra Mustafa
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Alexandru S. Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Dmitry A. Nedosekin
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
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30
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Galanzha EI, Zharov VP. Photoacoustic flow cytometry. Methods 2012; 57:280-96. [PMID: 22749928 PMCID: PMC4799719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional flow cytometry using scattering and fluorescent detection methods has been a fundamental tool of biological discoveries for many years. Invasive extraction of cells from a living organism, however, may lead to changes in cell properties and prevents the long-term study of cells in their native environment. Here, we summarize recent advances of new generation flow cytometry for in vivo noninvasive label-free or targeted detection of cells in blood, lymph, bone, cerebral and plant vasculatures using photoacoustic (PA) detection techniques, multispectral high-pulse-repetition-rate lasers, tunable ultrasharp (up to 0.8 nm) rainbow plasmonic nanoprobes, positive and negative PA contrasts, in vivo magnetic enrichment, time-of-flight cell velocity measurement, PA spectral analysis, and integration of PA, photothermal (PT), fluorescent, and Raman methods. Unique applications of this tool are reviewed with a focus on ultrasensitive detection of normal blood cells at different functional states (e.g., apoptotic and necrotic) and rare abnormal cells including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cancer stem cells, pathogens, clots, sickle cells as well as pharmokinetics of nanoparticles, dyes, microbubbles and drug nanocarriers. Using this tool we discovered that palpation, biopsy, or surgery can enhance CTC release from primary tumors, increasing the risk of metastasis. The novel fluctuation flow cytometry provided the opportunity for the dynamic study of blood rheology including red blood cell aggregation and clot formation in different medical conditions (e.g., blood disorders, cancer, or surgery). Theranostics, as a combination of PA diagnosis and PT nanobubble-amplified multiplex therapy, was used for eradication of CTCs, purging of infected blood, and thrombolysis of clots using PA guidance to control therapy efficiency. In vivo flow cytometry using a portable fiber-based devices can provide a breakthrough platform for early diagnosis of cancer, infection and cardiovascular disorders with a potential to inhibit, if not prevent, metastasis, sepsis, and strokes or heart attack by well-timed personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I. Galanzha
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Phillips Classic Laser and Nanomedicine Laboratories, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
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Yang S, Ye F, Xing D. Intracellular label-free gold nanorods imaging with photoacoustic microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:10370-5. [PMID: 22535126 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.010370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive photoacoustic microscopy was developed to image intracellular gold nanorods with high optical-absorption contrast. The endocytosed gold nanorods in MCF7 cells can be detected and imaged with the home-made photoacoustic microscope. Cell nucleus and gold nanorods in cytoplasm were clearly identified after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining with dual-wavelength excitation. The intracellular gold nanorods were successfully monitored, and that the time-dependent uptake and distribution of the gold nanorods in the cells were clearly shown. The result demonstrated an application of photoacoustic microscopy for complements to imaging of nonfluorescent nanoparticles, which will arm the in vivo microscopic imaging method to the nano-bio research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihua Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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