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Salihovic A, Ascham A, Taladriz-Sender A, Bryson S, Withers JM, McKean IJW, Hoskisson PA, Grogan G, Burley GA. Gram-scale enzymatic synthesis of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues using nucleoside transglycosylase-2. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc04938a. [PMID: 39234214 PMCID: PMC11368039 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04938a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleosides are pervasive building blocks that are found throughout nature and used extensively in medicinal chemistry and biotechnology. However, the preparation of base-modified analogues using conventional synthetic methodology poses challenges in scale-up and purification. In this work, an integrated approach involving structural analysis, screening and reaction optimization, is established to prepare 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues catalysed by the type II nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from Lactobacillus leichmannii (LlNDT-2). Structural analysis in combination with substrate profiling, identified the constraints on pyrimidine and purine acceptor bases by LlNDT2. A solvent screen identifies pure water as a suitable solvent for the preparation of high value purine and pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues on a gram scale under optimized reaction conditions. This approach provides the basis to establish a convergent, step-efficient chemoenzymatic platform for the preparation of high value 2'-deoxyribonucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Admir Salihovic
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
- Strathclyde Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Strathclyde UK
| | - Alex Ascham
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Andrea Taladriz-Sender
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
- Strathclyde Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Strathclyde UK
| | - Samantha Bryson
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
- Strathclyde Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Strathclyde UK
| | - Jamie M Withers
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
- Strathclyde Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Strathclyde UK
| | - Iain J W McKean
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
- Strathclyde Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Strathclyde UK
| | - Paul A Hoskisson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE UK
| | - Gideon Grogan
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Glenn A Burley
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
- Strathclyde Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Strathclyde UK
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Sun Q, Ni J, Li S, Ding H, Wang P, Song N, Wang X, Li M. Access to Reverse Glycosyl Azides and Rare Sugar-Based Glycosyl Azides via Radical Decarboxylative Azidation: Divergent Synthesis of 4'- C-Azidonucleosides as Potential Antiviral Agents. Org Lett 2024; 26:3997-4001. [PMID: 38687048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The radical decarboxylative azidation of structurally diverse uronic acids has been established as an efficient approach to reverse glycosyl azides and rare sugar-derived glycosyl azides under the action of Ag2CO3, 3-pyridinesulfonyl azide, and K2S2O8. The power of this method has been highlighted by the divergent synthesis of 4'-C-azidonucleosides using Vorbrüggen glycosylation of nucleobases with 4-C-azidofuranosyl acetates. The antiviral assessment of the resulting nucleosides revealed one compound as a potential inhibitor of covalently closed circular DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikai Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingxuan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Han Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ni Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education and One Health Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Song Li' Academician Workstation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Zhou S, Tu L, Chen W, Yan G, Guo H, Wang X, Hu Q, Liu H, Li F. Alzheimer's disease, a metabolic disorder: Clinical advances and basic model studies (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:63. [PMID: 38234618 PMCID: PMC10792406 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment that is aggravated with age. The pathological manifestations include extracellular amyloid deposition, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and loss of neurons. As the world population ages, the incidence of AD continues to increase, not only posing a significant threat to the well-being and health of individuals but also bringing a heavy burden to the social economy. There is epidemiological evidence suggesting a link between AD and metabolic diseases, which share pathological similarities. This potential link would deserve further consideration; however, the pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy of AD remain to be further explored. The complex pathogenesis and pathological changes of AD pose a great challenge to the choice of experimental animal models. To understand the role of metabolic diseases in the development of AD and the potential use of drugs for metabolic diseases, the present article reviews the research progress of the comorbidity of AD with diabetes, obesity and hypercholesterolemia, and summarizes the different roles of animal models in the study of AD to provide references for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Limin Tu
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Gangli Yan
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Guo
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
| | - Fengguang Li
- Department of Neurology, Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, P.R. China
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Kamzeeva PN, Aralov AV, Alferova VA, Korshun VA. Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Nucleoside Antivirals. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6851-6879. [PMID: 37623252 PMCID: PMC10453654 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new drugs has been greatly accelerated by the emergence of new viruses and drug-resistant strains of known pathogens. Nucleoside analogues (NAs) are a prospective class of antivirals due to known safety profiles, which are important for rapid repurposing in the fight against emerging pathogens. Recent improvements in research methods have revealed new unexpected details in the mechanisms of action of NAs that can pave the way for new approaches for the further development of effective drugs. This review accounts advanced techniques in viral polymerase targeting, new viral and host enzyme targeting approaches, and prodrug-based strategies for the development of antiviral NAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vladimir A. Korshun
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.K.); (A.V.A.); (V.A.A.)
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