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Tiraboschi G, Isaac P, Breser ML, Angiolini V, Rodriguez-Berdini L, Porporatto C, Bohl LP. 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D 3-mediated effects on bovine innate immunity and on biofilm-forming Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cattle with mastitis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 240:106508. [PMID: 38521361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Mastitis is one the most widespread and serious diseases in dairy cattle. Recurrent and chronic infections are often attributable to certain pathogenicity mechanisms in mastitis-causing pathogens such as Staphylococcus spp. These include growing in biofilm and invading cells, both of which make it possible to resist or evade antimicrobial therapies and the host's immune system. This study tested the effects of active vitamin D3 (i.e., calcitriol or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) on the internalization and phagocytosis of biofilm-forming Staphylococcus spp. isolated from animals with mastitis. Two established bovine cell lines were used: MAC-T (mammary epithelial cells) and BoMac (macrophages). Calcitriol (0-200 nM) did not affect the viability of MAC-T cells nor that of BoMac cells after 24 and 72 h. Concentrations of 0-100 mM for 24 h upregulated the expression of 24-hydroxylase in MAC-T cells, but did not alter that of VDR. Pre-treatment of the cells with calcitriol for 24 h decreased the internalization of S. aureus V329 into MAC-T cells (0-100 nM), and stimulated the phagocytosis of the same strain and of S. xylosus 4913 (0-10 nM). Calcitriol and two conditioned media, obtained by treating the cells with 25-200 nM of the metabolite for 24 h, were also assessed in terms of their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. Neither calcitriol by itself nor the conditioned media affected staphylococcal growth or biofilm formation (0-200 nM for 12 and 24 h, respectively). In contrast, the conditioned media (0-100 nM for 24 h) decreased the biomass of preformed non-aureus staphylococcal biofilms and killed the bacteria within them, without affecting metabolic activity. These effects may be mediated by reactive oxygen species and proteins with antimicrobial and/or antibiofilm activity. In short, calcitriol could make pathogens more accessible to antimicrobial therapies and enhance bacterial clearance by professional phagocytes. Moreover, it may modulate the host's endogenous defenses in the bovine udder and help combat preformed non-aureus staphylococcal biofilms (S. chromogenes 40, S. xylosus 4913, and/or S. haemolyticus 6). The findings confirm calcitriol's potential as an adjuvant to prevent and/or treat intramammary infections caused by Staphylococcus spp., which would in turn contribute to reducing antibiotic use on dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Tiraboschi
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paula Isaac
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Laura Breser
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia Angiolini
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucía Rodriguez-Berdini
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carina Porporatto
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Luciana Paola Bohl
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB CONICET-UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional Villa María (UNVM), Campus Universitario, Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555. Villa María (C.P. 5900), Córdoba, Argentina.
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Darkwah S, Kotey FCN, Ahenkorah J, Adutwum-Ofosu KK, Donkor ES. Sepsis-Related Lung Injury and the Complication of Extrapulmonary Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Diseases 2024; 12:72. [PMID: 38667530 PMCID: PMC11049144 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, sepsis and pneumonia account for significant mortality and morbidity. A complex interplay of immune-molecular pathways underlies both sepsis and pneumonia, resulting in similar and overlapping disease characteristics. Sepsis could result from unmanaged pneumonia. Similarly, sepsis patients have pneumonia as a common complication in the intensive care unit. A significant percentage of pneumonia is misdiagnosed as septic shock. Therefore, our knowledge of the clinical relationship between pneumonia and sepsis is imperative to the proper management of these syndromes. Regarding pathogenesis and etiology, pneumococcus is one of the leading pathogens implicated in both pneumonia and sepsis syndromes. Growing evidence suggests that pneumococcal pneumonia can potentially disseminate and consequently induce systemic inflammation and severe sepsis. Streptococcus pneumoniae could potentially exploit the function of dendritic cells (DCs) to facilitate bacterial dissemination. This highlights the importance of pathogen-immune cell crosstalk in the pathophysiology of sepsis and pneumonia. The role of DCs in pneumococcal infections and sepsis is not well understood. Therefore, studying the immunologic crosstalk between pneumococcus and host immune mediators is crucial to elucidating the pathophysiology of pneumonia-induced lung injury and sepsis. This knowledge would help mitigate clinical diagnosis and management challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Darkwah
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box KB 4236, Ghana; (F.C.N.K.); (E.S.D.)
| | - Fleischer C. N. Kotey
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box KB 4236, Ghana; (F.C.N.K.); (E.S.D.)
| | - John Ahenkorah
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box KB 4236, Ghana; (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.)
| | - Kevin Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box KB 4236, Ghana; (J.A.); (K.K.A.-O.)
| | - Eric S. Donkor
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra P.O. Box KB 4236, Ghana; (F.C.N.K.); (E.S.D.)
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Zhao Y, Zhai L, Qin T, Hu L, Wang J, Zhang Z, Sui C, Zhang L, Zhou D, Lv M, Yang W. Time-Course Transcriptome Analysis of the Lungs of Mice Challenged with Aerosols of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 Clone Reveals Inflammatory Balance. Biomolecules 2023; 13:347. [PMID: 36830716 PMCID: PMC9953551 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
USA300, a dominant clone of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), is circulating globally and can cause necrotizing pneumonia with high morbidity and mortality. To further reveal the host anti-MRSA infection immune response, we established a mouse model of acute primary MRSA pneumonia challenged with aerosols of the USA300 clone. A time-course transcriptome analysis of the lungs collected at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 96 h post-infection (hpi) was conducted using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and multiple bioinformatic analysis methods. The change trend of histopathology and five innate immune cell (neutrophils, mononuclear cells, eosinophils, macrophages, DC cells) proportions in the lungs after infection was also examined. We observed a distinct acute pulmonary recovery process. A rapid initiation period of inflammation was present at 12 hpi, during which the IL-17 pathway dominantly mediated inflammation and immune defense. The main stages of host inflammatory response occurred at 24 and 48 hpi, and the regulation of interferon activation and macrophage polarization played an important role in the control of inflammatory balance at this stage. At 96 hpi, cellular proliferation processes associated with host repair were observed, as well as adaptive immunity and complement system responses involving C1q molecules. More importantly, the data provide new insight into and identify potential functional genes involved in the checks and balances occurring between host anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate transcriptional responses throughout the inflammatory recovery process in the lungs after MRSA infection. Our study uncovers valuable research targets for key regulatory mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of MRSA lung infections, which may help to develop novel treatment strategies for MRSA pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Immunology of Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lina Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tongtong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lingfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jiazhen Wang
- Department of Immunology of Basic Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chengyu Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Meng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
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Choi H, Yang SW, Joo JS, Park M, Jin Y, Kim JW, Lee SY, Lee SV, Yun TJ, Cho ML, Hwang HS, Kang YS. Sialylated IVIg binding to DC-SIGN + Hofbauer cells induces immune tolerance through the caveolin-1/NF-kB pathway and IL-10 secretion. Clin Immunol 2023; 246:109215. [PMID: 36581222 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the use of IVIg has increased in various immune-driven diseases and even in pregnancy, the exact action mechanisms of IVIg are not fully understood. Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) is a known receptor for α-2,6-sialylated IgG (sIVIg), which is responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of IVIg. DC-SIGN is expressed on Hofbauer cells (HBCs) of the fetal villi of the placenta which act as an innate immune modulator at the maternal-fetal interface. Preeclampsia is a major complication in pregnancy and is related to IL-10, a cytokine with an important role in immune tolerance. DC-SIGN interaction with sIVIg in HBCs promoted IL-10 secretion through the activation of the caveolin-1/NF-κB pathway, especially in plasma lipid rafts. Consistent results were obtained for HBCs from patients with preeclampsia. Collectively, the stimulation of DC-SIGN+ HBCs with sIVIg enhanced immune tolerance in the feto-maternal environment, suggesting the therapeutic application of sIVIg to prevent preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongjwa Choi
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sang-Gye Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine; Seoul 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Joo
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Science Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Park
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yihua Jin
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woon Kim
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Vin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Science Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yun
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, South Korea
| | - Han-Sung Hwang
- Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine; Seoul, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sun Kang
- Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Science Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University; 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; KU Research Center for Zoonosis, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Pei H. C1q and central nervous system disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1145649. [PMID: 37033981 PMCID: PMC10076750 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1145649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q is a crucial component of the complement system, which is activated through the classical pathway to perform non-specific immune functions, serving as the first line of defense against pathogens. C1q can also bind to specific receptors to carry out immune and other functions, playing a vital role in maintaining immune homeostasis and normal physiological functions. In the developing central nervous system (CNS), C1q functions in synapse formation and pruning, serving as a key player in the development and homeostasis of neuronal networks in the CNS. C1q has a close relationship with microglia and astrocytes, and under their influence, C1q may contribute to the development of CNS disorders. Furthermore, C1q can also have independent effects on neurological disorders, producing either beneficial or detrimental outcomes. Most of the evidence for these functions comes from animal models, with some also from human specimen studies. C1q is now emerging as a promising target for the treatment of a variety of diseases, and clinical trials are already underway for CNS disorders. This article highlights the role of C1q in CNS diseases, offering new directions for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of General Practice, Xingyang Sishui Central Health Center, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Pei,
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Activation of macrophages mediates dietary restriction-induced splenic involution. Life Sci 2022; 310:121068. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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An H, Qian C, Huang Y, Li J, Tian X, Feng J, Hu J, Fang Y, Jiao F, Zeng Y, Huang X, Meng X, Liu X, Lin X, Zeng Z, Guilliams M, Beschin A, Chen Y, Wu Y, Wang J, Oggioni MR, Leong J, Veening JW, Deng H, Zhang R, Wang H, Wu J, Cui Y, Zhang JR. Functional vulnerability of liver macrophages to capsules defines virulence of blood-borne bacteria. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20212032. [PMID: 35258552 PMCID: PMC8908791 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many encapsulated bacteria use capsules to cause invasive diseases. However, it remains largely unknown how the capsules enhance bacterial virulence under in vivo infection conditions. Here we show that the capsules primarily target the liver to enhance bacterial survival at the onset of blood-borne infections. In a mouse sepsis model, the capsules enabled human pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli to circumvent the recognition of liver-resident macrophage Kupffer cells (KCs) in a capsular serotype-dependent manner. In contrast to effective capture of acapsular bacteria by KCs, the encapsulated bacteria are partially (low-virulence types) or completely (high-virulence types) "untouchable" for KCs. We finally identified the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) as the first known capsule receptor on KCs to recognize the low-virulence serotype-7F and -14 pneumococcal capsules. Our data identify the molecular interplay between the capsules and KCs as a master controller of the fate and virulence of encapsulated bacteria, and suggest that the interplay is targetable for therapeutic control of septic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran An
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyun Qian
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Huang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianbin Tian
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaying Feng
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Fang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Jiao
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuna Zeng
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueting Huang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianbin Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xin Lin
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhutian Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Beschin
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije University Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yongwen Chen
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - John Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jan-Willem Veening
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Haiteng Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ren Zhang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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High-Throughput Mutagenesis and Cross-Complementation Experiments Reveal Substrate Preference and Critical Residues of the Capsule Transporters in Streptococcus pneumoniae. mBio 2021; 12:e0261521. [PMID: 34724815 PMCID: PMC8561386 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02615-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MOP (Multidrug/Oligosaccharidyl-lipid/Polysaccharide) family transporters are found in almost all life forms. They are responsible for transporting lipid-linked precursors across the cell membrane to support the synthesis of various glycoconjugates. While significant progress has been made in elucidating their transport mechanism, how these transporters select their substrates remains unclear. Here, we systematically tested the MOP transporters in the Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule pathway for their ability to translocate noncognate capsule precursors. Sequence similarity cannot predict whether these transporters are interchangeable. We showed that subtle changes in the central aqueous cavity of the transporter are sufficient to accommodate a different cargo. These changes can occur naturally, suggesting a potential mechanism of expanding substrate selectivity. A directed evolution experiment was performed to identify gain-of-function variants that translocate a noncognate cargo. Coupled with a high-throughput mutagenesis and sequencing (Mut-seq) experiment, residues that are functionally important for the capsule transporter were revealed. Lastly, we showed that the expression of a flippase that can transport unfinished precursors resulted in an increased susceptibility to bacitracin and mild cell shape defects, which may be a driving force to maintain transporter specificity. IMPORTANCE All licensed pneumococcal vaccines target the capsular polysaccharide (CPS). This layer is highly variable and is important for virulence in many bacterial pathogens. Most of the CPSs are produced by the Wzx/Wzy mechanism. In this pathway, CPS repeating units are synthesized in the cytoplasm, which must be flipped across the cytoplasmic membrane before polymerization. This step is mediated by the widely conserved MOP (Multidrug/Oligosaccharidyl-lipid/Polysaccharide) family transporters. Here, we systematically evaluated the interchangeability of these transporters and identified the residues important for substrate specificity and function. Understanding how CPS is synthesized will inform glycoengineering, vaccine development, and antimicrobial discovery.
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Wang H, Liu M. Complement C4, Infections, and Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:694928. [PMID: 34335607 PMCID: PMC8317844 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement C4, a key molecule in the complement system that is one of chief constituents of innate immunity for immediate recognition and elimination of invading microbes, plays an essential role for the functions of both classical (CP) and lectin (LP) complement pathways. Complement C4 is the most polymorphic protein in complement system. A plethora of research data demonstrated that individuals with C4 deficiency are prone to microbial infections and autoimmune disorders. In this review, we will discuss the diversity of complement C4 proteins and its genetic structures. In addition, the current development of the regulation of complement C4 activation and its activation derivatives will be reviewed. Moreover, the review will provide the updates on the molecule interactions of complement C4 under the circumstances of bacterial and viral infections, as well as autoimmune diseases. Lastly, more evidence will be presented to support the paradigm that links microbial infections and autoimmune disorders under the condition of the deficiency of complement C4. We provide such an updated overview that would shed light on current research of complement C4. The newly identified targets of molecular interaction will not only lead to novel hypotheses on the study of complement C4 but also assist to propose new strategies for targeting microbial infections, as well as autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wang
- Master Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Graduate Studies, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States.,Department of Basic Science College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Master Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Graduate Studies, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Fierer
- Infectious Diseases Section, VA Healthcare San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
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11
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O’Brien RM, Cannon A, Reynolds JV, Lysaght J, Lynam-Lennon N. Complement in Tumourigenesis and the Response to Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1209. [PMID: 33802004 PMCID: PMC7998562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, our knowledge of the complement system beyond innate immunity has progressed significantly. A modern understanding is that the complement system has a multifaceted role in malignancy, impacting carcinogenesis, the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype and response to therapies. The ability of local immune cells to produce and respond to complement components has provided valuable insights into their regulation, and the subsequent remodeling of the tumour microenvironment. These novel discoveries have advanced our understanding of the immunosuppressive mechanisms supporting tumour growth and uncovered potential therapeutic targets. This review discusses the current understanding of complement in cancer, outlining both direct and immune cell-mediated roles. The role of complement in response to therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation and immunotherapy is also presented. While complement activities are largely context and cancer type-dependent, it is evident that promising therapeutic avenues have been identified, in particular in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. O’Brien
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (R.M.O.); (A.C.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Aoife Cannon
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (R.M.O.); (A.C.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - John V. Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (R.M.O.); (A.C.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (R.M.O.); (A.C.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Niamh Lynam-Lennon
- Department of Surgery, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin and St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; (R.M.O.); (A.C.); (J.V.R.); (J.L.)
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of complement in regulating the removal of a target alloantigen following an incompatible red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, the formation of alloantibodies following RBC alloantigen exposure, and the development of hyperhemolysis in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies demonstrate that complement can accelerate alloantibody-mediated removal of target alloantigens from the RBC surface following incompatible transfusion. Complement also influences alloantigen availability during developing alloimmune responses and serves as a unique mediator of CD4 T-cell-independent alloantibody formation following RBC alloantigen exposure. Finally, alternative complement pathway activation appears to play a key role in the development of acute hemolytic episodes in patients with SCD, providing a potential druggable target to prevent acute complications in patients with this disease. SUMMARY Recent studies suggest that complement can regulate a wide variety of processes germane to hematology, from transfusion complications to baseline hemolysis in patients with SCD. As the role of complement in various disease processes becomes more fully understood, the ability to leverage recently developed complement modulating drugs will only continue to enhance providers' ability to favorably intervene in many hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Chonat
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Aflac Canter and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Amanda Mener
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Hans Verkerke
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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13
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Laursen NS, Pedersen DV, Gytz H, Zarantonello A, Bernth Jensen JM, Hansen AG, Thiel S, Andersen GR. Functional and Structural Characterization of a Potent C1q Inhibitor Targeting the Classical Pathway of the Complement System. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1504. [PMID: 32849513 PMCID: PMC7396675 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical pathway of complement is important for protection against pathogens and in maintaining tissue homeostasis, but excessive or aberrant activation is directly linked to numerous pathologies. We describe the development and in vitro characterization of C1qNb75, a single domain antibody (nanobody) specific for C1q, the pattern recognition molecule of the classical pathway. C1qNb75 binds to the globular head modules of human C1q with sub-nanomolar affinity and impedes classical pathway mediated hemolysis by IgG and IgM. Crystal structure analysis revealed that C1qNb75 recognizes an epitope primarily located in the C1q B-chain that overlaps with the binding sites of IgG and IgM. Thus, C1qNb75 competitively prevents C1q from binding to IgG and IgM causing blockade of complement activation by the classical pathway. Overall, C1qNb75 represents a high-affinity nanobody-based inhibitor of IgG- and IgM-mediated activation of the classical pathway and may serve as a valuable reagent in mechanistic and functional studies of complement, and as an efficient inhibitor of complement under conditions of excessive CP activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick S Laursen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Structural Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dennis V Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Structural Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Heidi Gytz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Structural Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alessandra Zarantonello
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Structural Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gregers R Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Structural Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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14
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Nagala M, Crocker PR. Towards understanding the cell surface phenotype, metabolic properties and immune functions of resident macrophages of the peritoneal cavity and splenic red pulp using high resolution quantitative proteomics. Wellcome Open Res 2020. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16061.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Resident macrophages (Mϕs) are distributed throughout the body and are important for maintaining tissue homeostasis and for defence against infections. Tissue Mϕs are highly adapted to their microenvironment and thought to mediate tissue-specific functions involving metabolism and immune defence that are not fully elucidated. Methods:We have used high resolution quantitative proteomics to gain insights into the functions of two types of resident tissue Mϕs: peritoneal cavity Mϕs and splenic red pulp Mϕs. The cellular expression levels of many proteins were validated by flow cytometry and were consistently in agreement with the proteomics data.Results:Peritoneal and splenic red pulp macrophages displayed major differences in cell surface phenotype reflecting their adaptation to different tissue microenvironments and tissue-specific functions. Peritoneal Mϕs were shown to be enriched in a number of key enzymes and metabolic pathways normally associated with the liver, such as metabolism of fructose, detoxification, nitrogen homeostasis and the urea cycle. Supporting these observations, we show that peritoneal Mϕs are able to utilise glutamine and glutamate which are rich in peritoneum for urea generation. In comparison, splenic red pulp Mϕs were enriched in proteins important for adaptive immunity such as antigen presenting MHC molecules, in addition to proteins required for erythrocyte homeostasis and iron turnover. We also show that these tissue Mϕs may utilise carbon and nitrogen substrates for different metabolic fates to support distinct tissue-specific roles.Conclusions:This study provides new insights into the functions of tissue Mϕs in immunity and homeostasis. The comprehensive proteomics data sets are a valuable resource for biologists and immunologists.
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15
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Bain CC, Gibson DA, Steers NJ, Boufea K, Louwe PA, Doherty C, González-Huici V, Gentek R, Magalhaes-Pinto M, Shaw T, Bajénoff M, Bénézech C, Walmsley SR, Dockrell DH, Saunders PTK, Batada NN, Jenkins SJ. Rate of replenishment and microenvironment contribute to the sexually dimorphic phenotype and function of peritoneal macrophages. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eabc4466. [PMID: 32561560 PMCID: PMC7610697 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abc4466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages reside in the body cavities where they maintain serosal homeostasis and provide immune surveillance. Peritoneal macrophages are implicated in the etiology of pathologies including peritonitis, endometriosis, and metastatic cancer; thus, understanding the factors that govern their behavior is vital. Using a combination of fate mapping techniques, we have investigated the impact of sex and age on murine peritoneal macrophage differentiation, turnover, and function. We demonstrate that the sexually dimorphic replenishment of peritoneal macrophages from the bone marrow, which is high in males and very low in females, is driven by changes in the local microenvironment that arise upon sexual maturation. Population and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed marked dimorphisms in gene expression between male and female peritoneal macrophages that was, in part, explained by differences in composition of these populations. By estimating the time of residency of different subsets within the cavity and assessing development of dimorphisms with age and in monocytopenic Ccr2 -/- mice, we demonstrate that key sex-dependent features of peritoneal macrophages are a function of the differential rate of replenishment from the bone marrow, whereas others are reliant on local microenvironment signals. We demonstrate that the dimorphic turnover of peritoneal macrophages contributes to differences in the ability to protect against pneumococcal peritonitis between the sexes. These data highlight the importance of considering both sex and age in susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Bain
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - D A Gibson
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - N J Steers
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - K Boufea
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - P A Louwe
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - C Doherty
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - V González-Huici
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - R Gentek
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, INSERM, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - M Magalhaes-Pinto
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - T Shaw
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Infection, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Bajénoff
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université UM2, INSERM, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - C Bénézech
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - S R Walmsley
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - D H Dockrell
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - P T K Saunders
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - N N Batada
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - S J Jenkins
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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16
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Zerra PE, Arthur CM, Chonat S, Maier CL, Mener A, Shin S, Allen JWL, Baldwin WH, Cox C, Verkerke H, Jajosky RP, Tormey CA, Meeks SL, Stowell SR. Fc Gamma Receptors and Complement Component 3 Facilitate Anti-fVIII Antibody Formation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:905. [PMID: 32582142 PMCID: PMC7295897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-factor VIII (fVIII) alloantibodies, which can develop in patients with hemophilia A, limit the therapeutic options and increase morbidity and mortality of these patients. However, the factors that influence anti-fVIII antibody development remain incompletely understood. Recent studies suggest that Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) may facilitate recognition and uptake of fVIII by recently developed or pre-existing naturally occurring anti-fVIII antibodies, providing a mechanism whereby the immune system may recognize fVIII following infusion. However, the role of FcγRs in anti-fVIII antibody formation remains unknown. In order to define the influence of FcγRs on the development of anti-fVIII antibodies, fVIII was injected into WT or FcγR knockout recipients, followed by evaluation of anti-fVIII antibodies. Anti-fVIII antibodies were readily observed following fVIII injection into FcγR knockouts, with similar anti-fVIII antibody levels occurring in FcγR knockouts as detected in WT mice injected in parallel. As antibodies can also fix complement, providing a potential mechanism whereby anti-fVIII antibodies may influence anti-fVIII antibody formation independent of FcγRs, fVIII was also injected into complement component 3 (C3) knockout recipients in parallel. Similar to FcγR knockouts, C3 knockout recipients developed a robust response to fVIII, which was likewise similar to that observed in WT recipients. As FcγRs or C3 may compensate for each other in recipients only deficient in FcγRs or C3 alone, we generated mice deficient in both FcγRs and C3 to test for potential antibody effector redundancy in anti-fVIII antibody formation. Infusion of fVIII into FcγRs and C3 (FcγR × C3) double knockouts likewise induced anti-fVIII antibodies. However, unlike individual knockouts, anti-fVIII antibodies in FcγRs × C3 knockouts were initially lower than WT recipients, although anti-fVIII antibodies increased to WT levels following additional fVIII exposure. In contrast, infusion of RBCs expressing distinct alloantigens into FcγRs, C3 or FcγR × C3 knockout recipients either failed to change anti-RBC levels when compared to WT recipients or actually increased antibody responses, depending on the target antigen. Taken together, these results suggest FcγRs and C3 can differentially impact antibody formation following exposure to distinct alloantigens and that FcγRs and C3 work in concert to facilitate early anti-fVIII antibody formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Zerra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Connie M Arthur
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Satheesh Chonat
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Cheryl L Maier
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Amanda Mener
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sooncheon Shin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jerry William L Allen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - W Hunter Baldwin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Courtney Cox
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hans Verkerke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ryan P Jajosky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christopher A Tormey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Conneciticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shannon L Meeks
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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17
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Pirgova G, Chauveau A, MacLean AJ, Cyster JG, Arnon TI. Marginal zone SIGN-R1 + macrophages are essential for the maturation of germinal center B cells in the spleen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:12295-12305. [PMID: 32424104 PMCID: PMC7275705 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921673117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate germinal center (GC) B cell responses in the spleen are not fully understood. Here we use a combination of pharmacologic and genetic approaches to delete SIGN-R1+ marginal zone (MZ) macrophages and reveal their specific contribution to the regulation of humoral immunity in the spleen. We find that while SIGN-R1+ macrophages were not essential for initial activation of B cells, they were required for maturation of the response and development of GC B cells. These defects could be corrected when follicular helper T (Tfh) cells were induced before macrophage ablation or when Tfh responses were enhanced. Moreover, we show that in the absence of SIGN-R1+ macrophages, DCIR2+ dendritic cells (DCs), which play a key role in priming Tfh responses, were unable to cluster to the interfollicular regions of the spleen and were instead displaced to the MZ. Restoring SIGN-R1+ macrophages to the spleen corrected positioning of DCIR2+ DCs and rescued the GC B cell response. Our study reveals a previously unappreciated role for SIGN-R1+ macrophages in regulation of the GC reaction and highlights the functional specification of macrophage subsets in the MZ compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pirgova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7FY Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Chauveau
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7FY Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J MacLean
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7FY Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jason G Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Tal I Arnon
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7FY Oxford, United Kingdom;
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18
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, He Y, Sun Z, Cai W, Lv Y, Jiang L, Li Q, Zhu S, Li W, Ye C, Wu B, Xue Y, Chen H, Cai H, Chen T. Murine SIGNR1 (CD209b) Contributes to the Clearance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli During Urinary Tract Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 9:457. [PMID: 31998663 PMCID: PMC6965063 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, is a major causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, the molecular mechanisms of how UPEC causes infections have not been determined. Recent studies indicated that certain enteric Gram-negative bacteria interact with and hijack innate immune receptors DC-SIGN (CD209a) and SIGNR1 (CD209b), often expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as macrophages, leading to dissemination and infection. It was not known whether UPEC could utilize DC-SIGN receptors to promote its infection and dissemination similarly to the enteric pathogens. The results of this study reveal that UPEC interacts with CD209-expressing macrophages and transfectants. This interaction is inhibited by anti-CD209 antibody, indicating that CD209s are receptors for UPEC. Additionally, in contrast to the results of previous studies, mice lacking SIGNR1 are more susceptible to infection of this uropathogen, leading to prolonged bacterial persistence. Overall, the results of our study indicate that the innate immune receptor CD209s participate in the clearance of UPEC during UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingxia He
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wentong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yin Lv
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyu Jiang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sizhe Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjin Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenglin Ye
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bicong Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huahua Cai
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tie Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Arthur CM, Chonat S, Fasano R, Yee MEM, Josephson CD, Roback JD, Stowell SR. Examining the Role of Complement in Predicting, Preventing, and Treating Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions. Transfus Med Rev 2019; 33:217-224. [PMID: 31679762 PMCID: PMC7147990 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a critical component of optimal management for a broad range of conditions. Regardless of the indication, pretransfusion testing is required to appropriately match RBC donors and recipients to provide immunologically compatible blood. Although this approach is effective in the vast majority of situations, occasionally, patients will inadvertently receive an incompatible RBC transfusion, which can result in a hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR). In addition, patients with life-threatening anemia and a complex alloantibody profile, which precludes rapid procurement of compatible RBCs, may also receive incompatible RBCs, placing them at risk for an HTR. Despite the rarity of these clinical situations, when incompatible blood transfusion results in an HTR, the consequences can be devastating. In this review, we will explore the challenges associated with actively preventing and treating acute HTRs following incompatible RBC transfusion. In doing so, we will focus primarily on the role of complement, not only as a key player in HTRs, but also as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of HTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie M Arthur
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Satheesh Chonat
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ross Fasano
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Marianne E M Yee
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Cassandra D Josephson
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - John D Roback
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
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20
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Dominant role of splenic marginal zone lipid rafts in the classical complement pathway against S. pneumoniae. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:133. [PMID: 31531231 PMCID: PMC6733876 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts (LRs) play crucial roles in complex physiological processes, modulating innate and acquired immune responses to pathogens. The transmembrane C-type lectins human dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) and its mouse homolog SIGN-R1 are distributed in LRs and expressed on splenic marginal zone (MZ) macrophages. The DC-SIGN-C1q or SIGN-R1-C1q complex could mediate the immunoglobulin (Ig)-independent classical complement pathway against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Precise roles of LRs during this complement pathway are unknown. Here we show that LRs are indispensable for accelerating the DC-SIGN- or SIGN-R1-mediated classical complement pathway against S. pneumoniae, thus facilitating rapid clearance of the pathogen. The trimolecular complex of SIGN-R1-C1q-C4 was exclusively enriched in LRs of splenic MZ macrophages and their localization was essential for activating C3 catabolism and enhancing pneumococcal clearance, which were abolished in SIGN-R1-knockout mice. However, DC-SIGN replacement on splenic MZ macrophage’s LRs of SIGN-R1-depleted mice reversed these defects. Disruption of LRs dramatically reduced pneumococcal uptake and decomposition. Additionally, DC- SIGN, C1q, C4, and C3 were obviously distributed in splenic LRs of cadavers. Therefore, LRs on splenic SIGN-R1+ or DC-SIGN+ macrophages could provide spatially confined and optimal bidirectional platforms, not only for usual intracellular events, for example recognition and phagocytosis of pathogens, but also an unusual extracellular event such as the complement system. These findings improve our understanding of the orchestrated roles of the spleen, unraveling a new innate immune system initiated from splenic MZ LRs, and yielding answers to several long-standing problems, including the need to understand the profound role of LRs in innate immunity, the need to identify how such a small portion of splenic SIGN-R1+ macrophages (<0.05% of splenic macrophages) effectively resist S. pneumoniae, and the need to understand how LRs can promote the protective function of DC-SIGN against S. pneumoniae in the human spleen.
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Wang Y, Miao Y, Gong K, Cheng X, Chen Y, Zhao MH. Plasma Complement Protein C3a Level Was Associated with Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Patients on Hemodialysis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2019; 12:496-505. [DOI: 10.1007/s12265-019-09885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Yang K, He Y, Park CG, Kang YS, Zhang P, Han Y, Cui Y, Bulgheresi S, Anisimov AP, Dentovskaya SV, Ying X, Jiang L, Ding H, Njiri OA, Zhang S, Zheng G, Xia L, Kan B, Wang X, Jing H, Yan M, Li W, Wang Y, Xiamu X, Chen G, Ma D, Bartra SS, Plano GV, Klena JD, Yang R, Skurnik M, Chen T. Yersinia pestis Interacts With SIGNR1 (CD209b) for Promoting Host Dissemination and Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:96. [PMID: 30915064 PMCID: PMC6422942 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia pestis, a Gram-negative bacterium and the etiologic agent of plague, has evolved from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a cause of a mild enteric disease. However, the molecular and biological mechanisms of how Y. pseudotuberculosis evolved to such a remarkably virulent pathogen, Y. pestis, are not clear. The ability to initiate a rapid bacterial dissemination is a characteristic hallmark of Y. pestis infection. A distinguishing characteristic between the two Yersinia species is that Y. pseudotuberculosis strains possess an O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) while Y. pestis has lost the O-antigen during evolution and therefore exposes its core LPS. In this study, we showed that Y. pestis utilizes its core LPS to interact with SIGNR1 (CD209b), a C-type lectin receptor on antigen presenting cells (APCs), leading to bacterial dissemination to lymph nodes, spleen and liver, and the initiation of a systemic infection. We therefore propose that the loss of O-antigen represents a critical step in the evolution of Y. pseudotuberculosis into Y. pestis in terms of hijacking APCs, promoting bacterial dissemination and causing the plague.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yingxia He
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Sun Kang
- Laboratory of Immunology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yanping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Silvia Bulgheresi
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrey P Anisimov
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Russia
| | | | - Xiaoling Ying
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyu Jiang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Honghui Ding
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Olivia Adhiambo Njiri
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, Chuka University, Chuka, Kenya
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lianxu Xia
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Kan
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huaiqi Jing
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Meiying Yan
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiding Xiamu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sara Schesser Bartra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Gregory V Plano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - John D Klena
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Mikael Skurnik
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tie Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
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23
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Ramos-Sevillano E, Ercoli G, Brown JS. Mechanisms of Naturally Acquired Immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Front Immunol 2019; 10:358. [PMID: 30881363 PMCID: PMC6405633 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we give an update on the mechanisms of naturally acquired immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the major human bacterial pathogens that is a common cause of pneumonia, septicaemia, and meningitis. A clear understanding of the natural mechanisms of immunity to S. pneumoniae is necessary to help define why the very young and elderly are at high risk of disease, and for devising new prevention strategies. Recent data has shown that nasopharynx colonization by S. pneumoniae induces antibody responses to protein and capsular antigens in both mice and humans, and also induces Th17 CD4+ cellular immune responses in mice and increases pre-existing responses in humans. These responses are protective, demonstrating that colonization is an immunizing event. We discuss the data from animal models and humans on the relative importance of naturally acquired antibody and Th17 cells on immunity to S. pneumoniae at three different anatomical sites of infection, the nasopharynx (the site of natural asymptomatic carriage), the lung (site of pneumonia), and the blood (site of sepsis). Mouse data suggest that CD4+ Th17 cells prevent both primary and secondary nasopharyngeal carriage with no role for antibody induced by previous colonization. In contrast, antibody is necessary for prevention of sepsis but CD4+ cellular responses are not. Protection against pneumonia requires a combination of both antibody and Th17 cells, in both cases targeting protein rather than capsular antigen. Proof of which immune component prevents human infection is less easily available, but two recent papers demonstrate that human IgG targeting S. pneumoniae protein antigens is highly protective against septicaemia. The role of CD4+ responses to prior nasopharyngeal colonization for protective immunity in humans is unclear. The evidence that there is significant naturally-acquired immunity to S. pneumoniae independent of anti-capsular polysaccharide has clinical implications for the detection of subjects at risk of S. pneumoniae infections, and the data showing the importance of protein antigens as targets for antibody and Th17 mediated immunity should aid the development of new vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeremy S. Brown
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, London, United Kingdom
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24
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A-Gonzalez N, Castrillo A. Origin and specialization of splenic macrophages. Cell Immunol 2018; 330:151-158. [PMID: 29779612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage heterogeneity in the spleen has been long documented, with four subsets populating the different splenic compartments. The diverse environments on the splenic compartments determine their varied phenotype and functions. In the white pulp, highly phagocytic macrophages contribute to the generation of the immune response. The marginal zone contains two populations of macrophages, which also contribute to the immune response. Their strategic position in the bloodstream and their unique phenotype confer them a crucial role in the defense against blood borne pathogens, placing them at the crossroad between innate and adaptive immune responses. Macrophages in the red pulp are classically linked to homeostatic and metabolic functions in erythrocyte phagocytosis and iron recycling. We review here recent advances demonstrating the importance of macrophage ontogeny and organ development in determining the phenotype, transcriptional profile and, ultimately, the functions of the populations of splenic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia A-Gonzalez
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas y Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (IIBM CSIC-UAM), IIBM Madrid, Spain; Unidad De Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), IIBM- Universidad Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, ULPGC, Grupo de Investigación en medio ambiente y Salud (GIMAS), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomedicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS, ULPGC), Spain
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25
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Schetters STT, Kruijssen LJW, Crommentuijn MHW, Kalay H, Ochando J, den Haan JMM, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, van Kooyk Y. Mouse DC-SIGN/CD209a as Target for Antigen Delivery and Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:990. [PMID: 29867967 PMCID: PMC5949514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of vaccination studies aimed at targeting antigens to human DC-SIGN (hDC-SIGN) have been notoriously difficult to study in vivo, as eight dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) homologs have been described in mice. CD209a/SIGNR5 has been coined as the mouse DC-SIGN (mDC-SIGN) ortholog, based on its expression and location in the genome. Nonetheless, which properties of hDC-SIGN are covered by mDC-SIGN is poorly investigated. One of the most important functions of DC-SIGN is the induction of adaptive immunity. As such, the aim of this study is to determine the capability of mDC-SIGN to induce adaptive immune responses. Here, we show that mDC-SIGN is expressed on GM-CSF cultured bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and macrophages. However, mDC-SIGN is an internalizing receptor which, unlike hDC-SIGN, quickly resurfaces after internalization. Binding of OVA-coupled anti-mDC-SIGN antibody by BMDCs leads to quick internalization, processing, and presentation to antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, which can be boosted using the TLR4 ligand, monophosphoryl lipid A. In the homeostatic condition, mDC-SIGN is mostly expressed on myeloid cells in the skin and spleen. A subcutaneous injection of fluorescent anti-mDC-SIGN reveals specific targeting to mDC-SIGN+ skin dendritic cells (DCs) and monocyte-derived DCs in situ. A subcutaneous vaccination strategy containing OVA-coupled anti-mDC-SIGN antibody generated antigen-specific polyfunctional CD8+ T cell and CD4+ T cell responses and a strong isotype-switched OVA-specific antibody response in vivo. We conclude that mDC-SIGN shows partly overlapping similarities to hDC-SIGN and that targeting mDC-SIGN provides a valuable approach to investigate the immunological function of DC-SIGN in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd T T Schetters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura J W Kruijssen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matheus H W Crommentuijn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joke M M den Haan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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26
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Kim SY, Son M, Lee SE, Park IH, Kwak MS, Han M, Lee HS, Kim ES, Kim JY, Lee JE, Choi JE, Diamond B, Shin JS. High-Mobility Group Box 1-Induced Complement Activation Causes Sterile Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:705. [PMID: 29696019 PMCID: PMC5904255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a well-known danger-associated molecular pattern molecule, acts as a pro-inflammatory molecule when secreted by activated immune cells or released after necrotic cell damage. HMGB1 binds to immunogenic bacterial components and augments septic inflammation. In this study, we show how HMGB1 mediates complement activation, promoting sterile inflammation. We show that HMGB1 activates the classical pathway of complement system in an antibody-independent manner after binding to C1q. The C3a complement activation product in human plasma and C5b-9 membrane attack complexes on cell membrane surface are detected after the addition of HMGB1. In an acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity model, APAP injection reduced HMGB1 levels and elevated C3 levels in C1q-deficient mouse serum samples, compared to that in wild-type (WT) mice. APAP-induced C3 consumption was inhibited by sRAGE treatment in WT mice. Moreover, in a mouse model of brain ischemia–reperfusion injury based on middle cerebral arterial occlusion, C5b-9 complexes were deposited on vessels where HMGB1 was accumulated, an effect that was suppressed upon HMGB1 neutralization. We propose that the HMGB1 released after cell necrosis and in ischemic condition can trigger the classical pathway of complement activation to exacerbate sterile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myoungsun Son
- The Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Ho Park
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Man Sup Kwak
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeonggil Han
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Sook Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Betty Diamond
- The Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Matsuoka Y, Kawauchi Y, Kuroda Y, Kawauchi K, Kojima N. In vitro uptake of oligomannose-coated liposomes leads to differentiation of inflammatory monocytes into mature antigen-presenting cells that can activate T cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 57:102-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Bermejo-Jambrina M, Eder J, Helgers LC, Hertoghs N, Nijmeijer BM, Stunnenberg M, Geijtenbeek TBH. C-Type Lectin Receptors in Antiviral Immunity and Viral Escape. Front Immunol 2018; 9:590. [PMID: 29632536 PMCID: PMC5879224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are important pattern recognition receptors involved in recognition and induction of adaptive immunity to pathogens. Certain CLRs play an important role in viral infections as they efficiently interact with viruses. However, it has become clear that deadly viruses subvert the function of CLRs to escape antiviral immunity and promote infection. In particular, viruses target CLRs to suppress or modulate type I interferons that play a central role in the innate and adaptive defense against viruses. In this review, we discuss the function of CLRs in binding to enveloped viruses like HIV-1 and Dengue virus, and how uptake and signaling cascades have decisive effects on the outcome of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bermejo-Jambrina
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Eder
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leanne C Helgers
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nina Hertoghs
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bernadien M Nijmeijer
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melissa Stunnenberg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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29
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Complement and Immunoglobulin Biology Leading to Clinical Translation. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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30
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Medaglia C, Giladi A, Stoler-Barak L, De Giovanni M, Salame TM, Biram A, David E, Li H, Iannacone M, Shulman Z, Amit I. Spatial reconstruction of immune niches by combining photoactivatable reporters and scRNA-seq. Science 2017; 358:1622-1626. [PMID: 29217582 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao4277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellular functions are strongly dependent on surrounding cells and environmental factors. Current technologies are limited in their ability to characterize the spatial location and gene programs of cells in poorly structured and dynamic niches. We developed a method, NICHE-seq, that combines photoactivatable fluorescent reporters, two-photon microscopy, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to infer the cellular and molecular composition of niches. We applied NICHE-seq to examine the high-order assembly of immune cell networks. NICHE-seq is highly reproducible in spatial tissue reconstruction, enabling identification of rare niche-specific immune subpopulations and gene programs, including natural killer cells within infected B cell follicles and distinct myeloid states in the spleen and tumor. This study establishes NICHE-seq as a broadly applicable method for elucidating high-order spatial organization of cell types and their molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Medaglia
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amir Giladi
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liat Stoler-Barak
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Marco De Giovanni
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases and Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Tomer Meir Salame
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Department of Biological Services, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Biram
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal David
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hanjie Li
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases and Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan 20132, Italy.
| | - Ziv Shulman
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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31
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Colliou N, Ge Y, Sahay B, Gong M, Zadeh M, Owen JL, Neu J, Farmerie WG, Alonzo F, Liu K, Jones DP, Li S, Mohamadzadeh M. Commensal Propionibacterium strain UF1 mitigates intestinal inflammation via Th17 cell regulation. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:3970-3986. [PMID: 28945202 PMCID: PMC5663347 DOI: 10.1172/jci95376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of human breast milk (HBM) attenuates the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which remains a leading and intractable cause of mortality in preterm infants. Here, we report that this diminution correlates with alterations in the gut microbiota, particularly enrichment of Propionibacterium species. Transfaunation of microbiota from HBM-fed preterm infants or a newly identified and cultured Propionibacterium strain, P. UF1, to germfree mice conferred protection against pathogen infection and correlated with profound increases in intestinal Th17 cells. The induction of Th17 cells was dependent on bacterial dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (DlaT), a major protein expressed on the P. UF1 surface layer (S-layer). Binding of P. UF1 to its cognate receptor, SIGNR1, on dendritic cells resulted in the regulation of intestinal phagocytes. Importantly, transfer of P. UF1 profoundly mitigated induced NEC-like injury in neonatal mice. Together, these results mechanistically elucidate the protective effects of HBM and P. UF1-induced immunoregulation, which safeguard against proinflammatory diseases, including NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Colliou
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine
| | - Yong Ge
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine
| | - Bikash Sahay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
| | - Minghao Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine
| | - Mojgan Zadeh
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Josef Neu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - William G. Farmerie
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Francis Alonzo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Ken Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shuzhao Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine
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32
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Ryu SH, Na HY, Sohn M, Choi W, In H, Shin HS, Choi JH, Park CG. Competent antigen-presenting cells are generated from the long-term culture of splenocytes with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Immunol Lett 2017; 188:96-107. [PMID: 28673654 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are routinely produced from the culture of mouse bone marrow (BM) with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) within a period of 10days. Although splenic extramedullary myelopoiesis was suggested to occur under the influence of GM-CSF, the hematopoietic outcome of splenic culture with GM-CSF has not been scrutinized. We have cultured mouse splenocytes with GM-CSF for an extended period of time, where we discovered that the CD11b⁺CD11c⁺ cells began to proliferate prominently after 10days and their number increased until the 4th week of the culture. In parallel experiments, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and its ligand, FLT3L, were not found to influence the culture of splenocytes. Like DCs in the culture of BM with GM-CSF, a distinct population of CD11b⁺CD11c⁺MHC IIhi cells was readily identified as DCs in the long-term culture of splenocytes. After being isolated and plated overnight the CD11b⁺CD11c⁺MHC IIhi cells exhibited non-adherent dendritic morphology, while the other CD11b⁺CD11c⁺ cells became adherent. Besides, these CD11b⁺CD11c⁺MHC IIhi cells possessed relatively weak endocytic and phagocytic abilities but displayed strong antigen-presenting capacities, revealing DC-like characteristics; in contrast, the other CD11b⁺CD11c⁺ cells showed strong endocytosis and phagocytosis of antigens but were poor at antigen presentation, indicating macrophage-like traits. Therefore, we demonstrated that phenotypically as well as functionally genuine DCs are generated in the long-term culture of splenocytes with GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Hye Ryu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Na
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Moah Sohn
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanho Choi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju In
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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McCulloch L, Smith CJ, McColl BW. Adrenergic-mediated loss of splenic marginal zone B cells contributes to infection susceptibility after stroke. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15051. [PMID: 28422126 PMCID: PMC5399306 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection is a major complication of acute stroke and causes increased mortality and morbidity; however, current interventions do not prevent infection and improve clinical outcome in stroke patients. The mechanisms that underlie susceptibility to infection in these patients are unclear. Splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells are innate-like lymphocytes that provide early defence against bacterial infection. Here we show experimental stroke in mice induces a marked loss of MZ B cells, deficiencies in capturing blood-borne antigen and suppression of circulating IgM. These deficits are accompanied by spontaneous bacterial lung infection. IgM levels are similarly suppressed in stroke patients. β-adrenergic receptor antagonism after experimental stroke prevents loss of splenic MZ B cells, preserves IgM levels, and reduces bacterial burden. These findings suggest that adrenergic-mediated loss of MZ B cells contributes to the infection-prone state after stroke and identify systemic B-cell disruption as a target for therapeutic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura McCulloch
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Craig J. Smith
- Stroke and Vascular Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M6 8HD, UK
- Greater Manchester Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Department of Medical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Barry W. McColl
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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Andre GO, Converso TR, Politano WR, Ferraz LFC, Ribeiro ML, Leite LCC, Darrieux M. Role of Streptococcus pneumoniae Proteins in Evasion of Complement-Mediated Immunity. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:224. [PMID: 28265264 PMCID: PMC5316553 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system plays a central role in immune defense against Streptococcus pneumoniae. In order to evade complement attack, pneumococci have evolved a number of mechanisms that limit complement mediated opsonization and subsequent phagocytosis. This review focuses on the strategies employed by pneumococci to circumvent complement mediated immunity, both in vitro and in vivo. At last, since many of the proteins involved in interactions with complement components are vaccine candidates in different stages of validation, we explore the use of these antigens alone or in combination, as potential vaccine approaches that aim at elimination or drastic reduction in the ability of this bacterium to evade complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greiciely O Andre
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade São Francisco Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Thiago R Converso
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto ButantanSão Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walter R Politano
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade São Francisco Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Lucio F C Ferraz
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade São Francisco Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Universidade São Francisco Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Darrieux
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular de Microrganismos, Universidade São Francisco Bragança Paulista, Brazil
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Pednekar L, Pandit H, Paudyal B, Kaur A, Al-Mozaini MA, Kouser L, Ghebrehiwet B, Mitchell DA, Madan T, Kishore U. Complement Protein C1q Interacts with DC-SIGN via Its Globular Domain and Thus May Interfere with HIV-1 Transmission. Front Immunol 2016; 7:600. [PMID: 28066413 PMCID: PMC5177617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells capable of priming naïve T-cells. Its C-type lectin receptor, DC-SIGN, regulates a wide range of immune functions. Along with its role in HIV-1 pathogenesis through complement opsonization of the virus, DC-SIGN has recently emerged as an adaptor for complement protein C1q on the surface of immature DCs via a trimeric complex involving gC1qR, a receptor for the globular domain of C1q. Here, we have examined the nature of interaction between C1q and DC-SIGN in terms of domain localization, and implications of C1q–DC-SIGN-gC1qR complex formation on HIV-1 transmission. We first expressed and purified recombinant extracellular domains of DC-SIGN and its homologue DC-SIGNR as tetramers comprising of the entire extra cellular domain including the α-helical neck region and monomers comprising of the carbohydrate recognition domain only. Direct binding studies revealed that both DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR were able to bind independently to the recombinant globular head modules ghA, ghB, and ghC, with ghB being the preferential binder. C1q appeared to interact with DC-SIGN or DC-SIGNR in a manner similar to IgG. Mutational analysis using single amino acid substitutions within the globular head modules showed that TyrB175 and LysB136 were critical for the C1q–DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR interaction. Competitive studies revealed that gC1qR and ghB shared overlapping binding sites on DC-SIGN, implying that HIV-1 transmission by DCs could be modulated due to the interplay of gC1qR-C1q with DC-SIGN. Since C1q, gC1qR, and DC-SIGN can individually bind HIV-1, we examined how C1q and gC1qR modulated HIV-1–DC-SIGN interaction in an infection assay. Here, we report, for the first time, that C1q suppressed DC-SIGN-mediated transfer of HIV-1 to activated pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells, although the globular head modules did not. The protective effect of C1q was negated by the addition of gC1qR. In fact, gC1qR enhanced DC-SIGN-mediated HIV-1 transfer, suggesting its role in HIV-1 pathogenesis. Our results highlight the consequences of multiple innate immune pattern recognition molecules forming a complex that can modify their functions in a way, which may be advantageous for the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Pednekar
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , Uxbridge , UK
| | - Hrishikesh Pandit
- Department of Innate Immunity, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR) , Mumbai , India
| | - Basudev Paudyal
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , Uxbridge , UK
| | - Anuvinder Kaur
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , Uxbridge , UK
| | - Maha Ahmed Al-Mozaini
- Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Lubna Kouser
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , Uxbridge , UK
| | - Berhane Ghebrehiwet
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York , Stony Brook, NY , USA
| | - Daniel A Mitchell
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick , Coventry , UK
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR) , Mumbai , India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London , Uxbridge , UK
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Heesters BA, van der Poel CE, Das A, Carroll MC. Antigen Presentation to B Cells. Trends Immunol 2016; 37:844-854. [PMID: 27793570 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Unlike T cells that recognize digested peptides, B cells recognize their cognate antigen in its native form. The B cell receptor used in recognition can also be secreted to bind to antigens and initiate multiple effector functions such as phagocytosis, complement activation, or neutralization of receptors. While B cells can interact with soluble antigens, it is now clear that the presentation of membrane-bound antigen plays a crucial role in B cell activation, and in particular during affinity-maturation, the process during which high-affinity B cells are selected. In this review we discuss how native antigen is presented to B cells and its impact at several stages of B cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balthasar A Heesters
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Current address: Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Cees E van der Poel
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abhishek Das
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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37
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Cruz-Adalia A, Veiga E. Close Encounters of Lymphoid Cells and Bacteria. Front Immunol 2016; 7:405. [PMID: 27774092 PMCID: PMC5053978 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During infections, the first reaction of the host against microbial pathogens is carried out by innate immune cells, which recognize conserved structures on pathogens, called pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Afterward, some of these innate cells can phagocytose and destroy the pathogens, secreting cytokines that would modulate the immune response to the challenge. This rapid response is normally followed by the adaptive immunity, more specific and essential for a complete pathogen clearance in many cases. Some innate immune cells, usually named antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells, are able to process internalized invaders and present their antigens to lymphocytes, triggering the adaptive immune response. Nevertheless, the traditional boundary of separated roles between innate and adaptive immunity has been blurred by several studies, showing that very specialized populations of lymphocytes (cells of the adaptive immunity) behave similarly to cells of the innate immunity. These “innate-like” lymphocytes include γδ T cells, invariant NKT cells, B-1 cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, marginal zone B cells, and innate response activator cells, and together with the newly described innate lymphoid cells are able to rapidly respond to bacterial infections. Strikingly, our recent data suggest that conventional CD4+ T cells, the paradigm of cells of the adaptive immunity, also present innate-like behavior, capturing bacteria in a process called transinfection. Transinfected CD4+ T cells digest internalized bacteria like professional phagocytes and secrete large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines, protecting for further bacterial challenges. In the present review, we will focus on the data showing such innate-like behavior of lymphocytes following bacteria encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranzazu Cruz-Adalia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones, Científicas (CNB-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Esteban Veiga
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones, Científicas (CNB-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain
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Prion pathogenesis is unaltered following down-regulation of SIGN-R1. Virology 2016; 497:337-345. [PMID: 27522473 PMCID: PMC5031137 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are infectious neurodegenerative disorders characterised by accumulations of abnormal prion glycoprotein in affected tissues. Following peripheral exposure, many prion strains replicate upon follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in lymphoid tissues before infecting the brain. An intact splenic marginal zone is important for the efficient delivery of prions to FDC. The marginal zone contains a ring of specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin related 1 (SIGN-R1)-expressing macrophages. This lectin binds dextran and capsular pneumococcal polysaccharides, and also enhances the clearance of apoptotic cells via interactions with complement components. Since prions are acquired as complement-opsonized complexes we determined the role of SIGN-R1 in disease pathogenesis. We show that transient down-regulation of SIGN-R1 prior to intravenous prion exposure had no effect on the early accumulation of prions upon splenic FDC or their subsequent spread to the brain. Thus, SIGN-R1 expression by marginal zone macrophages is not rate-limiting for peripheral prion disease pathogenesis.
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39
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McGaha TL, Karlsson MCI. Apoptotic cell responses in the splenic marginal zone: a paradigm for immunologic reactions to apoptotic antigens with implications for autoimmunity. Immunol Rev 2016; 269:26-43. [PMID: 26683143 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells drive innate regulatory responses that result in tolerogenic immunity. This is a critical aspect of cell physiology as apoptotic cells expose potentially dangerous nuclear antigens on the surface in apoptotic blebs, and failure in their recognition, phagocytosis, or destruction can cause dramatic autoimmunity in experimental models and is linked to development and progression of systemic pathology in human. The marginal zone is a specialized splenic environment that serves as a transitional site from circulation to peripheral lymphoid structures. The marginal zone serves a key role in trapping of particulates and initiation of innate responses against systemic microbial pathogens. However in recent years, it has become clear the marginal zone is also important for initiation of immune tolerance to apoptotic cells, driving a coordinated response involving multiple phagocyte and lymphocyte subsets. Recent reports linking defects in splenic macrophage function to systemic lupus erythematosus in a manner analogous to marginal zone macrophages in lupus-prone mice provide an impetus to better understand the mechanistic basis of the apoptotic cell response in the marginal zone and its general applicability to apoptotic cell-driven tolerance at other tissue sites. In this review, we discuss immune responses to apoptotic cells in the spleen in general and the marginal zone in particular, the relationship of these responses to autoimmune disease, and comparisons to apoptotic cell immunity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L McGaha
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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Heesters BA, Carroll MC. The Role of Dendritic Cells in S. pneumoniae Transport to Follicular Dendritic Cells. Cell Rep 2016; 16:3130-3137. [PMID: 27653679 PMCID: PMC5790206 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Affinity-mature B cells require cognate antigen, retained by follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), for clonal selection within germinal centers. Studies on how FDCs in lymphoid tissues acquire antigen have relied primarily on model protein antigens. To examine delivery of intact bacteria to FDCs, we used inactivated Streptococcus pneumonia (SP). We found that both medullary macrophages and a subset of SIGN-R1-positive dendritic cells (DCs) in the lymph node capture SP from the draining afferent lymphatics. The presence of DCs is required for initial complement activation, opsonization of the bacteria, and efficient transport of SP to FDCs. Moreover, we observed a major role for transport of bacteria to FDCs by naive B cells via a CD21-dependent pathway. We propose a mechanism by which efficient transport of SP to FDCs is dependent on DCs for initial binding and activation of complement and either direct transport to FDCs or transfer to naive B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balthasar A Heesters
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Michael C Carroll
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Chorny A, Casas-Recasens S, Sintes J, Shan M, Polentarutti N, García-Escudero R, Walland AC, Yeiser JR, Cassis L, Carrillo J, Puga I, Cunha C, Bastos H, Rodrigues F, Lacerda JF, Morais A, Dieguez-Gonzalez R, Heeger PS, Salvatori G, Carvalho A, Garcia-Sastre A, Blander JM, Mantovani A, Garlanda C, Cerutti A. The soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 links humoral innate and adaptive immune responses by helping marginal zone B cells. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2167-85. [PMID: 27621420 PMCID: PMC5030794 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerutti and collaborators show that the humoral arms of the innate and adaptive immune systems are functionally interconnected by pentraxin 3, a soluble pattern recognition receptor that couples innate immune recognition with antibody-inducing function. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a fluid-phase pattern recognition receptor of the humoral innate immune system with ancestral antibody-like properties but unknown antibody-inducing function. In this study, we found binding of PTX3 to splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells, an innate-like subset of antibody-producing lymphocytes strategically positioned at the interface between the circulation and the adaptive immune system. PTX3 was released by a subset of neutrophils that surrounded the splenic MZ and expressed an immune activation–related gene signature distinct from that of circulating neutrophils. Binding of PTX3 promoted homeostatic production of IgM and class-switched IgG antibodies to microbial capsular polysaccharides, which decreased in PTX3-deficient mice and humans. In addition, PTX3 increased IgM and IgG production after infection with blood-borne encapsulated bacteria or immunization with bacterial carbohydrates. This immunogenic effect stemmed from the activation of MZ B cells through a neutrophil-regulated pathway that elicited class switching and plasmablast expansion via a combination of T cell–independent and T cell–dependent signals. Thus, PTX3 may bridge the humoral arms of the innate and adaptive immune systems by serving as an endogenous adjuvant for MZ B cells. This property could be harnessed to develop more effective vaccines against encapsulated pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejo Chorny
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Sandra Casas-Recasens
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Jordi Sintes
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meimei Shan
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Nadia Polentarutti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Ramón García-Escudero
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales, y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Cooper Walland
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - John R Yeiser
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Linda Cassis
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Puga
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Hélder Bastos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - João F Lacerda
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal Hospital de Santa Maria, 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Morais
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rebeca Dieguez-Gonzalez
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Peter S Heeger
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | | | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - J Magarian Blander
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerutti
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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LECT2 drives haematopoietic stem cell expansion and mobilization via regulating the macrophages and osteolineage cells. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12719. [PMID: 27596364 PMCID: PMC5025878 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can differentiate into cells of all lineages in the blood. However, the mechanisms by which cytokines in the blood affect HSC homeostasis remain largely unknown. Here we show that leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), a multifunctional cytokine, induces HSC expansion and mobilization. Recombinant LECT2 administration results in HSC expansion in the bone marrow and mobilization to the blood via CD209a. The effect of LECT2 on HSCs is reduced after specific depletion of macrophages or reduction of osteolineage cells. LECT2 treatment reduces the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) expression in macrophages and osteolineage cells. In TNF knockout mice, the effect of LECT2 on HSCs is reduced. Moreover, LECT2 induces HSC mobilization in irradiated mice, while granulocyte colony-stimulating factor does not. Our results illustrate that LECT2 is an extramedullar cytokine that contributes to HSC homeostasis and may be useful to induce HSC mobilization.
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Boks MA, Gunput STG, Kosten I, Gibbs S, van Vliet SJ, Ligtenberg AJM, van Kooyk Y. The Human Glycoprotein Salivary Agglutinin Inhibits the Interaction of DC-SIGN and Langerin with Oral Micro-Organisms. J Innate Immun 2016; 8:350-61. [PMID: 27082983 DOI: 10.1159/000443016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary agglutinin (SAG), also known as gp340 or SALSA, is a glycoprotein encoded by the Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumours 1 gene and is abundantly present in human saliva. SAG aggregates bacteria and viruses, thereby promoting their clearance from the oral cavity. The mucosa lining the oral cavity contains dendritic cells (DC) and Langerhans cells (LC), which express the C-type lectin receptors (CLR) DC-SIGN and Langerin, respectively. Both DC-SIGN and Langerin recognise mannose and fucose carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-glycoproteins to regulate immunity and homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether SAG interacts with these CLR and whether this interferes with the binding to oral pathogens. We show that whole parotid saliva and SAG, when coated to microplates, strongly interact with DC-SIGN and Langerin, probably via mannose and fucose structures. Also, primary human DC and LC bind parotid saliva and SAG via DC-SIGN and Langerin, respectively. Furthermore, SAG binding to DC-SIGN or Langerin prevented binding to the micro-organisms Candida albicans and Escherichia coli which express mannose and fucose-containing glycan structures. Thus, binding of saliva glycoprotein SAG to DC-SIGN and Langerin may inhibit pathogen-DC/LC interactions, and could prove to be a new immunomodulatory mechanism of SAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine A Boks
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Loh SH, Park JY, Cho EH, Nah SY, Kang YS. Animal lectins: potential receptors for ginseng polysaccharides. J Ginseng Res 2015; 41:1-9. [PMID: 28123316 PMCID: PMC5223067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax ginseng Meyer, belonging to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae, is known for its human immune system-related effects, such as immune-boosting effects. Ginseng polysaccharides (GPs) are the responsible ingredient of ginseng in immunomodulation, and are classified as acidic and neutral GPs. Although GPs participate in various immune reactions including the stimulation of immune cells and production of cytokines, the precise function of GPs together with its potential receptor(s) and their signal transduction pathways have remained largely unknown. Animal lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar moieties. Among many different biological functions in vivo, animal lectins especially play important roles in the immune system by recognizing carbohydrates that are found exclusively on pathogens or that are inaccessible on host cells. This review summarizes the immunological activities of GPs and the diverse roles of animal lectins in the immune system, suggesting the possibility of animal lectins as the potential receptor candidates of GPs and giving insights into the development of GPs as therapeutic biomaterials for many immunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hee Loh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Yeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Nah
- Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Sun Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Silva-Martín N, Bartual SG, Ramírez-Aportela E, Chacón P, Park CG, Hermoso JA. Structural basis for selective recognition of endogenous and microbial polysaccharides by macrophage receptor SIGN-R1. Structure 2015; 22:1595-606. [PMID: 25450767 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
SIGN-R1 is a principal receptor for microbial polysaccharides uptake and is responsible for C3 fixation via an unusual complement activation pathway on splenic marginal zone macrophages. In these macrophages, SIGN-R1 is also involved in anti-inflammatory activity of intravenous immunoglobulin by direct interaction with sialylated Fcs. The high-resolution crystal structures of SIGN-R1 carbohydrate recognition domain and its complexes with dextran sulfate or sialic acid, and of the sialylated Fc antibody provide insights into SIGN-R1’s selective recognition of a-2,6-sialylated glycoproteins. Unexpectedly, an additional binding site has been found in the SIGNR1 carbohydrate recognition domain, structurally separate from the calcium-dependent carbohydrate-binding site. This secondary binding site could bind repetitive molecular patterns, as observed in microbial polysaccharides, in a calcium-independent manner. These two binding sites may allow SIGNR1 to simultaneously bind both immune glycoproteins and microbial polysaccharide components, accommodating SIGN-R1’s ability to relate the recognition of microbes to the activation of the classical complement pathway.
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46
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Immune ageing and susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Biogerontology 2015; 17:449-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Bacterial Infections Following Splenectomy for Malignant and Nonmalignant Hematologic Diseases. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2015; 7:e2015057. [PMID: 26543526 PMCID: PMC4621170 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2015.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Splenectomy, while often necessary in otherwise healthy patients after major trauma, finds its primary indication for patients with underlying malignant or nonmalignant hematologic diseases. Indications of splenectomy for hematologic diseases have been reducing in the last few years, due to improved diagnostic and therapeutic tools. In high-income countries, there is a clear decrease over calendar time in the incidence of all indication splenectomy except nonmalignant hematologic diseases. However, splenectomy, even if with different modalities including laparoscopic splenectomy and partial splenectomy, continue to be a current surgical practice both in nonmalignant hematologic diseases, such as Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA), Congenital Hemolytic Anemia such as Spherocytosis, Sickle Cell Anemia and Thalassemia and Malignant Hematological Disease, such as lymphoma. Today millions of people in the world are splenectomized. Splenectomy, independently of its cause, induces an early and late increase in the incidence of venous thromboembolism and infections. Infections remain the most dangerous complication of splenectomy. After splenectomy, the levels of antibody are preserved but there is a loss of memory B cells against pneumococcus and tetanus, and the loss of marginal zone monocytes deputed to immunological defense from capsulated bacteria. Commonly, the infections strictly correlated to the absence of the spleen or a decreased or absent splenic function are due to encapsulated bacteria that are the most virulent pathogens in this set of patients. Vaccination with polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines again Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis should be performed before the splenectomy. This practice reduces but does not eliminate the occurrence of overwhelming infections due to capsulated bacteria. At present, most of infections found in splenectomized patients are due to Gram-negative (G-) bacteria. The underlying disease is the most important factor in determining the frequency and severity of infections. So, splenectomy for malignant diseases has the major risk of infections.
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Yang K, Park CG, Cheong C, Bulgheresi S, Zhang S, Zhang P, He Y, Jiang L, Huang H, Ding H, Wu Y, Wang S, Zhang L, Li A, Xia L, Bartra SS, Plano GV, Skurnik M, Klena JD, Chen T. Host Langerin (CD207) is a receptor for Yersinia pestis phagocytosis and promotes dissemination. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:815-24. [PMID: 25829141 PMCID: PMC4612776 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia pestis is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes plague. After Y. pestis overcomes the skin barrier, it encounters antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as Langerhans and dendritic cells. They transport the bacteria from the skin to the lymph nodes. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in bacterial transmission are unclear. Langerhans cells (LCs) express Langerin (CD207), a calcium-dependent (C-type) lectin. Furthermore, Y. pestis possesses exposed core oligosaccharides. In this study, we show that Y. pestis invades LCs and Langerin-expressing transfectants. However, when the bacterial core oligosaccharides are shielded or truncated, Y. pestis propensity to invade Langerhans and Langerin-expressing cells decreases. Moreover, the interaction of Y. pestis with Langerin-expressing transfectants is inhibited by purified Langerin, a DC-SIGN (DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3 grabbing nonintegrin)-like molecule, an anti-CD207 antibody, purified core oligosaccharides and several oligosaccharides. Furthermore, covering core oligosaccharides reduces the mortality associated with murine infection by adversely affecting the transmission of Y. pestis to lymph nodes. These results demonstrate that direct interaction of core oligosaccharides with Langerin facilitates the invasion of LCs by Y. pestis. Therefore, Langerin-mediated binding of Y. pestis to APCs may promote its dissemination and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Chae G Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cheolho Cheong
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM)MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Silvia Bulgheresi
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Illinois at ChicagoRockfordILUSA
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Illinois at ChicagoRockfordILUSA
| | - Yingxia He
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Lingyu Jiang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hongping Huang
- The Center for Experimental Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Honghui Ding
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Anyi Li
- The Animal Experimental Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Lianxu Xia
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina
| | - Sara S Bartra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Gregory V Plano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Mikael Skurnik
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - John D Klena
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tie Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina
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Borges da Silva H, Fonseca R, Pereira RM, Cassado ADA, Álvarez JM, D'Império Lima MR. Splenic Macrophage Subsets and Their Function during Blood-Borne Infections. Front Immunol 2015; 6:480. [PMID: 26441984 PMCID: PMC4585205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spleen is one of the major immunological sites for maintaining blood homeostasis. Previous studies showed that heterogeneous splenic macrophage populations contribute in complimentary ways to control blood-borne infections and induce effective immune responses. Marginal metallophilic macrophages (MMMΦs) and marginal zone macrophages (MZMΦs) are cells with great ability to internalize blood-borne pathogens such as virus or bacteria. Their localization adjacent to T- and B-cell-rich splenic areas favors the rapid contact between these macrophages and cells from adaptive immunity. Indeed, MMMΦs and MZMΦs are considered important bridges between innate and adaptive immunity. Although red pulp macrophages (RpMΦs) are mainly considered scavengers for senescent erythrocytes, several data indicate a role for RpMΦs in control of infections such as blood-stage malaria as well as in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we review current data on how different macrophage subsets recognize and help eliminate blood-borne pathogens, and, in turn, how the inflammatory microenvironment in different phases of infection (acute, chronic, and after pathogen clearance) influences macrophage function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Borges da Silva
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Raíssa Fonseca
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rosana Moreira Pereira
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - José Maria Álvarez
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
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50
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Park JY, Loh S, Cho EH, Choi HJ, Na TY, Nemeno JGE, Lee JI, Yoon TJ, Choi IS, Lee M, Lee JS, Kang YS. SIGN-R1 and complement factors are involved in the systemic clearance of radiation-induced apoptotic cells in whole-body irradiated mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1064-70. [PMID: 26079881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although SIGN-R1-mediated complement activation pathway has been shown to enhance the systemic clearance of apoptotic cells, the role of SIGN-R1 in the clearance of radiation-induced apoptotic cells has not been characterized and was investigated in this study. Our data indicated that whole-body γ-irradiation of mice increased caspase-3(+) apoptotic lymphocyte numbers in secondary lymphoid organs. Following γ-irradiation, SIGN-R1 and complements (C4 and C3) were simultaneously increased only in the mice spleen tissue among the assessed tissues. In particular, C3 was exclusively activated in the spleen. The delayed clearance of apoptotic cells was markedly prevalent in the spleen and liver of SIGN-R1 KO mice, followed by a significant increase of CD11b(+) cells. These results indicate that SIGN-R1 and complement factors play an important role in the systemic clearance of radiation-induced apoptotic innate immune cells to maintain tissue homeostasis after γ-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - SoHee Loh
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-hee Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jwa Choi
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, 75 Nowon gil Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Na
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-741, Republic of Korea
| | - Judee Grace E Nemeno
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ik Lee
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Joon Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yuhan College, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 422-749, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 215-4, 75 Nowon gil Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 400-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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