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Bhattarai BP, Singh AK, Singh RP, Chaulagain R, Søland TM, Hasséus B, Sapkota D. Recurrence in Oral Leukoplakia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2024:220345241266519. [PMID: 39290142 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241266519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The management of oral leukoplakia (OL) is challenging because of a high risk for recurrence and malignant transformation (MT), and recurrent OL is associated with a higher risk of MT than nonrecurrent OL. The present meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between OL recurrence and surgical techniques used for their management as well as their clinicopathological factors. Electronic searches were conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to retrieve studies reporting OL recurrence after surgery. The pooled proportion of OL recurrence after surgical excision was estimated. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the surgical technique, data type, grades of epithelial dysplasia, anatomical subsites, clinical type and size of the lesion, surgical margin, and risk habits. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between age, sex, and follow-up duration and OL recurrence. The risk of MT based on the recurrence status was also estimated. A network meta-analysis was performed to determine the surgical modality associated with the least OL recurrence. Eighty studies with a total of 7,614 samples and various surgical modalities (laser-based techniques, conventional scalpel surgery, cryosurgery, and photodynamic therapy) were included in the meta-analysis. A pooled proportion of recurrence of 22% was observed. Laser-based surgeries resulted in fewer OL recurrences than other surgical modalities, and the combination of laser excision and vaporization was identified to be the best treatment approach. OL in the retromolar area and multiple sites, nonhomogeneous OL, advanced age, female sex, inadequate surgical margin, retrospective data, and betel quid chewing habit were significantly associated with higher OL recurrence. Recurrent OL showed a 7.39 times higher risk of MT than nonrecurrent OL. These results suggest that the combination of laser excision and vaporization might reduce OL recurrence. Furthermore, OL in older patients, females, and nonhomogeneous OL need close monitoring after any surgical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A K Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R P Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - R Chaulagain
- Department of Oral Biology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - T M Søland
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Hasséus
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Sapkota
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Galib R, Ahmed A, Gupta N, Khan R, Sharma SC. A Comparative Study of the Treatment of Oral Premalignant Lesions with Surgical Excision and Medical Therapy. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:1965-1971. [PMID: 38566720 PMCID: PMC10982230 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04467-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions are a group of oral conditions with an altered morphological state of the normal mucosal lining and include different lesions such as leukoplakia, erythroplakia, submucosal fibrosis, and lichen planus. Aim To compare the outcome of premalignant oral lesions after medical therapy consisting of submucosal intralesional injection of triamcinolone with hyaluronidase and surgical excision. Materials and Methods This was a comparative prospective interventional study and the study was conducted among 50 patients presented to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology with premalignant oral lesions from the year 2020 to 2022. Patients were divided into two groups by random allocation, group A was treated with medical therapy, and Group B was treated with surgical excision and followed for a minimum of 6 months and the outcome has been categorized. Results All patients were divided into two groups-group A and group B, group A consisted of 22 (44%) patients who were given medical therapy, and group B consisted of 28 (56%) patients who underwent surgical excision. In group A, the clinical response was seen in 8 (36.36%) and in group B, the clinical response was seen in 18 (64.29%) patients. Conclusion Surgical excision was found to be better with more cases of clinical response (64.29%) when compared to medical treatment (36.36%) with a p value of 0.0497 which is significant whereas malignant transformation was almost equal in medical therapy and surgical treatment which was 13.64% and 14.28%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Galib
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U.), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U.), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Nainsi Gupta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U.), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - Roobina Khan
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U.), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
| | - S. C. Sharma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U.), Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002 India
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Aamir R, Rauf F, Iqbal F, Yousuf S, Rehman A, Sheikh AK, Muhammad S. Immunohistochemical Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:157-162. [PMID: 38268382 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression has been implicated in several tumors and is associated with increased tumor advancement as well as a potential drug target. The objective of the study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of EGFR in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and their demographic and pathologic parameters. METHODS This study was a comparative cross-sectional analytical study. It was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, from March 2021 to February 2022. The sample size was calculated through G Power. Thirty-eight cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and 38 cases of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. χ 2 tests and Fisher exact tests were applied to compare categorical variables. RESULTS Mean age of OSCC was 61.6±13.9, with age range from 26 to 90 years. The male-to-female ratio for OSCC was 2.16:1. Buccal mucosa was the most common site involved (34.2%). The most common histologic type was well-differentiated OSCC (71.05%) followed by poorly differentiated (16%) and moderately differentiated (13.15%). The mean age of OPMDs cases was 59.16 ± 10.81 with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.2. Buccal mucosa was the common site (55.3%), followed by the tongue (18.4%). The OPMDs with dysplasia were 55.2%, and without dysplasia were 44.8%. A total of 55.7% of cases of OSCC showed positive EGFR expression as compared with 36.9% OPMDs cases. A higher number of low-grade OSCC cases showed increased EGFR positivity (59.3%) as compared with high grade (45.45%). EGFR positivity in OPMD cases without dysplasia was 41.2% as compared with cases with dysplasia (33.3%). The EGFR expression in OPMD cases was higher in the ≤50 age group ( P =0.001) and in females ( P =0.032), which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS EGFR expression by Immunohistochemistry may not be a helpful prognostic marker to determine the risk of OPMDs progressing to higher grades of dysplasia or invasive cancer. However, further studies relating this tumor marker to stage, lymph node metastasis, hematogenous metastasis, survival outcomes, and treatment response may give useful information regarding the utility of this marker.
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Shah JS, Dubey J. Prevalence and factors associated with oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma: An institutional study. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:S536-S544. [PMID: 38384016 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_759_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Incidence & prevalence of OPMDs & OSCC is increasing day by day, thereby escalating the burden of oral cancer in India. Oral cancer ranks in the top three of all cancers in India and is quickly becoming a health priority. This study aims to assess prevalence and associated factors of OPMDs and OSCC in patients attending dental OPD and its association with age, gender, habit (type & duration), clinical presentation and site of involvement. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospectively 12 months study was conducted in the outpatient department. Patient's data whether suspected or proven cases of OPMDs & OSCC and fits in clinical criteria were reviewed and analysed for demographic data, oral adverse habit, clinical presentation and site of involvement. RESULTS Overall 38,588 patient's data were analysed for 12 month time duration. Out of this 552 (1.43%) cases of OPMDs and 58 (0.15%) cases of OSCC were reported. Out of 552 maximum patients were reported with OSMF (34.4%), followed by other lesions and minimum with LP (7.9%). Age group most commonly affected was above 45 years (44.9%) of age. Males (81.1%) were affected more than females. OPMDs (92%) and OSCC (96.5%) were mostly associated with smokeless or smoking form of tobacco. CONCLUSION Present study evaluated the prevalence rates and associated factors of OPMDs & OSCC, which is beneficial for general practitioner in early diagnosis, formulating better treatment plan and to educate general population about risk factors, early signs and symptoms of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigna S Shah
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Marbaniang I, Joshi S, Sangle S, Khaire S, Thakur R, Chavan A, Gupte N, Kulkarni V, Deshpande P, Nimkar S, Mave V. Smokeless tobacco use and oral potentially malignant disorders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Pune, India: Implications for oral cancer screening in PLHIV. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270876. [PMID: 35788753 PMCID: PMC9255739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In India, smokeless tobacco (SLT) is a predominant form of tobacco used among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Despite SLT being a risk factor for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), no prior studies have quantified the association of OPMDs with SLT use among PLHIV. This limits the planning of preventive and control strategies for oral cancer among PLHIV, who are at higher risk for the disease. METHODS We enrolled 601 PLHIV and 633 HIV-uninfected individuals in an oral cancer screening study at BJ Government Medical College, Pune, India. Oral cavity images were collected using an m-Health application and reviewed by three clinicians. Participants with two clinician positive diagnoses were deemed to have suspected OPMDs. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were used to quantify the association between suspected OPMDs and SLT use among PLHIV. PRs for current SLT users, across HIV status and use duration were also estimated. Corrected PRs were obtained by modifying the maximum likelihood estimation. Models were adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol use and CD4 counts. RESULTS Of those enrolled, 61% were men, median age was 36 years (IQR: 28-44), and 33% currently use SLT. Proportion of current SLT users was similar across PLHIV and HIV-uninfected groups but use duration for current SLT use was higher among PLHIV(p<0.05). Among PLHIV, current SLT users had a 5-times (95% CI:3.1-7.0) higher prevalence of suspected OPMDs, compared to non-users. Relative to HIV uninfected individuals with the same SLT use duration, significant associations with suspected OPMDs were seen for PLHIV with<10 use years (PR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.5-8.1) but not for PLHIV with≥10 use years (PR: 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9-1.8). CONCLUSION PLHIV that are current SLT users are at high risk of OPMDs and potentially oral cancer. The development of strategies for screening, early detection, and management of OPMDs must be considered for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Marbaniang
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
- Department of Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Samir Joshi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Shashikala Sangle
- Department of Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Samir Khaire
- Department of Dentistry, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Rahul Thakur
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Amol Chavan
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Nikhil Gupte
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
- Center for Clinical Global Health Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vandana Kulkarni
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Prasad Deshpande
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Smita Nimkar
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
| | - Vidya Mave
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College – Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, India
- Center for Clinical Global Health Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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Abstract
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program from the National Cancer Institute reports that the aggregate number of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer cases has been increasing over the past decade and, despite an overall decline in oral cavity cancers, this increase is largely related to a dramatic increase in cancers involving oropharyngeal subsites. Early detection of oral cavity cancers is commensurate with improved survival, and opportunistic screening by trained clinicians to detect oral cavity cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders is recommended by the American Dental Association and the American Academy of Oral Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ojeda
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, office 2.565U, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Michaell A Huber
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, School of Dentistry, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
| | - Alexander R Kerr
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, Room 813C, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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Xing X, Han S, Li Z, Li Z. Emerging role of exosomes in craniofacial and dental applications. Theranostics 2020; 10:8648-8664. [PMID: 32754269 PMCID: PMC7392016 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, a specific subgroup of extracellular vesicles that are secreted by cells, have been recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. They participate in a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. Given the capability of exosomes to carry molecular cargos and transfer bioactive components, exosome-based disease diagnosis and therapeutics have been extensively studied over the past few decades. Herein, we highlight the emerging applications of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in the craniofacial and dental field. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of exosomes in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhi Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zubing Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Kerr AR, Robinson ME, Meyerowitz C, Morse DE, Aguilar ML, Tomar SL, Guerrero L, Caprio D, Kaste LM, Makhija SK, Mungia R, Rasubala L, Psoter WJ. Cues used by dentists in the early detection of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant lesions: findings from the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 130:264-272. [PMID: 32561250 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the influence of clinical cues on risk assessment of cancer-associated mucosal abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN We differentiated lesions with a low risk from those with a high risk for premalignancy or malignancy by using 4 cues: (1) color, (2) location, (3) induration, and (4) pain on exploration. Combinations of color and location were presented through 8 photographs, with induration and pain status variably presented in the standardized history and physical findings. This created 16 clinical scenarios (vignettes) that were permutations of the 4 cues. Three questions assessed the extent to which each cue was used in obtaining a clinical impression as to whether a lesion was benign, premalignant, or malignant. RESULTS Completed vignette questionnaires were obtained from 130 of 228 invited dentists, (two-thirds males; 79% white; mean age 52 years; average weekly hours of practice 33 hours). Only 40% of the responding dentists had statistically significant decision policies to assign a clinical diagnosis of a lesion as benign, premalignant, or malignant. Lesion location and color were the 2 dominant cues. As a cue, induration was used as a cue by more of the respondents in determining a clinical diagnosis of malignancy, and pain was infrequently used as a cue. CONCLUSIONS Many dentists do not to have a decision strategy for the clinical diagnosis and risk stratification of oral potentially malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ross Kerr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Michael E Robinson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cyril Meyerowitz
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Douglas E Morse
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Maria L Aguilar
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Prosthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Scott L Tomar
- Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Dianne Caprio
- Faculty Director of General Dentistry, Brunswick County-CSLC, Department of General Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Linda M Kaste
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sonia K Makhija
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, Division of Behavioral and Population Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rahma Mungia
- Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics; Director, South Texas Oral Health Network; Assistant Director, Southwest Region National Dental PBRN, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Linda Rasubala
- Assistant Director Howitt Urgent Dental Care, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Walter J Psoter
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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- National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group includes practitioner, faculty, and staff investigators who contributed to this activity. A list is available at http://nationaldentalpbrn.org/collaborative-group.php
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Venugopal R, Bavle RM, Muniswamappa S, Makarla S, Hosthor SS, Shetty P. Well-armed is well started: A population-based study to assess risk stratification in potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020; 24:237-244. [PMID: 33456231 PMCID: PMC7802830 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between potentially premalignant oral epithelial lesions (PPOEL), oral squamous cell carcinoma and its higher incidence in South-East Asian population due to the use of arecanut, pan, slaked lime and tobacco is well known. The study was carried out in urban and rural population of Bengaluru, Karnataka, to assess and correlate the pattern of habit, clinical presentation and cytological grading of PPOELs, attempting at identifying the main arms associated with risk of malignant transformation. AIMS Assessment of history, clinical presentation of PPOELs, co-relate with cytological grades and escalate to binary risk assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fourteen cytological smears received at the Department from screening camps were stained with Papanicolaou and hematoxylin-eosin stains and correlated with the clinical data. RESULTS/STATISTICS Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. 38% lie between 21 and 30 years, 76.3% males, 81 cases involved buccal mucosa with 51.1% Grade II cytosmear, 53.5% chewing tobacco habit, 10 cases involved multiple sites with 60% Grade II cytosmear and 6 cases showed Grade III cytosmear. Based on clinical risk factors and cytological grading, 15.3% were grouped under high risk lesions as against 5.4% when only cytological grading was considered. CONCLUSION The incidence of PPOELs is increasing in young males with chewing tobacco mainly in buccal mucosa associated with habit. Biopsy and definitive treatment is necessary when the lesions are red, nonhomogeneous, seen in multiple sites and concomitant lesions with higher grades of dysplasia. The use of cytosmears in screening camps helps to assess, affirm and stress on biopsy on higher dysplasia grades as biopsy is not an acceptable norm in camps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Venugopal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Radhika Manoj Bavle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudhakara Muniswamappa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Soumya Makarla
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreelatha S Hosthor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Punith Shetty
- Medical Officer, Bangalore Branch, Indian Cancer Society, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are precursor lesions that may undergo malignant transformation to oral cancer. These lesions most commonly present clinically as white patches (leukoplakia). However, they may also be red (erythroplakia), or red and white (erythroleukoplakia). There are many risk factors associated with the development of an OPMD, and with the risk of malignant transformation of the lesion. A biopsy with subsequent microscopic examination from the lesional tissue is necessary in identification of OPMD. This article reviews the clinical appearance of OPMDs, associated risk factors, diagnosis and histologic appearance, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Wetzel
- Atlanta Oral Pathology, 2701 North Decatur Road, Decatur, GA 30022, USA.
| | - Jessica Wollenberg
- Randolph Oral Pathology Associates, 447 Route 10, Suite 5, Randolph, NJ 07869, USA
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Emran S, Hurskainen M, Tomppo L, Lappalainen R, Kullaa AM, Myllymaa S. Bioimpedance spectroscopy and spectral camera techniques in detection of oral mucosal diseases: a narrative review of the state-of-the-art. J Med Eng Technol 2019; 43:474-491. [DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2019.1692940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shekh Emran
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miia Hurskainen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Tomppo
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Reijo Lappalainen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja M. Kullaa
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Educational Dental Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Myllymaa
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Maymone MB, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA. Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 81:59-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Stoopler
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Thomas P. Sollecito
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Faizan Alawi
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia
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Abstract
Oral medicine is "the discipline of dentistry concerned with the oral health care of medically complex patients, including the diagnosis and primarily nonsurgical treatment and/or management of medically related conditions affecting the oral and maxillofacial region." In each of these areas, evidence-based medicine has shaped theoretic understanding and clinical practice. The available evidence allows for improved patient management. Further evidence, as it becomes available, should be reviewed on a regular basis to guide our clinical practice.
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