1
|
Hibbert T, Krpetic Z, Latimer J, Leighton H, McHugh R, Pottenger S, Wragg C, James CE. Antimicrobials: An update on new strategies to diversify treatment for bacterial infections. Adv Microb Physiol 2024; 84:135-241. [PMID: 38821632 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Ninety-five years after Fleming's discovery of penicillin, a bounty of antibiotic compounds have been discovered, modified, or synthesised. Diversification of target sites, improved stability and altered activity spectra have enabled continued antibiotic efficacy, but overwhelming reliance and misuse has fuelled the global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). An estimated 1.27 million deaths were attributable to antibiotic resistant bacteria in 2019, representing a major threat to modern medicine. Although antibiotics remain at the heart of strategies for treatment and control of bacterial diseases, the threat of AMR has reached catastrophic proportions urgently calling for fresh innovation. The last decade has been peppered with ground-breaking developments in genome sequencing, high throughput screening technologies and machine learning. These advances have opened new doors for bioprospecting for novel antimicrobials. They have also enabled more thorough exploration of complex and polymicrobial infections and interactions with the healthy microbiome. Using models of infection that more closely resemble the infection state in vivo, we are now beginning to measure the impacts of antimicrobial therapy on host/microbiota/pathogen interactions. However new approaches are needed for developing and standardising appropriate methods to measure efficacy of novel antimicrobial combinations in these contexts. A battery of promising new antimicrobials is now in various stages of development including co-administered inhibitors, phages, nanoparticles, immunotherapy, anti-biofilm and anti-virulence agents. These novel therapeutics need multidisciplinary collaboration and new ways of thinking to bring them into large scale clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tegan Hibbert
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (IVES), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Zeljka Krpetic
- School of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Joe Latimer
- School of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Hollie Leighton
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (IVES), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rebecca McHugh
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sian Pottenger
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (IVES), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Charlotte Wragg
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (IVES), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chloë E James
- School of Science, Engineering, and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gangaram S, Naidoo Y, Dewir YH, Singh M, Lin J, Murthy HN. Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Barleria albostellata C.B. Clarke Leaf and Stem Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2396. [PMID: 37446958 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Barleria albostellata (Acanthaceae) is a shrub located in South Africa and is relatively understudied. However, plants within this genus are well known for their medicinal and ethnopharmacological properties. This study aimed to characterise the phytochemical compounds and antibacterial efficacies of B. albostellata. Phytochemical analysis, fluorescence microscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were performed to determine the composition of compounds that may be of medicinal importance. Crude leaf and stem extracts (hexane, chloroform and methanol) were subjected to an antibacterial analysis against several pathogenic microorganisms. The qualitative phytochemical screening of leaf and stem extracts revealed the presence various compounds. Fluorescence microscopy qualitatively assessed the leaf and stem powdered material, which displayed various colours under bright and UV light. GC-MS chromatograms represents 10-108 peaks of various compounds detected in the leaf and stem crude extracts. Major pharmacologically active compounds found in the extracts were alpha-amyrin, flavone, phenol, phytol, phytol acetate, squalene and stigmasterol. Crude extracts positively inhibited Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Significance was established at p < 0.05 for all concentrations and treatments. These results indicate that the leaves and stems of B. albostellata are rich in bioactive compounds, which could be a potential source of antibacterial agents for treating various diseases linked to the pathogenic bacteria studied. Future discoveries from this plant could advance the use of indigenous traditional medicine and provide novel drug leads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serisha Gangaram
- School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Yougasphree Naidoo
- School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Johnson Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sohaib M, Al-Barakah FN, Migdadi HM, Husain FM. Comparative study among Avicennia marina, Phragmites australis, and Moringa oleifera based ethanolic-extracts for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:111-122. [PMID: 36105270 PMCID: PMC9465519 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial resistance and other emerging health risk problems related to the side effects of synthetic drugs are the major factors that result in the research regarding natural products. Fruits, leaves, seeds, and oils-based phyto-constituents are the most important source of pharmaceutical products. Plant extract chemistry depends largely on species, plant components, solvent utilized, and extraction technique. This study was aimed to compare the ethanolic extracts of a mangrove plant, i.e., Avicennia marina (1E: Lower half of A. marina‘s pneumatophores, 2E: A. marina‘s leaves, 3E: Upper half of A. marina‘s pneumatophores, and 4E: A. marina‘s shoots), with non-mangrove plants, i.e., Phragmites australis (5E: P. australis‘s shoot), and Moringa oleifera (6E: M. oleifera‘s leaves) for their antimicrobial activities, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity potential. The antimicrobial activity assays were performed on gram-positive bacteria (i.e., Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), gram-negative bacteria (i.e., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and fungi (i.e., Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Rhizopus spp.). We estimated antioxidant activity by TAC, DPPH, and FRAP assays, and the cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. The results of antimicrobial activities revealed that B. subtilis was the most sensitive to the tested plant extracts compared to S. aureus, while it only showed sensitivity to 6E and Imipenem. 5E and 6E showed statistically similar results against P. aeruginosa as compared to Ceftazidime. E. coli was the most resistant bacteria against tested plant extracts. Among the tested plant extracts, maximum inhibition activity was observed by 6E against A. niger (22 ± 0.57 mm), which was statistically similar to the response of 6E against C. albicans and 3E against Rhizopus spp. 2E did not show any activity against tested fungi. We found that 6E (208.54 ± 1.92 mg g−1) contains maximum phenolic contents followed by 1E (159.42 ± 3.22 mg g−1), 5E (131.08 ± 3.10 mg g−1), 4E (i.e., 72.41 ± 2.96 mg g−1), 3E (67.41 ± 1.68 mg g−1), and 2E (48.72 ± 1.71 mg g−1). The results depict a significant positive correlation between the phenolic contents and the antioxidant activities. As a result, phenolic content may be a natural antioxidant source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohaib
- Soil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Fahad N.I. Al-Barakah
- Soil Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Hussein M. Migdadi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- National Agricultural Research Center, Baqa 19381, Jordan
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Habjan E, Ho VQT, Gallant J, Van Stempvoort G, Jim KK, Kuijl C, Geerke DP, Bitter W, Speer A. Anti-tuberculosis Compound Screen using a Zebrafish Infection Model identifies an Aspartyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:273850. [PMID: 34643222 PMCID: PMC8713996 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding new anti-tuberculosis compounds with convincing in vivo activity is an ongoing global challenge to fight the emergence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. In this study, we exploited the medium-throughput capabilities of the zebrafish embryo infection model with Mycobacterium marinum as a surrogate for M. tuberculosis. Using a representative set of clinically established drugs, we demonstrate that this model could be predictive and selective for antibiotics that can be administered orally. We further used the zebrafish infection model to screen 240 compounds from an anti-tuberculosis hit library for their in vivo activity and identified 14 highly active compounds. One of the most active compounds was the tetracyclic compound TBA161, which was studied in more detail. Analysis of resistant mutants revealed point mutations in aspS (rv2572c), encoding an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. The target was genetically confirmed, and molecular docking studies propose the possible binding of TBA161 in a pocket adjacent to the catalytic site. This study shows that the zebrafish infection model is suitable for rapidly identifying promising scaffolds with in vivo activity. Summary: Exploitation of the medium-throughput capabilities of a zebrafish embryo infection model of tuberculosis to screen compounds for their in vivo activity, one of which was characterized as an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Habjan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Section Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vien Q T Ho
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James Gallant
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gunny Van Stempvoort
- Section Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kin Ki Jim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen Kuijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan P Geerke
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Bitter
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Section Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Speer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam UMC, Location VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Okla MK, Alatar AA, Al-amri SS, Soufan WH, Ahmad A, Abdel-Maksoud MA. Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Extracts of Different Parts of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:252. [PMID: 33525519 PMCID: PMC7911470 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased problems associated with side effects and bacterial resistance of chemical drugs has prompted the research focus on herbal medicines in the past few decades. In the present investigation, the antimicrobial activity of the various parts of Avicennia marina (AM), a mangrove plant, has been evaluated. The plants were collected from the Jazan area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Primary extracts of roots, stem, leaves, fruits, and seeds were made in ethanol and fractioned in ethanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, chloroform, and water. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts were determined against Bacillussubtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. It has been observed that the chloroform extract of roots of the AM exhibited inhibitory effects against both S. aureus (MIC = 1.5 ± 0.03 mg/mL) and E. coli (MIC = 1.7 ± 0.01 mg/mL). The ethanolic extract of the AM roots has shown antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 10.8 ± 0.78 mg/mL), Bacillussubtilis (MIC = 6.1 ± 0.27 mg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 2.3 ± 0.08 mg/mL), and Escherichia coli (MIC = 6.3 ± 0.28 mg/mL). The leaf extract of the AM in ethyl acetate showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Antifungal activity of these extracts was also investigated against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. Ethanolic extract of roots and seeds of the AM has shown antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus when applied individually. Ethanolic extract of the AM fruits has shown an inhibitory effect on the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. It is suggested that the plant extracts of AM have tremendous antimicrobial activity against a group of microbes, and this effect depends on both the plant part and the solvent used for extraction. Therefore, this plant can be considered to treat various diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K. Okla
- Department of Botany, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (S.S.A.-a.)
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alatar
- Department of Botany, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (S.S.A.-a.)
| | - Saud S. Al-amri
- Department of Botany, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (S.S.A.-a.)
| | - Walid H. Soufan
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Wang X, Yin X, Shi M, Dahlgren RA, Wang H. Toxicity assessment of combined fluoroquinolone and tetracycline exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:736-50. [PMID: 25504783 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) and tetracyclines (TCs), the two β-diketone antibiotics (DKAs), are two frequently detected pollutants in the environment; however, little data are available on their combined toxicity to zebrafish (Danio rerio). This study reports that toxicologic effects of combined DKA (FQs-TCs) exposure on zebrafish were comparable with or slightly less than those of TCs alone, showing that TCs played a major toxicologic role in the mixtures. The effects of FQs, TCs, and DKAs on malformation rates of zebrafish were dose dependent, with EC50 values of 481.3, 16.4, and 135.1 mg/L, respectively. According to the combined effects of DKAs on zebrafish hatching, mortality, and malformation rates, the interaction between FQs and TCs was shown to be antagonistic based on three assessment methods: Toxic Unit, Additional Index, and Mixture Toxic Index. The 1.56 mg/L TC and 9.38 mg/L DKA treatments resulted in higher zebrafish basal swimming rate compared with the control group at 120 hours postfertilization (hpf). in both light and light-to-dark photoperiod experiments. Under conditions of no obvious abnormality in cardiac development, the heart beats were decreased significantly because of DKA exposure, such as decreasing by ∼20% at 150 mg/L DKAs. Transmission electron microscopy observation of myocytes from DKA-exposed hearts displayed prominent interruptions and myofibrillar disorganization of the normal parallel alignment of thick and thin filaments, and partial edematous and dissolved membranes of cell nuclear tissues. At 90 mg/L DKAs, the transcriptional levels of the acta1a, myl7, and gle1b genes, related to heart development and skeletal muscle formation, were significantly changed. This is consistent with the swimming behavior and histopathologic results obtained by transmission electron microscopy. In summary, the toxicity of the combined DKAs to zebrafish was comparable with or less than that of TCs alone and had the ability to impair individual behaviors that are of great importance in the assessment of their ecologic fitness. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 736-750, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Zhang
- Wenzhou Applied Technology & Environmental Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- Wenzhou Applied Technology & Environmental Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaohan Yin
- Wenzhou Applied Technology & Environmental Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Mengru Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Randy Alan Dahlgren
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Huili Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Patra JK, Mohanta YK. Antimicrobial compounds from mangrove plants: A pharmaceutical prospective. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 20:311-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-1747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Goel R, Sharma V, Budhiraja A, Ishar MPS. Synthesis and evaluation of novel 3a,9a-dihydro-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1-cyclopenteno[5,4-b]benzopyran-4-ones as antifungal agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4665-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
9
|
Zhong H, Zou H, Semenov MV, Moshinsky D, He X, Huang H, Li S, Quan J, Yang Z, Lin S. Characterization and development of novel small-molecules inhibiting GSK3 and activating Wnt signaling. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:1356-60. [PMID: 19823752 DOI: 10.1039/b905752h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is an essential component of the Wnt signaling pathway and plays important roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. As GSK3 is abnormally upregulated in several diseases including type II diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and cancer, it has been regarded as a potential drug target. During zebrafish development, inhibition of GSK3 leads to ectopic activation of the Wnt pathway, resulting in a headless embryo. Using this phenotype as an assay we screened a chemical library of 4000 compounds and identified one novel compound, 3F8, which specifically inhibits eye and forebrain formation in zebrafish embryos, resembling a typical Wnt overexpression phenotype. Cell reporter assays, chemical informatics analysis and in vitro kinase experiments revealed that 3F8 is a selective GSK3 inhibitor, which is more potent than SB216763, a commonly used GSK3 inhibitor. Based on the structure of 3F8, a new generation of compounds inhibiting GSK3 was synthesized and validated by biological assays. Together, 3F8 and its derivatives could be useful as new reagents and potential therapeutic candidates for GSK3 related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Zhong
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu KG, Li DH, Zhou CH, Diao JL. Study on the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel cationic porphyrins. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2008.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Zhang Y, Bai XT, Zhu KY, Jin Y, Deng M, Le HY, Fu YF, Chen Y, Zhu J, Look AT, Kanki J, Chen Z, Chen SJ, Liu TX. In vivo interstitial migration of primitive macrophages mediated by JNK-matrix metalloproteinase 13 signaling in response to acute injury. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 181:2155-64. [PMID: 18641354 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.2155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial cell migration through extracellular matrix is a hallmark of the inflammation response, tumor invasion, and metastasis. We have established a stable zebrafish transgenic line expressing enhanced GFP under the lysozyme C promoter for visualizing and measuring primitive macrophage migration in vivo. We show that tissue-resident primitive macrophages migrate rapidly through extracellular matrix to the site of acute injury induced by tail transection. Mechanistically, the specific inhibition of JNK, but not p38 and ERK, dramatically abolished the chemotactic migration in a dose-dependent manner, suppressing the trauma-induced recruitment of phosphorylated C-Jun transcription factor to proximal AP-1 sites in the promoter of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (mmp13), a gene specifically expressed in primitive macrophages during embryogenesis and required for the interstitial migration. Furthermore, dexamethasone suppressed the trauma-induced JNK phosphorylation and macrophage migration accompanied by simultaneous up-regulation of mkp-1, a well-known phosphatase capable of inactivating phosphorylated JNK. The results indicate that the JNK-Mmp13 signaling pathway plays an essential role in regulating the innate immune cell migration in response to severe injury in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Laboratory of Development and Diseases and State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Reaction of natural-occurring phenolic derivatives with bis(trimethylsilyl) sulfate. Chem Nat Compd 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-008-9100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
13
|
Kang MS, Choi EK, Choi DH, Ryu SY, Lee HH, Kang HC, Koh JT, Kim OS, Hwang YC, Yoon SJ, Kim SM, Yang KH, Kang IC. Antibacterial activity of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 280:250-4. [PMID: 18248425 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an antioxidant with a metal-chelating activity, has been used widely to inhibit the expression of inflammatory genes in vitro and in vivo. This study investigated whether PDTC has an antimicrobial activity against various bacteria. The antibacterial activity of PDTC and other compounds was evaluated in vitro by the broth microdilution method against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Bacterial growth was inhibited by PDTC, where a wide range of sensitivity was demonstrated among the tested bacteria. The antibacterial activity of PDTC was reduced by the addition of copper chloride; in contrast, it was enhanced considerably by zinc chloride. Two different zinc chelators, Ca-saturated EDTA (Ca-EDTA) and N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine, blocked the antibacterial activity of PDTC, whereas Zn-EDTA failed to reduce the activity of PDTC. These results demonstrate for the first time that PDTC possesses an antibacterial activity, for which zinc is required, and suggest that PDTC, possessing a dual anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity, may be considered for topical use for inflammatory diseases of bacterial origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Kang
- Brain Korea 21 Program, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Clinically significant antibiotic resistance has evolved against virtually every antibiotic deployed. Yet the development of new classes of antibiotics has lagged far behind our growing need for such drugs. Rather than focusing on therapeutics that target in vitro viability, much like conventional antibiotics, an alternative approach is to target functions essential for infection, such as virulence factors required to cause host damage and disease. This approach has several potential advantages including expanding the repertoire of bacterial targets, preserving the host endogenous microbiome, and exerting less selective pressure, which may result in decreased resistance. We review new approaches to targeting virulence, discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and propose that in addition to targeting virulence, new antimicrobial development strategies should be expanded to include targeting bacterial gene functions that are essential for in vivo viability. We highlight both new advances in identifying these functions and prospects for antimicrobial discovery targeting this unexploited area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Clatworthy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St., Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tomar V, Bhattacharjee G, Kumar A. Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of new chalcones containing piperazine or 2,5-dichlorothiophene moiety. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5321-4. [PMID: 17719779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Revised: 07/22/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two new series of chalcones have been synthesized by reacting 1-(4-piperazin-1-yl-phenyl)ethanone and 1-(2,5-dichloro-3-thienyl)-1-ethanone with different substituted benzaldehydes in turn by Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The compounds have been characterized by IR, (1)H NMR spectral and microanalysis data. All the synthesized compounds have been evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Some of these derivatives are potentially active against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli while the most potent compound (1) in this study showed MIC(50) value of 2.22 microg/mL against Candida albicans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Tomar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT R), Roorkee 247667, UA, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|