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Ovile Mimi C, De-la-Cruz-Chacón I, Caixeta Sousa M, Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira M, Ortiz Mayo Marques M, Ferreira G, Silvia Fernandes Boaro C. Chemophenetics as a Tool for Distinguishing Morphotypes of Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100544. [PMID: 34405534 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Annona emarginata (Annonaceae) has two morphological variations (A. emarginata 'mirim' and A. emarginata 'terra-fria'). The species has agricultural value and produces specialized metabolites of pharmacological interest. The objective of this work was to analyze whether chemical and morphological differences contribute to differentiate A. emarginata 'terra-fria' from A. emarginata 'mirim', as chemophenetic variations of A. emarginata. The analysis of chemical compounds was based on the quantification, profile of root alkaloids and on the leaves volatile profile, together with morphometric analyses of the leaf blade. The samples were collected in three phenological stages (flowering, fruiting, and vegetative) at two places in São Paulo, Brazil. Differences in the composition of the alkaloid profile and leaf volatiles (in both places and in the three phenological stages) allowed us to separate the two morphotypes by multivariate statistical analysis. These differences agreed with the leaf blade morphology and flower color. This first chemophenetic report of A. emarginata demonstrates that, in addition to morphological variations, the specialized metabolism of roots and leaves can be phytochemical characters, which suggest the existence of at least morphochemotypes of A. emarginata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ovile Mimi
- Plant Biology: DBBVPZ, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin street, 250, 18618-689, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iván De-la-Cruz-Chacón
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Química Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte-Poniente 1150, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México
| | - Marília Caixeta Sousa
- Plant Biology: DBBVPZ, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin street, 250, 18618-689, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira
- Plant Biology: DBBVPZ, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin street, 250, 18618-689, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gisela Ferreira
- Plant Biology: DBBVPZ, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin street, 250, 18618-689, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Fernandes Boaro
- Plant Biology: DBBVPZ, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin street, 250, 18618-689, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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