1
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Inverso D, Tacconi C, Ranucci S, De Giovanni M. The power of many: Multilevel targeting of representative chemokine and metabolite GPCRs in personalized cancer therapy. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350870. [PMID: 39263783 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are vital cell surface receptors that govern a myriad of physiological functions. Despite their crucial role in regulating antitumor immunity and tumorigenesis, therapeutic applications targeting GPCRs in oncology are currently limited. This review offers a focused examination of selected protumorigenic chemokine and metabolite-sensing GPCRs. Specifically, the review highlights five GPCRs able to orchestrate tumor immunobiology at three main levels: tumor immunity, cancer cell expansion, and blood vessel development. The review culminates by illuminating emerging therapies and discussing innovative strategies to harness the full potential of GPCR-targeted treatments, by applying a multireceptor and patient-specific logic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Inverso
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Tacconi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Ranucci
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco De Giovanni
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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2
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Tian J, Zhang L, La X, An Y, Fan X, Li Z. QPH-FR: A Novel Quinoa Peptide Enhances Chemosensitivity by Targeting Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G Protein-Coupled Receptor 5 in Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17417-17430. [PMID: 39047262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the difficulties in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the enhanced stemness of tumor cells is the underlying contributing factor. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a classical marker of CRC stem cells and can be an important potential target for CRC chemotherapy. Quinoa, a protein-rich plant, offers potential as a source of high-quality active peptides. Novelly, the study obtained quinoa protein hydrolysate (QPH) from whole quinoa grains by simulated digestion. In vivo experiments revealed that the tumor volume in the 5-FU+QPH group decreased from 145.90 ± 13.35 to 94.49 ± 13.05 mm3 in the 5-FU group, suggesting that QPH enhances the chemosensitivity of CRC. Further, the most effective peptide QPH-FR from 631 peptides in QPH was screened by activity prediction, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Mechanistically, QPH-FR competitively suppressed the formation of the LGR5/RSPO1 complex by binding to LGR5, causing RNF43/ZNRF3 to ubiquitinate the FZD receptor, thereby suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and exerting stemness inhibition. In summary, the study proposes that a novel peptide QPH-FR from quinoa elucidates the mechanism by which QPH-FR targets LGR5 to enhance chemosensitivity, providing theoretical support for the development of chemotherapeutic adjuvant drugs based on plant peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lichao Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoqin La
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuxuan An
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaxia Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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3
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Varol A, Klauck SM, Dantzer F, Efferth T. Enhancing cisplatin drug sensitivity through PARP3 inhibition: The influence on PDGF and G-coupled signal pathways in cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111094. [PMID: 38830565 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment despite the clinical efficacy of cisplatin. Identifying and targeting biomarkers open new ways to improve therapeutic outcomes. In this study, comprehensive bioinformatic analyses were employed, including a comparative analysis of multiple datasets, to evaluate overall survival and mutation hotspots in 27 base excision repair (BER) genes of more than 7,500 tumors across 23 cancer types. By using various parameters influencing patient survival, revealing that the overexpression of 15 distinct BER genes, particularly PARP3, NEIL3, and TDG, consistently correlated with poorer survival across multiple factors such as race, gender, and metastasis. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses within protein-coding regions highlighted the potential deleterious effects of mutations on protein structure and function. The investigation of mutation hotspots in BER proteins identified PARP3 due to its high mutation frequency. Moving from bioinformatics to wet lab experiments, cytotoxic experiments demonstrated that the absence of PARP3 by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells increased drug activity towards cisplatin, carboplatin, and doxorubicin. Pathway analyses indicated the impact of PARP3 absence on the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and G-coupled signal pathways on cisplatin exposure. PDGF, a critical regulator of various cellular functions, was downregulated in the absence of PARP3, suggesting a role in cancer progression. Moreover, the influence of PARP3 knockdown on G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) affects their function in the presence of cisplatin. In conclusion, the study demonstrated a synthetic lethal interaction between GPCRs, PDGF signaling pathways, and PARP3 gene silencing. PARP3 emerged as a promising target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Varol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), NCT Heidelberg, a Partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Françoise Dantzer
- Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and Genome Integrity, Laboratoire d'Excellence Medalis, UMR7242, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Recherche de l'Ecole de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, 300 bld. S. Brant, CS10413, 67412, Illkirch, France
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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4
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Aksamit N, Hou J, Li Y, Ombuki-Berman B. Integrating transformers and many-objective optimization for drug design. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:208. [PMID: 38849719 PMCID: PMC11161990 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug design is a challenging and important task that requires the generation of novel and effective molecules that can bind to specific protein targets. Artificial intelligence algorithms have recently showed promising potential to expedite the drug design process. However, existing methods adopt multi-objective approaches which limits the number of objectives. RESULTS In this paper, we expand this thread of research from the many-objective perspective, by proposing a novel framework that integrates a latent Transformer-based model for molecular generation, with a drug design system that incorporates absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity prediction, molecular docking, and many-objective metaheuristics. We compared the performance of two latent Transformer models (ReLSO and FragNet) on a molecular generation task and show that ReLSO outperforms FragNet in terms of reconstruction and latent space organization. We then explored six different many-objective metaheuristics based on evolutionary algorithms and particle swarm optimization on a drug design task involving potential drug candidates to human lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1, a cancer-related protein target. CONCLUSION We show that multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on dominance and decomposition performs the best in terms of finding molecules that satisfy many objectives, such as high binding affinity and low toxicity, and high drug-likeness. Our framework demonstrates the potential of combining Transformers and many-objective computational intelligence for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Aksamit
- Department of Computer Science, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Yifeng Li
- Department of Computer Science, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
| | - Beatrice Ombuki-Berman
- Department of Computer Science, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
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5
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Wang Z, Pan F, Zhang G. Expression and prognostic role of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1PR4) as a biomarker of skin cutaneous melanoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27505. [PMID: 38468937 PMCID: PMC10926139 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most lethal skin malignancies worldwide. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) regulates tumor cells through S1P receptors (S1PRs). Unlike S1PR1/2/3/5, whose anti-apoptotic effects have been widely studied, the regulatory effect of S1PR4 on tumors has not been studied extensively. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between S1PR4 expression and survival, clinical manifestations, tumor microenvironment, and immune infiltration in patients with SKCM. Results Low S1PR4 expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with SKCM. Patients in the high-expression group had significantly longer disease survival and progression-free survival than those in the low-expression group. Conclusion High S1PR4 expression was highly associated with better prognosis and milder clinical manifestations; thus, S1PR4 may be used as a prognostic marker to help physicians monitor patients with SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Sharma M, Verma S, Angurana SL, Tufail Z, Bhagat V, Nagyal S, Jamwal RS, Sharma B, Shah R, Bhat A, Chander G, Kumar R. Exome sequencing identifies ADGRG4 G-protein-coupled receptors gene as a novel cancer biomarker in ovarian cancer patients from North India. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23672. [PMID: 38462741 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G4 (ADGRG4) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that belongs to the adhesion family. Participation of ADGRG4 in cell adhesion and migration, signaling pathway activation, influence on angiogenesis, and modulation of immune responses are some of the possible ways through which it may contribute to oncogenesis. Conducting extensive omics studies poses budgetary challenges to small labs in peripheral areas, primarily due to restricted research funding and resource limitations. Here we propose a low-budget model for biomarker screening. A total of 11 ovarian cancer samples were sent for exome sequencing. Among various genes, ADGRG4 variants were present in all 11 samples and thus were chosen as a potential biomarker in the present population. However, the precise role of ADGRG4 in cancer is not fully understood. The present study aims to look at the association between the ADGRG4 gene variants and their risk of ovarian cancer in the North Indian region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Overall, 235 individuals (115 cases and 120 healthy controls) were genotyped for the selected biomarker using Sanger sequencing. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between the variant and ovarian cancer. A statistically significant association was identified between the ADGRG4 variant rs5930932 polymorphism and the incidence of ovarian cancer among the study population. When corrected for age and BMI, the dominating OR of variant rs5930932 was 1.035 (1.003-1.069) under HWE patients (0.95) and controls (0.18), with a p-value of (0.03). According to the findings of the current investigation, the ADGRG4 gene variant rs5930932 increases the chance of developing ovarian cancer in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Sonali Verma
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Centre for Advance Research, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | | | - Ziya Tufail
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Vanshika Bhagat
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Sonia Nagyal
- Department of Histopathology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Multispeciality Clinic, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Katra, India
| | | | - Bhawani Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ruchi Shah
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Audesh Bhat
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Gresh Chander
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Centre for Advance Research, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research-Centre for Advance Research, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
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Deb R, Sengar GS, Sonowal J, Pegu SR, Das PJ, Singh I, Chakravarti S, Selvaradjou A, Attupurum N, Rajkhowa S, Gupta VK. Transcriptome signatures of host tissue infected with African swine fever virus reveal differential expression of associated oncogenes. Arch Virol 2024; 169:54. [PMID: 38381218 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) has emerged as a threat to swine production worldwide. Evasion of host immunity by ASF virus (ASFV) is well understood. However, the role of ASFV in triggering oncogenesis is still unclear. In the present study, ASFV-infected kidney tissue samples were subjected to Illumina-based transcriptome analysis. A total of 2463 upregulated and 825 downregulated genes were differentially expressed (p < 0.05). A literature review revealed that the majority of the differentially expressed host genes were key molecules in signaling pathways involved in oncogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis indicated the activation of certain oncogenic KEGG pathways, including basal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, transcriptional deregulation in cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Analysis of host-virus interactions revealed that the upregulated oncogenic RELA (p65 transcription factor) protein of Sus scrofa can interact with the A238L (hypothetical protein of unknown function) of ASFV. Differential expression of oncogenes was confirmed by qRT-PCR, using the H3 histone family 3A gene (H3F3A) as an internal control to confirm the RNA-Seq data. The levels of gene expression indicated by qRT-PCR matched closely to those determined through RNA-Seq. These findings open up new possibilities for investigation of the mechanisms underlying ASFV infection and offer insights into the dynamic interaction between viral infection and oncogenic processes. However, as these investigations were conducted on pigs that died from natural ASFV infection, the role of ASFV in oncogenesis still needs to be investigated in controlled experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Deb
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India.
| | | | - Joyshikh Sonowal
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, 785001, India
| | - Seema Rani Pegu
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India
| | - Pranab Jyoti Das
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India.
| | | | - Soumendu Chakravarti
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
- Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nitin Attupurum
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India
| | - Swaraj Rajkhowa
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Assam, 781131, India.
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8
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Niu C, Wen H, Wang S, Shu G, Wang M, Yi H, Guo K, Pan Q, Yin G. Potential prognosis and immunotherapy predictor TFAP2A in pan-cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1021-1048. [PMID: 38265973 PMCID: PMC10866441 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TFAP2A is critical in regulating the expression of various genes, affecting various biological processes and driving tumorigenesis and tumor development. However, the significance of TFAP2A in carcinogenesis processes remains obscure. METHODS In our study, we explored multiple databases including TCGA, GTEx, HPA, cBioPortal, TCIA, and other well-established databases for further analysis to expound TFAP2A expression, genetic alternations, and their relationship with the prognosis and cellular signaling network alternations. GO term and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis as well as GSEA were conducted to examine the common functions of TFAP2A. RT-qPCR, Western Blot and Dual Luciferase Reporter assay were employed to perform experimental validation. RESULTS TFAP2A mRNA expression level was upregulated and its genetic alternations were frequently present in most cancer types. The enrichment analysis results prompted us to investigate the changes in the tumor immune microenvironment further. We discovered that the expression of TFAP2A was significantly associated with the expression of immune checkpoint genes, immune subtypes, ESTIMATE scores, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and the possible role of TFAP2A in predicting immunotherapy efficacy. In addition, high TFAP2A expression significantly correlated with several ICP genes, and promoted the expression of PD-L1 on mRNA and protein levels through regulating its expression at the transcriptional level. TFAP2A protein level was upregulated in fresh colon tumor tissue samples compared to that in the adjacent normal tissues, which essentially positively correlated with the expression of PD-L1. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that targeting TFAP2A may provide a novel and effective strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Niu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haixuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shutong Wang
- Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Shu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Maonan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hanxi Yi
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Radak M, Ghamari N, Fallahi H. Identification of common factors among fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and osteosarcoma by network analysis. Biosystems 2024; 235:105093. [PMID: 38052344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.105093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoma cancers are uncommon malignant tumors, and there are many subgroups, including fibrosarcoma (FS), which mainly affects middle-aged and older adults in deep soft tissues. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), on the other hand, is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and is located in the head and neck area. Osteosarcomas (OS) is the predominant form of primary bone cancer among young adults, primarily resulting from sporadically random mutations. This frequently results in the dissemination of cancer cells to the lungs, commonly known as metastasis. Mesodermal cells are the origin of sarcoma cancers. In this study, a rather radical approach has been applied. Instead of comparing homogenous cancer types, we focus on three main subtypes of sarcoma: fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and osteosarcoma, and compare their gene expression with normal cell groups to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Next, by applying protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, we determine the hub genes and crucial factors, such as transcription factors (TFs), affected by these types of cancer. Our findings indicate a modification in a range of pathways associated with cell cycle, extracellular matrix, and DNA repair in these three malignancies. Results showed that fibrosarcoma (FS), rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), and osteosarcoma (OS) had 653, 1270, and 2823 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Interestingly, there were 24 DEGs common to all three types. Network analysis showed that the fibrosarcoma network had two sub-networks identified in FS that contributed to the catabolic process of collagen via the G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. The rhabdomyosarcoma network included nine sub-networks associated with cell division, extracellular matrix organization, mRNA splicing via spliceosome, and others. The osteosarcoma network has 13 sub-networks, including mRNA splicing, sister chromatid cohesion, DNA repair, etc. In conclusion, the common DEGs identified in this study have been shown to play significant and multiple roles in various other cancers based on the literature review, indicating their significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Radak
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Baq-e-Abrisham, Kermanshah, 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Nakisa Ghamari
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Baq-e-Abrisham, Kermanshah, 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Baq-e-Abrisham, Kermanshah, 6714967346, Iran.
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10
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Fan Y, Yan XY, Guan W. GPR56, an Adhesion GPCR with Multiple Roles in Human Diseases, Current Status and Future Perspective. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:558-573. [PMID: 38752635 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501298344240507080149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Human G protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56) belongs to a member of the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR) family and widely exists in the central nervous system and various types of tumor tissues. Recent studies have shown that abnormal expression or dysfunction of GPR56 is closely associated with many physiological and pathological processes, including brain development, neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancer progression. In addition, GPR56 has been proven to enhance the susceptibility of some antipsychotics and anticarcinogens in response to the treatment of neuropsychological diseases and cancer. Although there have been some reports about the functions of GPR56, the underlying mechanisms implicated in these diseases have not been clarified thoroughly, especially in depression and epilepsy. Therefore, in this review, we described the molecular structure and signal transduction pathway of GPR56 and carried out a comprehensive summary of GPR56's function in the development of psychiatric disorders and cancer. Our review showed that GPR56 deficiency led to depressive-like behaviors and an increase in resistance to antipsychotic treatment. In contrast, the upregulation of GPR56 contributed to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in malignant diseases such as glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Moreover, we elucidated specific signaling pathways downstream of GPR56 related to the pathogenesis of these diseases. In summary, our review provides compelling arguments for an attractive therapeutic target of GPR56 in improving the therapeutic efficiency for patients suffering from psychiatric disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Second People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiagang Second People's Hospital, Zhangjiagang 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Luo T, Huang W, Chu F, Zhu T, Feng B, Huang S, Hou J, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zeng W. The Dawn of a New Era: Tumor-Targeting Boron Agents for Neutron Capture Therapy. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4942-4970. [PMID: 37728998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is widely recognized as one of the most devastating diseases, necessitating the development of intelligent diagnostic techniques, targeted treatments, and early prognosis evaluation to ensure effective and personalized therapy. Conventional treatments, unfortunately, suffer from limitations and an increased risk of severe complications. In light of these challenges, boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment with unprecedented precision to selectively eliminate tumor cells. The distinctive and promising characteristics of BNCT hold the potential to revolutionize the field of oncology. However, the clinical application and advancement of BNCT technology face significant hindrance due to the inherent flaws and limited availability of current clinical drugs, which pose substantial obstacles to the practical implementation and continued progress of BNCT. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop efficient boron agents with higher boron content and specific tumor-targeting properties. Researchers aim to address this need by integrating tumor-targeting strategies with BNCT, with the ultimate goal of establishing BNCT as an effective, readily available, and cutting-edge treatment modality for cancer. This review delves into the recent advancements in integrating tumor-targeting strategies with BNCT, focusing on the progress made in developing boron agents specifically designed for BNCT. By exploring the current state of BNCT and emphasizing the prospects of tumor-targeting boron agents, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in BNCT and highlights its potential as a transformative treatment option for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wenzhi Huang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Feiyi Chu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jing Hou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liyong Zhu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shaihong Zhu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wenbin Zeng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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12
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Koval A, Zhang X, Katanaev VL. Improved approaches to channel capacity estimation discover compromised GPCR signaling in diverse cancer cells. iScience 2023; 26:107270. [PMID: 37502258 PMCID: PMC10368911 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling orchestrates an organism's development and functioning and underlies various pathologies, such as cancer, when aberrant. A universal cell signaling characteristic is channel capacity - the measure of how much information a given transmitting system can reliably transduce. Here, we describe improved approaches to quantify GPCR signaling channel capacity in single cells, averaged across cell population. We assess the channel capacity based on distribution of residuals by the cellular response amplitude. We further develop means to handle irregularly responding cancer cells using the integral values of their response to different agonist concentrations. These approaches enabled us to analyze, for the first time, channel capacity in single cancer cells. A universal feature emerging for different cancer cell types is a decreased channel capacity of their GPCR signaling. These findings provide experimental validation to the hypothesis that cancer is an information disease, bearing importance for basic cancer biology and anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Koval
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L. Katanaev
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
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13
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Broso F, Gatto P, Sidarovich V, Ambrosini C, De Sanctis V, Bertorelli R, Zaccheroni E, Ricci B, Destefanis E, Longhi S, Sebastiani E, Tebaldi T, Adami V, Quattrone A. Alpha-1 Adrenergic Antagonists Sensitize Neuroblastoma to Therapeutic Differentiation. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2733-2749. [PMID: 37289021 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive childhood tumor, with high-risk cases having a 5-year overall survival probability of approximately 50%. The multimodal therapeutic approach for NB includes treatment with the retinoid isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid; 13cRA), which is used in the post-consolidation phase as an antiproliferation and prodifferentiation agent to minimize residual disease and prevent relapse. Through small-molecule screening, we identified isorhamnetin (ISR) as a synergistic compound with 13cRA in inhibiting up to 80% of NB cell viability. The synergistic effect was accompanied by a marked increase in the expression of the adrenergic receptor α1B (ADRA1B) gene. Genetic knockout of ADRA1B or its specific blockade using α1/α1B adrenergic antagonists led to selective sensitization of MYCN-amplified NB cells to cell viability reduction and neural differentiation induced by 13cRA, thus mimicking ISR activity. Administration of doxazosin, a safe α1-antagonist used in pediatric patients, in combination with 13cRA in NB xenografted mice exerted marked control of tumor growth, whereas each drug alone was ineffective. Overall, this study identified the α1B adrenergic receptor as a pharmacologic target in NB, supporting the evaluation of adding α1-antagonists to the post-consolidation therapy of NB to more efficiently control residual disease. SIGNIFICANCE Targeting α-adrenergic receptors synergizes with isotretinoin to suppress growth and to promote differentiation of neuroblastoma, revealing a combinatorial approach for more effective management of the disease and prevention of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Broso
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Pamela Gatto
- High-Throughput Screening (HTS) and Validation Core Facility, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Viktoryia Sidarovich
- High-Throughput Screening (HTS) and Validation Core Facility, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Ambrosini
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Veronica De Sanctis
- Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Core Facility LaBSSAH, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Bertorelli
- Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Core Facility LaBSSAH, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elena Zaccheroni
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Benedetta Ricci
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eliana Destefanis
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Sara Longhi
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Enrico Sebastiani
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Toma Tebaldi
- Laboratory of RNA and Disease Data Science, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Section of Hematology, Yale Cancer Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Valentina Adami
- High-Throughput Screening (HTS) and Validation Core Facility, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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14
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Bogen KT. Ultrasensitive dose-response for asbestos cancer risk implied by new inflammation-mutation model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 230:115047. [PMID: 36965808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in complex cellular phenotype each typically involve multistep activation of an ultrasensitive molecular switch (e.g., to adaptively initiate an apoptosis, inflammasome, Nrf2-ARE anti-oxidant, or heat-shock activation pathway) that triggers expression of a suite of target genes while efficiently limiting false-positive switching from a baseline state. Such switches exhibit nonlinear signal-activation relationships. In contrast, a linear no-threshold (LNT) dose-response relationship is expected for damage that accumulates in proportion to dose, as hypothesized for increased risk of cancer in relation to genotoxic dose according to the multistage somatic mutation/clonal-expansion theory of cancer, e.g., as represented in the Moolgavkar-Venzon-Knudsen (MVK) cancer model by a doubly stochastic nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Mesothelioma and lung cancer induced by exposure to carcinogenic (e.g., certain asbestos) fibers in humans and experimental animals are thought to involve modes of action driven by mutations, cytotoxicity-associated inflammation, or both, rendering ambiguous expectations concerning the nature of model-implied shape of the low-dose response for above-background increase in risk of incurring these endpoints. A recent Inflammation Somatic Mutation (ISM) theory of cancer posits instead that tissue-damage-associated inflammation that epigenetically recruits, activates and orchestrates stem cells to engage in tissue repair does not merely promote cancer, but rather is a requisite co-initiator (acting together with as few as two somatic mutations) of the most efficient pathway to any type of cancer in any reparable tissue (Dose-Response 2019; 17(2):1-12). This theory is reviewed, implications of this theory are discussed in relation to mesothelioma and lung cancer associated with chronic asbestos inhalation, one of the two types of ISM-required mutations is here hypothesized to block or impede inflammation resolution (e.g., by doing so for GPCR-mediated signal transduction by one or more endogenous autacoid specialized pro-resolving mediators or SPMs), and supporting evidence for this hypothesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth T Bogen
- 9832 Darcy Forest Drive, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, United States.
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15
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Fischer GM, Gliem TJ, Greipp PT, Rosenberg AE, Folpe AL, Hornick JL. Anaplastic Kaposi Sarcoma: A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Genetic Analysis. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100191. [PMID: 37080393 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)-associated vascular proliferation that most often involves the skin. Rarely, KS shows marked nuclear atypia or pleomorphism; such examples are known as "anaplastic" KS. This poorly characterized variant often pursues an aggressive course; little is known of its genetic landscape. This study evaluated the clinicopathologic and genomic features of anaplastic KS. We identified 9 anaplastic KS cases from 7 patients and 8 conventional KS cases, including a matched conventional KS and primary metastasis anaplastic KS pair from a single patient (anaplastic KS diagnosed 9 years after conventional KS). All patients with anaplastic KS were men, aged 51 to 82 years, who had locally aggressive tumors predominantly affecting the soft tissue and bone of the lower extremities (5/7 patients). Four patients were known to be HIV positive (all on antiretrovirals), 2 were HIV negative, and 1 was of unknown HIV status. The tumors showed angiosarcoma-like or pleomorphic spindle cell sarcoma morphology. Plasma cell-rich chronic inflammation and hemosiderin deposition were commonly present. Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based chromosomal microarray analysis showed the anaplastic KS cohort to demonstrate highly recurrent whole chromosome (chr) gains of chr 7, 11, 19, and 21, which primarily affected olfactory and G protein-coupled receptor signaling and losses of chr6_q and chrY. Compared with conventional KS, anaplastic KS cases showed significantly more total copy number alterations and more frequent gains of chr7 and chr11_q13.1 (MARK2, RELA, and ESRRA, including high copy number gain in 1 case). Pathway analysis demonstrated that these gains preferentially affected genes that facilitate cyclin-dependent cell signaling. Furthermore, anaplastic KS cases were phylogenetically distinct from conventional KS cases, including the patient-matched primary metastasis anaplastic KS pair and conventional KS. Our study is the first to demonstrate that a more complex genome and distinct copy number alterations distinguish anaplastic KS from conventional KS. Gains of chr7 and chr11_q13.1 appear central to biological transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant M Fischer
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Troy J Gliem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Patricia T Greipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew E Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Andrew L Folpe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jason L Hornick
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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16
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Alencar AKN, Swan KF, Pridjian G, Lindsey SH, Bayer CL. Connecting G protein-coupled estrogen receptor biomolecular mechanisms with the pathophysiology of preeclampsia: a review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:60. [PMID: 37393260 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the course of pregnancy, small maternal spiral arteries that are in contact with fetal tissue undergo structural remodeling, lose smooth muscle cells, and become less responsive to vasoconstrictors. Additionally, placental extravillous trophoblasts invade the maternal decidua to establish an interaction between the fetal placental villi with the maternal blood supply. When successful, this process enables the transport of oxygen, nutrients, and signaling molecules but an insufficiency leads to placental ischemia. In response, the placenta releases vasoactive factors that enter the maternal circulation and promote maternal cardiorenal dysfunction, a hallmark of preeclampsia (PE), the leading cause of maternal and fetal death. An underexplored mechanism in the development of PE is the impact of membrane-initiated estrogen signaling via the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). Recent evidence indicates that GPER activation is associated with normal trophoblast invasion, placental angiogenesis/hypoxia, and regulation of uteroplacental vasodilation, and these mechanisms could explain part of the estrogen-induced control of uterine remodeling and placental development in pregnancy. CONCLUSION Although the relevance of GPER in PE remains speculative, this review provides a summary of our current understanding on how GPER stimulation regulates some of the features of normal pregnancy and a potential link between its signaling network and uteroplacental dysfunction in PE. Synthesis of this information will facilitate the development of innovative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth F Swan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Gabriella Pridjian
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Sarah H Lindsey
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Carolyn L Bayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 500 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
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17
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Gu X, Shen H, Xiang Z, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Su F, Wang Z. Exploring the Correlation Between GPR176, a Potential Target Gene of Gastric Cancer, and Immune Cell Infiltration. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:519-535. [PMID: 37284492 PMCID: PMC10241216 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s411199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction GPR176, an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is essential for the progression of gastrointestinal cancers. However, it is still unclear how GPR176 affects tumor immunity and patient prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were searched in this investigation to assess the expression patterns of GPR176 in GC tissues and normal gastric mucosa. The findings were further verified using immunohistochemical tests and quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The Kaplan-Meier method, univariate logistic regression, and Cox regression were then used to investigate the relationship between GPR176 and clinical traits. Additionally, the potential correlation between GPR176, immune checkpoint genes, and immune cell infiltration levels was investigated. Results As per the research findings, GC tissues had higher levels of GPR176 than normal tissues. Additionally, individuals with high expression of GPR176 had a worse 10-year overall survival (OS), in contrast with those having a low expression of GPR176 (p < 0.001). The OS of GC can be predicted using a validated nomogram model. The expression of GPR176 demonstrated a negative correlation with CD8+ T cells. When compared to the low-expression group of GPR176, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) analysis demonstrated that the high-expression group had a considerably higher risk of immune evasion. A remarkable difference (variation) was observed in the levels of GPR176 expression across both groups, ie, low and high-risk groups, as determined by the immune phenomenon scores (IPS) immunotherapy assessment. Conclusion By examining GPR176 from various biological perspectives, it was determined that GPR176 can act as a predictive biomarker for poor patient prognosis in GC. Additionally, it was observed that GPR176 is capable of suppressing the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and facilitating immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Gu
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghong Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zishu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Fang W, Yu X, Deng J, Yu B, Xiong J, Ma M. Upregulated GPRC5A disrupting the Hippo pathway promotes the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells via the cAMP-CREB axis. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 36735162 PMCID: PMC9898488 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate worldwide, and is predicted to be third leading cause of death in the near future. However, the regulatory mechanisms that inhibit the progression of pancreatic cancer remain elusive. Currently, exploring the function and mechanisms of GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) is an important way to discover promising therapeutic targets for cancer. METHODS GPRC5A expression was measured using real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot assays. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using CCK-8, clone formation, wound-healing and transwell assays. A cytosolic/nuclear distribution experiment was used to detect the protein location transfer. A xenograft model of pancreatic cancer was established to explore the role of GPRC5A in vivo. RESULTS GPRC5A expression was increased in pancreatic cancer, and disruption of GPRC5A expression inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, GPRC5A positively regulated the transcription of YAP1 through cAMP-CREB signaling. Moreover, we show that the proliferation and migration induced by GPRC5A in pancreatic cancer could be rescued by inhibiting YAP1 expression. CONCLUSIONS GPRC5A interacts with the Hippo pathway to promote the progression of pancreatic cancer. These findings reveal an important crosstalk model and provide potential targets for pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidan Fang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, China.
| | - Mei Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, China.
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19
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Guan L, Yuan S, Ma J, Liu H, Huang L, Zhang F. Neurokinin-1 receptor is highly expressed in cervical cancer and its antagonist induces cervical cancer cell apoptosis. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67. [PMID: 36629320 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) belongs to tachykinin receptor family. Recent studies have suggested that NK1R was upregulated in cancer tissues including breast cancer, glioma and melanoma. Furthermore, NK1R antagonists have been employed to exert anti-tumor effect and promote cancer cell apoptosis. However, the role of NK1R in cervical cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to detect the expression of NK1R in cervical cancer and evaluate the anti-tumor effects of NK1R antagonist on cervical cancer cells. We found that NK1R was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues than in adjacent normal cervical tissues. Furthermore, by using NK1R antagonist we demonstrated that NK1R antagonist inhibited the viability and induced the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of ERK activation and the regulation of apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and BAX. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NK1R plays an oncogenic role in cervical cancer and is a promising target for cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Guan
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang.
| | - Shifa Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Hebei Province Crop of Chinese Armed Police Force, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang .
| | - Fengzhen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.
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20
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Chen H, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Targeting GRK2 and GRK5 for treating chronic degenerative diseases: Advances and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Ciszewski WM, Sobierajska K, Stasiak A, Wagner W. Lactate drives cellular DNA repair capacity: Role of lactate and related short-chain fatty acids in cervical cancer chemoresistance and viral infection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1012254. [PMID: 36340042 PMCID: PMC9627168 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1012254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristic feature of a cancer microenvironment is the presence of a highly elevated concentration of L-lactate in the tumor niche. The lactate-rich environment is also maintained by commensal mucosal microbiota, which has immense potential for affecting cancer cells through its receptoric and epigenetic modes of action. Some of these lactate activities might be associated with the failure of anticancer therapy as a consequence of the drug resistance acquired by cancer cells. Upregulation of cellular DNA repair capacity and enhanced drug efflux are the most important cellular mechanisms that account for ineffective radiotherapy and drug-based therapies. Here, we present the recent scientific knowledge on the role of the HCA1 receptor for lactate and lactate intrinsic activity as an HDAC inhibitor in the development of an anticancer therapy-resistant tumor phenotype, with special focus on cervical cancer cells. In addition, a recent study highlighted the viable role of interactions between mammalian cells and microorganisms in the female reproductive tract and demonstrated an interesting mechanism regulating the efficacy of retroviral transduction through lactate-driven modulation of DNA-PKcs cellular localization. To date, very few studies have focused on the mechanisms of lactate-driven enhancement of DNA repair and upregulation of particular multidrug-resistance proteins in cancer cells with respect to their intracellular regulatory mechanisms triggered by lactate. This review presents the main achievements in the field of lactate impact on cell biology that may promote undesirable alterations in cancer physiology and mitigate retroviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Stasiak
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Waldemar Wagner
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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22
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Li Y, Fan Y, Xu J, Huo L, Scott AW, Jin J, Yang B, Shao S, Ma L, Wang Y, Yao X, Pool Pizzi M, Sewastjanow Da Silva M, Zhang G, Zhuo L, Cho EJ, Dalby KN, Shanbhag ND, Wang Z, Li W, Song S, Ajani JA. GRK3 is a poor prognosticator and serves as a therapeutic target in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:257. [PMID: 35996148 PMCID: PMC9396876 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is the most targeted protein family by the FDA-approved drugs. GPCR-kinase 3 (GRK3) is critical for GPCR signaling. Our genomic analysis showed that GRK3 expression correlated with poor prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients. However, GRK3’s functions and clinical utility in GAC progression and metastases are unknown.
Methods
We studied GRK3 expression in normal, primary, and metastatic GAC tissues. We identified a novel GRK3 inhibitor, LD2, through a chemical-library screen. Through genetic and pharmacologic modulations of GRK3, a series of functional and molecular studies were performed in vitro and in vivo. Impact of GRK3 on YAP1 and its targets was determined.
Results
GRK3 was overexpressed in GAC tissues compared to normal and was even higher in peritoneal metastases. Overexpression (OE) of GRK3 was significantly associated with shorter survival. Upregulation of GRK3 in GAC cells increased cell invasion, colony formation, and proportion of ALDH1+ cells, while its downregulation reduced these attributes. Further, LD2 potently and specifically inhibited GRK3, but not GRK2, a very similar kinase to GRK3. LD2 highly suppressed GAC cells’ malignant phenotypes in vitro. Mechanistically, GRK3 upregulated YAP1 in GAC tissues and its transcriptional downstream targets: SOX9, Birc5, Cyr61 and CTGF. Knockdown (KD) YAP1 rescued the phenotypes of GRK3 OE in GAC cells. GRK3 OE significantly increased tumor growth but LD2 inhibited tumor growth in the PDX model and dramatically suppressed peritoneal metastases induced by GRK3 OE.
Conclusions
GRK3, a poor prognosticator for survival, conferred aggressive phenotype. Genetic silencing of GRK3 or its inhibitor LD2 blunted GRK3-conferred malignant attributes, suggesting GRK3 as a novel therapeutic target in advanced GAC.
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Nagel DJ, Rackow AR, Ku WY, Bell TJ, Sime PJ, Kottmann RM. Cell-Type-Specific Effects of the Ovarian Cancer G-Protein Coupled Receptor (OGR1) on Inflammation and Fibrosis; Potential Implications for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:2540. [PMID: 36010617 PMCID: PMC9406836 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease characterized by irreversible lung scarring. The pathophysiology is not fully understood, but the working hypothesis postulates that a combination of epithelial injury and myofibroblast differentiation drives progressive pulmonary fibrosis. We previously demonstrated that a reduction in extracellular pH activates latent TGF-β1, and that TGF-β1 then drives its own activation, creating a feed-forward mechanism that propagates myofibroblast differentiation. Given the important roles of extracellular pH in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, we sought to identify whether pH mediates other cellular phenotypes independent of TGF-β1. Proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptors are activated by acidic environments, but their role in fibrosis has not been studied. Here, we report that the Ovarian Cancer G-Protein Coupled Receptor1 (OGR1 or GPR68) has dual roles in both promoting and mitigating pulmonary fibrosis. We demonstrate that OGR1 protein expression is significantly reduced in lung tissue from patients with IPF and that TGF-β1 decreases OGR1 expression. In fibroblasts, OGR1 inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and does not contribute to inflammation. However, in epithelial cells, OGR1 promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation. We then demonstrate that sub-cellular localization and alternative signaling pathways may be responsible for the differential effect of OGR1 in each cell type. Our results suggest that strategies to selectively target OGR1 expression may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Nagel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ashley R. Rackow
- Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Wei-Yao Ku
- BMW of North America, Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07675, USA
| | - Tyler J. Bell
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Patricia J. Sime
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Robert Matthew Kottmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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24
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Secchi V, Monguzzi A, Villa I. Design Principles of Hybrid Nanomaterials for Radiotherapy Enhanced by Photodynamic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8736. [PMID: 35955867 PMCID: PMC9369190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation (RT) remains the most frequently used treatment against cancer. The main limitation of RT is its lack of specificity for cancer tissues and the limited maximum radiation dose that can be safely delivered without damaging the surrounding healthy tissues. A step forward in the development of better RT is achieved by coupling it with other treatments, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is an anti-cancer therapy that relies on the light activation of non-toxic molecules-called photosensitizers-to generate ROS such as singlet oxygen. By conjugating photosensitizers to dense nanoscintillators in hybrid architectures, the PDT could be activated during RT, leading to cell death through an additional pathway with respect to the one activated by RT alone. Therefore, combining RT and PDT can lead to a synergistic enhancement of the overall efficacy of RT. However, the involvement of hybrids in combination with ionizing radiation is not trivial: the comprehension of the relationship among RT, scintillation emission of the nanoscintillator, and therapeutic effects of the locally excited photosensitizers is desirable to optimize the design of the hybrid nanoparticles for improved effects in radio-oncology. Here, we discuss the working principles of the PDT-activated RT methods, pointing out the guidelines for the development of effective coadjutants to be tested in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Secchi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy
- NANOMIB, Center for Biomedical Nanomedicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Monguzzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy
- NANOMIB, Center for Biomedical Nanomedicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Villa
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, FZU, Cukrovarnická 10/112, 16200 Prague, Czech Republic
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25
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Nkandeu DS, Basson C, Joubert AM, Serem JC, Bipath P, Nyakudya T, Hlophe Y. The involvement of a chemokine receptor antagonist CTCE-9908 and kynurenine metabolites in cancer development. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:608-622. [PMID: 35789495 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in South Africa with nearly 20,000 reported cases every year and 700 deaths. If diagnosed early, the 5-year survival rate is about 90%, however, when diagnosed late, the 5-year survival rate decreases to about 20%. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer with an estimated 5-year survival rate of approximately 90%. Neuroblastoma is a paediatric cancer with a low survival rate. Sixty percent of patients with metastatic disease do not survive 5 years after diagnosis. Despite recent advances in targeted therapies, there is a crucial need to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers which will be able to contribute to the development of more precision-based chemotherapeutic strategies to prevent tumour migration and metastasis. The compound, CTCE-9908 inhibits the binding of CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) to the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) receptor leading to reduced metastasis. Kynurenine metabolites are derived tryptophan, which is an essential amino acid. Kynurenine metabolites inhibit T-cell proliferation resulting in cell growth arrest. For this reason, chemokines receptors represent potential targets for the treatment of cancer growth and metastasis. In this review paper, the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling pathway in the development of cancer is highlighted together with the current available treatments involving the CTCE-9908 compound in combination with microtubule inhibitors like paclitaxel and docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Sandra Nkandeu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Charlize Basson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anna Margaretha Joubert
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - June Cheptoo Serem
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Trevor Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yvette Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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26
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Abstract
In mammals, fatty acids are supplied by diet or synthesized de novo by fatty acid synthase (FASN). Beyond its key role in energy storage, FASN is involved in many biological processes. It actively participates in the synthesis of membrane components necessary for cell division, protein modification, cell signaling and cell proliferation. In this review, we discuss the various physiological functions of FASN as well as its involvement in cancer, the expression of the lipogenic enzyme being particularly high in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Raab
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de glycobiologie structurale et fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de glycobiologie structurale et fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
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27
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Wang J, Li D, Zhao B, Kim J, Sui G, Shi J. Small Molecule Compounds of Natural Origin Target Cellular Receptors to Inhibit Cancer Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052672. [PMID: 35269825 PMCID: PMC8911024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors are macromolecules that transmit information regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, play key roles in oncogenic processes and correlate with the prognoses of cancer patients. Thus, targeting receptors to constrain cancer development and progression has gained widespread interest. Small molecule compounds of natural origin have been widely used as drugs or adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapies due to their activities of selectively killing cancer cells, alleviating drug resistance and mitigating side effects. Meanwhile, many natural compounds, including those targeting receptors, are still under laboratory investigation for their anti-cancer activities and mechanisms. In this review, we classify the receptors by their structures and functions, illustrate the natural compounds targeting these receptors and discuss the mechanisms of their anti-cancer activities. We aim to provide primary knowledge of mechanistic regulation and clinical applications of cancer therapies through targeting deregulated receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guangchao Sui
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-451-82191081 (G.S. & J.S.)
| | - Jinming Shi
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-451-82191081 (G.S. & J.S.)
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28
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Vyas D, Patel M, Wairkar S. Strategies for active tumor targeting-an update. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 915:174512. [PMID: 34555395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A complete cure for cancer is still the holy grail for scientists. The existing treatment of cancer is primarily focused on surgery, radiation and conventional chemotherapy. However, chemotherapeutic agents also affect healthy tissues or organs due to a lack of specificity. While passive targeting is studied for anticancer drugs focused on the enhanced permeability and retention effect, it failed to achieve drug accumulation at the tumor site and desired therapeutic efficacy. This review presents an outline of the current significant targets for active tumor drug delivery systems and provides insight into the direction of active tumor-targeting strategies. For this purpose, a systematic understanding of the physiological factors, tumor microenvironment and its components, overexpressed receptor and associated proteins are covered here. We focused on angiogenesis mediated targeting, receptor-mediated targeting and peptide targeting. This active targeting along with integration with nano delivery systems helps in achieving specific action, thus reducing the associated adverse effects to healthy tissues. Although the tumor-targeting methods and possibilities explored so far seem revolutionary in cancer treatment, in-depth clinical studies data is required for its commercial translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan Vyas
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Mital Patel
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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29
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Li XQ, Peng WT, Shan S, Wu JJ, Li N, Du JJ, Sun JC, Chen TT, Wei W, Sun WY. β-arrestin2 regulating β2-adrenergic receptor signaling in hepatic stellate cells contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma progression. J Cancer 2022; 12:7287-7299. [PMID: 35003349 PMCID: PMC8734423 DOI: 10.7150/jca.59291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: β-arrestin2 and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) have important roles in malignant tumors, the present study aims to investigate the role of activated β2-AR in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and the regulatory effect of β-arrestin2. Methods: Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect the expression of β-arrestin2 and β2-AR in HSCs of liver tissues from human HCC samples and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC model mice. We next used β-arrestin2-/- mice to demonstrate the regulatory role of β-arrestin2 in DEN mice. The subsets of T cells were quantified by flow cytometry. MTT and wound healing assay were applied to detect the proliferation and migration of cells. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was used to detect the link of β-arrestin2 and β2-AR in HSCs. Effect of β-arrestin2 overexpression on β2-AR downstream signaling pathway was verified by Western blot. The secretion of CCL2 was detected by ELISA. Results: The expression of β2-AR was significantly increased, while β-arrestin2 was decreased in HSCs of HCC tissues. And β-arrestin2 deficiency exacerbates DEN-induced HCC accompanied with increased β2-AR expression. The results of flow cytometry showed that the percentage of activated T cells decreased gradually after DEN injection. β-arrestin2 knockout down-regulated the ratio of activated T cells. In vitro, selective activation of β2-AR in HSCs promoted the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. β-arrestin2 overexpression enhanced co-immunoprecipitation of β-arrestin2 and β2-AR in activated HSCs, and decreased its downstream Akt phosphorylation. Akt inhibitor decreased secretion of CCL2 in activated HSCs. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that β2-AR activation in HSCs induces the proliferation and migration of HCC cells may be through Akt signaling, and this effect appears to be regulated by β-arrestin2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Qin Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wen-Ting Peng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shan Shan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Jia Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Chang Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wu-Yi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
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30
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Neurokinin-1 receptor promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through transactivation of EGFR. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:41. [PMID: 35013118 PMCID: PMC8748918 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great advances in target therapy, lung cancer remains the top cause of cancer-related death worldwide. G protein-coupled receptor neurokinin-1 (NK1R) is shown to play multiple roles in various cancers; however, the pathological roles and clinical implication in lung cancer are unclarified. Here we identified NK1R as a significantly upregulated GPCR in the transcriptome and tissue array of human lung cancer samples, associated with advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis. Notably, NK1R is co-expressed with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in NSCLC patients' tissues and co-localized in the tumor cells. NK1R can crosstalk with EGFR by interacting with EGFR, transactivating EGFR phosphorylation and regulating the intracellular signaling of ERK1/2 and Akt. Activation of NK1R promotes the proliferation, colony formation, EMT, MMP2/14 expression, and migration of lung cancer cells. The inhibition of NK1R by selective antagonist aprepitant repressed cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Knockdown of NK1R significantly slowed down the tumor growth in nude mice. The sensitivity of lung cancer cells to gefitinib/osimertinib is highly increased in the presence of the selective NK1R antagonist aprepitant. Our data suggest that NK1R plays an important role in lung cancer development through EGFR signaling and the crosstalk between NK1R and EGFR may provide a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.
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31
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An Insight into GPCR and G-Proteins as Cancer Drivers. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123288. [PMID: 34943797 PMCID: PMC8699078 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface signaling receptors known to play a crucial role in various physiological functions, including tumor growth and metastasis. Various molecules such as hormones, lipids, peptides, and neurotransmitters activate GPCRs that enable the coupling of these receptors to highly specialized transducer proteins, called G-proteins, and initiate multiple signaling pathways. Integration of these intricate networks of signaling cascades leads to numerous biochemical responses involved in diverse pathophysiological activities, including cancer development. While several studies indicate the role of GPCRs in controlling various aspects of cancer progression such as tumor growth, invasion, migration, survival, and metastasis through its aberrant overexpression, mutations, or increased release of agonists, the explicit mechanisms of the involvement of GPCRs in cancer progression is still puzzling. This review provides an insight into the various responses mediated by GPCRs in the development of cancers, the molecular mechanisms involved and the novel pharmacological approaches currently preferred for the treatment of cancer. Thus, these findings extend the knowledge of GPCRs in cancer cells and help in the identification of therapeutics for cancer patients.
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32
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Raab S, Gadault A, Very N, Decourcelle A, Baldini S, Schulz C, Mortuaire M, Lemaire Q, Hardivillé S, Dehennaut V, El Yazidi-Belkoura I, Vercoutter-Edouart AS, Panasyuk G, Lefebvre T. Dual regulation of fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and mTOR pathway in proliferating liver cancer cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5397-5413. [PMID: 34046694 PMCID: PMC11072354 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) participates in many fundamental biological processes, including energy storage and signal transduction, and is overexpressed in many cancer cells. We previously showed in a context of lipogenesis that FASN is protected from degradation by its interaction with O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in a nutrient-dependent manner. We and others also reported that OGT and O-GlcNAcylation up-regulate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway that senses mitogenic signals and nutrient availability to drive cell cycle. Using biochemical and microscopy approaches, we show here that FASN co-localizes with OGT in the cytoplasm and, to a lesser extent, in the membrane fraction. This interaction occurs in a cell cycle-dependent manner, following the pattern of FASN expression. Moreover, we show that FASN expression depends on OGT upon serum stimulation. The level of FASN also correlates with the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in hepatic cell lines, and in livers of obese mice and in a chronically activated insulin and mTOR signaling mouse model (PTEN-null mice). These results indicate that FASN is under a dual control of O-GlcNAcylation and mTOR pathways. In turn, blocking FASN with the small-molecule inhibitor C75 reduces both OGT and O-GlcNAcylation levels, and mTOR activation, highlighting a novel reciprocal regulation between these actors. In addition to the role of O-GlcNAcylation in tumorigenesis, our findings shed new light on how aberrant activity of FASN and mTOR signaling may promote the emergence of hepatic tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/genetics
- Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Obese
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/metabolism
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Raab
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Alexis Gadault
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris , 75014, Paris, France
| | - Ninon Very
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Amélie Decourcelle
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Steffi Baldini
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Céline Schulz
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Marlène Mortuaire
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Quentin Lemaire
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Stéphan Hardivillé
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vanessa Dehennaut
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Ikram El Yazidi-Belkoura
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Ganna Panasyuk
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris , 75014, Paris, France
| | - Tony Lefebvre
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France.
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33
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Burston HE, Kent OA, Communal L, Udaskin ML, Sun RX, Brown KR, Jung E, Francis KE, La Rose J, Lowitz J, Drapkin R, Mes-Masson AM, Rottapel R. Inhibition of relaxin autocrine signaling confers therapeutic vulnerability in ovarian cancer. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142677. [PMID: 33561012 DOI: 10.1172/jci142677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most deadly gynecological malignancy, with unmet clinical need for new therapeutic approaches. The relaxin peptide is a pleiotropic hormone with reproductive functions in the ovary. Relaxin induces cell growth in several types of cancer, but the role of relaxin in OC is poorly understood. Here, using cell lines and xenograft models, we demonstrate that relaxin and its associated GPCR RXFP1 form an autocrine signaling loop essential for OC in vivo tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, and viability. We determined that relaxin signaling activates expression of prooncogenic pathways, including RHO, MAPK, Wnt, and Notch. We found that relaxin is detectable in patient-derived OC tumors, ascites, and serum. Further, inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α activated transcription of relaxin via recruitment of STAT3 and NF-κB to the proximal promoter, initiating an autocrine feedback loop that potentiated expression. Inhibition of RXFP1 or relaxin increased cisplatin sensitivity of OC cell lines and abrogated in vivo tumor formation. Finally, we demonstrate that a relaxin-neutralizing antibody reduced OC cell viability and sensitized cells to cisplatin. Collectively, these data identify the relaxin/RXFP1 autocrine loop as a therapeutic vulnerability in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Burston
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oliver A Kent
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laudine Communal
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Molly L Udaskin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ren X Sun
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin R Brown
- Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Euihye Jung
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle E Francis
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose La Rose
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Rottapel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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34
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Gilad Y, Eliaz Y, Yu Y, Dean AM, Han SJ, Qin L, O’Malley BW, Lonard DM. A genome-scale CRISPR Cas9 dropout screen identifies synthetically lethal targets in SRC-3 inhibited cancer cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:399. [PMID: 33767353 PMCID: PMC7994904 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01929-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3/NCoA3/AIB1), is a key regulator of gene transcription and it plays a central role in breast cancer (BC) tumorigenesis, making it a potential therapeutic target. Beyond its function as an important regulator of estrogen receptor transcriptional activity, SRC-3 also functions as a coactivator for a wide range of other transcription factors, suggesting SRC-3 inhibition can be beneficial in hormone-independent cancers as well. The recent discovery of a potent SRC-3 small molecule inhibitor, SI-2, enabled the further development of additional related compounds. SI-12 is an improved version of SI-2 that like SI-2 has anti-proliferative activity in various cancer types, including BC. Here, we sought to identify gene targets, that when inhibited in the presence of SI-12, would lead to enhanced BC cell cytotoxicity. We performed a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screen in MCF-7 BC cells under conditions of pharmacological pressure with SI-12. A parallel screen was performed with an ER inhibitor, fulvestrant, to shed light on both common and distinct activities between SRC-3 and ERα inhibition. Bearing in mind the key role of SRC-3 in tumorigenesis of other types of cancer, we extended our study by validating potential hits identified from the MCF-7 screen in other cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Gilad
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Yossi Eliaz
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Yang Yu
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Adam M. Dean
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - San Jung Han
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Li Qin
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - David M. Lonard
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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35
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Moody TW, Lee L, Ramos-Alvarez I, Iordanskaia T, Mantey SA, Jensen RT. Bombesin Receptor Family Activation and CNS/Neural Tumors: Review of Evidence Supporting Possible Role for Novel Targeted Therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:728088. [PMID: 34539578 PMCID: PMC8441013 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.728088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are increasingly being considered as possible therapeutic targets in cancers. Activation of GPCR on tumors can have prominent growth effects, and GPCRs are frequently over-/ectopically expressed on tumors and thus can be used for targeted therapy. CNS/neural tumors are receiving increasing attention using this approach. Gliomas are the most frequent primary malignant brain/CNS tumor with glioblastoma having a 10-year survival <1%; neuroblastomas are the most common extracranial solid tumor in children with long-term survival<40%, and medulloblastomas are less common, but one subgroup has a 5-year survival <60%. Thus, there is an increased need for more effective treatments of these tumors. The Bombesin-receptor family (BnRs) is one of the GPCRs that are most frequently over/ectopically expressed by common tumors and is receiving particular attention as a possible therapeutic target in several tumors, particularly in prostate, breast, and lung cancer. We review in this paper evidence suggesting why a similar approach in some CNS/neural tumors (gliomas, neuroblastomas, medulloblastomas) should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry W. Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Training, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lingaku Lee
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tatiana Iordanskaia
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Samuel A. Mantey
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Robert T. Jensen
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Robert T. Jensen,
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36
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Wang Y, Shi M, Yang N, Zhou X, Xu L. GPR115 Contributes to Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis Associated With LAMC2 and Predicts a Poor Prognosis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:577530. [PMID: 33330053 PMCID: PMC7715024 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.577530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR115, a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor family, is dysregulated in many cancers. However, the expression and function of GRP115 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not clear. Here, we examined the expression pattern, clinical significance, and function of GPR115 in NSCLC by analysis of clinical specimens and human cell lines and bioinformatics analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples showed that GPR115 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues compares with normal lung epithelial tissue (P < 0.05). And GPR115 overexpression is an independent prognostic factor for 5-year overall survival of NSCLC patients [hazard ratio (HR)=1.625, P = 0.008]. Interestingly, higher expression of GPR115 was strongly correlation with differentiation level (P = 0.027), tumor size (P = 0.010), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.022), tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.008), and poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD, all P = 0.039), but not lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC, P > 0.05). Moreover, downregulation of GPR115 by RNA interference in human lung cancer lines inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Preliminary bioinformatic analysis confirmed that GPR115 was closely associated with LAMC2 (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.67, P < 0.05), which was accumulated in ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion. Consistent with these findings, deceased of GPR115 was associated with E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin confirmed by western blot. In conclusion, these data suggest that GPR115 may play a role in the tumor growth and metastasis and may have utility as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for LUAD, but not LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjing Wang
- Department of Clinical Biobank, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Muqi Shi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liqin Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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37
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Zhou Y, Mowlazadeh Haghighi S, Liu Z, Wang L, Hruby VJ, Cai M. Development of Ligand-Drug Conjugates Targeting Melanoma through the Overexpressed Melanocortin 1 Receptor. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:921-930. [PMID: 33073191 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a lethal form of skin cancer. Despite recent breakthroughs of BRAF-V600E and PD-1 inhibitors showing remarkable clinical responses, melanoma can eventually survive these targeted therapies and become resistant. To solve the drug resistance issue, we designed and synthesized ligand-drug conjugates that couple cytotoxic drugs, which have a low cancer resistance issue, with the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) agonist melanotan-II (MT-II), which provides specificity to MC1R-overexpressing melanoma. The drug-MT-II conjugates maintain strong binding interactions to MC1R and induce selective drug delivery to A375 melanoma cells through its MT-II moiety in vitro. Furthermore, using camptothecin as the cytotoxic drug, camptothecin-MT-II (compound 1) can effectively inhibit A375 melanoma cell growth with an IC50 of 16 nM. By providing selectivity to melanoma cells through its MT-II moiety, this approach of drug-MT-II conjugates enables us to have many more options for cytotoxic drug selection, which can be the key to solving the cancer resistant problem for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Saghar Mowlazadeh Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Zekun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Victor J Hruby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Minying Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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38
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Cervantes-Villagrana RD, Albores-García D, Cervantes-Villagrana AR, García-Acevez SJ. Tumor-induced neurogenesis and immune evasion as targets of innovative anti-cancer therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:99. [PMID: 32555170 PMCID: PMC7303203 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal cells are hijacked by cancer cells forming together heterogeneous tumor masses immersed in aberrant communication circuits that facilitate tumor growth and dissemination. Besides the well characterized angiogenic effect of some tumor-derived factors; others, such as BDNF, recruit peripheral nerves and leukocytes. The neurogenic switch, activated by tumor-derived neurotrophins and extracellular vesicles, attracts adjacent peripheral fibers (autonomic/sensorial) and neural progenitor cells. Strikingly, tumor-associated nerve fibers can guide cancer cell dissemination. Moreover, IL-1β, CCL2, PGE2, among other chemotactic factors, attract natural immunosuppressive cells, including T regulatory (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and M2 macrophages, to the tumor microenvironment. These leukocytes further exacerbate the aberrant communication circuit releasing factors with neurogenic effect. Furthermore, cancer cells directly evade immune surveillance and the antitumoral actions of natural killer cells by activating immunosuppressive mechanisms elicited by heterophilic complexes, joining cancer and immune cells, formed by PD-L1/PD1 and CD80/CTLA-4 plasma membrane proteins. Altogether, nervous and immune cells, together with fibroblasts, endothelial, and bone-marrow-derived cells, promote tumor growth and enhance the metastatic properties of cancer cells. Inspired by the demonstrated, but restricted, power of anti-angiogenic and immune cell-based therapies, preclinical studies are focusing on strategies aimed to inhibit tumor-induced neurogenesis. Here we discuss the potential of anti-neurogenesis and, considering the interplay between nervous and immune systems, we also focus on anti-immunosuppression-based therapies. Small molecules, antibodies and immune cells are being considered as therapeutic agents, aimed to prevent cancer cell communication with neurons and leukocytes, targeting chemotactic and neurotransmitter signaling pathways linked to perineural invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Daniel Cervantes-Villagrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Damaris Albores-García
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
| | - Alberto Rafael Cervantes-Villagrana
- Laboratorio de investigación en Terapéutica Experimental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas, Área de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (UAZ), Zacatecas, México
| | - Sara Judit García-Acevez
- Dirección de Proyectos e Investigación, Grupo Diagnóstico Médico Proa, 06400 CDMX, Cuauhtémoc, México
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GRK2-Dependent HuR Phosphorylation Regulates HIF1α Activation under Hypoxia or Adrenergic Stress. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051216. [PMID: 32413989 PMCID: PMC7281538 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to hypoxia is a common feature in solid tumors orchestrated by oxygen-dependent and independent upregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). We unveiled that G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK2), known to be overexpressed in certain tumors, fosters this hypoxic pathway via phosphorylation of the mRNA-binding protein HuR, a central HIF-1α modulator. GRK2-mediated HuR phosphorylation increases the total levels and cytoplasmic shuttling of HuR in response to hypoxia, and GRK2-phosphodefective HuR mutants show defective cytosolic accumulation and lower binding to HIF-1α mRNA in hypoxic Hela cells. Interestingly, enhanced GRK2 and HuR expression correlate in luminal breast cancer patients. GRK2 also promotes the HuR/HIF-1α axis and VEGF-C accumulation in normoxic MCF7 breast luminal cancer cells and is required for the induction of HuR/HIF1-α in response to adrenergic stress. Our results point to a relevant role of the GRK2/HuR/HIF-1α module in the adaptation of malignant cells to tumor microenvironment-related stresses.
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40
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Su SS, Li BP, Li CL, Xiu FR, Wang DY, Zhang FR. Downregulation of MiR-218 can alleviate high-glucose-induced renal proximal tubule injury by targeting GPRC5A. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1123-1130. [PMID: 32028854 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1717330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the functional implication of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) through high-glucose-stimulated renal proximal tubule impairment. Biological function experiments showed that miR-218 and inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β were highly expressed in renal proximal tubule under high-glucose conditions. Inhibiting miR-218 alleviated renal tubular cell injury, which was represented by miR-218 inhibitor facilitating renal tubular cell vitality whilst reducing its apoptosis and levels of inflammation factors. In addition, we confirmed that miR-218 directly targeted GPRC5A and negatively regulated its expression. Co-transfection assay showed that overexpression of GPRC5A accentuated the mitigated action of miR-218 inhibitor on renal proximal tubule cell injury induced by high-glucose. Accordingly, these data indicated that downregulation of miR-218 can assuage high-glucose-resulted renal tubular cell damage, and its ameliorative effect was achieved by negative regulation of GPRC5A, which provides a novel direction for unearthing the pathogenesis and even further biological treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Su
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R.China.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Peng Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Rui Xiu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Yan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Fa-Rong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
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41
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Gad AA, Balenga N. The Emerging Role of Adhesion GPCRs in Cancer. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:29-42. [PMID: 32259086 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression, function, and mutation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their signaling partners, G proteins, have been well documented in many forms of cancer. These cell surface receptors and their endogenous ligands are implicated in all aspects of cancer including proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) form the second largest family of GPCRs, most of which are orphan receptors with unknown physiological functions. This is mainly due to our limited insight into their structure, natural ligands, signaling pathways, and tissue expression profiles. Nevertheless, recent studies show that aGPCRs play important roles in cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and cell-cell communication, processes that are dysregulated in cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that aGPCRs are implicated in migration, proliferation, and survival of tumor cells. We here review the role of aGPCRs in the five most common types of cancer (lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, and gastric) and emphasize the importance of further translational studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abanoub A Gad
- Graduate Program in Life Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 20201, United States.,Division of General & Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 20201, United States
| | - Nariman Balenga
- Division of General & Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 20201, United States.,Molecular and Structural Biology program at University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland 20201, United States
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42
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Singh N, Shaik FA, Myal Y, Chelikani P. Chemosensory bitter taste receptors T2R4 and T2R14 activation attenuates proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 465:199-214. [PMID: 31894529 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03679-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The emerging significance of the bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) role in the extraoral tissues alludes to their potential role in many pathophysiological conditions. The dysregulation of T2R expression and function in disease conditions has now been demonstrated in airways diseases, neurological disorders, and in some cancers. However, the role of T2Rs in the pathophysiology of breast cancer is unexplored thus far. Previously, we demonstrated differential expression of the 25 T2Rs in breast cancer (BC) cells. Based on our previous findings we selected two T2Rs, T2R4 and T2R14 for this work. The objective of the current study is to investigate the expression of T2R4 and T2R14 in BC clinical samples and to examine their physiological role using highly metastatic BC and non-cancerous cell lines. Using approaches, which involve receptor knockdown, pharmacological activation and biochemical assays we report that (i) T2R4 and T2R14 expression patterns are dissimilar, with decreased levels of T2R4 and increased levels of T2R14 in BC clinical samples compared to non-cancerous controls. (ii) Activation of T2Rs with their respective agonist elicited physiological responses in metastatic breast cancer cells, and no responses were seen in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. (iii) Agonist activation of T2Rs (irrespective of T2R subtype) induced anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migratory responses in highly metastatic breast cancer cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the chemosensory T2R signaling network is involved in evoking physiological responses in the metastatic breast cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - Feroz Ahmed Shaik
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Prashen Chelikani
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group, Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, D319, 780 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0W3, Canada.
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43
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Hoppenz P, Els-Heindl S, Kellert M, Kuhnert R, Saretz S, Lerchen HG, Köbberling J, Riedl B, Hey-Hawkins E, Beck-Sickinger AG. A Selective Carborane-Functionalized Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Agonist as Boron Delivery Agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1446-1457. [PMID: 31813224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) allows the selective elimination of malignant tumor cells without affecting healthy tissue. Although this binary radiotherapy approach has been known for decades, BNCT failed to reach the daily clinics to date. One of the reasons is the lack of selective boron delivery agents. Using boron loaded peptide conjugates, which address G protein-coupled receptors overexpressed on tumor cells allow the intracellular accumulation of boron. The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is a well-known target in cancer diagnosis and can potentially be used for BNCT. Here, we present the successful introduction of multiple bis-deoxygalactosyl-carborane building blocks to the GRPR-selective ligand [d-Phe6, β-Ala11, Ala13, Nle14]Bn(6-14) (sBB2L) generating peptide conjugates with up to 80 boron atoms per molecule. Receptor activation was retained, metabolic stability was increased, and uptake into PC3 cells was proven without showing any intrinsic cytotoxicity. Furthermore, undesired uptake into liver cells was suppressed by using l-deoxygalactosyl modified carborane building blocks. Due to its high boron loading and excellent GRPR selectivity, this conjugate can be considered as a promising boron delivery agent for BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hoppenz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Leipzig University , Brüderstrasse 34 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Sylvia Els-Heindl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Leipzig University , Brüderstrasse 34 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Martin Kellert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Leipzig University , Johannisallee 29 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Robert Kuhnert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Leipzig University , Johannisallee 29 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Stefan Saretz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Leipzig University , Johannisallee 29 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | | | | | - Bernd Riedl
- Bayer AG , Aprather Weg 18A , Wuppertal , Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Leipzig University , Johannisallee 29 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Annette G Beck-Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences , Leipzig University , Brüderstrasse 34 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
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44
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Abstract
As basic research into GPCR signaling and its association with disease has come into fruition, greater clarity has emerged with regards to how these receptors may be amenable to therapeutic intervention. As a diverse group of receptor proteins, which regulate a variety of intracellular signaling pathways, research in this area has been slow to yield tangible therapeutic agents for the treatment of a number of diseases including cancer. However, recently such research has gained momentum based on a series of studies that have sought to define GPCR proteins dynamics through the elucidation of their crystal structures. In this chapter, we define the approaches that have been adopted in developing better therapeutics directed against the specific parts of the receptor proteins, such as the extracellular and the intracellular domains, including the ligands and auxiliary proteins that bind them. Finally, we also briefly outline how GPCR-derived signaling transduction pathways hold great potential as additional targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surinder M Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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45
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Selheim F, Aasebø E, Ribas C, Aragay AM. An Overview on G Protein-coupled Receptor-induced Signal Transduction in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5293-5316. [PMID: 31032748 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190429153247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of precursor myeloid-lineage cells in the bone marrow. AML is also characterized by patients with poor long-term survival outcomes due to relapse. Many efforts have been made to understand the biological heterogeneity of AML and the challenges to develop new therapies are therefore enormous. G Protein-coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are a large attractive drug-targeted family of transmembrane proteins, and aberrant GPCR expression and GPCR-mediated signaling have been implicated in leukemogenesis of AML. This review aims to identify the molecular players of GPCR signaling, focusing on the hematopoietic system, which are involved in AML to help developing novel drug targets and therapeutic strategies. METHODS We undertook an exhaustive and structured search of bibliographic databases for research focusing on GPCR, GPCR signaling and expression in AML. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Many scientific reports were found with compelling evidence for the involvement of aberrant GPCR expression and perturbed GPCR-mediated signaling in the development of AML. The comprehensive analysis of GPCR in AML provides potential clinical biomarkers for prognostication, disease monitoring and therapeutic guidance. It will also help to provide marker panels for monitoring in AML. We conclude that GPCR-mediated signaling is contributing to leukemogenesis of AML, and postulate that mass spectrometrybased protein profiling of primary AML cells will accelerate the discovery of potential GPCR related biomarkers for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frode Selheim
- The Proteomics Unit at the University of Bergen, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elise Aasebø
- The Proteomics Unit at the University of Bergen, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 87, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Catalina Ribas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, ISCIII (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna M Aragay
- Departamento de Biologia Celular. Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Baldiri i Reixac, 15, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Ren B, Rose JB, Liu Y, Jaskular-Sztul R, Contreras C, Beck A, Chen H. Heterogeneity of Vascular Endothelial Cells, De Novo Arteriogenesis and Therapeutic Implications in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111980. [PMID: 31739580 PMCID: PMC6912347 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis supplies oxygen and nutrients in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which may play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are the second most common pancreatic malignancy and are frequently metastatic on presentation. Nearly a third of pNETs secrete bioactive substances causing debilitating symptoms. Current treatment options for metastatic pNETs are limited. Importantly, these tumors are highly vascularized and heterogeneous neoplasms, in which the heterogeneity of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and de novo arteriogenesis may be critical for their progression. Current anti-angiogenetic targeted treatments have not shown substantial clinical benefits, and they are poorly tolerated. This review article describes EC heterogeneity and heterogeneous tumor-associated ECs (TAECs) in the TME and emphasizes the concept of de novo arteriogenesis in the TME. The authors also emphasize the challenges of current antiangiogenic therapy in pNETs and discuss the potential of tumor arteriogenesis as a novel therapeutic target. Finally, the authors prospect the clinical potential of targeting the FoxO1-CD36-Notch pathway that is associated with both pNET progression and arteriogenesis and provide insights into the clinical implications of targeting plasticity of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and vascular niche, particularly the arteriolar niche within the TME in pNETs, which will also provide insights into other types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ren
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Nutrition & Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Science Program of the Graduate School, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - J. Bart Rose
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yehe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Renata Jaskular-Sztul
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Carlo Contreras
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Adam Beck
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Herbert Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Science Program of the Graduate School, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Maria AG, Dillemburg-Pilla P, Durand MDT, Floriano EM, Manfiolli AO, Ramos SG, Pesquero JB, Nahmias C, Costa-Neto CM. Activation of the Kinin B1 Receptor by Its Agonist Reduces Melanoma Metastasis by Playing a Dual Effect on Tumor Cells and Host Immune Response. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1106. [PMID: 31607931 PMCID: PMC6774293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer leading half of the patients to death within 8–10 months after diagnosis. Kinins are peptides that interact with B1 and B2 receptors playing diverse biological roles. We investigated whether treatment with B1 receptor agonist, des-Arg9-bradykinin (DABK), has effects in lung metastasis establishment after melanoma induction in mice. We found a lower number of metastatic colonies in lungs of DABK-treated mice, reduced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and increased CD8+T-cell recruitment to the metastatic area compared to animals that did not receive treatment. To understand whether the effects of DABK observed were due to the activation of the B1 receptor in the tumor cells or in the host, we treated wild-type (WT) and kinin B1 receptor knockout (B1−/−) mice with DABK. No significant differences in the number of melanoma colonies established in lungs were seen between WT and B1−/−mice; however, B1−/−mice presented higher VCAM-1 expression and lower CD8+T-cell infiltration. In conclusion, we believe that activation of kinin B1 receptor by its agonist in the host stimulates the immune response more efficiently, promoting CD8+T-cell recruitment to the metastatic lungs and interfering in VCAM-1 expression. Moreover, treatment with DABK reduced establishment of metastatic colonies by mainly acting on tumor cells; hence, this study brings insights to explore novel approaches to treat metastatic melanoma targeting the B1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gutierrez Maria
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Dillemburg-Pilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Elaine Medeiros Floriano
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Adriana Oliveira Manfiolli
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Simone Gusmão Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clara Nahmias
- INSERM U981, Department of Molecular Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Claudio M Costa-Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Anand A, Liu B, Dicroce Giacobini J, Maeda K, Rohde M, Jäättelä M. Cell Death Induced by Cationic Amphiphilic Drugs Depends on Lysosomal Ca 2+ Release and Cyclic AMP. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1602-1614. [PMID: 31285280 PMCID: PMC7611280 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Repurposing cationic amphiphilic drugs (CAD) for cancer treatment is emerging as an attractive means to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. Many commonly used CADs, including several cation amphiphilic antihistamines and antidepressants, induce cancer-specific, lysosome-dependent cell death and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. CAD-induced inhibition of lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase is necessary, but not sufficient, for the subsequent lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cell death, while other pathways regulating this cell death pathway are largely unknown. Prompted by significant changes in the expression of genes involved in Ca2+ and cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathways in CAD-resistant MCF7 breast cancer cells, we identified here an early lysosomal Ca2+ release through P2X purinergic receptor 4 (P2RX4) and subsequent Ca2+- and adenylyl cyclase 1 (ADCY1)-dependent synthesis of cAMP as a signaling route mediating CAD-induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cell death. Importantly, pharmacologic and genetic means to increase cellular cAMP levels either by activating cAMP-inducing G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR3 or β2 adrenergic receptor) or ADCY1, or by inhibiting cAMP-reducing guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit α2, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 4, or cAMP phosphodiesterases, sensitized cancer cells to CADs. These data reveal a previously unrecognized lysosomal P2RX4- and ADCY1-dependent signaling cascade as a pathway essential for CAD-induced lysosome-dependent cell death and encourage further investigations to find the most potent combinations of CADs and cAMP-inducing drugs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Anand
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bin Liu
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jano Dicroce Giacobini
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Rohde
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jäättelä
- Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cherry AE, Vicente JJ, Xu C, Morrison RS, Ong SE, Wordeman L, Stella N. GPR124 regulates microtubule assembly, mitotic progression, and glioblastoma cell proliferation. Glia 2019; 67:1558-1570. [PMID: 31058365 PMCID: PMC6557680 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
GPR124 is involved in embryonic development and remains expressed by select organs. The importance of GPR124 during development suggests that its aberrant expression might participate in tumor growth. Here we show that both increases and decreases in GPR124 expression in glioblastoma cells reduce cell proliferation by differentially altering the duration mitotic progression. Using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we discovered that GPR124 interacts with ch-TOG, a known regulator of both microtubule (MT)-plus-end assembly and mitotic progression. Accordingly, changes in GPR124 expression and ch-TOG similarly affect MT assembly measured by real-time microscopy in cells. Our study describes a novel molecular interaction involving GPR124 and ch-TOG at the plasma membrane that controls glioblastoma cell proliferation by modifying MT assembly rates and controlling the progression of distinct phases of mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison E. Cherry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Juan Jesus Vicente
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Cong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Shao-En Ong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Linda Wordeman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nephi Stella
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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50
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Use of syngeneic cells expressing membrane-bound GM-CSF as an adjuvant to induce antibodies against native multi-pass transmembrane protein. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9931. [PMID: 31289297 PMCID: PMC6616555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane antigens (mAgs) are important targets for the development of antibody (Ab) drugs. However, native mAgs are not easily prepared, causing difficulties in acquiring functional Abs. In this study, we present a platform in which human mAgs were expressed in native form on cell adjuvants made with membrane-bound cytokines that were then used immunize syngeneic mice directly. The membrane-bound cytokines were used as immune stimulators to enhance specific Ab responses against the desired mAgs. Then, mAgs-expressing xenogeneic cells were used for Ab characterization to reduce non-specific binding. We established cell adjuvants by expressing membrane-bound cytokines (mIL-2, mIL-18, or mGM-CSF) on BALB/3T3 cells, which were effective in stimulating splenocyte proliferation in vitro. We then transiently expressed ecotropic viral integration site 2B (EVI2B) on the adjuvants and used them to directly immunize BALB/c mice. We found that 3T3/mGM-CSF cells stimulated higher specific anti-EVI2B Ab response in the immunized mice than the other cell adjuvants. A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), CXCR2, was then transiently expressed on 3T3/mGM-CSF cell adjuvant to immunize mice. The immune serum exhibited relatively higher binding to xenogeneic 293 A/CXCR2 cells than 293 A cells (~3.5-fold). Several hybridoma clones also exhibited selective binding to 293 A/CXCR2 cells. Therefore, the cell adjuvant could preserve the native conformation of mAgs and exhibit anti-mAg Ab stimulatory ability, providing a more convenient and effective method to generate functional Abs, thus possibly accelerating Ab drug development.
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