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Chelu M, Musuc AM, Popa M, Calderon Moreno JM. Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications. Gels 2023; 9:664. [PMID: 37623119 PMCID: PMC10453846 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan-based hydrogels have gained significant attention for their potential applications in water treatment and purification due to their remarkable properties such as bioavailability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, environmental friendliness, high pollutants adsorption capacity, and water adsorption capacity. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in chitosan-based hydrogel materials for water purification applications. The synthesis methods, structural properties, and water purification performance of chitosan-based hydrogels are critically analyzed. The incorporation of various nanomaterials into chitosan-based hydrogels, such as nanoparticles, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks, has been explored to enhance their performance. The mechanisms of water purification, including adsorption, filtration, and antimicrobial activity, are also discussed in detail. The potential of chitosan-based hydrogels for the removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microorganisms, from water sources is highlighted. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives of chitosan-based hydrogels in water treatment and water purification applications are also illustrated. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into the current state of the art regarding chitosan-based hydrogels for water purification applications and highlights their potential for addressing global water pollution challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.P.)
| | | | - Jose M. Calderon Moreno
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.P.)
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Zhang W, Xu Y, Mu X, Li S, Liu X, Lei Z. Research Progress of Polysaccharide-Based Natural Polymer Hydrogels in Water Purification. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030249. [PMID: 36975698 PMCID: PMC10048097 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The pollution and scarcity of freshwater resources are global problems that have a significant influence on human life. It is very important to remove harmful substances in the water to realize the recycling of water resources. Hydrogels have recently attracted attention due to their special three-dimensional network structure, large surface area, and pores, which show great potential for the removal of pollutants in water. In their preparation, natural polymers are one of the preferred materials because of their wide availability, low cost, and easy thermal degradation. However, when it is directly used for adsorption, its performance is unsatisfactory, so it usually needs to be modified in the preparation process. This paper reviews the modification and adsorption properties of polysaccharide-based natural polymer hydrogels, such as cellulose, chitosan, starch, and sodium alginate, and discusses the effects of their types and structures on performance and recent technological advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xuyang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Hu X, Li Z, Ge Y, Liu S, Shi C. Enhanced π−π stacks of aromatic ring-rich polymer adsorbent for the rapid adsorption of organic dyes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ren L, Tang Z, Du J, Chen L, Qiang T. Recyclable polyurethane foam loaded with carboxymethyl chitosan for adsorption of methylene blue. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126130. [PMID: 34229397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Novel composite foam (CMCTS-PUF-s) was prepared by immobilizing carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS) on polyurethane foam (PUF) in which amino groups in CMCTS reacted with isocyanate groups in polyurethane prepolymer. The adsorption capacity of the optimal composite foam (CMCTS-PUF-5) reached to 118.2 mg/g with 5% CMCTS loading. The removal rate to methylene blue (MB) was up to 97.1%, which was obviously higher than 18.9% of PUF. After recycling for five times, the removal rate still reached 83.2%, which strongly proved the excellent reusability of immobilizing CMCTS modified PUF. The characterization results of FTIR and TG showed that CMCTS was well loaded on PUF by covalent bond. The Young's modulus and tensile strength of CMCTS-PUF-5 were increased by 252% and 97% compared with that of PUF. MIP characterization result showed the porosity of CMCTS-PUF-5 was 73.99% and the pore sizes were mainly distributed between 50 and 150 µm, which provide sufficient diffusion channels and active sites for MB dyes. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm proved pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model could well describe the adsorption process of CMCTS-PUF-5. Therefore, CMCTS-PUF-s presents excellent recoverability, high stability and attractive adsorption efficiency, shows the potential application in future treatment of dye wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfang Ren
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science & Technology), Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Zheng Tang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science & Technology), Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jinyao Du
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science & Technology), Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science & Technology), Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Taotao Qiang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education (Shaanxi University of Science & Technology), Xi'an 710021, China
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