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Ma H, Xu L, Wu S, Wang S, Li J, Ai S, Yang Z, Mo R, Lin L, Li Y, Wang S, Gao J, Li C, Kong D. Supragel-mediated efficient generation of pancreatic progenitor clusters and functional glucose-responsive islet-like clusters. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:1-14. [PMID: 39101030 PMCID: PMC11292262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Although several synthetic hydrogels with defined stiffness have been developed to facilitate the proliferation and maintenance of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), the influence of biochemical cues in lineage-specific differentiation and functional cluster formation has been rarely reported. Here, we present the application of Supragel, a supramolecular hydrogel formed by synthesized biotinylated peptides, for islet-like cluster differentiation. We observed that Supragel, with a peptide concentration of 5 mg/mL promoted spontaneous hPSCs formation into uniform clusters, which is mainly attributable to a supporting stiffness of ∼1.5 kPa as provided by the Supragel matrix. Supragel was also found to interact with the hPSCs and facilitate endodermal and subsequent insulin-secreting cell differentiation, partially through its components: the sequences of RGD and YIGSR that interacts with cell membrane molecules of integrin receptor. Compared to Matrigel and suspension culturing conditions, more efficient differentiation of the hPSCs was also observed at the stages 3 and 4, as well as the final stage toward generation of insulin-secreting cells. This could be explained by 1) suitable average size of the hPSCs clusters cultured on Supragel; 2) appropriate level of cell adhesive sites provided by Supragel during differentiation. It is worth noting that the Supragel culture system was more tolerance in terms of the initial seeding densities and less demanding, since a standard static cell culture condition was sufficient for the entire differentiation process. Our observations demonstrate a positive role of Supragel for hPSCs differentiation into islet-like cells, with additional potential in facilitating germ layer differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Songdi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Sifan Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rigen Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Xu Rongxiang Regeneration Life Science Center, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
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2
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Zhang H, Wei Y, Wang Y, Liang J, Hou Y, Nie X, Hou J. Emerging Diabetes Therapies: Regenerating Pancreatic β Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 39276101 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2024.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is steadily increasing annually, with 537 million diabetic patients as of 2021. Restoring diminished β cell mass or impaired islet function is crucial in treating DM, particularly type 1 DM. However, the regenerative capacity of islet β cells, which primarily produce insulin, is severely limited, and natural regeneration is only observed in young rodents or children. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop advanced therapeutic approaches that can regenerate endogenous β cells or replace them with stem cell (SC)-derived or engineered β-like cells. Current strategies for treating insulin-dependent DM mainly include promoting the self-replication of endogenous β cells, inducing SC differentiation, reprogramming non-β cells into β-like cells, and generating pancreatic-like organoids through cell-based intervention. In this Review, we discuss the current state of the art in these approaches, describe associated challenges, propose potential solutions, and highlight ongoing efforts to optimize β cell or islet transplantation and related clinical trials. These effective cell-based therapies will generate a sustainable source of functional β cells for transplantation and lay strong foundations for future curative treatments for DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yaxin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jialin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yifan Hou
- Kaifeng 155 Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co. Ltd., Kaifeng, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial Research Center for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Prostate Diseases, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial Research Center for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Prostate Diseases, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junqing Hou
- Kaifeng 155 Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co. Ltd., Kaifeng, China
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3
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Liu P, Ponnienselvan K, Nyalile T, Oikemus S, Joynt AT, Iyer S, Kelly K, Guo D, Kyawe PP, Vanderleeden E, Redick SD, Huang L, Chen Z, Lee JM, Schiffer CA, Harlan DM, Wang JP, Emerson CP, Lawson ND, Watts JK, Sontheimer EJ, Luban J, Wolfe SA. Increasing intracellular dNTP levels improves prime editing efficiency. Nat Biotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41587-024-02405-x. [PMID: 39322763 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-024-02405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
In primary cell types, intracellular deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) levels are tightly regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. We report that prime editing efficiency is increased by mutations that improve the enzymatic properties of Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase and treatments that increase intracellular dNTP levels. In combination, these modifications produce substantial increases in precise editing rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Ponnienselvan
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Nyalile
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Oikemus
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Anya T Joynt
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sukanya Iyer
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Karen Kelly
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dongsheng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Wellstone Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Pyae P Kyawe
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Emma Vanderleeden
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sambra D Redick
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Zexiang Chen
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Celia A Schiffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - David M Harlan
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer P Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Charles P Emerson
- Department of Neurology, Wellstone Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Nathan D Lawson
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan K Watts
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Erik J Sontheimer
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jeremy Luban
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Scot A Wolfe
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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4
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Wang S, Du Y, Zhang B, Meng G, Liu Z, Liew SY, Liang R, Zhang Z, Cai X, Wu S, Gao W, Zhuang D, Zou J, Huang H, Wang M, Wang X, Wang X, Liang T, Liu T, Gu J, Liu N, Wei Y, Ding X, Pu Y, Zhan Y, Luo Y, Sun P, Xie S, Yang J, Weng Y, Zhou C, Wang Z, Wang S, Deng H, Shen Z. Transplantation of chemically induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets under abdominal anterior rectus sheath in a type 1 diabetes patient. Cell 2024:S0092-8674(24)01022-5. [PMID: 39326417 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
We report the 1-year results from one patient as the preliminary analysis of a first-in-human phase I clinical trial (ChiCTR2300072200) assessing the feasibility of autologous transplantation of chemically induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets (CiPSC islets) beneath the abdominal anterior rectus sheath for type 1 diabetes treatment. The patient achieved sustained insulin independence starting 75 days post-transplantation. The patient's time-in-target glycemic range increased from a baseline value of 43.18% to 96.21% by month 4 post-transplantation, accompanied by a decrease in glycated hemoglobin, an indicator of long-term systemic glucose levels at a non-diabetic level. Thereafter, the patient presented a state of stable glycemic control, with time-in-target glycemic range at >98% and glycated hemoglobin at around 5%. At 1 year, the clinical data met all study endpoints with no indication of transplant-related abnormalities. Promising results from this patient suggest that further clinical studies assessing CiPSC-islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Gaofan Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Soon Yi Liew
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiangheng Cai
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | | | - Wei Gao
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | | | - Jiaqi Zou
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | | | - Xuelian Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tengli Liu
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jiabin Gu
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Liu
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yanling Wei
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejie Ding
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yue Pu
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixiang Zhan
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shuangshuang Xie
- Radiology Department, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jiuxia Yang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yiqi Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhenglu Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burn, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongkui Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; China Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Transplant Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China.
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5
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Puspita L, Juwono VB, Shim JW. Advances in human pluripotent stem cell reporter systems. iScience 2024; 27:110856. [PMID: 39290832 PMCID: PMC11407076 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The capability of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to self-renew and differentiate into any cell type has greatly contributed to the advancement of biomedicine. Reporter lines derived from hPSCs have played a crucial role in elucidating the mechanisms underlying human development and diseases by acting as an alternative reporter system that cannot be used in living humans. To bring hPSCs closer to clinical application in transplantation, scientists have generated reporter lines for isolating the desired cell populations, as well as improving graft quality and treatment outcomes. This review presents an overview of the applications of hPSC reporter lines and the important variables in designing a reporter system, including options for gene delivery and editing tools, design of reporter constructs, and selection of reporter genes. It also provides insights into the prospects of hPSC reporter lines and the challenges that must be overcome to maximize the potential of hPSC reporter lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesly Puspita
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Virginia Blessy Juwono
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Shim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
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6
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Negueruela J, Vandenbempt V, Talamantes S, Ribeiro-Costa F, Nunes M, Dias A, Bansal M, Gurzov EN. Protocol for CRISPR-Cas12a genome editing of protein tyrosine phosphatases in human pluripotent stem cells and functional β-like cell generation. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:103297. [PMID: 39243376 PMCID: PMC11409021 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene editing of human pluripotent stem cells is a promising approach for developing targeted gene therapies for metabolic diseases. Here, we present a protocol for generating a CRISPR-Cas12a gene knockout of protein tyrosine phosphatases in human embryonic stem cells. We describe steps for differentiating the edited clones into pancreatic islet-like spheroids rich in β-like cells. We then detail procedures for implanting these spheroids under the murine kidney capsule for in vivo maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Negueruela
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium.
| | - Valerie Vandenbempt
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Talamantes
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium
| | - Francisco Ribeiro-Costa
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium
| | - Mariana Nunes
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium
| | - André Dias
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium
| | - Mayank Bansal
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium.
| | - Esteban N Gurzov
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, Anderlecht, 1070 Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium.
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7
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Gwon K, Dharmesh E, Nguyen KM, Schornack AMR, de Hoyos-Vega JM, Ceylan H, Stybayeva G, Peterson QP, Revzin A. Designing magnetic microcapsules for cultivation and differentiation of stem cell spheroids. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:127. [PMID: 39261472 PMCID: PMC11390961 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) represent an excellent cell source for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. However, there remains a need for robust and scalable differentiation of stem cells into functional adult tissues. In this paper, we sought to address this challenge by developing magnetic microcapsules carrying hPSC spheroids. A co-axial flow-focusing microfluidic device was employed to encapsulate stem cells in core-shell microcapsules that also contained iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). These microcapsules exhibited excellent response to an external magnetic field and could be held at a specific location. As a demonstration of utility, magnetic microcapsules were used for differentiating hPSC spheroids as suspension cultures in a stirred bioreactor. Compared to standard suspension cultures, magnetic microcapsules allowed for more efficient media change and produced improved differentiation outcomes. In the future, magnetic microcapsules may enable better and more scalable differentiation of hPSCs into adult cell types and may offer benefits for cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihak Gwon
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ether Dharmesh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kianna M Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Jose M de Hoyos-Vega
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hakan Ceylan
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Quinn P Peterson
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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8
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Jang D, Matthews K, Deng P, Berryman SG, Nian C, Duffy SP, Lynn FC, Ma H. Single cell glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay using nanowell-in-microwell plates. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:4232-4241. [PMID: 39212929 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00413b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to elevated levels of glucose. Stem cell derived β (SCβ) cells aim to replicate this glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) function, but current preparations cannot provide the same level of insulin as natural β cells. Here, we develop an assay to measure GSIS at the single cell level to investigate the functional heterogeneity of SCβ cells and donor-derived islet cells. Our assay involves randomly depositing single cells and insulin capture microbeads in open-top nanowells (40 × 40 × 55 μm3) fabricated on glass-bottom imaging microwell plates. Insulin secreted from single cells is captured on microbeads and then stained using a detection antibody. The nanowell microstructure limits diffusion of secreted insulin. The glass substrate provides an optically flat surface for quantitative microscopy to measure the concentration of secreted insulin. We used this approach to measure GSIS from SCβ cells and donor-derived islet cells after 15 minutes exposure to 3.3 mM and 16.7 mM glucose. Both cell types exhibited significant GSIS heterogeneity, where elite cells (<20%) produced the majority of the secreted insulin (55-78%). This assay provides an immediate readout of single cell glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a flexible well plate-based format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deasung Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kerryn Matthews
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pan Deng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Samuel G Berryman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cuilan Nian
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute CFKF Diabetes Research Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Francis C Lynn
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute CFKF Diabetes Research Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hongshen Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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9
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Arroyave F, Uscátegui Y, Lizcano F. From iPSCs to Pancreatic β Cells: Unveiling Molecular Pathways and Enhancements with Vitamin C and Retinoic Acid in Diabetes Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9654. [PMID: 39273600 PMCID: PMC11395045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic and non-transmissible disease, triggers a wide range of micro- and macrovascular complications. The differentiation of pancreatic β-like cells (PβLCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offers a promising avenue for regenerative medicine aimed at treating diabetes. Current differentiation protocols strive to emulate pancreatic embryonic development by utilizing cytokines and small molecules at specific doses to activate and inhibit distinct molecular signaling pathways, directing the differentiation of iPSCs into pancreatic β cells. Despite significant progress and improved protocols, the full spectrum of molecular signaling pathways governing pancreatic development and the physiological characteristics of the differentiated cells are not yet fully understood. Here, we report a specific combination of cofactors and small molecules that successfully differentiate iPSCs into PβLCs. Our protocol has shown to be effective, with the resulting cells exhibiting key functional properties of pancreatic β cells, including the expression of crucial molecular markers (pdx1, nkx6.1, ngn3) and the capability to secrete insulin in response to glucose. Furthermore, the addition of vitamin C and retinoic acid in the final stages of differentiation led to the overexpression of specific β cell genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Arroyave
- Center of Biomedical Investigation (CIBUS), Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250008, Colombia
- Doctoral Program in Biociencias, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250008, Colombia
| | - Yomaira Uscátegui
- Center of Biomedical Investigation (CIBUS), Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250008, Colombia
| | - Fernando Lizcano
- Center of Biomedical Investigation (CIBUS), Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250008, Colombia
- Doctoral Program in Biociencias, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250008, Colombia
- School of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 250008, Colombia
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10
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Berger C, Glaser M, Ziegler AL, Neukel V, Walz F, Zdzieblo D. Generation of a pancreas derived hydrogel for the culture of hiPSC derived pancreatic endocrine cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20653. [PMID: 39232042 PMCID: PMC11375036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived β-cells (SC-BCs) represent a potential source for curing diabetes. To date, in vitro generated SC-BCs display an immature phenotype and lack important features in comparison to their bona-fide counterparts. Transplantation into a living animal promotes SC-BCs maturation, indicating that components of the in vivo microenvironment trigger final SC-BCs development. Here, we investigated whether cues of the pancreas specific extracellular matrix (ECM) can improve the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) towards β-cells in vitro. To this aim, a pancreas specific ECM (PanMa) hydrogel was generated from decellularized porcine pancreas and its effect on the differentiation of hiPSC-derived pancreatic hormone expressing cells (HECs) was tested. The hydrogel solidified upon neutralization at 37 °C with gelation kinetics similar to Matrigel. Cytocompatibility of the PanMa hydrogel was demonstrated for a culture duration of 21 days. Encapsulation and culture of HECs in the PanMa hydrogel over 7 days resulted in a stable gene and protein expression of most β-cell markers, but did not improve β-cell identity. In conclusion, the study describes the production of a PanMa hydrogel, which provides the basis for the development of ECM hydrogels that are more adapted to the demands of SC-BCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Berger
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Glaser
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Ziegler
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Neukel
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabiola Walz
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Zdzieblo
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Project Center for Stem Cell Process Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Würzburg, Germany
- Translational Center Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research, Würzburg, Germany
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11
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Grattoni A, Korbutt G, Tomei AA, García AJ, Pepper AR, Stabler C, Brehm M, Papas K, Citro A, Shirwan H, Millman JR, Melero-Martin J, Graham M, Sefton M, Ma M, Kenyon N, Veiseh O, Desai TA, Nostro MC, Marinac M, Sykes M, Russ HA, Odorico J, Tang Q, Ricordi C, Latres E, Mamrak NE, Giraldo J, Poznansky MC, de Vos P. Harnessing cellular therapeutics for type 1 diabetes mellitus: progress, challenges, and the road ahead. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01029-0. [PMID: 39227741 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a growing global health concern that affects approximately 8.5 million individuals worldwide. T1DM is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to a disruption in glucose homeostasis. Therapeutic intervention for T1DM requires a complex regimen of glycaemic monitoring and the administration of exogenous insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. Advances in continuous glucose monitoring and algorithm-driven insulin delivery devices have improved the quality of life of patients. Despite this, mimicking islet function and complex physiological feedback remains challenging. Pancreatic islet transplantation represents a potential functional cure for T1DM but is hindered by donor scarcity, variability in harvested cells, aggressive immunosuppressive regimens and suboptimal clinical outcomes. Current research is directed towards generating alternative cell sources, improving transplantation methods, and enhancing cell survival without chronic immunosuppression. This Review maps the progress in cell replacement therapies for T1DM and outlines the remaining challenges and future directions. We explore the state-of-the-art strategies for generating replenishable β cells, cell delivery technologies and local targeted immune modulation. Finally, we highlight relevant animal models and the regulatory aspects for advancing these technologies towards clinical deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grattoni
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Gregory Korbutt
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alice A Tomei
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew R Pepper
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cherie Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Klearchos Papas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Antonio Citro
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Juan Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melanie Graham
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Michael Sefton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Norma Kenyon
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omid Veiseh
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Brown University, School of Engineering, Providence, RI, USA
| | - M Cristina Nostro
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Megan Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jon Odorico
- UW Health Transplant Center, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, US
- Gladstone Institute of Genomic Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Esther Latres
- Research Department, Breakthrough T1D, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jaime Giraldo
- Research Department, Breakthrough T1D, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mark C Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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12
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Lee J, Yoon K. Islet transplantation in Korea. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:1165-1170. [PMID: 39105663 PMCID: PMC11363101 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by absolute insulin deficiency, which requires life-long insulin replacement. Exogenous multiple-daily insulin injections are most commonly prescribed for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, exogenous insulin supply often fails to cope with real-time changing life-log variables, such as activity, diet and stress, which results in recurrent hypo- and hyperglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Islet transplantation is an ideal method to treat patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, as it can restore the endogenous capacity of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, due to donor scarcity and technical barriers, only a limited number of islet transplantations have been carried out in Asia, including South Korea. Since 2013, our center has carried out two allogenic islet transplantations, with one case leading to near total insulin independence after one-to-one islet transplantation. Although the other patient failed to restore endogenous insulin production, there was a remarkable improvement in hypoglycemia. We speculate that islet transplantation remains an important and ideal treatment option for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who suffer from recurrent severe hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonyub Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St Mary's HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Kun‐Ho Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St Mary's HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
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13
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Lee Y, Lee K. Pancreatic Diseases: Genetics and Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:253-269. [PMID: 38664226 PMCID: PMC11361847 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc24036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreas serves endocrine and exocrine functions in the body; thus, their pathology can cause a broad range of irreparable consequences. Endocrine functions include the production of hormones such as insulin and glucagon, while exocrine functions involve the secretion of digestive enzymes. Disruption of these functions can lead to conditions like diabetes mellitus and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Also, the symptoms and causality of pancreatic cancer very greatly depends on their origin: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most fatal cancer; however, most of tumor derived from endocrine part of pancreas are benign. Pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreatic tissues, is caused by excessive alcohol consumption, the bile duct obstruction by gallstones, and the premature activation of digestive enzymes in the pancreas. Hereditary pancreatic diseases, such as maturity-onset diabetes of the young and hereditary pancreatitis, can be a candidate for disease modeling using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), due to their strong genetic influence. hPSC-derived pancreatic differentiation has been established for cell replacement therapy for diabetic patients and is robustly used for disease modeling. The disease modeling platform that allows interactions between immune cells and pancreatic cells is necessary to perform in-depth investigation of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kihyun Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Zanfrini E, Bandral M, Jarc L, Ramirez-Torres MA, Pezzolla D, Kufrin V, Rodriguez-Aznar E, Avila AKM, Cohrs C, Speier S, Neumann K, Gavalas A. Generation and application of novel hES cell reporter lines for the differentiation and maturation of hPS cell-derived islet-like clusters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19863. [PMID: 39191834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The significant advances in the differentiation of human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells into pancreatic endocrine cells, including functional β-cells, have been based on a detailed understanding of the underlying developmental mechanisms. However, the final differentiation steps, leading from endocrine progenitors to mono-hormonal and mature pancreatic endocrine cells, remain to be fully understood and this is reflected in the remaining shortcomings of the hPS cell-derived islet cells (SC-islet cells), which include a lack of β-cell maturation and variability among different cell lines. Additional signals and modifications of the final differentiation steps will have to be assessed in a combinatorial manner to address the remaining issues and appropriate reporter lines would be useful in this undertaking. Here we report the generation and functional validation of hPS cell reporter lines that can monitor the generation of INS+ and GCG+ cells and their resolution into mono-hormonal cells (INSeGFP, INSeGFP/GCGmCHERRY) as well as β-cell maturation (INSeGFP/MAFAmCHERRY) and function (INSGCaMP6). The reporter hPS cell lines maintained strong and widespread expression of pluripotency markers and differentiated efficiently into definitive endoderm and pancreatic progenitor (PP) cells. PP cells from all lines differentiated efficiently into islet cell clusters that robustly expressed the corresponding reporters and contained glucose-responsive, insulin-producing cells. To demonstrate the applicability of these hPS cell reporter lines in a high-content live imaging approach for the identification of optimal differentiation conditions, we adapted our differentiation procedure to generate SC-islet clusters in microwells. This allowed the live confocal imaging of multiple SC-islets for a single condition and, using this approach, we found that the use of the N21 supplement in the last stage of the differentiation increased the number of monohormonal β-cells without affecting the number of α-cells in the SC-islets. The hPS cell reporter lines and the high-content live imaging approach described here will enable the efficient assessment of multiple conditions for the optimal differentiation and maturation of SC-islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Zanfrini
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Manuj Bandral
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Luka Jarc
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria Alejandra Ramirez-Torres
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Pezzolla
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vida Kufrin
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva Rodriguez-Aznar
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ana Karen Mojica Avila
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Cohrs
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Neumann
- Stem Cell Engineering Facility (SCEF), CRTD, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anthony Gavalas
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
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15
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Maestas MM, Bui MH, Millman JR. Recent progress in modeling and treating diabetes using stem cell-derived islets. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae059. [PMID: 39159002 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) offer the potential to be an unlimited source of cells for disease modeling and the treatment of diabetes. SC-islets can be genetically modified, treated with chemical compounds, or differentiated from patient derived stem cells to model diabetes. These models provide insights into disease pathogenesis and vulnerabilities that may be targeted to provide treatment. SC-islets themselves are also being investigated as a cell therapy for diabetes. However, the transplantation process is imperfect; side effects from immunosuppressant use have reduced SC-islet therapeutic potential. Alternative methods to this include encapsulation, use of immunomodulating molecules, and genetic modification of SC-islets. This review covers recent advances using SC-islets to understand different diabetes pathologies and as a cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlie M Maestas
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Maggie H Bui
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Millman
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
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16
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Atewologun FA, Okesanya OJ, Okon II, Kayode HH, Ukoaka BM, Olaleke NO, Ogaya JB, Okikiola LA, Manirambona E, Lucero-Prisno Iii DE. Examining the potentials of stem cell therapy in reducing the burden of selected non-communicable diseases in Africa. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:253. [PMID: 39135088 PMCID: PMC11321202 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy (SCT) is a promising solution for addressing health challenges in Africa, particularly non-communicable diseases (NCDs). With their regenerative potential, stem cells have the inherent capacity to differentiate into numerous cell types for tissue repair. Despite infrastructural, ethical, and legal challenges, SCT holds immense promise for managing chronic illnesses and deep-seated tissue injuries. The rising prevalence of NCDs in Africa highlights the need for innovative strategies and treatment options. SCT offers hope in combating conditions like burns, osteoarthritis, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, heart failure and cancer, potentially reducing the burden of NCDs on the continent. Despite SCT's opportunities in Africa, there are significant obstacles. However, published research on SCT in Africa is scarce, but recent initiatives such as the Basic School on Neural Stem Cells (NSC) express interest in developing NSC research in Africa. SCT research in African regions, notably on neurogenesis, demonstrates a concentration on studying neurological processes in indigenous settings. While progress has been made in South Africa and Nigeria, issues such as brain drain and impediments to innovation remain. Clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of stem cell treatments, emphasising both potential benefits and limitations in implementing these therapies efficiently. Financing research, developing regulatory frameworks, and resolving affordability concerns are critical steps toward realizing the potential of stem cell treatment in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inibehe Ime Okon
- Department of Research, Medical Research Circle (MedReC), Democratic Republic of the Congo, Postal Code 50 Goma, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo.
| | - Hassan Hakeem Kayode
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
| | | | - Noah Olabode Olaleke
- Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Jerico Bautista Ogaya
- Department of Medical Technology, Far Eastern University, Manila, Philippines
- Center for University Research, University of Makati, Makati City, Philippines
| | - Lawal Azeez Okikiola
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, USA
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
| | - Emery Manirambona
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno Iii
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Research and Innovation Office, Southern Leyte State University, Sogod, Southern Leyte, Philippines
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17
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Yu D, Luo L, Wang H, Shyh-Chang N. Pregnancy-induced metabolic reprogramming and regenerative responses to pro-aging stresses. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00192-9. [PMID: 39122601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy is associated with physiological adaptations that affect virtually all organs, enabling the mother to support the growing fetus and placenta while withstanding the demands of pregnancy. As a result, mammalian pregnancy is a unique state that exerts paradoxical effects on maternal health. On one hand, the metabolic stress induced by pregnancy can accelerate aging and functional decline in organs. On the other hand, pregnancy activates metabolic programming and tissue regenerative responses that can reverse age-related impairments. In this sense, the oocyte-to-blastocyst transition is not the only physiological reprogramming event in the mammalian body, as pregnancy-induced regeneration could constitute a second physiological reprogramming event. Here, we review findings on how pregnancy dualistically leads to aging and rejuvenation in the maternal body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dainan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lanfang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; School of Biological Engineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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18
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Rutter GA, Gresch A, Delgadillo Silva L, Benninger RKP. Exploring pancreatic beta-cell subgroups and their connectivity. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01097-6. [PMID: 39117960 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01097-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Functional pancreatic islet beta cells are essential to ensure glucose homeostasis across species from zebrafish to humans. These cells show significant heterogeneity, and emerging studies have revealed that connectivity across a hierarchical network is required for normal insulin release. Here, we discuss current thinking and areas of debate around intra-islet connectivity, cellular hierarchies and potential "controlling" beta-cell populations. We focus on methodologies, including comparisons of different cell preparations as well as in vitro and in vivo approaches to imaging and controlling the activity of human and rodent islet preparations. We also discuss the analytical approaches that can be applied to live-cell data to identify and study critical subgroups of cells with a disproportionate role in control Ca2+ dynamics and thus insulin secretion (such as "first responders", "leaders" and "hubs", as defined by Ca2+ responses to glucose stimulation). Possible mechanisms by which this hierarchy is achieved, its physiological relevance and how its loss may contribute to islet failure in diabetes mellitus are also considered. A glossary of terms and links to computational resources are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Rutter
- CHUM Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anne Gresch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Luis Delgadillo Silva
- CHUM Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard K P Benninger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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19
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Robertson CC, Elgamal RM, Henry-Kanarek BA, Arvan P, Chen S, Dhawan S, Eizirik DL, Kaddis JS, Vahedi G, Parker SCJ, Gaulton KJ, Soleimanpour SA. Untangling the genetics of beta cell dysfunction and death in type 1 diabetes. Mol Metab 2024; 86:101973. [PMID: 38914291 PMCID: PMC11283044 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex multi-system disease which arises from both environmental and genetic factors, resulting in the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Over the past two decades, human genetic studies have provided new insight into the etiology of T1D, including an appreciation for the role of beta cells in their own demise. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we outline models supported by human genetic data for the role of beta cell dysfunction and death in T1D. We highlight the importance of strong evidence linking T1D genetic associations to bona fide candidate genes for mechanistic and therapeutic consideration. To guide rigorous interpretation of genetic associations, we describe molecular profiling approaches, genomic resources, and disease models that may be used to construct variant-to-gene links and to investigate candidate genes and their role in T1D. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS We profile advances in understanding the genetic causes of beta cell dysfunction and death at individual T1D risk loci. We discuss how genetic risk prediction models can be used to address disease heterogeneity. Further, we present areas where investment will be critical for the future use of genetics to address open questions in the development of new treatment and prevention strategies for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C Robertson
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ruth M Elgamal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Belle A Henry-Kanarek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shuibing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Genomic Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sangeeta Dhawan
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John S Kaddis
- Department of Diabetes and Cancer Discovery Science, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Golnaz Vahedi
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Scott A Soleimanpour
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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20
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Caspi I, Tremmel DM, Pulecio J, Yang D, Liu D, Yan J, Odorico JS, Huangfu D. Glucose Transporters Are Key Components of the Human Glucostat. Diabetes 2024; 73:1336-1351. [PMID: 38775784 PMCID: PMC11262048 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Mouse models are extensively used in metabolic studies. However, inherent differences between the species, notably their blood glucose levels, hampered data translation into clinical settings. In this study, we confirmed GLUT1 to be the predominantly expressed glucose transporter in both adult and fetal human β-cells. In comparison, GLUT2 is detected in a small yet significant subpopulation of adult β-cells and is expressed to a greater extent in fetal β-cells. Notably, GLUT1/2 expression in INS+ cells from human stem cell-derived islet-like clusters (SC-islets) exhibited a closer resemblance to that observed in fetal islets. Transplantation of primary human islets or SC-islets, but not murine islets, lowered murine blood glucose to the human glycemic range, emphasizing the critical role of β-cells in establishing species-specific glycemia. We further demonstrate the functional requirements of GLUT1 and GLUT2 in glucose uptake and insulin secretion through chemically inhibiting GLUT1 in primary islets and SC-islets and genetically disrupting GLUT2 in SC-islets. Finally, we developed a mathematical model to predict changes in glucose uptake and insulin secretion as a function of GLUT1/2 expression. Collectively, our findings illustrate the crucial roles of GLUTs in human β-cells, and identify them as key components in establishing species-specific glycemic set points. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Caspi
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Daniel M. Tremmel
- Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Julian Pulecio
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Dapeng Yang
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
| | - Dingyu Liu
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jielin Yan
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jon S. Odorico
- Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Danwei Huangfu
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY
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21
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Niu F, Liu W, Ren Y, Tian Y, Shi W, Li M, Li Y, Xiong Y, Qian L. β-cell neogenesis: A rising star to rescue diabetes mellitus. J Adv Res 2024; 62:71-89. [PMID: 37839502 PMCID: PMC11331176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose, is caused by various degrees of insulin resistance and dysfunctional insulin secretion, resulting in hyperglycemia. The loss and failure of functional β-cells are key mechanisms resulting in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM OF REVIEW Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of β-cell failure, and exploring approaches for β-cell neogenesis to reverse β-cell dysfunction may provide novel strategies for DM therapy. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Emerging studies reveal that genetic susceptibility, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, islet inflammation, and protein modification linked to multiple signaling pathways contribute to DM pathogenesis. Over the past few years, replenishing functional β-cell by β-cell neogenesis to restore the number and function of pancreatic β-cells has remarkably exhibited a promising therapeutic approach for DM therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms of β-cell failure in DM, highlight the effective approaches for β-cell neogenesis, as well as discuss the current clinical and preclinical agents research advances of β-cell neogenesis. Insights into the challenges of translating β-cell neogenesis into clinical application for DM treatment are also offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhen Shi
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Medical Research Center, the affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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22
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Jaffredo M, Krentz NA, Champon B, Duff CE, Nawaz S, Beer N, Honore C, Clark A, Rorsman P, Lang J, Gloyn AL, Raoux M, Hastoy B. Electrophysiological Characterization of Inducible Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human β-Like Cells and an SLC30A8 Disease Model. Diabetes 2024; 73:1255-1265. [PMID: 38985991 PMCID: PMC11262041 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived human β-like cells (BLCs) hold promise for both therapy and disease modeling, but their generation remains challenging and their functional analyses beyond transcriptomic and morphological assessments remain limited. Here, we validate an approach using multicellular and single-cell electrophysiological tools to evaluate function of BLCs from pioneer protocols that can be easily adapted to more differentiated BLCs. The multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) measuring the extracellular electrical activity revealed that BLCs, like primary β-cells, are electrically coupled and produce slow potential (SP) signals that are closely linked to insulin secretion. We also used high-resolution single-cell patch clamp measurements to capture the exocytotic properties, and characterize voltage-gated sodium and calcium currents, and found that they were comparable with those in primary β- and EndoC-βH1 cells. The KATP channel conductance is greater than in human primary β-cells, which may account for the limited glucose responsiveness observed with MEA. We used MEAs to study the impact of the type 2 diabetes-protective SLC30A8 allele (p.Lys34Serfs50*) and found that BLCs with this allele have stronger electrical coupling activity. Our data suggest that BLCs can be used to evaluate the functional impact of genetic variants on β-cell function and coupling. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Jaffredo
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Nicole A.J. Krentz
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Benoite Champon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Claire E. Duff
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Sameena Nawaz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- King Abdulaziz University and University of Oxford Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine (KO-CAIPM), University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Nicola Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Anne Clark
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Jochen Lang
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, France
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
- King Abdulaziz University and University of Oxford Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine (KO-CAIPM), University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
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23
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Zhao Y, Veysman B, Antolijao K, Zhao Y, Papagni Y, Wang H, Ross R, Tibbot T, Povrzenic D, Fox R. Increase in the Expression of Glucose Transporter 2 (GLUT2) on the Peripheral Blood Insulin-Producing Cells (PB-IPC) in Type 1 Diabetic Patients after Receiving Stem Cell Educator Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8337. [PMID: 39125908 PMCID: PMC11313087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Multicenter international clinical trials demonstrated the clinical safety and efficacy by using stem cell educator therapy to treat type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other autoimmune diseases. Previous studies characterized the peripheral blood insulin-producing cells (PB-IPC) from healthy donors with high potential to give rise to insulin-producing cells. PB-IPC displayed the molecular marker glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), contributing to the glucose transport and sensing. To improve the clinical efficacy of stem cell educator therapy in the restoration of islet β-cell function, we explored the GLUT2 expression on PB-IPC in recent onset and longstanding T1D patients. In the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved phase 2 clinical studies, patients received one treatment with the stem cell educator therapy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated for flow cytometry analysis of PB-IPC and other immune markers before and after the treatment with stem cell educator therapy. Flow cytometry revealed that both recent onset and longstanding T1D patients displayed very low levels of GLUT2 on PB-IPC. After the treatment with stem cell educator therapy, the percentages of GLUT2+CD45RO+ PB-IPC were markedly increased in these T1D subjects. Notably, we found that T1D patients shared common clinical features with patients with other autoimmune and inflammation-associated diseases, such as displaying low or no expression of GLUT2 on PB-IPC at baseline and exhibiting a high profile of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β. Flow cytometry demonstrated that their GLUT2 expressions on PB-IPC were also markedly upregulated, and the levels of IL-1β-positive cells were significantly downregulated after the treatment with stem cell educator therapy. Stem cell educator therapy could upregulate the GLUT2 expression on PB-IPC and restore their function in T1D patients, leading to the improvement of clinical outcomes. The clinical data advances current understanding about the molecular mechanisms underlying the stem cell educator therapy, which can be expanded to treat patients with other autoimmune and inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhao
- Throne Biotechnologies, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
| | | | | | - Yelu Zhao
- Throne Biotechnologies, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
| | | | | | - Robin Ross
- Throne Biotechnologies, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
| | - Terri Tibbot
- Life Line Stem Cell Tissue, Cord Blood Bank, New Haven, IN 46774, USA
| | | | - Richard Fox
- Throne Biotechnologies, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
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24
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Lietzke AC, Bealer E, Crumley K, King J, Stendahl AM, Zhu J, Pearson GL, Levi-D'Ancona E, Henry-Kanarek B, Reck EC, Arnipalli M, Sidarala V, Walker EM, Pennathur S, Madsen JGS, Shea LD, Soleimanpour SA. Limitations in mitochondrial programming restrain the differentiation and maturation of human stem cell-derived β cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.26.605318. [PMID: 39211191 PMCID: PMC11361182 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.26.605318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell (SC)-derived islets offer hope as a renewable source for β cell replacement for type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet functional and metabolic immaturity may limit their long-term therapeutic potential. Here, we show that limitations in mitochondrial transcriptional programming impede the formation and maturation of SC-derived β (SC-β) cells. Utilizing transcriptomic profiling, assessments of chromatin accessibility, mitochondrial phenotyping, and lipidomics analyses, we observed that SC-β cells exhibit reduced oxidative and mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism compared to primary human islets that are related to limitations in key mitochondrial transcriptional networks. Surprisingly, we found that reductions in glucose- stimulated mitochondrial respiration in SC-islets were not associated with alterations in mitochondrial mass, structure, or genome integrity. In contrast, SC-islets show limited expression of targets of PPARIZ and PPARγ, which regulate mitochondrial programming, yet whose functions in β cell differentiation are unknown. Importantly, treatment with WY14643, a potent PPARIZ agonist, induced expression of mitochondrial targets, improved insulin secretion, and increased the formation and maturation of SC-β cells both in vitro and following transplantation. Thus, mitochondrial programming promotes the differentiation and maturation of SC-β cells and may be a promising target to improve β cell replacement efforts for T1D.
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25
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Chen L, Wang N, Zhang T, Zhang F, Zhang W, Meng H, Chen J, Liao Z, Xu X, Ma Z, Xu T, Liu H. Directed differentiation of pancreatic δ cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6344. [PMID: 39068220 PMCID: PMC11283558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of pancreatic δ cells contributes to the etiology of diabetes. Despite their important role, human δ cells are scarce, limiting physiological studies and drug discovery targeting δ cells. To date, no directed δ-cell differentiation method has been established. Here, we demonstrate that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 7 promotes pancreatic endoderm/progenitor differentiation, whereas FGF2 biases cells towards the pancreatic δ-cell lineage via FGF receptor 1. We develop a differentiation method to generate δ cells from human stem cells by combining FGF2 with FGF7, which synergistically directs pancreatic lineage differentiation and modulates the expression of transcription factors and SST activators during endoderm/endocrine precursor induction. These δ cells display mature RNA profiles and fine secretory granules, secrete somatostatin in response to various stimuli, and suppress insulin secretion from in vitro co-cultured β cells and mouse β cells upon transplantation. The generation of human pancreatic δ cells from stem cells in vitro would provide an unprecedented cell source for drug discovery and cell transplantation studies in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tongran Zhang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Meng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiying Liao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuo Ma
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huisheng Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Abel ED, Gloyn AL, Evans-Molina C, Joseph JJ, Misra S, Pajvani UB, Simcox J, Susztak K, Drucker DJ. Diabetes mellitus-Progress and opportunities in the evolving epidemic. Cell 2024; 187:3789-3820. [PMID: 39059357 PMCID: PMC11299851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes, a complex multisystem metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, leads to complications that reduce quality of life and increase mortality. Diabetes pathophysiology includes dysfunction of beta cells, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from immune-mediated beta cell destruction. The more prevalent type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by varying degrees of beta cell dysfunction in concert with insulin resistance. The strong association between obesity and T2D involves pathways regulated by the central nervous system governing food intake and energy expenditure, integrating inputs from peripheral organs and the environment. The risk of developing diabetes or its complications represents interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, including the availability of nutritious food and other social determinants of health. This perspective reviews recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of diabetes and its complications, which could alter the course of this prevalent disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Genetics, Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joshua J Joseph
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shivani Misra
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, and Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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27
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Zhou Z, Gong M, Pande A, Margineanu A, Lisewski U, Purfürst B, Zhu H, Liang L, Jia S, Froehler S, Zeng C, Kühnen P, Khodaverdi S, Krill W, Röpke T, Chen W, Raile K, Sander M, Izsvák Z. Atypical KCNQ1/Kv7 channel function in a neonatal diabetes patient: Hypersecretion preceded the failure of pancreatic β-cells. iScience 2024; 27:110291. [PMID: 39055936 PMCID: PMC11269803 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
KCNQ1/Kv7, a low-voltage-gated K+ channel, regulates cardiac rhythm and glucose homeostasis. While KCNQ1 mutations are associated with long-QT syndrome and type2 diabetes, its function in human pancreatic cells remains controversial. We identified a homozygous KCNQ1 mutation (R397W) in an individual with permanent neonatal diabetes melitus (PNDM) without cardiovascular symptoms. To decipher the potential mechanism(s), we introduced the mutation into human embryonic stem cells and generated islet-like organoids (SC-islets) using CRISPR-mediated homology-repair. The mutation did not affect pancreatic differentiation, but affected channel function by increasing spike frequency and Ca2+ flux, leading to insulin hypersecretion. With prolonged culturing, the mutant islets decreased their secretion and gradually deteriorated, modeling a diabetic state, which accelerated by high glucose levels. The molecular basis was the downregulated expression of voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and oxidative phosphorylation. Our study provides a better understanding of the role of KCNQ1 in regulating insulin secretion and β-cell survival in hereditary diabetes pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Zhou
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maolian Gong
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Amit Pande
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anca Margineanu
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Lisewski
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Purfürst
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Han Zhu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lei Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei 23000, China
| | - Shiqi Jia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Sebastian Froehler
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Virchow-Klinikum, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Winfried Krill
- Department of Pediatrics, Klinikum Hanau, 63450 Hanau, Germany
| | - Torsten Röpke
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Klemens Raile
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Virchow-Klinikum, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Sander
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Izsvák
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
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28
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Verhoeff K, Cuesta-Gomez N, Maghera J, Dadheech N, Pawlick R, Smith N, O'Gorman D, Razavy H, Marfil-Garza B, Young LG, Thiesen A, MacDonald PE, Shapiro AMJ. Scalable Bioreactor-based Suspension Approach to Generate Stem Cell-derived Islets From Healthy Donor-derived iPSCs. Transplantation 2024:00007890-990000000-00819. [PMID: 39024165 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000005108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer the potential to generate autologous iPSC-derived islets (iPSC islets), however, remain limited by scalability and product safety. METHODS Herein, we report stagewise characterization of cells generated following a bioreactor-based differentiation protocol. Cell characteristics were assessed using flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, patch clamping, functional assessment, and in vivo functional and immunohistochemistry evaluation. Protocol yield and costs are assessed to determine scalability. RESULTS Differentiation was capable of generating 90.4% PDX1+/NKX6.1+ pancreatic progenitors and 100% C-peptide+/NKX6.1+ iPSC islet cells. However, 82.1%, 49.6%, and 0.9% of the cells expressed SOX9 (duct), SLC18A1 (enterochromaffin cells), and CDX2 (gut cells), respectively. Explanted grafts contained mature monohormonal islet-like cells, however, CK19+ ductal tissues persist. Using this protocol, semi-planar differentiation using 150 mm plates achieved 5.72 × 104 cells/cm2 (total 8.3 × 106 cells), whereas complete suspension differentiation within 100 mL Vertical-Wheel bioreactors significantly increased cell yield to 1.1 × 106 cells/mL (total 105.0 × 106 cells), reducing costs by 88.8%. CONCLUSIONS This study offers a scalable suspension-based approach for iPSC islet differentiation within Vertical-Wheel bioreactors with thorough characterization of the ensuing product to enable future protocol comparison and evaluation of approaches for off-target cell elimination. Results suggest that bioreactor-based suspension differentiation protocols may facilitate scalability and clinical implementation of iPSC islet therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Verhoeff
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nerea Cuesta-Gomez
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jasmine Maghera
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nidheesh Dadheech
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rena Pawlick
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nancy Smith
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Doug O'Gorman
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Haide Razavy
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Braulio Marfil-Garza
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
- CHRISTUS-LatAm Hub-Excellence and Innovation Center, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Aducio Thiesen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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29
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Zhao J, Liang S, Cen HH, Li Y, Baker RK, Ruprai B, Gao G, Zhang C, Ren H, Tang C, Chen L, Liu Y, Lynn FC, Johnson JD, Kieffer TJ. PDX1+ cell budding morphogenesis in a stem cell-derived islet spheroid system. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5894. [PMID: 39003281 PMCID: PMC11246529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Remarkable advances in protocol development have been achieved to manufacture insulin-secreting islets from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Distinct from current approaches, we devised a tunable strategy to generate islet spheroids enriched for major islet cell types by incorporating PDX1+ cell budding morphogenesis into staged differentiation. In this process that appears to mimic normal islet morphogenesis, the differentiating islet spheroids organize with endocrine cells that are intermingled or arranged in a core-mantle architecture, accompanied with functional heterogeneity. Through in vitro modelling of human pancreas development, we illustrate the importance of PDX1 and the requirement for EphB3/4 signaling in eliciting cell budding morphogenesis. Using this new approach, we model Mitchell-Riley syndrome with RFX6 knockout hPSCs illustrating unexpected morphogenesis defects in the differentiation towards islet cells. The tunable differentiation system and stem cell-derived islet models described in this work may facilitate addressing fundamental questions in islet biology and probing human pancreas diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Shenghui Liang
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Haoning Howard Cen
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yanjun Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Robert K Baker
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Balwinder Ruprai
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guang Gao
- Imaging Core Facility, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chloe Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Huixia Ren
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
| | - Francis C Lynn
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James D Johnson
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Timothy J Kieffer
- Life Sciences Institute, Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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30
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Funa NS, Mjoseng HK, de Lichtenberg KH, Raineri S, Esen D, Egeskov-Madsen ALR, Quaranta R, Jørgensen MC, Hansen MS, van Cuyl Kuylenstierna J, Jensen KB, Miao Y, Garcia KC, Seymour PA, Serup P. TGF-β modulates cell fate in human ES cell-derived foregut endoderm by inhibiting Wnt and BMP signaling. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:973-992. [PMID: 38942030 PMCID: PMC11252478 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic differences between pluripotent stem cell lines cause variable activity of extracellular signaling pathways, limiting reproducibility of directed differentiation protocols. Here we used human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to interrogate how exogenous factors modulate endogenous signaling events during specification of foregut endoderm lineages. We find that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) activates a putative human OTX2/LHX1 gene regulatory network which promotes anterior fate by antagonizing endogenous Wnt signaling. In contrast to Porcupine inhibition, TGF-β1 effects cannot be reversed by exogenous Wnt ligands, suggesting that induction of SHISA proteins and intracellular accumulation of Fzd receptors render TGF-β1-treated cells refractory to Wnt signaling. Subsequently, TGF-β1-mediated inhibition of BMP and Wnt signaling suppresses liver fate and promotes pancreas fate. Furthermore, combined TGF-β1 treatment and Wnt inhibition during pancreatic specification reproducibly and robustly enhance INSULIN+ cell yield across hESC lines. This modification of widely used differentiation protocols will enhance pancreatic β cell yield for cell-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sofi Funa
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Heidi Katharina Mjoseng
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Honnens de Lichtenberg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Silvia Raineri
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Deniz Esen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anuska la Rosa Egeskov-Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roberto Quaranta
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Christine Jørgensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Skjøtt Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas van Cuyl Kuylenstierna
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Bak Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; BRIC - Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Philip A Seymour
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Palle Serup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine, reNEW, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Sun A, Hayat H, Kenyon E, Quadri T, Amos D, Perkins K, Nigam S, Tarleton D, Mallett CL, Deng CX, Qiu Z, Li W, Sempere L, Fan J, Aguirre A, Wang P. Brown Adipose Tissue as a Unique Niche for Islet Organoid Transplantation: Insights From In Vivo Imaging. Transplant Direct 2024; 10:e1658. [PMID: 38881741 PMCID: PMC11177823 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Transplantation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived islet organoids is a promising cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). It is important to improve the efficacy of islet organoids transplantation by identifying new transplantation sites with high vascularization and sufficient accommodation to support graft survival with a high capacity for oxygen delivery. Methods A human-induced pluripotent stem cell line (hiPSCs-L1) was generated constitutively expressing luciferase. Luciferase-expressing hiPSCs were differentiated into islet organoids. The islet organoids were transplanted into the scapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency disease (NOD/SCID) mice as the BAT group and under the left kidney capsule (KC) of NOD/SCID mice as a control group, respectively. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) of the organoid grafts was performed on days 1, 7, 14, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 63 posttransplantation. Results BLI signals were detected in all recipients, including both the BAT and control groups. The BLI signal gradually decreased in both BAT and KC groups. However, the graft BLI signal intensity under the left KC decreased substantially faster than that of the BAT. Furthermore, our data show that islet organoids transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice restored normoglycemia. Positron emission tomography/MRI verified that the islet organoids were transplanted at the intended location in these diabetic mice. Immunofluorescence staining revealed the presence of functional organoid grafts, as confirmed by insulin and glucagon staining. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that BAT is a potentially desirable site for islet organoid transplantation for T1D therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Sun
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Hanaan Hayat
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Elizabeth Kenyon
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Tahnia Quadri
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Darius Amos
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Keenan Perkins
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Saumya Nigam
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Deanna Tarleton
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Christiane L Mallett
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Cheri X Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Wen Li
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Lorenzo Sempere
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Jinda Fan
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Ping Wang
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
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32
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Thorngren J, Brboric A, Vasylovska S, Hjelmqvist D, Westermark GT, Saarimäki-Vire J, Kvist J, Balboa D, Otonkoski T, Carlsson PO, Lau J. Efficient Vascular and Neural Engraftment of Stem Cell-Derived Islets. Diabetes 2024; 73:1127-1139. [PMID: 38603470 PMCID: PMC11189832 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) have emerged as a new source for β-cell replacement therapy. The function of human islet transplants is hampered by excessive cell death posttransplantation; contributing factors include inflammatory reactions, insufficient revascularization, and islet amyloid formation. However, there is a gap in knowledge of the engraftment process of SC-islets. In this experimental study, we investigated the engraftment capability of SC-islets at 3 months posttransplantation and observed that cell apoptosis rates were lower but vascular density was similar in SC-islets compared with human islets. Whereas the human islet transplant vascular structures were a mixture of remnant donor endothelium and ingrowing blood vessels, the SC-islets contained ingrowing blood vessels only. Oxygenation in the SC-islet grafts was twice as high as that in the corresponding grafts of human islets, suggesting better vascular functionality. Similar to the blood vessel ingrowth, reinnervation of the SC-islets was four- to fivefold higher than that of the human islets. Both SC-islets and human islets contained amyloid at 1 and 3 months posttransplantation. We conclude that the vascular and neural engraftment of SC-islets are superior to those of human islets, but grafts of both origins develop amyloid, with potential long-term consequences. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Thorngren
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja Brboric
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Daisy Hjelmqvist
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jonna Saarimäki-Vire
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Kvist
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diego Balboa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Ola Carlsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joey Lau
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Zhu J, Zhu X, Xu Y, Chen X, Ge X, Huang Y, Wang Z. The role of noncoding RNAs in beta cell biology and tissue engineering. Life Sci 2024; 348:122717. [PMID: 38744419 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells, which are responsible for insulin secretion, constitutes the foundation of all forms of diabetes, a widely prevalent disease worldwide. The replacement of damaged β-cells with regenerated or transplanted cells derived from stem cells is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, inducing the differentiation of stem cells into fully functional glucose-responsive β-cells in vitro has proven to be challenging. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulatory factors governing the differentiation, identity, and function of β-cells. Furthermore, engineered hydrogel systems, biomaterials, and organ-like structures possess engineering characteristics that can provide a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment that supports stem cell differentiation. This review summarizes the roles and contributions of ncRNAs in maintaining the differentiation, identity, and function of β-cells. And it focuses on regulating the levels of ncRNAs in stem cells to activate β-cell genetic programs for generating alternative β-cells and discusses how to manipulate ncRNA expression by combining hydrogel systems and other tissue engineering materials. Elucidating the patterns of ncRNA-mediated regulation in β-cell biology and utilizing this knowledge to control stem cell differentiation may offer promising therapeutic strategies for generating functional insulin-producing cells in diabetes cell replacement therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaoren Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingyou Chen
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xinqi Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Li Y, Xu M, Chen J, Huang J, Cao J, Chen H, Zhang J, Luo Y, Wang Y, Sun J. Ameliorating and refining islet organoids to illuminate treatment and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:188. [PMID: 38937834 PMCID: PMC11210168 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a significant global public health challenge, severely impacts human health worldwide. The organoid, an innovative in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture model, closely mimics tissues or organs in vivo. Insulin-secreting islet organoid, derived from stem cells induced in vitro with 3D structures, has emerged as a potential alternative for islet transplantation and as a possible disease model that mirrors the human body's in vivo environment, eliminating species difference. This technology has gained considerable attention for its potential in diabetes treatment. Despite advances, the process of stem cell differentiation into islet organoid and its cultivation demonstrates deficiencies, prompting ongoing efforts to develop more efficient differentiation protocols and 3D biomimetic materials. At present, the constructed islet organoid exhibit limitations in their composition, structure, and functionality when compared to natural islets. Consequently, further research is imperative to achieve a multi-tissue system composition and improved insulin secretion functionality in islet organoid, while addressing transplantation-related safety concerns, such as tumorigenicity, immune rejection, infection, and thrombosis. This review delves into the methodologies and strategies for constructing the islet organoid, its application in diabetes treatment, and the pivotal scientific challenges within organoid research, offering fresh perspectives for a deeper understanding of diabetes pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Cao
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huajing Chen
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yazhuo Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ewald JD, Lu Y, Ellis CE, Worton J, Kolic J, Sasaki S, Zhang D, dos Santos T, Spigelman AF, Bautista A, Dai XQ, Lyon JG, Smith NP, Wong JM, Rajesh V, Sun H, Sharp SA, Rogalski JC, Moravcova R, Cen HH, Manning Fox JE, Atlas E, Bruin JE, Mulvihill EE, Verchere CB, Foster LJ, Gloyn AL, Johnson JD, Pepper AR, Lynn FC, Xia J, MacDonald PE. HumanIslets: An integrated platform for human islet data access and analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.19.599613. [PMID: 38948734 PMCID: PMC11212983 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.19.599613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Comprehensive molecular and cellular phenotyping of human islets can enable deep mechanistic insights for diabetes research. We established the Human Islet Data Analysis and Sharing (HI-DAS) consortium to advance goals in accessibility, usability, and integration of data from human islets isolated from donors with and without diabetes at the Alberta Diabetes Institute (ADI) IsletCore. Here we introduce HumanIslets.com, an open resource for the research community. This platform, which presently includes data on 547 human islet donors, allows users to access linked datasets describing molecular profiles, islet function and donor phenotypes, and to perform various statistical and functional analyses at the donor, islet and single-cell levels. As an example of the analytic capacity of this resource we show a dissociation between cell culture effects on transcript and protein expression, and an approach to correct for exocrine contamination found in hand-picked islets. Finally, we provide an example workflow and visualization that highlights links between type 2 diabetes status, SERCA3b Ca2+-ATPase levels at the transcript and protein level, insulin secretion and islet cell phenotypes. HumanIslets.com provides a growing and adaptable set of resources and tools to support the metabolism and diabetes research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Ewald
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
- Imaging Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yao Lu
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - Cara E. Ellis
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Jessica Worton
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Jelena Kolic
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Shugo Sasaki
- Diabetes Research Group, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Diabetes Research Group, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Theodore dos Santos
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Aliya F. Spigelman
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Austin Bautista
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Xiao-Qing Dai
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - James G. Lyon
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Nancy P. Smith
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Jordan M. Wong
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Varsha Rajesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Seth A. Sharp
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Jason C. Rogalski
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Renata Moravcova
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Haoning H Cen
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Jocelyn E. Manning Fox
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | | | - Ella Atlas
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON
| | - Jennifer E. Bruin
- Department of Biology & Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON
| | - Erin E. Mulvihill
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, ON
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON
| | - C. Bruce Verchere
- Department of Surgery, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Leonard J. Foster
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michael Smith Laboratories, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - James D. Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Andrew R. Pepper
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Francis C. Lynn
- Diabetes Research Group, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - Patrick E. MacDonald
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
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Zhao Y, Pan Z, Hong Z, Sun M, Hong Y, Peng X, Li X, Wang X, Wang K. Protocol for scarless genome editing of human pluripotent stem cell based on orthogonal selective reporters. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:103084. [PMID: 38787727 PMCID: PMC11145391 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) hold great promise for applications in regenerative medicine and disease modeling. Here, we present a protocol for establishing edited hPSC cell lines utilizing visualized orthogonal selective reporters. We describe steps for constructing plasmids, carrying out cell culture and electroporation, as well as performing drug-fluorescent dual enrichment, clone screening, and cell line characterization. This protocol facilitates the achievement of single-base homozygous mutations and reporter knockins, offering a reliable approach for precision genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Zihang Pan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zixuan Hong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengze Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Annicchiarico A, Barile B, Buccoliero C, Nicchia GP, Brunetti G. Alternative therapeutic strategies in diabetes management. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1142-1161. [PMID: 38983831 PMCID: PMC11229975 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a heterogeneous metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from the destruction or malfunction of pancreatic β cells, insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, or both, and results in a non-sufficient production of insulin. To adjust blood glucose levels, diabetic patients need exogenous insulin administration together with medical nutrition therapy and physical activity. With the aim of improving insulin availability in diabetic patients as well as ameliorating diabetes comorbidities, different strategies have been investigated. The first approaches included enhancing endogenous β cell activity or transplanting new islets. The protocol for this kind of intervention has recently been optimized, leading to standardized procedures. It is indicated for diabetic patients with severe hypoglycemia, complicated by impaired hypoglycemia awareness or exacerbated glycemic lability. Transplantation has been associated with improvement in all comorbidities associated with diabetes, quality of life, and survival. However, different trials are ongoing to further improve the beneficial effects of transplantation. Furthermore, to overcome some limitations associated with the availability of islets/pancreas, alternative therapeutic strategies are under evaluation, such as the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells for transplantation. The cotransplantation of MSCs with islets has been successful, thus providing protection against proinflammatory cytokines and hypoxia through different mechanisms, including exosome release. The use of induced pluripotent stem cells is recent and requires further investigation. The advantages of MSC implantation have also included the improvement of diabetes-related comorbidities, such as wound healing. Despite the number of advantages of the direct injection of MSCs, new strategies involving biomaterials and scaffolds have been developed to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal cell delivery with promising results. In conclusion, this paper offered an overview of new alternative strategies for diabetes management while highlighting some limitations that will need to be overcome by future approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Annicchiarico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Barbara Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Cinzia Buccoliero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Grazia Paola Nicchia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari 70125, Italy
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Jeyagaran A, Urbanczyk M, Layland SL, Weise F, Schenke-Layland K. Forward programming of hiPSCs towards beta-like cells using Ngn3, Pdx1, and MafA. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13608. [PMID: 38871849 PMCID: PMC11176171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of stem cell-derived β-cells is a promising therapeutic advancement in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. A current limitation of this approach is the long differentiation timeline that generates a heterogeneous population of pancreatic endocrine cells. To address this limitation, an inducible lentiviral overexpression system of mature β-cell markers was introduced into human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Following the selection of the successfully transduced hiPSCs, the cells were treated with doxycycline in the pancreatic progenitor induction medium to support their transition toward the pancreatic lineage. Cells cultured with doxycycline presented the markers of interest, NGN3, PDX1, and MAFA, after five days of culture, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assays demonstrated that the cells were glucose-responsive in a monolayer culture. When cultured as a spheroid, the markers of interest and insulin secretion in a static glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay were maintained; however, insulin secretion upon consecutive glucose challenges was limited. Comparison to human fetal and adult donor tissues identified that although the hiPSC-derived spheroids present similar markers to adult insulin-producing cells, they are functionally representative of fetal development. Together, these results suggest that with optimization of the temporal expression of these markers, forward programming of hiPSCs towards insulin-producing cells could be a possible alternative for islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiramy Jeyagaran
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Max Urbanczyk
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shannon L Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank Weise
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany.
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Wang C, Abadpour S, Aizenshtadt A, Dalmao-Fernandez A, Høyem M, Wilhelmsen I, Stokowiec J, Olsen PA, Krauss S, Chera S, Ghila L, Ræder H, Scholz H. Cell identity dynamics and insight into insulin secretagogues when employing stem cell-derived islets for disease modeling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1392575. [PMID: 38933536 PMCID: PMC11199790 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1392575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) are not only an unlimited source for cell-based therapy of type 1 diabetes but have also emerged as an attractive material for modeling diabetes and conducting screening for treatment options. Prior to SC-islets becoming the established standard for disease modeling and drug development, it is essential to understand their response to various nutrient sources in vitro. This study demonstrates an enhanced efficiency of pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation through the incorporation of WNT signaling inhibition following the definitive endoderm stage. We have identified a tri-hormonal cell population within SC-islets, which undergoes reduction concurrent with the emergence of elevated numbers of glucagon-positive cells during extended in vitro culture. Over a 6-week period of in vitro culture, the SC-islets consistently demonstrated robust insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation. Moreover, they manifested diverse reactivity patterns when exposed to distinct nutrient sources and exhibited deviant glycolytic metabolic characteristics in comparison to human primary islets. Although the SC-islets demonstrated an aberrant glucose metabolism trafficking, the evaluation of a potential antidiabetic drug, pyruvate kinase agonist known as TEPP46, significantly improved in vitro insulin secretion of SC-islets. Overall, this study provided cell identity dynamics investigation of SC-islets during prolonged culturing in vitro, and insights into insulin secretagogues. Associated advantages and limitations were discussed when employing SC-islets for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chencheng Wang
- Department of Transplant Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shadab Abadpour
- Department of Transplant Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Andrea Dalmao-Fernandez
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Høyem
- Department of Transplant Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Wilhelmsen
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Justyna Stokowiec
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Petter Angell Olsen
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Krauss
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simona Chera
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Luiza Ghila
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helge Ræder
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Department of Transplant Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Center of Excellence, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Hua H, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang S, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Liang Z, Ren H, Lu S, Wu S, Jiang Y, Pu Y, Zheng X, Tang C, Shen Z, Li C, Du Y, Deng H. Remodeling ceramide homeostasis promotes functional maturation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:850-865.e10. [PMID: 38697109 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived β cells (hPSC-β cells) show the potential to restore euglycemia. However, the immature functionality of hPSC-β cells has limited their efficacy in application. Here, by deciphering the continuous maturation process of hPSC-β cells post transplantation via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq), we show that functional maturation of hPSC-β cells is an orderly multistep process during which cells sequentially undergo metabolic adaption, removal of negative regulators of cell function, and establishment of a more specialized transcriptome and epigenome. Importantly, remodeling lipid metabolism, especially downregulating the metabolic activity of ceramides, the central hub of sphingolipid metabolism, is critical for β cell maturation. Limiting intracellular accumulation of ceramides in hPSC-β cells remarkably enhanced their function, as indicated by improvements in insulin processing and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In summary, our findings provide insights into the maturation of human pancreatic β cells and highlight the importance of ceramide homeostasis in function acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Hua
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunlu Zhou
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Ren
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sufang Lu
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yong Jiang
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Pu
- Hangzhou Reprogenix Bioscience, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Hangzhou Repugene Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics, Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Du
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongkui Deng
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center and the MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China.
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Bode K, Wei S, Gruber I, Li J, Kissler S, Yi P. Beta cells deficient for Renalase counteract autoimmunity by shaping natural killer cell activity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403752. [PMID: 38975343 PMCID: PMC11225407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Recent advancements in the technology of generating pancreatic beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells (SC-beta cells) have facilitated the exploration of cell replacement therapies for treating T1D. However, the persistent threat of autoimmunity poses a significant challenge to the survival of transplanted SC-beta cells. Genetic engineering is a promising approach to enhance immune resistance of beta cells as we previously showed by inactivating the Renalase (Rnls) gene. Here, we demonstrate that Rnls loss of function in beta cells shapes autoimmunity by mediating a regulatory natural killer (NK) cell phenotype important for the induction of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells. Rnls-deficient beta cells mediate cell-cell contact-independent induction of hallmark anti-inflammatory cytokine Tgfβ1 in NK cells. In addition, surface expression of regulatory NK immune checkpoints CD47 and Ceacam1 is markedly elevated on beta cells deficient for Rnls. Altered glucose metabolism in Rnls mutant beta cells is involved in the upregulation of CD47 surface expression. These findings are crucial to better understand how genetically engineered beta cells shape autoimmunity, giving valuable insights for future therapeutic advancements to treat and cure T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bode
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Siying Wei
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Isabella Gruber
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jian Li
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephan Kissler
- Section for Immunobiology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Magro-Lopez E, Vazquez-Alejo E, Espinar-Buitrago MDLS, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ. Optimizing Nodal, Wnt and BMP signaling pathways for robust and efficient differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells to intermediate mesoderm cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1395723. [PMID: 38887514 PMCID: PMC11182123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1395723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Several differentiation protocols have enabled the generation of intermediate mesoderm (IM)-derived cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC). However, the substantial variability between existing protocols for generating IM cells compromises their efficiency, reproducibility, and overall success, potentially hindering the utility of urogenital system organoids. Here, we examined the role of high levels of Nodal signaling and BMP activity, as well as WNT signaling in the specification of IM cells derived from a UCSD167i-99-1 human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) line. We demonstrate that precise modulation of WNT and BMP signaling significantly enhances IM differentiation efficiency. Treatment of hPSC with 3 μM CHIR99021 induced TBXT+/MIXL1+ mesoderm progenitor (MP) cells after 48 h of differentiation. Further treatment with a combination of 3 μM CHIR99021 and 4 ng/mL BMP4 resulted in the generation of OSR1+/GATA3+/PAX2+ IM cells within a subsequent 48 h period. Molecular characterization of differentiated cells was confirmed through immunofluorescence staining and RT-qPCR. Hence, this study establishes a consistent and reproducible protocol for differentiating hiPSC into IM cells that faithfully recapitulates the molecular signatures of IM development. This protocol holds promise for improving the success of protocols designed to generate urogenital system organoids in vitro, with potential applications in regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Magro-Lopez
- Molecular Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Immunology Section, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Vazquez-Alejo
- Molecular Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Immunology Section, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María de la Sierra Espinar-Buitrago
- Molecular Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Immunology Section, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Molecular Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Immunology Section, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Wang Q, Huang YX, Liu L, Zhao XH, Sun Y, Mao X, Li SW. Pancreatic islet transplantation: current advances and challenges. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1391504. [PMID: 38887292 PMCID: PMC11180903 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1391504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a prevalent chronic disease that traditionally requires severe reliance on medication for treatment. Oral medication and exogenous insulin can only temporarily maintain blood glucose levels and do not cure the disease. Most patients need life-long injections of exogenous insulin. In recent years, advances in islet transplantation have significantly advanced the treatment of diabetes, allowing patients to discontinue exogenous insulin and avoid complications.Long-term follow-up results from recent reports on islet transplantation suggest that they provide significant therapeutic benefit although patients still require immunotherapy, suggesting the importance of future transplantation strategies. Although organ shortage remains the primary obstacle for the development of islet transplantation, new sources of islet cells, such as stem cells and porcine islet cells, have been proposed, and are gradually being incorporated into clinical research. Further research on new transplantation sites, such as the subcutaneous space and mesenteric fat, may eventually replace the traditional portal vein intra-islet cell infusion. Additionally, the immunological rejection reaction in islet transplantation will be resolved through the combined application of immunosuppressant agents, islet encapsulation technology, and the most promising mesenchymal stem cells/regulatory T cell and islet cell combined transplantation cell therapy. This review summarizes the progress achieved in islet transplantation, and discusses the research progress and potential solutions to the challenges faced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-xi Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-hong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Sun
- MRL Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinli Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques and Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shao-wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques and Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
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Mi J, Ren L, Andersson O. Leveraging zebrafish to investigate pancreatic development, regeneration, and diabetes. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00124-2. [PMID: 38825440 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The zebrafish has become an outstanding model for studying organ development and tissue regeneration, which is prominently leveraged for studies of pancreatic development, insulin-producing β-cells, and diabetes. Although studied for more than two decades, many aspects remain elusive and it has only recently been possible to investigate these due to technical advances in transcriptomics, chemical-genetics, genome editing, drug screening, and in vivo imaging. Here, we review recent findings on zebrafish pancreas development, β-cell regeneration, and how zebrafish can be used to provide novel insights into gene functions, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic targets in diabetes, inspiring further use of zebrafish for the development of novel therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Mi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China.
| | - Lipeng Ren
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olov Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.
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45
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Villalba A, Gitton Y, Inoue M, Aiello V, Blain R, Toupin M, Mazaud-Guittot S, Rachdi L, Semb H, Chédotal A, Scharfmann R. A 3D atlas of the human developing pancreas to explore progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Diabetologia 2024; 67:1066-1078. [PMID: 38630142 PMCID: PMC11058870 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Rodent pancreas development has been described in great detail. On the other hand, there are still gaps in our understanding of the developmental trajectories of pancreatic cells during human ontogenesis. Here, our aim was to map the spatial and chronological dynamics of human pancreatic cell differentiation and proliferation by using 3D imaging of cleared human embryonic and fetal pancreases. METHODS We combined tissue clearing with light-sheet fluorescence imaging in human embryonic and fetal pancreases during the first trimester of pregnancy. In addition, we validated an explant culture system enabling in vitro proliferation of pancreatic progenitors to determine the mitogenic effect of candidate molecules. RESULTS We detected the first insulin-positive cells as early as five post-conceptional weeks, two weeks earlier than previously observed. We observed few insulin-positive clusters at five post-conceptional weeks (mean ± SD 9.25±5.65) with a sharp increase to 11 post-conceptional weeks (4307±152.34). We identified a central niche as the location of onset of the earliest insulin cell production and detected extra-pancreatic loci within the adjacent developing gut. Conversely, proliferating pancreatic progenitors were located in the periphery of the epithelium, suggesting the existence of two separated pancreatic niches for differentiation and proliferation. Additionally, we observed that the proliferation ratio of progenitors ranged between 20% and 30%, while for insulin-positive cells it was 1%. We next unveiled a mitogenic effect of the platelet-derived growth factor AA isoform (PDGFAA) in progenitors acting through the pancreatic mesenchyme by increasing threefold the number of proliferating progenitors. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This work presents a first 3D atlas of the human developing pancreas, charting both endocrine and proliferating cells across early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Villalba
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yorick Gitton
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Megumi Inoue
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Aiello
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Blain
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Maryne Toupin
- Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Séverine Mazaud-Guittot
- Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Latif Rachdi
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Henrik Semb
- Institute of Translational Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Alain Chédotal
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Institut de pathologie, groupe hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
- MeLiS, CNRS UMR5284, Inserm U1314, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Bochenek MA, Walters B, Zhang J, Fenton OS, Facklam A, Kroneková Z, Pelach M, Engquist EN, Leite NC, Morgart A, Lacík I, Langer R, Anderson DG. Enhancing the Functionality of Immunoisolated Human SC-βeta Cell Clusters through Prior Resizing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307464. [PMID: 38212275 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The transplantation of immunoisolated stem cell derived beta cell clusters (SC-β) has the potential to restore physiological glycemic control in patients with type I diabetes. This strategy is attractive as it uses a renewable β-cell source without the need for systemic immune suppression. SC-β cells have been shown to reverse diabetes in immune compromised mice when transplanted as ≈300 µm diameter clusters into sites where they can become revascularized. However, immunoisolated SC-β clusters are not directly revascularized and rely on slower diffusion of nutrients through a membrane. It is hypothesized that smaller SC-β cell clusters (≈150 µm diameter), more similar to islets, will perform better within immunoisolation devices due to enhanced mass transport. To test this, SC-β cells are resized into small clusters, encapsulated in alginate spheres, and coated with a biocompatible A10 polycation coating that resists fibrosis. After transplantation into diabetic immune competent C57BL/6 mice, the "resized" SC-β cells plus the A10 biocompatible polycation coating induced long-term euglycemia in the mice (6 months). After retrieval, the resized A10 SC-β cells exhibited the least amount of fibrosis and enhanced markers of β-cell maturation. The utilization of small SC-β cell clusters within immunoprotection devices may improve clinical translation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Bochenek
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ben Walters
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Owen S Fenton
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Amanda Facklam
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Zuzana Kroneková
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 41, Slovakia
| | - Michal Pelach
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 41, Slovakia
| | - Elise N Engquist
- Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Nayara C Leite
- Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Alex Morgart
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Igor Lacík
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 41, Slovakia
| | - Robert Langer
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Health Science Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Health Science Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Ma R, Bi H, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhang J, Yu X, Chen Z, Wang J, Lu C, Zheng J, Li Y, Ding X. Low concentrations of saracatinib promote definitive endoderm differentiation through inhibition of FAK-YAP signaling axis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:300. [PMID: 38816763 PMCID: PMC11140888 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the efficiency of definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation is necessary for the generation of diverse organ-like structures. In this study, we used the small molecule inhibitor saracatinib (SAR) to enhance DE differentiation of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. SAR significantly improved DE differentiation efficiency at low concentrations. The interaction between SAR and Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) was explored through RNA-seq and molecular docking simulations, which further supported the inhibition of DE differentiation by p-FAK overexpression in SAR-treated cells. In addition, we found that SAR inhibited the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a downstream effector of FAK, which promoted DE differentiation. Moreover, the addition of SAR enabled a significant reduction in activin A (AA) from 50 to 10 ng/mL without compromising DE differentiation efficiency. For induction of the pancreatic lineage, 10 ng/ml AA combined with SAR at the DE differentiation stage yielded a comparative number of PDX1+/NKX6.1+ pancreatic progenitor cells to those obtained by 50 ng/ml AA treatment. Our study highlights SAR as a potential modulator that facilitates the cost-effective generation of DE cells and provides insight into the orchestration of cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Ma
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Huanjing Bi
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yu
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Zuhan Chen
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Cuinan Lu
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Ding
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Hospital of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta Western Rd, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China.
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Chen J, Lu J, Wang SN, Miao CY. Application and challenge of pancreatic organoids in therapeutic research. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366417. [PMID: 38855754 PMCID: PMC11157021 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The in-vivo non-human primate animal and in-vitro cell disease models play a crucial part in the study of the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of pancreatic diseases, but with increasingly prominent limitations with in-depth research. Organoids derived from human pluripotent and adult stem cells resemble human in-vivo organs in their cellular composition, spatial tissue structure and physiological function, making them as an advantageous research tool. Up until now, numerous human organoids, including pancreas, have been effectively developed, demonstrating significant potential for research in organ development, disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. However, different from intestine, liver and other organs, the pancreas is the only special organ in the human body, consisting of an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. Thus, the development of pancreatic organoid technology faces greater challenges, and how to construct a composite pancreatic organoid with exocrine and endocrine gland is still difficult in current research. By reviewing the fundamental architecture and physiological role of the human pancreas, along with the swiftly developing domain of pancreatic organoids, we summarize the method and characteristics of human pancreatic organoids, and its application in modeling pancreatic diseases, as a platform for individualized drug screening and in regenerative medicine study. As the first comprehensive review that focus on the pharmacological study of human pancreatic organoid, the review hopes to help scholars to have a deeper understanding in the study of pancreatic organoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changhai Hospital, Second Military University /Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University /Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changhai Hospital, Second Military University /Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Na Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University /Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University /Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Li J, Bode K, Lee YC, Morrow N, Ma A, Wei S, da Silva Pereira J, Stewart T, Lee-Papastavros A, Hollister-Lock J, Sullivan B, Bonner-Weir S, Yi P. Loss-of-function of ALDH3B2 transdifferentiates human pancreatic duct cells into beta-like cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.593941. [PMID: 38798376 PMCID: PMC11118503 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.593941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Replenishment of pancreatic beta cells is a key to the cure for diabetes. Beta cells regeneration is achieved predominantly by self-replication especially in rodents, but it was also shown that pancreatic duct cells can transdifferentiate into beta cells. How pancreatic duct cells undergo transdifferentiated and whether we could manipulate the transdifferentiation to replenish beta cell mass is not well understood. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we discovered that loss-of-function of ALDH3B2 is sufficient to transdifferentiate human pancreatic duct cells into functional beta-like cells. The transdifferentiated cells have significant increase in beta cell marker genes expression, secrete insulin in response to glucose, and reduce blood glucose when transplanted into diabetic mice. Our study identifies a novel gene that could potentially be targeted in human pancreatic duct cells to replenish beta cell mass for diabetes therapy.
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50
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Haideri T, Lin J, Bao X, Lian XL. MAGIK: A rapid and efficient method to create lineage-specific reporters in human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:744-757. [PMID: 38579711 PMCID: PMC11103783 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise insertion of fluorescent proteins into lineage-specific genes in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) presents challenges due to low knockin efficiency and difficulties in isolating targeted cells. To overcome these hurdles, we present the modified mRNA (ModRNA)-based Activation for Gene Insertion and Knockin (MAGIK) method. MAGIK operates in two steps: first, it uses a Cas9-2A-p53DD modRNA with a mini-donor plasmid (without a drug selection cassette) to significantly enhance efficiency. Second, a deactivated Cas9 activator modRNA and a 'dead' guide RNA are used to temporarily activate the targeted gene, allowing for live cell sorting of targeted cells. Consequently, MAGIK eliminates the need for drug selection cassettes or labor-intensive single-cell colony screening, expediting precise gene editing. We showed MAGIK can be utilized to insert fluorescent proteins into various genes, including SOX17, NKX6.1, NKX2.5, and PDX1, across multiple hPSC lines. This underscores its robust performance and offers a promising solution for achieving knockin in hPSCs within a significantly shortened time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Haideri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jirong Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Xiaojun Lance Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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