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Wang X, Lu J, Wu Y, Zheng W, Zhang H, Bai T, Liu H, Li D, Ci L. Building Stable Anodes for High-Rate Na-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311256. [PMID: 38181436 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Due to low cost and high energy density, sodium metal batteries (SMBs) have attracted growing interest, with great potential to power future electric vehicles (EVs) and mobile electronics, which require rapid charge/discharge capability. However, the development of high-rate SMBs has been impeded by the sluggish Na+ ion kinetics, particularly at the sodium metal anode (SMA). The high-rate operation severely threatens the SMA stability, due to the unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI), the Na dendrite growth, and large volume changes during Na plating-stripping cycles, leading to rapid electrochemical performance degradations. This review surveys key challenges faced by high-rate SMAs, and highlights representative stabilization strategies, including the general modification of SMB components (including the host, Na metal surface, electrolyte, separator, and cathode), and emerging solutions with the development of solid-state SMBs and liquid metal anodes; the working principle, performance, and application of these strategies are elaborated, to reduce the Na nucleation energy barriers and promote Na+ ion transfer kinetics for stable high-rate Na metal anodes. This review will inspire further efforts to stabilize SMAs and other metal (e.g., Li, K, Mg, Zn) anodes, promoting high-rate applications of high-energy metal batteries towards a more sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihao Wang
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingyu Lu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yehui Wu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Weiran Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tiansheng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Deping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lijie Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Cui J, Jin B, Xu A, Li J, Shao M. Single-Atom Metallophilic Sites for Liquid NaK Alloy Confinement toward Stable Alkali-Metal Anodes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206479. [PMID: 36646523 PMCID: PMC10015853 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature liquid NaK alloy is a promising candidate for high performance metal batteries, due to its dendrite-free property and high energy density. However, its practical application is hindered by the high surface tension of liquid NaK, which causes difficulties in maintaining a stable contact with a current collector. Here, the authors demonstrate the extraordinary stable confinement of NaK alloy at room temperature by constructing a super-wetting substrate, which is based on highly dispersed cobalt-single-atom carbon nanoarrays. The developed liquid anode electrode prevented successfully the leakage of NaK alloy even in harsh stress (>5 MPa) or sharp shock conditions. The symmetric cells achieved ultra-long reversible plating/stripping cycling life in both Na-ion (>1010 hrs) and K-ion electrolytes (>4000 hrs) at 10 mA cm-2 /10 mAh cm-2 . Upon fitting with Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 , the NaK assembled full battery provided high energy density (332.6 kWh kg-1 ) and power density (11.05 kW kg-1 ) with excellent stability after >21600 cycles, which is the best value reported so far. The prepared pouch cell was able to drive a four-axis aircraft, demonstrating a great prospect in practical application. This work offers a new approach in the preparation of advanced dendrite-free liquid metal anodes with promising applications in electrochemical energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of South ChinaHengyang421001China
| | - Bowen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Annan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Jiale Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
| | - Mingfei Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China
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Shao M, Wu N, Chen T, Han X, Shen Y, Zhang W, Zheng B, Li S, Huo F. Amorphous hollow carbon film as a flexible host for liquid Na-K alloy anode. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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