1
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Solomou G, Young AMH, Bulstrode HJCJ. Microglia and macrophages in glioblastoma: landscapes and treatment directions. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38712663 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the central nervous system and remains uniformly and rapidly fatal. The tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) compartment comprises brain-resident microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) recruited from the periphery. Immune-suppressive and tumour-supportive TAM cell states predominate in glioblastoma, and immunotherapies, which have achieved striking success in other solid tumours have consistently failed to improve survival in this 'immune-cold' niche context. Hypoxic and necrotic regions in the tumour core are found to enrich, especially in anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive TAM cell states. Microglia predominate at the invasive tumour margin and express pro-inflammatory and interferon TAM cell signatures. Depletion of TAMs, or repolarisation towards a pro-inflammatory state, are appealing therapeutic strategies and will depend on effective understanding and classification of TAM cell ontogeny and state based on new single-cell and spatial multi-omic in situ profiling. Here, we explore the application of these datasets to expand and refine TAM characterisation, to inform improved modelling approaches, and ultimately underpin the effective manipulation of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Solomou
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam M H Young
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harry J C J Bulstrode
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Qi H, Wang P, Sun H, Li X, Hao X, Tian W, Yu L, Tang J, Dong J, Wang H. ADAMDEC1 accelerates GBM progression via activation of the MMP2-related pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:945025. [PMID: 36172139 PMCID: PMC9511150 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.945025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) gene-related family including ADAM, ADAMTS, and ADAM-like decysin-1 has been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including cancers (lung cancer, gliomas, colorectal cancer, and gastrointestinal cancer). However, its biological role in gliomas remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the biological functions and potential mechanism of ADAMDEC1 in gliomas. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ADAMDEC1 were upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. ADAMDEC1 showed a phenomenon of “abundance and disappear” expression in gliomas and normal tissues in that the higher the expression of ADAMDEC1 presented, the higher the malignancy of gliomas and the worse the prognosis. High expression of ADAMDEC1 was associated with immune response. Knockdown of ADAMDEC1 could decrease the proliferation and colony-forming ability of LN229 cells, whereas ADAMDEC1 overexpression has opposite effects in LN229 cells in vitro. Furthermore, we identified that ADAMDEC1 accelerates GBM progression via the activation of the MMP2 pathway. In the present study, we found that the expression levels of ADAMDEC1 were significantly elevated compared with other ADAMs by analyzing the expression levels of ADAM family proteins in gliomas. This suggests that ADAMDEC1 has potential as a glioma clinical marker and immunotherapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qi
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongliang Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xinwei Hao
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenxiu Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Liting Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiajian Tang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhong Dong
- School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Junhong Dong, ; Hongmei Wang,
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Junhong Dong, ; Hongmei Wang,
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3
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Enhancing α-secretase Processing for Alzheimer's Disease-A View on SFRP1. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10020122. [PMID: 32098349 PMCID: PMC7071437 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides generated via sequential β- and γ-secretase processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) are major etiopathological agents of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, an initial APP cleavage by an α-secretase, such as the a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein ADAM10, precludes β-secretase cleavage and leads to APP processing that does not produce Aβ. The latter appears to underlie the disease symptom-attenuating effects of a multitude of experimental therapeutics in AD animal models. Recent work has indicated that an endogenous inhibitor of ADAM10, secreted-frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1), is elevated in human AD brains and associated with amyloid plaques in mouse AD models. Importantly, genetic or functional attenuation of SFRP1 lowered Aβ accumulation and improved AD-related histopathological and neurological traits. Given SFRP1's well-known activity in attenuating Wnt signaling, which is also commonly impaired in AD, SFRP1 appears to be a promising therapeutic target for AD. This idea, however, needs to be addressed with care because of cancer enhancement potentials resulting from a systemic loss of SFRP1 activity, as well as an upregulation of ADAM10 activity. In this focused review, I shall discuss α-secretase-effected APP processing in AD with a focus on SFRP1, and explore the contrasting perspectives arising from the recent findings.
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Andreopoulou E, Arampatzis A, Patsoni M, Kazanis I. Being a Neural Stem Cell: A Matter of Character But Defined by the Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1041:81-118. [PMID: 29204830 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69194-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cells that build the nervous system, either this is a small network of ganglia or a complicated primate brain, are called neural stem and progenitor cells. Even though the very primitive and the very recent neural stem cells (NSCs) share common basic characteristics that are hard-wired within their character, such as the expression of transcription factors of the SoxB family, their capacity to give rise to extremely different neural tissues depends significantly on instructions from the microenvironment. In this chapter we explore the nature of the NSC microenvironment, looking through evolution, embryonic development, maturity and even disease. Experimental work undertaken over the last 20 years has revealed exciting insight into the NSC microcosmos. NSCs are very capable in producing their own extracellular matrix and in regulating their behaviour in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence indicates an important role for the vasculature, especially within the NSC niches of the postnatal brain; while novel results reveal direct links between the metabolic state of the organism and the function of NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Andreopoulou
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Asterios Arampatzis
- Wellcome Trust- MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Biology Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Melina Patsoni
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ilias Kazanis
- Lab of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
- Wellcome Trust- MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Biology Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Nakod PS, Kim Y, Rao SS. Biomimetic models to examine microenvironmental regulation of glioblastoma stem cells. Cancer Lett 2018; 429:41-53. [PMID: 29746930 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a malignant brain tumor, is the deadliest form of human cancer with low survival rates because of its highly invasive nature. In recent years, there has been a growing appreciation for the role that glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) play during tumorigenesis and tumor recurrence of GBM. GSCs are a specialized subset of GBM cells with stem cell-like features that contribute to tumor initiation and therapeutic resistance. Thus, to enhance therapeutic efficiency and improve survival, targeting GSCs and their microenvironmental niche appears to be a promising approach. To develop this approach, understanding GSC-microenvironment interactions is crucial. This review discusses various biomimetic model systems to understand the impact of biophysical, biochemical, and cellular microenvironmental cues on GSC behaviors. These models include two-dimensional or matrix-free environment models, engineered biomaterial-based three-dimensional models, co-culture models, and mouse and rat in vivo models. These systems have been used to study the effects of biophysical factors, modulation of signaling pathways, extracellular matrix components, and culture conditions on the GSC phenotype. The advantages and disadvantages of these model systems and their impact in the field of GSC research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki S Nakod
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Shreyas S Rao
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
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Targeting neuronal activity-regulated neuroligin-3 dependency in high-grade glioma. Nature 2017; 549:533-537. [PMID: 28959975 PMCID: PMC5891832 DOI: 10.1038/nature24014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGG) are a devastating group of cancers, representing the leading cause of brain tumor-related death in both children and adults. Therapies aimed at mechanisms intrinsic to the glioma cell have translated to only limited success; effective therapeutic strategies will need to also target elements of the tumor microenvironment that promote glioma progression. We recently demonstrated that neuronal activity robustly promotes the growth of a range of molecularly and clinically distinct HGG types, including adult glioblastoma (GBM), anaplastic oligodendroglioma, pediatric GBM, and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG)1. An important mechanism mediating this neural regulation of brain cancer is activity-dependent cleavage and secretion of the synaptic molecule neuroligin-3 (NLGN3), which promotes glioma proliferation through the PI3K-mTOR pathway1. However, neuroligin-3 necessity to glioma growth, proteolytic mechanism of secretion and further molecular consequences in glioma remain to be clarified. Here, we demonstrate a striking dependence of HGG growth on microenvironmental neuroligin-3, elucidate signaling cascades downstream of neuroligin-3 binding in glioma and determine a therapeutically targetable mechanism of secretion. Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of pediatric GBM, DIPG and adult GBM fail to grow in Nlgn3 knockout mice. Neuroligin-3 stimulates numerous oncogenic pathways, including early focal adhesion kinase activation upstream of PI3K-mTOR, and induces transcriptional changes including upregulation of numerous synapse-related genes in glioma cells. Neuroligin-3 is cleaved from both neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells via the ADAM10 sheddase. ADAM10 inhibitors prevent release of neuroligin-3 into the tumor microenvironment and robustly block HGG xenograft growth. This work defines a promising strategy for targeting neuroligin-3 secretion, which could prove transformative for HGG therapy.
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Wetzel S, Seipold L, Saftig P. The metalloproteinase ADAM10: A useful therapeutic target? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28624438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage represents a unique and irreversible posttranslational event regulating the function and half-life of many intracellular and extracellular proteins. The metalloproteinase ADAM10 has raised attention since it cleaves an increasing number of protein substrates close to the extracellular membrane leaflet. This "ectodomain shedding" regulates the turnover of a number of transmembrane proteins involved in cell adhesion and receptor signaling. It can initiate intramembrane proteolysis followed by nuclear transport and signaling of the cytoplasmic domain. ADAM10 has also been implicated in human disorders ranging from neurodegeneration to dysfunction of the immune system and cancer. Targeting proteases for therapeutic purposes remains a challenge since these enzymes including ADAM10 have a wide range of substrates. Accelerating or inhibiting a specific protease activity is in most cases associated with unwanted side effects and a therapeutic useful window of application has to be carefully defined. A better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling the expression, subcellular localization and activity of ADAM10 will likely uncover suitable drug targets which will allow a more specific and fine-tuned modulation of its proteolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wetzel
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lisa Seipold
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
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Endres K, Deller T. Regulation of Alpha-Secretase ADAM10 In vitro and In vivo: Genetic, Epigenetic, and Protein-Based Mechanisms. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:56. [PMID: 28367112 PMCID: PMC5355436 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM10 (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10) has been identified as the major physiological alpha-secretase in neurons, responsible for cleaving APP in a non-amyloidogenic manner. This cleavage results in the production of a neuroprotective APP-derived fragment, APPs-alpha, and an attenuated production of neurotoxic A-beta peptides. An increase in ADAM10 activity shifts the balance of APP processing toward APPs-alpha and protects the brain from amyloid deposition and disease. Thus, increasing ADAM10 activity has been proposed an attractive target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and it appears to be timely to investigate the physiological mechanisms regulating ADAM10 expression. Therefore, in this article, we will (1) review reports on the physiological regulation of ADAM10 at the transcriptional level, by epigenetic factors, miRNAs and/or protein interactions, (2) describe conditions, which change ADAM10 expression in vitro and in vivo, (3) report how neuronal ADAM10 expression may be regulated in humans, and (4) discuss how this knowledge on the physiological and pathophysiological regulation of ADAM10 may help to preserve or restore brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Endres
- Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Siney EJ, Holden A, Casselden E, Bulstrode H, Thomas GJ, Willaime-Morawek S. Metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17 Mediate Migration and Differentiation in Glioblastoma Sphere-Forming Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3893-3905. [PMID: 27541285 PMCID: PMC5443867 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common form of primary malignant brain tumour. These tumours are highly proliferative and infiltrative resulting in a median patient survival of only 14 months from diagnosis. The current treatment regimens are ineffective against the small population of cancer stem cells residing in the tumourigenic niche; however, a new therapeutic approach could involve the removal of these cells from the microenvironment that maintains the cancer stem cell phenotype. We have isolated multipotent sphere-forming cells from human high grade glioma (glioma sphere-forming cells (GSCs)) to investigate the adhesive and migratory properties of these cells in vitro. We have focused on the role of two closely related metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17 due to their high expression in glioblastoma and GSCs and their ability to activate cytokines and growth factors. Here, we report that ADAM10 and ADAM17 inhibition selectively increases GSC, but not neural stem cell, migration and that the migrated GSCs exhibit a differentiated phenotype. We also observed a correlation between nestin, a stem/progenitor marker, and fibronectin, an extracellular matrix protein, expression in high grade glioma tissues. GSCs adherence on fibronectin is mediated by α5β1 integrin, where fibronectin further promotes GSC migration and is an effective candidate for in vivo cancer stem cell migration out of the tumourigenic niche. Our results suggest that therapies against ADAM10 and ADAM17 may promote cancer stem cell migration away from the tumourigenic niche resulting in a differentiated phenotype that is more susceptible to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie J Siney
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. .,Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. .,Southampton General Hospital, LF51, South Laboratory Block, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - Alexander Holden
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Elizabeth Casselden
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Harry Bulstrode
- Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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Abstract
The Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration (CHDSCR) was founded in 2004 as a cross-disciplinary research and translational program within the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Southampton. The Centre undertakes fundamental research into early development and stem cells together with applied translational research for patient benefit. The Centre has vibrant and thriving multidisciplinary research programs that harness the translational strength of the Faculty together with an innovative Stem Cell PhD program, outstanding clinical infrastructure and enterprise to deliver on this vision.
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Qu M, Qiu BO, Xiong W, Chen D, Wu A. Expression of a-disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 correlates with grade of malignancy in human glioma. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:2157-2162. [PMID: 26137031 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of a-disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) in human glioma tissues from surgical specimens and discuss its possible significance in glioma biology. A total of 43 glioma specimens obtained from patients between 2007 and 2010 were collected and a series of assays were performed. Of these, 22 cases were low-grade gliomas, while 21 cases were high-grade gliomas. In addition, 20 cases of meningioma were used as the control group. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of ADAM10. Besides the quantitative analysis, histological observations were also performed to localize ADAM10 expression in glioma cells. The RT-PCR and western blot analysis results demonstrated increased ADAM10 expression in the low-grade glioma samples compared with the control (P<0.05), while ADAM10 expression was further increased in the high-grade glioma samples (P<0.01 vs. control; P<0.05 vs. low-grade glioma), indicating that the mRNA and protein expression levels of ADAM10 were malignancy-dependent. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the ADAM10 protein was located on both the tumor cell membrane and blood vessel walls within tumor tissues. In conclusion, these results indicated that ADAM10 expression correlates with the grade of malignancy in human glioma from surgical specimens. In addition, the fact that ADAM10 protein was expressed on cell membranes and blood vessel walls within tumor tissues, indicates that its expression may be associated with invasive tumor growth and peritumoral edema formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Dalian City, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - B O Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wende Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Dalian City, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Dalian City, Dalian, Liaoning 116033, P.R. China
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Sarkar S, Zemp FJ, Senger D, Robbins SM, Yong VW. ADAM-9 is a novel mediator of tenascin-C-stimulated invasiveness of brain tumor-initiating cells. Neuro Oncol 2015; 17:1095-105. [PMID: 25646025 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix protein overexpressed in malignant gliomas, stimulates invasion of conventional glioma cell lines (U251, U87). However, there is a dearth of such information on glioma stemlike cells. Here, we have addressed whether and how TNC may regulate the invasiveness of brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) that give rise to glioma progenies. METHODS Transwell inserts coated with extracellular matrix proteins were used to determine the role of TNC in BTIC invasion. Microarray analysis, lentiviral constructs, RNA interference-mediated knockdown, and activity assay ascertained the role of proteases in TNC-stimulated BTIC invasion in culture. Involvement of proteases was validated using orthotopic brain xenografts in mice. RESULTS TNC stimulated BTIC invasiveness in a metalloproteinase-dependent manner. A global gene expression screen identified the metalloproteinase ADAM-9 as a potential regulator of TNC-stimulated BTIC invasiveness, and this was corroborated by an increase of ADAM-9 protein in 4 glioma patient-derived BTIC lines. Notably, RNA interference to ADAM-9, as well as inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase), attenuated TNC-stimulated ADAM-9 expression, proteolytic activity, and BTIC invasiveness. The relevance of ADAM-9 to tumor invasiveness was validated using resected human glioblastoma specimens and orthotopic xenografts where elevation of ADAM-9 and TNC expression was prominent at the invasive front of the tumor. CONCLUSIONS This study has identified TNC as a promoter of the invasiveness of BTICs through a mechanism involving ADAM-9 proteolysis via the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susobhan Sarkar
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); The Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (F.J.Z., D.S., S.M.R.)
| | - Franz J Zemp
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); The Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (F.J.Z., D.S., S.M.R.)
| | - Donna Senger
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); The Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (F.J.Z., D.S., S.M.R.)
| | - Stephen M Robbins
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); The Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (F.J.Z., D.S., S.M.R.)
| | - V Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (S.S., V.W.Y.); The Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (F.J.Z., D.S., S.M.R.)
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13
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Iarosz KC, Borges FS, Batista AM, Baptista MS, Siqueira RAN, Viana RL, Lopes SR. Mathematical model of brain tumour with glia-neuron interactions and chemotherapy treatment. J Theor Biol 2015; 368:113-21. [PMID: 25596516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it became clear that a better understanding of the interactions among the main elements involved in the cancer network is necessary for the treatment of cancer and the suppression of cancer growth. In this work we propose a system of coupled differential equations that model brain tumour under treatment by chemotherapy, which considers interactions among the glial cells, the glioma, the neurons, and the chemotherapeutic agents. We study the conditions for the glioma growth to be eliminated, and identify values of the parameters for which the inhibition of the glioma growth is obtained with a minimal loss of healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Iarosz
- Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Fernando S Borges
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências/Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Antonio M Batista
- Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, UK; Pós-Graduação em Ciências/Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil; Departamento de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Murilo S Baptista
- Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Aberdeen, UK
| | - Regiane A N Siqueira
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências/Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo L Viana
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sergio R Lopes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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14
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Dihydroartemisinin suppresses glioma proliferation and invasion via inhibition of the ADAM17 pathway. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:435-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Forsyth PA, Krishna N, Lawn S, Valadez JG, Qu X, Fenstermacher DA, Fournier M, Potthast L, Chinnaiyan P, Gibney GT, Zeinieh M, Barker PA, Carter BD, Cooper MK, Kenchappa RS. p75 neurotrophin receptor cleavage by α- and γ-secretases is required for neurotrophin-mediated proliferation of brain tumor-initiating cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8067-85. [PMID: 24519935 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.513762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are highly invasive, proliferative, and resistant to treatment. Previously, we have shown that p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a novel mediator of invasion of human glioma cells. However, the role of p75NTR in glioma proliferation is unknown. Here we used brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) and show that BTICs express neurotrophin receptors (p75NTR, TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC) and their ligands (NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin 3) and secrete NGF. Down-regulation of p75NTR significantly decreased proliferation of BTICs. Conversely, exogenouous NGF stimulated BTIC proliferation through α- and γ-secretase-mediated p75NTR cleavage and release of its intracellular domain (ICD). In contrast, overexpression of the p75NTR ICD induced proliferation. Interestingly, inhibition of Trk signaling blocked NGF-stimulated BTIC proliferation and p75NTR cleavage, indicating a role of Trk in p75NTR signaling. Further, blocking p75NTR cleavage attenuated Akt activation in BTICs, suggesting role of Akt in p75NTR-mediated proliferation. We also found that p75NTR, α-secretases, and the four subunits of the γ-secretase enzyme were elevated in glioblastoma multiformes patients. Importantly, the ICD of p75NTR was commonly found in malignant glioma patient specimens, suggesting that the receptor is activated and cleaved in patient tumors. These results suggest that p75NTR proteolysis is required for BTIC proliferation and is a novel potential clinical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Forsyth
- From the Department of Neuro-Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute and
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Wolpert F, Tritschler I, Steinle A, Weller M, Eisele G. A disintegrin and metalloproteinases 10 and 17 modulate the immunogenicity of glioblastoma-initiating cells. Neuro Oncol 2013; 16:382-91. [PMID: 24327582 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are emerging reports that the family of a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAM) are involved in the maintenance of the malignant phenotype of glioblastomas. Notably, ADAM proteases 10 and 17 might impair the immune recognition of glioma cells via the activating immunoreceptor NKG2D by cleavage of its ligands from the cell surface. Glioblastoma-initiating cells (GIC) with stem cell properties have been identified as an attractive target for immunotherapy. However, GIC immunogenicity seems to be low. METHODS AND RESULTS Here,we show that ADAM10 and ADAM17 are expressed on the cell surface of GIC and contribute to an immunosuppressive phenotype by cleavage of ULBP2. The cell surface expression of ULBP2 is enhanced upon blocking ADAM10 and ADAM17, and treatment with ADAM10 and ADAM17specific inhibitors leads to enhanced immunerecognition of GIC by natural killer cells. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, ADAM10 and ADAM17 constitute suitable targets to boost an immune response against GIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wolpert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (F.W., I.T., M.W., G.E.); Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.S.)
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