1
|
Verrilli AM, Leibman NF, Hohenhaus AE, Mosher BA. Safety and efficacy of a ribose-cysteine supplement to increase erythrocyte glutathione concentration in healthy dogs. Am J Vet Res 2021; 82:653-658. [PMID: 34296936 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.82.8.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety of oral administration of a d-ribose-l-cysteine (RibCys) supplement to dogs and the effect of this supplementation on erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) concentration. ANIMALS 24 healthy adult dogs. PROCEDURES In a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial, dogs received 500 mg of a RibCys supplement or placebo (n = 12/group), PO, every 12 hours for 4 weeks. Dogs were evaluated weekly by means of a physical examination, CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, and owner-completed quality-of-life questionnaire. Erythrocyte GSH concentration was measured on day 0 (ie, the day before treatment began) and weekly during supplementation. RESULTS No dose-limiting adverse effects were noted in any dog. Two dogs in each group had mild, self-limiting diarrhea and anemia. No significant increase in erythrocyte GSH concentration was noted in either group at any time point. Two dogs in the RibCys group had improved skin and coat health and improved clinical signs of osteoarthritis. No clinical or owner-perceived improvements were noted in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The RibCys supplement was safe and well tolerated in all dogs. Owners reported improvements in dermatologic and orthopedic conditions in some dogs in the RibCys group. No significant differences were observed in erythrocyte GSH concentration before or after RibCys treatment. This lack of significant differences may have been attributable to the use of healthy dogs, which would not be expected to have depleted GSH concentrations. Given the observed safety profile of RibCys, additional research is warranted to explore the potential usefulness of RibCys supplementation in dogs with cancer and those undergoing treatment for cancer.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pino EHM, Weber MN, de Oliveira LO, Vieira LC, Dos Santos KHS, Liu IP, Gomes HM, Trindade-Gerardi AB, Moreira JCF, Gerardi DG. Evaluation of cardioprotective effects of carvedilol in dogs receiving doxorubicin chemotherapy: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled pilot study. Res Vet Sci 2021; 135:532-541. [PMID: 33221037 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of carvedilol in dogs receiving doxorubicin chemotherapy and provide suggestions to future studies based on results and limitations of our study. Thirteen dogs were randomized into two experimental groups: 6 dogs in carvedilol group and 7 dogs in placebo group. In carvedilol group, 0.39 mg/kg ± 0.04 twice-daily oral carvedilol was started on the day of the first doxorubicin treatment and continued throughout the chemotherapy protocol until the final cardiological evaluation. Cardiological evaluations were performed before the first doxorubicin administration and then 10 to 15 days after each subsequent dose. Troponin I and oxidative stress tests were performed with serum collected from dogs at the initial and final cardiological evaluation. Carvedilol produced some echocardiographic and electrocardiographic changes (reduced E velocity and E/IVRT ratio, as well reduced heart rate and increased PR and QT interval) due to its beta-block effect. In placebo group Doppler study showed a significant increase in mitral flow deceleration time (EDT), as well increased amplitude of the S wave in the right, and R wave in the left, precordial chest leads. There were significant difference in the EDT, E/IVRT and A' velocity, as well heart rate, PR interval and R wave in V4/CV6LU precordial chest lead between groups. In conclusion, some indexes of diastolic function and in precordial chest leads were less affected by doxorubicin in carvedilol than in control group. This suggests that carvedilol may have a beneficial effect in canine cancer patients receiving doxorubicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Helena M Pino
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matheus N Weber
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana O de Oliveira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciane C Vieira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Keylla H S Dos Santos
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isabella P Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Henrique M Gomes
- School of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anelise B Trindade-Gerardi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José C F Moreira
- School of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniel G Gerardi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oxidant–Antioxidant Status in Canine Multicentric Lymphoma and Primary Cutaneous Mastocytoma. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a prominent event in several acute and chronic diseases including neoplasia. Although its direct involvement in carcinogenesis still remains to be clearly defined, a deeper knowledge of oxidative stress in oncologic patients could help to monitor their clinical outcome and to develop new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to explore redox status in blood of neoplastic dogs affected either by multicentric lymphoma or by primary cutaneous mastocytoma. Superoxide anion (O2 •−), nitric oxide (NO) and hydroperoxides (ROOH) were measured. Detoxifying enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP)) were assessed. The oxidative stress index (OSi) both for enzymatic (OSiE) and non-enzymatic (OSiNE) scavengers were evaluated. Both pathologies, showed a reduced NO generation, while O2 •− levels were decreased only in mastocytoma. The oxidative stress indexes showed a significant decrease in mastocytoma patients, only for OSiE.
Collapse
|
4
|
Musco N, Tudisco R, Grossi M, Mastellone V, Morittu VM, Pero ME, Wanapat M, Trinchese G, Cavaliere G, Mollica MP, Crispino M, Infascelli F, Lombardi P. Effect of a high forage : concentrate ratio on milk yield, blood parameters and oxidative status in lactating cows. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/an18041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A feeding strategy that requires a forage:concentrate ratio equal to 70:30, with at least five different herbs in the forage and the use of silages prohibited, has recently been introduced in Italy. Despite the benefits in terms of human health (lower ω6:ω3 ratio, higher conjugated linoleic acid level) of the obtained milk, little information regarding the possible effects on cows’ health is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of such a feeding strategy in dairy cows (90 days in milk at the beginning of the trial) on milk yield and composition, and blood metabolic profile, including the evaluation of oxidative stress. The proposed feeding strategy, compared with a semi-intensive strategy, resulted in an improvement of animal oxidative status (lower levels of reactive oxygen metabolites, higher levels of antioxidant potential and anti-reactive oxygen metabolites) and a significant increase of milk urea only in the first part of the trial. No differences in milk yield and composition were detected throughout the trial.
Collapse
|
5
|
Parachini-Winter C, Carioto LM, Gara-Boivin C. Retrospective evaluation of anemia and erythrocyte morphological anomalies in dogs with lymphoma or inflammatory bowel disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2019; 254:487-495. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.254.4.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
6
|
Rubio CP, Hernández-Ruiz J, Martinez-Subiela S, Tvarijonaviciute A, Ceron JJ. Spectrophotometric assays for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in dog serum: an update. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:166. [PMID: 27526688 PMCID: PMC4986369 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to study the main spectrophotometric methods used to evaluate total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in serum samples of dogs. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is an analyte frequently used to assess the antioxidant status of biological samples and can evaluate the antioxidant response against the free radicals produced in a given disease. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) are different assays described to determine TAC of a sample. This review explains the basis of each assay and their application in the determination of TAC in dogs, and also provides selected information about reports in humans for comparative purposes. It is concluded that, ideally, various different assays integrated in a panel should be used for TAC evaluation, since depending on the assay performed TAC results can be markedly different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Peres Rubio
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Josefa Hernández-Ruiz
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Martinez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, University Autonoma of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Joaquin Ceron
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis Interlab-UMU, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bottari NB, Munhoz TD, Torbitz VD, Tonin AA, Anai LA, Semolin LMS, Jark PC, Bollick YS, Moresco RN, França RT, Lopes STA, Stefani LM, Tinucci-Costa M, Silva ASD. Oxidative stress in dogs with multicentric lymphoma: Effect of chemotherapy on oxidative and antioxidant biomarkers. Redox Rep 2015; 20:267-74. [PMID: 26274787 PMCID: PMC6837369 DOI: 10.1179/1351000215y.0000000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancer in dogs, characterized by the proliferation of lymphoid cells. The treatment of this type of cancer is usually based on drugs with high toxicity, which can cause severe side effects. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure the levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in dogs with multicentric lymphoma before and after chemotherapy. METHODS For this purpose, serum samples of 25 dogs diagnosed with multicentric lymphoma and 15 healthy dogs were used. The animals were exposed to CHOP chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone) and serum samples were collected 5 weeks after treatment. RESULTS High levels of TBARS, AOPP, and FRAP were observed in sera of dogs with multicentric lymphoma when compared to healthy dogs (P < 0.01), and even higher levels (TBARS and AOPP) were found after chemotherapy i.e. treatment exacerbated the oxidative stress levels. On the other hand, FRAP levels did not differ statistically between animals with lymphoma before and after treatment (P > 0.05). Exacerbated oxidative stress was observed in dogs with multicentric lymphoma Group II (Stage IV-V: involvement of lymph nodes and organs) compared to those in Group I (Stage I-III: only affected lymph nodes) of the disease, as well as the dogs with clinical signs and T immunophenotype. Another important result was observed after chemotherapy, where FRAP levels were higher in dogs that showed complete disease remission compared to animals with progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, dogs with lymphoma showed protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, as well as increased total antioxidants before and after chemotherapy compared to the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathieli B. Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Thiago D. Munhoz
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa D. Torbitz
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A. Tonin
- Department of Small Animals, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Letícia A. Anai
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia M. S. Semolin
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. Jark
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Yãnaí S. Bollick
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael N. Moresco
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Raqueli T. França
- Department of Small Animals, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Sonia T. A. Lopes
- Department of Small Animals, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Lenita M. Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Mirela Tinucci-Costa
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S. Da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Finotello R, Pasquini A, Meucci V, Lippi I, Rota A, Guidi G, Marchetti V. redox status evaluation in dogs affected by mast cell tumour. Vet Comp Oncol 2012; 12:120-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2012.00343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Finotello
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - A. Pasquini
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - V. Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - I. Lippi
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - A. Rota
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - G. Guidi
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - V. Marchetti
- Department of Veterinary Clinics; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Winter JL, Barber LG, Freeman L, Griessmayr PC, Milbury PE, Blumberg JB. Antioxidant status and biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with lymphoma. J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23:311-6. [PMID: 19210312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress might play a role in carcinogenesis, as well as impacting morbidity and mortality of veterinary cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant concentrations and biomarkers of oxidative stress in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma before treatment and once in remission, with comparison with healthy controls. HYPOTHESIS Dogs with lymphoma have increased oxidant and reduced antioxidant concentrations compared with healthy controls, and that these abnormalities normalize once remission is achieved. ANIMALS Seventeen dogs with lymphoma and 10 healthy controls. METHODS Prospective, observational study. Measures of oxidative stress [malondialdehyde and total isoprostanes (isoP)] and antioxidants [alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx)] were assessed in dogs with newly diagnosed lymphoma before treatment compared with healthy control dogs. The same parameters were measured in the dogs with lymphoma on week 7 of the chemotherapy protocol when all dogs were in remission. RESULTS At baseline, dogs with lymphoma had significantly lower alpha-tocopherol (P <.001) and gamma-tocopherol (P= .003) but higher GSHPx (P= .05), ORAC (P= .001), and isoP (P < .001) compared with healthy controls. In the dogs with lymphoma, alpha-tocopherol concentrations were higher (P= .005) and ascorbic acid were lower (P= .04) after treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Results suggest that dogs with lymphoma have alterations in oxidant and antioxidant concentrations and that the status of some of these biomarkers normalize after remission. Further studies are warranted to determine whether antioxidant interventions to correct these are beneficial in the treatment of canine lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Winter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Pasquini A, Luchetti E, Marchetti V, Cardini G, Iorio EL. Analytical performances of d-ROMs test and BAP test in canine plasma. Definition of the normal range in healthy Labrador dogs. Vet Res Commun 2007; 32:137-43. [PMID: 17846911 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-9014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An high level of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), due to an increased production of oxidant species and/or a decreased efficacy of antioxidant system, can lead to oxidative stress, an emerging health risk factor involved in the aging and in many diseases, including inflammatory, infectious and degenerative disorders, either in humans or in animals. In the last years some assays panels have been developed to globally evaluate the oxidative balance by means of the concomitant assessment of ROS production and antioxidant system capability. In this report, the validation trials of d-ROMs (Reactive Oxygen Metabolites- derived compounds) and BAP (Biological Antioxidant Potential) tests in canine specie are described and also the specific referral ranges are calculated in a Labrador population. The results of linearity, precision and accuracy trials show that both tests exhibit good to excellent analytical performances. The possibility of measuring oxidative stress in vivo with simple, cheap and accurate tests, d-ROMs test and BAP test, provides for the veterinarians a very suitable tool to monitor oxidative stress and to correctly choice of eventual antioxidant supplementations in diseases proven related to oxidative stress in animals and particularly in dogs. Further studies will be useful to confirm this possibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Pasquini
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, University of Pisa, V.le delle Piagge, 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The mechanism(s) for chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes are largely unknown; however, several candidate mechanisms have been identified. We suggest that shared genetic risk factors for the development of cancer and cognitive problems, including low-efficiency efflux pumps, deficits in DNA-repair mechanisms and/or a deregulated immune response, coupled with the effect of chemotherapy on these systems, might contribute to cognitive decline in patients after chemotherapy. Furthermore, the genetically modulated reduction of capacity for neural repair and neurotransmitter activity, as well as reduced antioxidant capacity associated with treatment-induced reduction in oestrogen and testosterone levels, might interact with these mechanisms and/or have independent effects on cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim A Ahles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|