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Zhang Z, Hirose K, Yamada K, Sato D, Uchida K, Umezu S. A periodic split attractor reconstruction method facilitates cardiovascular signal diagnoses and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome monitoring. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35623. [PMID: 39170365 PMCID: PMC11337694 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a powerful tool to detect cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and health conditions. We proposed a new method for evaluating ECG for efficient medical diagnosis in daily life. By splitting the signal according to the cardiac activity cycle, the periodic split attractor reconstruction (PSAR) method is proposed with time embedding, including three types of splitting methods to show its chaotic domain characteristics. We merged the CVDs dataset and the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) first-lead ECG signal dataset to validate the performance of PSAR for diagnosis and health monitoring using PSAR density maps as SE-ResNet input features. PSAR under 3 split methods showed different sensitivities for different CVDs. While in OSAS monitoring, PSAR showed good ability to recognize sleep abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kayo Hirose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Katsunori Yamada
- Faculty of Economics, Kindai University, 228-3 Shin-Kami-Kosaka, Higashi-Osaka, 577-0813, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Genome Building Rm3503, Davis, CA, 95616–8636, USA
| | - Kanji Uchida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Umezu
- Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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Zhai D, Bao X, Long X, Ru T, Zhou G. Precise detection and localization of R-peaks from ECG signals. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:19191-19208. [PMID: 38052596 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is derived from the R-R interval, which depends on the precise localization of R-peaks within an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. However, current algorithm assessment methods prioritize the R-peak detection's sensitivity rather than the precision of pinpointing the exact R-peak positions. As a result, it is of great value to develop an R-peak detection algorithm with high-precision R-peak localization. This paper introduces a novel R-peak localization algorithm that involves modifications to the well-established Pan-Tompkins (PT) algorithm. The algorithm was implemented as follows. First, the raw ECG signal $ X\left(i\right) $ was band-pass filtered (5-35 Hz) to obtain a preprocessed signal $ Y\left(i\right) $. Second, $ Y\left(i\right) $ was squared to enhance the QRS complex, followed by a 5 Hz low-pass filter to obtain the QRS envelope, which was transformed into a window signal $ W\left(i\right) $ by dynamic threshold with a minimum width of 200 ms to mark the QRS complex. Third, $ Y\left(i\right) $ was used to generate QRS template $ T\left(n\right) $ automatically, and then the R-peak was identified by a template matching process to find the maximum absolute value of all cross-correlation values between $ T\left(n\right) $ and $ Y\left(i\right) $. The proposed algorithm achieved a sensitivity (SE) of 99.78%, a positive prediction value (PPV) of 99.78% and data error rate (DER) of 0.44% in R-peak localization for the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. The annotated-detected error (ADE), which represents the error between the annotated R-peak location and the detected R-peak location, was 8.35 ms for the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. These results outperformed the results obtained using the classical Pan-Tompkins algorithm which yielded an SE of 98.87%, a PPV of 99.14%, a DER of 1.98% and an ADE of 21.65 ms for the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. It can be concluded that the algorithm can precisely detect the location of R-peaks and may have the potential to enhance clinical applications of HRV analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diguo Zhai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinqi Bao
- Department of Engineering, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Xi Long
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Taotao Ru
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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R T, B V. A novel ECG signal compression using wavelet and discrete anamorphic stretch transforms. Biomed Signal Process Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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JANG SEOKWOO, LEE SANGHONG. DETECTION OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION USING WAVELET TRANSFORM AND PHASE SPACE RECONSTRUCTION FROM ECG SIGNALS. J MECH MED BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519421400364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study proposes the detection of ventricular fibrillation (VF) by wavelet transforms (WTs) and phase space reconstruction (PSR) from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. A neural network with weighted fuzzy memberships (NEWFM) is used to detect VF as a classifier. In the first step, the WT was used to remove noise in ECG signals. In the second step, coordinates were mapped from the wavelet coefficients by the PSR. In the final step, NEWFM used the mapped coordinates-based features as inputs. The NEWFM has the bounded sum of weighted fuzzy memberships (BSWFM) that can easily appear the distinctness between the normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and VF in the graphical characteristics. The BSWFM can easily be set up in a portable automatic external defibrillator (AED) to detect VF in an emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- SEOK-WOO JANG
- Department of Software, Anyang University, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - SANG-HONG LEE
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Anyang University, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
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Rahul J, Sora M, Sharma LD. Dynamic thresholding based efficient QRS complex detection with low computational overhead. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Robust identification of QRS-complexes in electrocardiogram signals using a combination of interval and trigonometric threshold values. Biomed Signal Process Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Song J, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu H, Zhou T, Zhang K, Li F, Xu Z, Liu Q, Li J. Electrochemical modeling and evaluation for textile electrodes to skin. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:30. [PMID: 32393332 PMCID: PMC7216351 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-00772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of wearable health-monitoring technologies, a variety of textile electrodes have been produced and applied by researchers. However, there are no universal and effective methods even testing platforms for evaluating the skin-electrode electrochemical interface for textile electrodes because different human bodies have different skin characteristics. METHODS An electrochemical modeling and evaluation for textile electrodes to skin was proposed, and two electrochemical evaluation platforms (EEP) were set up based on two simulated skin models (SSM). First, skin-electrode electrochemical interface (SEEI) models for traditional wet electrodes and textile electrodes were analyzed. Based on the SEEI models and YY/T 0196-2005 (Chinese YY/T pharmaceutical industry standard for disposable ECG electrode), three skin-electrode electrochemical characteristics (SEEC), including skin-electrode static impedance (SESI), skin-electrode alternating current impedance (SEAI), and skin-electrode polarization voltage (SEPV), were proposed. Then, three electrochemical evaluation methods for textile electrodes to skin were proposed and analyzed, which were the correlation between SEEC and skin-electrode contact pressure (SECP), skin-electrode relative movement (SERM), and conduction loss of active signals (CLAS). Finally, an electrochemical evaluation platform was set up based on an active simulated skin model (ASSM) and passive simulated skin model (PSSM). RESULTS 9 feature parameters based on the passive electrochemical evaluation platform (PEEP) and 11 feature parameters based on the active electrochemical evaluation platform (AEEP) were obtained for evaluating textile electrodes. And four kinds of textile electrode characteristics including SEEC, SECP, SERM, and CLAS were quantitatively measured based on the electrochemical evaluation platform, and the testing accuracy and range for these characteristics were measured separately. Finally, correlation between SEEC and SECP for 10 kinds of textile electrode samples was studied, and 14 electrochemical characteristics and four skin-electrode contact pressure characteristics were extracted. Experimental results showed that significant correlations were found between six SEEC characteristics and SECP characteristics, and the correlation coefficient between ACI_3 and USECP was the highest. And the polarization voltages of most dry electrode samples showed a downward trend with the increase of contact pressure. CONCLUSIONS The electrochemical evaluation platform yielded effective experimental data and could provide strong support for the evaluation and application of textile electrodes, which was also effective in evaluating other bioelectric electrodes such as 3M electrode, stainless steel electrode, dry electrode and microneedle electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yijing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Tianshu Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jingsong Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
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Vemishetty N, Gunukula RL, Acharyya A, Puddu PE, Das S, Maharatna K. Phase Space Reconstruction Based CVD Classifier Using Localized Features. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14593. [PMID: 31601877 PMCID: PMC6787214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a generalized Phase Space Reconstruction (PSR) based Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) classification methodology by exploiting the localized features of the ECG. The proposed methodology first extracts the ECG localized features including PR interval, QRS complex, and QT interval from the continuous ECG waveform using features extraction logic, then the PSR technique is applied to get the phase portraits of all the localized features. Based on the cleanliness and contour of the phase portraits CVD classification will be done. This is first of its kind approach where the localized features of ECG are being taken into considerations unlike the state-of-art approaches, where the entire ECG beats have been considered. The proposed methodology is generic and can be extended to most of the CVD cases. It is verified on the PTBDB and IAFDB databases by taking the CVD including Atrial Fibrillation, Myocardial Infarction, Bundle Branch Block, Cardiomyopathy, Dysrhythmia, and Hypertrophy. The methodology has been tested on 65 patients’ data for the classification of abnormalities in PR interval, QRS complex, and QT interval. Based on the obtained statistical results, to detect the abnormality in PR interval, QRS complex and QT interval the Coefficient Variation (CV) should be greater than or equal to 0.1012, 0.083, 0.082 respectively with individual accuracy levels of 95.3%, 96.9%, and 98.5% respectively. To justify the clinical significance of the proposed methodology, the Confidence Interval (CI), the p-value using ANOVA have been computed. The p-value obtained is less than 0.05, and greater F-statistic values reveal the robust classification of CVD using localized features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Vemishetty
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
| | | | - Amit Acharyya
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India.
| | - Paolo Emilio Puddu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, I-00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Saptarshi Das
- Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Koushik Maharatna
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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Meddah K, Kedir Talha M, Bahoura M, Zairi H. FPGA‐based system for heart rate monitoring. IET CIRCUITS, DEVICES & SYSTEMS 2019; 13:771-782. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-cds.2018.5204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Meddah
- Department of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, USTHBBP32 El alia 16111 Bab EzzouarAlgiersAlgeria
- Department of EngineeringUniversité du Québec à Rimouski300, allée des UrsulinesRimouskiQCCanada
| | - Malika Kedir Talha
- Department of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, USTHBBP32 El alia 16111 Bab EzzouarAlgiersAlgeria
| | - Mohammed Bahoura
- Department of EngineeringUniversité du Québec à Rimouski300, allée des UrsulinesRimouskiQCCanada
- Department of ElectronicsSaad Dahlab University of Blida 1BP 270, Road of Soumaa09000BlidaAlgeria
| | - Hadjer Zairi
- Department of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, USTHBBP32 El alia 16111 Bab EzzouarAlgiersAlgeria
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QRS complex detection using fractional Stockwell transform and fractional Stockwell Shannon energy. Biomed Signal Process Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2019.101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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