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Li W, Wei J, Cheng M, Liu M. Unveiling promising targets in gastric cancer therapy: A comprehensive review. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200857. [PMID: 39280587 PMCID: PMC11396074 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) poses a significant global health challenge, ranking fifth in incidence and third in mortality among all malignancies worldwide. Its insidious onset, aggressive growth, proclivity for metastasis, and limited treatment options have contributed to its high fatality rate. Traditional approaches for GC treatment primarily involve surgery and chemotherapy. However, there is growing interest in targeted therapies and immunotherapies. This comprehensive review highlights recent advancements in GC targeted therapy and immunotherapy. It delves into the mechanisms of various strategies, underscoring their potential in GC treatment. Additionally, the review evaluates the efficacy and safety of relevant clinical trials. Despite the benefits observed in numerous advanced GC patients with targeted therapies and immunotherapies, challenges persist. We discuss pertinent strategies to overcome these challenges, thereby providing a solid foundation for enhancing the clinical effectiveness of targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Li
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Mo Cheng
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
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2
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Zhai J, Min J, Gong M. Induction of ferroptosis by brucine suppresses gastric cancer progression through the p53-mediated SLCA711/ALOX12 axis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33674. [PMID: 39050447 PMCID: PMC11267018 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates important antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory roles of brucine in various diseases. However, the mechanism through which brucine causes the cell death of gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. In the current research, we looked into whether brucine inhibits GC progression. GC cell migration and proliferation were assessed in response to brucine using Transwell, scratch, and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. To assess the expression of proteins linked to ferroptosis, western blotting was used. An in vivo experiment was conducted to investigate if brucine decreases tumor growth. The CCK-8 experiment demonstrated that brucine reduced AGS and MKN45 cell viability in a way that was dose- and time-dependent. Brucine dramatically promoted cell death in AGS and MKN45 cells according to flow cytometry. In addition, brucine reduced AGS and MKN45 cells' ability to migrate. According to Western blot investigations, brucine elevated p53 and ALOX12 expression, while suppressing the expression of SLC7A11 in AGS and MKN45 cells. Notably, silencing p53 reversed brucine-induced ferroptotic cell death. Additionally, brucine was shown to decrease tumor weight and volume in in vivo experiments. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fe2+ levels decreased in response to brucine treatment. Furthermore, in tumors treated with brucine, p53 and ALOX12 expression increased, whereas SLCA711 expression decreased. In summary, we demonstrated that brucine regulates the p53/SLCA711/ALOX12 axis to cause ferroptosis in GC cells. The results of this study lend support to the idea of treating GC with brucine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Zhai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fengxin County People Hospital, Yichun, 330700, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jiaxing Min
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fengxin County People Hospital, Yichun, 330700, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Mingqiang Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fengxin County People Hospital, Yichun, 330700, Jiangxi, PR China
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3
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Tashakori N, Armanfar M, Mashhadi A, Mohammed AT, Karim MM, Hussein AHA, Adil M, Azimi SA, Abedini F. Deciphering the Role of Exosomal Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) in Drug Resistance of Gastrointestinal Tumors; an Updated Review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:609-621. [PMID: 38878101 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
One of the most prevalent types of cancer worldwide today is gastric intestinal (GI) tumors. To guarantee their lives, people with a developed GI require palliative care. This covers the application of targeted medicines in addition to chemotherapy treatments including cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, and pemetrexed. Because of the evidence of drug resistance emerging in poor patient outcomes and prognoses, determining the exact process of medication resistance is motivated. Besides, it is noteworthy that exosomes and noncoding RNAs, like microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), produced from tumor cells are implicated in both GI medication resistance and the carcinogenesis and development of GI disease. Biochemical events related to the cell cycle, differentiation of cells, growth, and pluripotency, in addition to gene transcription, splicing, and epigenetics, are all regulated by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Therefore, it should come as a wonder that several ncRNAs have been connected in recent years to drug susceptibility and resistance as well as tumorigenesis. Additionally, through communicating directly with medications, altering the transcriptome of tumor cells, and affecting the immune system, exosomes may govern treatment resistance. Because of this, exosomal lncRNAs often act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miRNAs to carry out its role in modifying drug resistance. In light of this, we provide an overview of the roles and processes of ncRNA-enriched exosomes in GI medication resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Tashakori
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Internal Medicine, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Armanfar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Internal Medicine, University of Shahid Beheshti Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Mashhadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Islamic Azad University, Arak branch, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Manal Morad Karim
- Collage of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | | | - Mohaned Adil
- Pharmacy College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sajad Ataei Azimi
- Hematology-Oncology, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Abedini
- Department of Biology, Science and Art University, Yazd, Iran.
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4
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Zhang M, Huang H, Wei M, Sun M, Deng G, Hu S, Wang H, Gong Y. Overexpression of BRD4 in Gastric Cancer and its Clinical Significance as a Novel Therapeutic Target. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:167-177. [PMID: 37282642 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230606164030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRD4 is a member of the bromodomain and extra terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, containing two bromodomains and one extra terminal domain, and is overexpressed in several human malignancies. However, its expression in gastric cancer has not yet been well illustrated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the overexpression of BRD4 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance as a novel therapeutic target. METHODS Fresh gastric cancer tissues and paraffin-embedded specimens of gastric cancer patients were collected, and the BRD4 expression was examined by Western Blot Analysis (WB) and Immunohistochemistry Analysis (IHC), respectively. The possible relationship between BRD4 expression and the clinicopathological features as well as survival in gastric cancer patients was analyzed. The effect of BRD4 silencing on human gastric cancer cell lines was investigated by MTT assay, WB, wound healing assay, and Transwell invasion. RESULTS The results showed that the expression level in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, respectively (P < 0.01). BRD4 expression level in gastric cancer tissues was strongly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiated degree (P = 0.033), regional lymph nodes metastasis (P = 0.038), clinical staging (P = 0.002), and survival situation (P = 0.000), while the gender (P = 0.564), age (P = 0.926) and infiltrating depth (P = 0.619) of patients were not associated. Increased BRD4 expression resulted in poor overall survival (P = 0.003). In in vitro assays, BRD4 small interfering RNA resulted in significantly decreased BRD4 protein expression, therefore inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION BRD4 might be a novel biomarker for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Meijiao Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengjia Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guojin Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the People's Hospital of Jimo, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuiqing Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the People's Hospital of Jimo, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the People's Hospital of Jimo, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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5
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Zhang Z, Wang X. Roles of long non-coding RNAs in digestive tract cancer and their clinical application. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:451-459. [PMID: 37643979 PMCID: PMC10495243 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly related to the occurrence and development of digestive tract cancer in human. Firstly, lncRNAs target and regulate the expression of downstream cancer genes to affect the growth, metastasis, apoptosis, metabolism and immune escape of cancer cells. Secondly, lncRNAs are considered to be important regulating factors for lipid metabolism in cancer, which is related to signaling pathways of adipogenesis and involved in the occurrence and development of digestive tract cancer. Finally, lncRNAs have application value in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract cancer. For example, lncRNAMALAT1 has been reported as a target for diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. This article reviews current progress on the regulatory role of lncRNAs in digestive tract cancer, to provide references for the research and clinical application in the prevention and treatment of digestive tract cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, Joint Laboratory for Research on Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi Province, China.
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6
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Zhang Y, Zheng W, Zhang L, Gu Y, Zhu L, Huang Y. LncRNA FBXO18-AS promotes gastric cancer progression by TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67. [PMID: 37340903 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
For the digestive system, there exists one common malignant tumor, known as gastric cancer. It is the third most prevalent type of tumor among different tumors worldwide. It has been reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), participate in various biological processes of gastric cancer. However, there are still many lncRNAs with unknown functions, and we discovered a novel lncRNA designated as FBXO18-AS. Whether lncRNAFBXO18-AS participates in gastric cancer progression is still unknown. Bioinformatic analysis, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and qPCR were carried out to explore FBXO18-AS and TGF-β1 expression. In addition, EdU, MTS, migration and transwell assays were performed to investigate the invasion, proliferation and migration of gastric cancer in vitro. We first discovered that FBXO18-AS expression was upregulated in gastric cancer and linked to poorer outcomes among patients with gastric cancer. Then, we confirmed that FBXO18-AS promoted the proliferation, invasion, migration, and an EMT-like process in gastric cancer in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, FBXO18-AS was found to be involved in the progression of gastric cancer by modulating TGF-β1/Smad signaling. Therefore, it might offer a possible biomarker for gastric cancer diagnosis and an effective strategy for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou.
| | - Wanqiong Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou.
| | - Yechun Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou.
| | - Lihe Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou.
| | - Yingpeng Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou.
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7
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Liu W, Huo G, Chen P. Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced gastroesophageal cancer based on characteristics: a meta-analysis. Immunotherapy 2023. [PMID: 37190983 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Evaluate the potency of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in advanced gastroesophageal cancer patients with different clinical features. Methods: Randomized, controlled trials comparing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with chemotherapy in individuals with gastroesophageal cancer were retrieved. Results: 15 trials involving 9194 individuals were included. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors significantly improved overall survival (OS) but not progression-free survival. Significantly improved OS was observed in PD-L1 combined positive score ≥1, primary esophageal cancer, primary gastric cancer and Asian patients. Subgroup analysis revealed significant OS benefit achieved for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors improved OS in advanced gastroesophageal carcinoma, especially in patients with esophageal cancer. Race, primary tumor sites and PD-L1 combined positive score can be used to predict the potency of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Therapy of Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Gengwei Huo
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Therapy of Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Therapy of Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Tianjin, 300060, China
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8
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LncRNA LINC01094 Promotes Cells Proliferation and Metastasis through the PTEN/AKT Pathway by Targeting AZGP1 in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041261. [PMID: 36831602 PMCID: PMC9954187 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were recently reported to play an essential role in multiple cancer types. Herein, through next-generation sequencing, we screened metastasis-driving molecules by using tissues from early-stage gastric cancer (GC) patients with lymph node metastasis, and we identified a lncRNA LINC01094, which was associated with the metastasis of GC. According to the clinical data from the TCGA, GSE15459, and GSE62254 cohorts, the high expression of LINC01094 was associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, 106 clinical GC and paired normal samples were collected, and the qRT-PCR results showed that the high expression of LINC01094 was associated with high T and N stages and a poor prognosis. We found that LINC01094 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of GC in vitro and in vivo. AZGP1 was found as the protein-binding partner of LINC01094 by using RNA pulldown and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. LINC01094 antagonizes the function of AZGP1, downregulates the expression of PTEN, and further upregulates the AKT pathway. Collectively, our results suggested that LINC01094 might predict the prognosis of GC patients and become the therapy target for GC.
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9
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Usman M, Beilerli A, Sufianov A, Kudryashov V, Ilyasova T, Balaev P, Danilov A, Lu H, Gareev I. Investigations into the impact of non-coding RNA on the sensitivity of gastric cancer to radiotherapy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1149821. [PMID: 36909247 PMCID: PMC9998927 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1149821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a newly discovered functional RNA different from messenger RNA, which can participate in regulating the occurrence and development of tumors. More and more research results show that ncRNAs can participate in the regulation of gastric cancer (GC) radiotherapy response, and its mechanism may be related to its effect on DNA damage repair, gastric cancer cell stemness, cell apoptosis, activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway, etc. This article summarizes the relevant mechanisms of ncRNAs regulating the response to radiotherapy in gastric cancer, which will be directly important for the introduction of ncRNAs particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) into clinical medicine as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Medical Imaging, Central Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Valentin Kudryashov
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Pavel Balaev
- Department of Oncology and Radiology, Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Andrei Danilov
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Smolensk State Medical University, Smolensk, Russia
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Central Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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10
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Shen X, Kong S, Ma S, Shen L, zheng M, Qin S, Qi J, Wang Q, Cui X, Ju S. Hsa_circ_0000437 promotes pathogenesis of gastric cancer and lymph node metastasis. Oncogene 2022; 41:4724-4735. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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LncRNA PVT1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration and Inhibits Cell Apoptosis by Phosphorylating YAP. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:5332129. [PMID: 35664988 PMCID: PMC9162823 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5332129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) as a serious global health problem is a threat to human longevity. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) participates in the formation and progression of various cancers, including GC. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism underlying the functions of PVT1 and explore a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of GC. Analysis of the TCGA dataset using the R software identified that the lncRNA PVT1 was greatly upregulated in GC tissues. Twenty pairs of GC and adjacent normal tissues were acquired from patients with GC, and the expression of PVT1 was evaluated using RT-qPCR. Furthermore, PVT1 expression was knocked down in GC cells using siRNA, and the GC cells were divided into control, negative control (NC), and siRNA groups. Cell proliferation ability was analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays, whereas cell migration and invasion ability were investigated through wound healing and Transwell assays. Moreover, Western blotting was used to analyze the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins. We also found that PVT1 and YAP expressions were upregulated in the GC tissues compared with those in the adjacent nontumor tissues. Knockdown of PVT1 was found to inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration and promote apoptosis of GC cells. Furthermore, knockdown of PVT1 downregulated YAP and promoted phosphorylation of YAP, suggesting that PVT1 exerts actions on GC cells by targeting YAP and inhibits cell apoptosis in vitro. The EMT process was also inhibited by the knockdown of PVT1. In summary, lncRNA PVT1 facilitated cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and suppressed cell apoptosis by targeting YAP. This study suggests that the expressions of PVT1 and YAP could be used for the early detection of GC and the occurrence and development of GC could be inhibited by interfering the interaction of PVT1 and YAP, which will provide new insights for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of GC.
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12
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Sadoughi F, Dana PM, Homayoonfal M, Sharifi M, Asemi Z. Molecular basis of melatonin protective effects in metastasis: A novel target of melatonin. Biochimie 2022; 202:15-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Yang Q, Chen Y, Guo R, Dai Y, Tang L, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Shen J, Yi T, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Interaction of ncRNA and Epigenetic Modifications in Gastric Cancer: Focus on Histone Modification. Front Oncol 2022; 11:822745. [PMID: 35155211 PMCID: PMC8826423 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.822745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has developed as a very common gastrointestinal tumors, with recent effective advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer. However, the prognosis for gastric cancer remains poor. As a result, there is in sore need of better understanding the mechanisms of gastric cancer development and progression to improve existing diagnostic and treatment options. In recent years, epigenetics has been recognized as an important contributor on tumor progression. Epigenetic changes in cancer include chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation and histone modifications. An increasing number of studies demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are associated with epigenetic changes in gastric cancer. Herein, we describe the molecular interactions of histone modifications and ncRNAs in epigenetics. We focus on ncRNA-mediated histone modifications of gene expression associated with tumorigenesis and progression in gastric cancer. This molecular mechanism will contribute to our deeper understanding of gastric carcinogenesis and progression, thus providing innovations in gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yalan Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
| | - Liyao Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Shen
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
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14
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Jiang H, Yu D, Yang P, Guo R, Kong M, Gao Y, Yu X, Lu X, Fan X. Revealing the transcriptional heterogeneity of organ-specific metastasis in human gastric cancer using single-cell RNA Sequencing. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e730. [PMID: 35184420 PMCID: PMC8858624 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deciphering intra- and inter-tumoural heterogeneity is essential for understanding the biology of gastric cancer (GC) and its metastasis and identifying effective therapeutic targets. However, the characteristics of different organ-tropism metastases of GC are largely unknown. METHODS Ten fresh human tissue samples from six patients, including primary tumour and adjacent non-tumoural samples and six metastases from different organs or tissues (liver, peritoneum, ovary, lymph node) were evaluated using single-cell RNA sequencing. Validation experiments were performed using histological assays and bulk transcriptomic datasets. RESULTS Malignant epithelial subclusters associated with invasion features, intraperitoneal metastasis propensity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-induced tumour stem cell phenotypes, or dormancy-like characteristics were discovered. High expression of the first three subcluster-associated genes displayed worse overall survival than those with low expression in a GC cohort containing 407 samples. Immune and stromal cells exhibited cellular heterogeneity and created a pro-tumoural and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Furthermore, a 20-gene signature of lymph node-derived exhausted CD8+ T cells was acquired to forecast lymph node metastasis and validated in GC cohorts. Additionally, although anti-NKG2A (KLRC1) antibody have not been used to treat GC patients even in clinical trials, we uncovered not only malignant tumour cells but one endothelial subcluster, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, T cell-like B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils may contribute to HLA-E-KLRC1/KLRC2 interaction with cytotoxic/exhausted CD8+ T cells and/or natural killer (NK) cells, suggesting novel clinical therapeutic opportunities in GC. Additionally, our findings suggested that PD-1 expression in CD8+ T cells might predict clinical responses to PD-1 blockade therapy in GC. CONCLUSIONS This study provided insights into heterogeneous microenvironment of GC primary tumours and organ-specific metastases and provide support for precise diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Jiang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Dingyi Yu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Penghui Yang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Rongfang Guo
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mei Kong
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Gastro‐Intestinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiongfei Yu
- Department of Surgical OncologyThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐Based Chinese MedicineInnovation Center in Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics InstituteCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Component‐Based Chinese MedicineInnovation Center in Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and BiomedicineHangzhouChina
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15
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Chang XT, Wu H, Li HL, Li HL, Zheng YB. PADI4 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) in gastric cancer via the upregulation of interleukin 8. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:25. [PMID: 35045833 PMCID: PMC8767667 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the deadliest tumours due to its ability to metastasize. The Epithelial–to-mesenchymal transition plays a crucial role in promoting the GC metastasis, which increases the migration and metastasis of tumour cells. Peptidyl arginine deiminase IV (PADI4) is a susceptibility gene for gastric carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional roles of PADI4 in gastric cancer.
Methods
The expression of PADI4 was examined by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the functional roles of PADI4 were explored by over-expression PADI4 plasmids in gastric cancer cells.
Results
We found that the expression of PADI4 was up-regulated in GC. PADI4 overexpression in GC cells increased the proliferation, migration, metastasis, clone forming ability, and tumorigenic ability, but reduced the apoptosis ability. The Multi-Analyte ELISArray Kit results showed that interleukin 8 (IL-8) is upregulated in PADI4-overexpressing gastric cells. Using short interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence the expression of IL-8, we demonstrated that IL-8 silencing significantly inhibited the increased migratory capacity in PADI4-overexpressing GC cells.
Conclusions
Our data suggest that PADI4 accelerate metastasis by promoting IL-8 expression in gastric cancer cells, indicating that it is a new PADI4/IL-8 signalling pathway in metastatic GC.
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16
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You X, Li M, Cai H, Zhang W, Hong Y, Gao W, Liu Y, Liang X, Wu T, Chen F, Su D. Calcium Binding Protein S100A16 Expedites Proliferation, Invasion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Process in Gastric Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736929. [PMID: 34650982 PMCID: PMC8505768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system, listed as the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. S100 Calcium Binding Protein A16 (S100A16) is an acidic calcium-binding protein associated with several types of tumor progression. However, the function of S100A16 in GC is still not very clear. In this study, we analyzed S100A16 expression with the GEPIA database and the UALCAN cancer database. Meanwhile, 100 clinical GC samples were used for the evaluation of its role in the prognostic analysis. We found that S100A16 is significantly upregulated in GC tissues and closely correlated with poor prognosis in GC patients. Functional studies reveal that S100A16 overexpression triggers GC cell proliferation and migration both in vivo and in vitro; by contrast, S100A16 knockdown restricts the speed of GC cell growth and mobility. Proteomic analysis results reveal a large S100A16 interactome, which includes ZO-2 (Zonula Occludens-2), a master regulator of cell-to-cell tight junctions. Mechanistic assay results indicate that excessive S100A16 instigates GC cell invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via ZO-2 inhibition, which arose from S100A16-mediated ZO-2 ubiquitination and degradation. Our results not only reveal that S100A16 is a promising candidate biomarker in GC early diagnosis and prediction of metastasis, but also establish the therapeutic importance of targeting S100A16 to prevent ZO-2 loss and suppress GC metastasis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying You
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwei Cai
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Hong
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Geratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Hu G, Zhang Z, Jing Y, Tao F, Ye M. CircRNA_0043691 sponges miR-873-3p to promote metastasis of gastric cancer. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:476-487. [PMID: 34370061 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of novel RNAs, and aberrant expression of circRNAs has been implicated in human diseases, including gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to identify the mechanism of circRNA_0043691 in regulating the progression of GC. GSE141977 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omibus ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ ). Differentially expressed circRNAs were obtained by R software. The expression levels of circRNA_0043691 in GC tissue and normal tissue were identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Knockdown of circRNA_0043691 was then constructed and verified by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, migration, and invasion capacity were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, Transwell migration, and invasion, respectively. Next, knockdown of miR-873-3p was constructed and co-cultured with circRNA_0043691 knockdown to identify whether knockdown of miR-873-3p could attenuate the circRNA_0043691 knockdown on GC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion. The relationship between miR-873-3p and circRNA_0043691 or GART was predicted by bioinformatics tools and verified by dual-luciferase reporter. A total of 211 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed, including 143 remarkably downregulated circRNAs and 68 significantly upregulated circRNAs. CircRNA_0043691 was upregulated in GC tissue. Knockdown of circRNA_0043691 decreased cell viability, migration, and invasion in GC cells. CircRNA_0043691 has potential putative binding sites with miR-873-3p. Moreover, CircRNA_0043691 positively regulated GART expression by sponging miR-873-3p. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-591 could partially attenuate the si-circRNA_0043691 on the GART expression. GART was upregulated in GC tissue and knockdown of GART could inhibit GC cells proliferation and invasion. Knockdown of circRNA_0043691 delayed the progression of GC via modulating the miR-873-3p-GART axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gengyuan Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuanming Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Minfeng Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), No. 568 Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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18
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Zhang M, Gao F, Yu X, Zhang Q, Sun Z, He Y, Guo W. LINC00261: a burgeoning long noncoding RNA related to cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:274. [PMID: 34022894 PMCID: PMC8141177 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are considered to be vital regulators of many cellular processes, particularly in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 261 (LINC00261), a recently discovered lncRNA, is abnormally expressed in a variety of human malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, laryngeal carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, choriocarcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. LINC00261 mainly functions as a tumor suppressor that regulates a variety of biological processes in the above-mentioned cancers, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, motility, chemoresistance, and tumorigenesis. In addition, the up-regulation of LINC00261 is closely correlated with both favorable prognoses and many clinical characteristics. In the present review, we summarize recent research documenting the expression and biological mechanisms of LINC00261 in tumor development. These findings suggest that LINC00261, as a tumor suppressor, has bright prospects both as a biomarker and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menggang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ, Transplantation at Henan Universities, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Health Management Center, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ, Transplantation at Henan Universities, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ, Transplantation at Henan Universities, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zongzong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ, Transplantation at Henan Universities, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshedong Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ, Transplantation at Henan Universities, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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19
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Shao Y, Zhang YX, Chen HH, Lu SS, Zhang SC, Zhang JX. Advances in the application of artificial intelligence in solid tumor imaging. Artif Intell Cancer 2021; 2:12-24. [DOI: 10.35713/aic.v2.i2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial in reducing cancer-related mortality. Artificial intelligence (AI) has greatly relieved clinical workloads and changed the current medical workflows. We searched for recent studies, reports and reviews referring to AI and solid tumors; many reviews have summarized AI applications in the diagnosis and treatment of a single tumor type. We herein systematically review the advances of AI application in multiple solid tumors including esophagus, stomach, intestine, breast, thyroid, prostate, lung, liver, cervix, pancreas and kidney with a specific focus on the continual improvement on model performance in imaging practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, People Hospital of Jiangying, Jiangying 214400, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shan-Shan Lu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Chang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie-Xin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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20
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Recent Advances in Anti-Metastatic Approaches of Herbal Medicines in 5 Major Cancers: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040527. [PMID: 33801741 PMCID: PMC8065873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death. Despite its high fatality, a comprehensive study that covers anti-metastasis of herbal medicines has not yet been conducted. The aim of this study is to investigate and assess the anti-metastatic efficacies of herbal medicines in the five major cancers, including lung, colorectal, gastric, liver, and breast cancers. We collected articles published within five years using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science with "cancer metastasis" and "herbal medicine" as keywords. Correspondingly, 16 lung cancer, 23 colorectal cancer, 10 gastric cancer, 10 liver cancer, and 18 breast cancer studies were systematically reviewed. The herbal medicines attenuated metastatic potential targeting various mechanisms such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and angiogenesis. Specifically, the drugs regulated metastasis related factors such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), serine-threonine protein kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinase (AKT/ERK), angiogenic factors, and chemokines. Overall, the present study is the first review, comprehensively investigating the anti-metastasis effect of herbal medicines on five major cancers, providing the experimental models, doses and durations, and mechanisms. Herbal medicines could be a potent candidate for anti-metastatic drugs.
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21
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Studies of anticancer activity in vivo and in vitro behaviors of liposomes encapsulated iridium(III) complex. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:109-122. [PMID: 33475857 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Iridium(III) complexes have gained great attention in cancer treatment in recent years. In this paper, we designed and synthesized a new iridium(III) complex [Ir(piq)2(DQTT)](PF6) Ir1 (piq = 1-phenylisoquinoline, DQTT = 12-(1,4-dihydroquinoxalin-6-yl)-4,5,9,14-tetraazabenzo[b]triphenylene). The Ir1-loaded PEGylated liposomes (Lipo-Ir1) were prepared using the ethanol injection method. The anticancer activity of the complex and Lipo-Ir1 against SGC-7901 (human gastric adenocarcinoma), A549 (human lung carcinoma), HeLa (human cervical carcinoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), BEL-7402 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), and normal NIH3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) was tested by the MTT method. The complex Ir1 shows moderate or low cytotoxicity against the selected cancer cells, whereas the Lipo-Ir1 exhibits high anticancer activity toward the same cancer cells. The apoptosis induced by Lipo-Ir1 was assayed by flow cytometry and Lipo-Ir1 induced apoptosis through increasing intracellular reactive-oxygen species levels, decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, further promoting cytochrome c release and causing the increase of level of intracellular Ca2+. Western blot was used to detect the changes in Bcl-2 family protein and PI3K/AKT pathway proteins. The cloning experiments demonstrated that the Lipo-Ir1 can effectively inhibit cell proliferation. In vivo experiments, Lipo-Ir1 inhibited tumor growth in xenograft nude mice, and the percentage of tumor growth inhibition in vivo was 75.70%. Overall, the liposomes Lipo-Ir1 exhibits higher anticancer activity than Ir1 under the same conditions. These results indicated that Lipo-Ir1 may be a valuable resource for cancer therapy.
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22
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Developing a risk scoring system based on immune-related lncRNAs for patients with gastric cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227201. [PMID: 33295609 PMCID: PMC7789809 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system and the tumor interact closely during tumor development. Aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be potentially applied as diagnostic and prognostic markers for gastric cancer (GC). At present, the diagnosis and treatment of GC patients remain a formidable clinical challenge. The present study aimed to build a risk scoring system to improve the prognosis of GC patients. In the present study, ssGSEA was used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in GC tumor tissue samples, and the samples were split into a high immune cell infiltration group and a low immune cell infiltration group. About 1262 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the high immune cell infiltration group and the low immune cell infiltration group. About 3204 differentially expressed lncRNAs between GC tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues were identified. Then, 621 immune-related lncRNAs were screened using a Venn analysis based on the above results, and 85 prognostic lncRNAs were identified using a univariate Cox analysis. We constructed a prognostic signature using LASSO analysis and evaluated the predictive performance of the signature using ROC analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on the lncRNAs using the R package, ‘clusterProfiler’. The TIMER online database was used to analyze correlations between the risk score and the abundances of the six types of immune cells. In conclusion, our study found that specific immune-related lncRNAs were clinically significant. These lncRNAs were used to construct a reliable prognostic signature and analyzed immune infiltrates, which may assist clinicians in developing individualized treatment strategies for GC patients.
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23
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Xu J, Lv S, Meng W, Zuo F. LCN2 Mediated by IL-17 Affects the Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Cell Cycle of Gastric Cancer Cells by Targeting SLPI. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12841-12849. [PMID: 33364832 PMCID: PMC7751782 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s278902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer occurred in China and even the whole East Asia with high incidence. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of IL-17 in gastric cancer cells mediated by LCN2 binding to SLPI. Methods The expression of LCN2 and SPLI in gastric cancer cells and transfection effects were confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. The proliferation, clone formation ability, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle of gastric cancer cells were in turn detected by CCK-8 assay, clone formation assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay, and flow cytometry analysis. The combination between LCN2 and SLPI was determined by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The expression of Caspase-3, Bcl-2, cyclinB1, cyclinD1, MMP9, and SLPI in gastric cancer cells was detected by Western blot analysis. Results LCN2 and SPLI exhibited the highest levels in AGS cells, and thus AGS cells were selected for the next experiments. Down-regulation of LCN2 suppressed the proliferation and clone formation ability of AGS cells treated with IL-17. IL-17 promoted the invasion and migration of AGS cells, which was partially reversed by the down-regulation of LCN2. Down-regulation of LCN2 mediated by IL-17 promoted apoptosis and suppressed the cell cycle of AGS cells. Discussion Down-regulation of LCN2 mediated by IL-17 suppressed the proliferation and suppressed the migration and invasion and cell cycle of gastric cancer cells by targeting SLPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - ShengXiang Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Functional Examination, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, People's Republic of China
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Ashrafizadeh M, Najafi M, Ang HL, Moghadam ER, Mahabady MK, Zabolian A, Jafaripour L, Bejandi AK, Hushmandi K, Saleki H, Zarrabi A, Kumar AP. PTEN, a Barrier for Proliferation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells: From Molecular Pathways to Targeting and Regulation. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E264. [PMID: 32756305 PMCID: PMC7460532 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the life-threatening disorders that, in spite of excellent advances in medicine and technology, there is no effective cure for. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are extensively applied in cancer therapy, but their efficacy in eradication of cancer cells, suppressing metastasis, and improving overall survival of patients is low. This is due to uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells and their high migratory ability. Finding molecular pathways involved in malignant behavior of cancer cells can pave the road to effective cancer therapy. In the present review, we focus on phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) signaling as a tumor-suppressor molecular pathway in gastric cancer (GC). PTEN inhibits the PI3K/Akt pathway from interfering with the migration and growth of GC cells. Its activation leads to better survival of patients with GC. Different upstream mediators of PTEN in GC have been identified that can regulate PTEN in suppressing growth and invasion of GC cells, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. It seems that antitumor agents enhance the expression of PTEN in overcoming GC. This review focuses on aforementioned topics to provide a new insight into involvement of PTEN and its downstream and upstream mediators in GC. This will direct further studies for evaluation of novel signaling networks and their targeting for suppressing GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran;
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran;
| | - Hui Li Ang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran;
- Kazerun Health Technology Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 6461665145, Iran
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8715988141, Iran;
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.Z.); (A.K.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Leila Jafaripour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful 3419759811, Iran;
| | - Atefe Kazemzade Bejandi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.Z.); (A.K.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417414418, Iran;
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1916893813, Iran; (A.Z.); (A.K.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
- Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
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