1
|
Andres-Martin F, James C, Catalfamo M. IL-27 expression regulation and its effects on adaptive immunity against viruses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395921. [PMID: 38966644 PMCID: PMC11222398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
IL-27, a member of the IL-6/IL-12 cytokine superfamily, is primarily secreted by antigen presenting cells, specifically by dendric cells, macrophages and B cells. IL-27 has antiviral activities and modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses against viruses. The role of IL-27 in the setting of viral infections is not well defined and both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions have been described. Here, we discuss the latest advancements in the role of IL-27 in several viral infection models of human disease. We highlight important aspects of IL-27 expression regulation, the critical cell sources at different stages of the infection and their impact in cell mediated immunity. Lastly, we discuss the need to better define the antiviral and modulatory (pro-inflammatory vs anti-inflammatory) properties of IL-27 in the context of human chronic viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Catalfamo
- Department of Microbiology Immunology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Russell SJ, Parker K, Lehoczki A, Lieberman D, Partha IS, Scott SJ, Phillips LR, Fain MJ, Nikolich JŽ. Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) in older adults. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01227-8. [PMID: 38874693 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01227-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Long COVID, also known as PASC (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2), is a complex infection-associated chronic condition affecting tens of millions of people worldwide. Many aspects of this condition are incompletely understood. Among them is how this condition may manifest itself in older adults and how it might impact the older population. Here, we briefly review the current understanding of PASC in the adult population and examine what is known on its features with aging. Finally, we outline the major gaps and areas for research most germane to older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Russell
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Karen Parker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Doctoral College, Health Sciences Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, National Institute for Haematology and Infectious Diseases, South Pest Central Hospital, 1097, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Lieberman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Indu S Partha
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Serena J Scott
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Linda R Phillips
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mindy J Fain
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Janko Ž Nikolich
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- The Aegis Consortium for Pandemic-Free Future, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maple PA, Tanasescu R, Constantinescu CS, Valentino P, Capobianco M, D’Orso S, Borsellino G, Battistini L, Ristori G, Mechelli R, Salvetti M, Gran B. Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus, and Varicella Zoster Virus Infection Dynamics in People with Multiple Sclerosis from Northern Italy. Pathogens 2024; 13:499. [PMID: 38921797 PMCID: PMC11206421 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous exposure to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is strongly associated with the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). By contrast, past cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may have no association, or be negatively associated with MS. This study aimed to investigate the associations of herpesvirus infections with MS in an Italian population. Serum samples (n = 200) from Italian people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) classified as the relapsing-and-remitting clinical phenotype and (n = 137) healthy controls (HCs) were obtained from the CRESM Biobank, Orbassano, Italy. Both PwMS and HCs samples were selected according to age group (20-39 years, and 40 or more years) and sex. EBV virus capsid antigen (VCA) IgG, EBV nucleic acid-1 antigen (EBNA-1) IgG, CMV IgG, herpes simplex virus (HSV) IgG, and varicella zoster virus (VZV) IgG testing was undertaken using commercial ELISAs. EBV VCA IgG and EBNA-1 IgG seroprevalences were 100% in PwMS and 93.4% and 92.4%, respectively, in HCs. EBV VCA IgG and EBNA-1 IgG levels were higher (p < 0.001) in PwMS compared with HCs. For PwMS, the EBNA-1 IgG levels decreased with age, particularly in females. The CMV IgG seroprevalence was 58.7% in PwMS and 62.9% in HCs. CMV IgG seroprevalence increased with age. The HSV IgG seroprevalence was 71.2% in PwMS and 70.8% in HCs. HSV IgG levels were lower (p = 0.0005) in PwMS compared with HCs. VZV IgG seroprevalence was 97.5% in PwMS and 98.5% in HCs. In the population studied, several herpesvirus infections markers may have been influenced by the age and sex of the groups studied. The lack of a negative association of MS with CMV infection, and the observation of lower levels of HSV IgG in PwMS compared with HCs are findings worthy of further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Maple
- Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Academic Unit, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK (B.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Radu Tanasescu
- Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Academic Unit, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK (B.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Cris S. Constantinescu
- Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Academic Unit, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK (B.G.)
- Cooper Neurological Institute, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Paola Valentino
- Neuroscience Institute, Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (P.V.)
| | - Marco Capobianco
- Neuroscience Institute, Cavalieri Ottolenghi, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (P.V.)
| | - Silvia D’Orso
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCSS Foundation Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Borsellino
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCSS Foundation Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCSS Foundation Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ristori
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCSS Foundation Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosella Mechelli
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS, San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Bruno Gran
- Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Academic Unit, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK (B.G.)
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smith WP. Negative Lifestyle Factors Specific to Aging Persons Living with HIV and Multimorbidity. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2024; 23:23259582241245228. [PMID: 39051608 PMCID: PMC11273731 DOI: 10.1177/23259582241245228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of medical care during the pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) era was to keep persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) alive, whereas since the advent of ART, the treatment objective has shifted to decreasing viral loads and infectiousness while increasing CD4+ T-cell counts and longevity. The health crisis, however, is in preventing and managing multimorbidity (ie, type 2 diabetes), which develops at a more accelerated or accentuated pace among aging persons living with HIV. Relative to the general population and age-matched uninfected adults, it may be more difficult for aging HIV-positive persons who also suffer from multimorbidity to improve negative lifestyle factors to the extent that their behaviors could support the prevention and management of diseases. With recommendations and a viable solution, this article explores the impact of negative lifestyle factors (ie, poor mental health, suboptimal nutrition, physical inactivity, alcohol use) on the health of aging individuals living with HIV.
Collapse
|
5
|
Li N, Liu G, Gao H, Wu Q, Meng J, Wang F, Jiang S, Chen M, Xu W, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Feng Y, Liu J, Xu C, Lu H. Geriatric syndromes, chronic inflammation, and advances in the management of frailty: A review with new insights. Biosci Trends 2023; 17:262-270. [PMID: 37612125 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2023.01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
As people age, geriatric syndromes characterized by frailty significantly impact both clinical practice and public health. Aging weakens people's immune functions, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation that ultimately contributes to the development of frailty. Effectively managing geriatric syndromes and frailty can help alleviate the economic burden of an aging population. This review delves into the intricate relationship among aging, infection-induced inflammation, chronic inflammation, and frailty. In addition, it analyzes various approaches and interventions to address frailty, such as smart rehabilitation programs and stem-cell treatments, offering promising solutions in this new era. Given the importance of this topic, further research into the mechanisms of frailty is crucial. Equally essential is the devising of relevant measures to delay its onset and the formulation of comprehensive clinical, research, and public health strategies to enhance the quality of life for elderly individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niuniu Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaolin Liu
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, United States
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Meng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Siwei Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqian Feng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Juncai Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Liang S, Fan S, Liu Y, Li Y, Xi J, Yuan D, Xiao J. Experiences of visiting female sex workers, social interaction, support and HIV infection among elderly men from rural China. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:356. [PMID: 37231338 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To make clear the roles of social interaction and social support in HIV infection among elderly men who visit female sex workers (FSW). METHODS We conducted a case-control study: 106 newly HIV (+) vs. 87 HIV (-) elderly men who visited FSW with similar age, education levels, marital statuses, monthly expenses for entertainment and migration experiences. Experiences of visiting FSW, social interaction, and intimate social support were obtained. Backward binary logistic regression was applied. RESULTS Cases' first visit to FSW happened at the age of 44.01 ± 12.25, older than controls (33.90 ± 13.43). 23.58% cases had gotten HIV-related health education (HRHE) before, less than controls (57.47%). More cases (48.91%) "always" got material support than controls (34.25%). Less cases gave "close" (38.04%) comments toward daily life, "satisfied" (34.78%) with their sexual life, "agree" being emotional fulfilled (46.74%) than controls (71.23% ,64.38%, and 61.64%). Risky factors for HIV infection among elderly men were having 3000 YUAN and above monthly income, visiting teahouse with friends, living without spouses, visiting different FSW, visiting FSW for other reason, receiving material support from most intimate sexual partner, older age of first visit to FSW. The protective factors were receiving HRHE, visiting FSW due to loneliness, and giving positive comments toward daily life with most intimate sexual partner. CONCLUSIONS Elderly men's social interactions are mainly visiting teahouse which is a potential sexual venue. Getting HRHE is formal protective social interactions but very rare for cases (23.58%). Social support from sexual partner is not enough. Emotional support is protective meanwhile material support only is risky for becoming HIV-positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Management, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Shu Liang
- Institute of HIV/AIDS prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.6, Zhongxue Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - ShuangFeng Fan
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.4, Longxiang Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.4, Longxiang Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jing Xi
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.4, Longxiang Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Institute of HIV/AIDS prevention, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.6, Zhongxue Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- School of Management, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Z, Tian M, Wang G, Cui X, Ma J, Liu S, Shen B, Liu F, Wu K, Xiao X, Zhu C. Senotherapeutics: An emerging approach to the treatment of viral infectious diseases in the elderly. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1098712. [PMID: 37065192 PMCID: PMC10094634 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1098712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the phenomenon that the elderly have higher morbidity and mortality is of great concern. Existing evidence suggests that senescence and viral infection interact with each other. Viral infection can lead to the aggravation of senescence through multiple pathways, while virus-induced senescence combined with existing senescence in the elderly aggravates the severity of viral infections and promotes excessive age-related inflammation and multiple organ damage or dysfunction, ultimately resulting in higher mortality. The underlying mechanisms may involve mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal activation of the cGAS-STING pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, the role of pre-activated macrophages and over-recruited immune cells, and accumulation of immune cells with trained immunity. Thus, senescence-targeted drugs were shown to have positive effects on the treatment of viral infectious diseases in the elderly, which has received great attention and extensive research. Therefore, this review focused on the relationship between senescence and viral infection, as well as the significance of senotherapeutics for the treatment of viral infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingfu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guolei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianghua Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun’e Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingzheng Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kailang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Chengliang Zhu, ; Xuan Xiao,
| | - Chengliang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Chengliang Zhu, ; Xuan Xiao,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sil S, Thangaraj A, Oladapo A, Hu G, Kutchy NA, Liao K, Buch S, Periyasamy P. Role of Autophagy in HIV-1 and Drug Abuse-Mediated Neuroinflammaging. Viruses 2022; 15:44. [PMID: 36680084 PMCID: PMC9866731 DOI: 10.3390/v15010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation remains an essential feature of HIV-1 infection under combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and contributes to the accelerated cognitive defects and aging in HIV-1 infected populations, indicating cART limitations in suppressing viremia. Interestingly, ~50% of the HIV-1 infected population on cART that develops cognitive defects is complicated by drug abuse, involving the activation of cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and neurotoxin release, altogether leading to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is the hallmark feature of many neurodegenerative disorders, including HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Impaired autophagy has been identified as one of the underlying mechanisms of HAND in treated HIV-1-infected people that also abuse drugs. Several lines of evidence suggest that autophagy regulates CNS cells' responses and maintains cellular hemostasis. The impairment of autophagy is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and immune senescence, a known characteristic of pathological aging. Therefore, autophagy impairment due to CNS cells, such as neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and pericytes exposure to HIV-1/HIV-1 proteins, cART, and drug abuse could have combined toxicity, resulting in increased neuroinflammation, which ultimately leads to accelerated aging, referred to as neuroinflammaging. In this review, we focus on the potential role of autophagy in the mechanism of neuroinflammaging in the context of HIV-1 and drug abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Sil
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Annadurai Thangaraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abiola Oladapo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Guoku Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Naseer A Kutchy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Ke Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Palsamy Periyasamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ovarian Reserve Disorders, Can We Prevent Them? A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315426. [PMID: 36499748 PMCID: PMC9737352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovarian reserve is finite and begins declining from its peak at mid-gestation until only residual follicles remain as women approach menopause. Reduced ovarian reserve, or its extreme form, premature ovarian insufficiency, stems from multiple factors, including developmental, genetic, environmental exposures, autoimmune disease, or medical/surgical treatment. In many cases, the cause remains unknown and resulting infertility is not ultimately addressed by assisted reproductive technologies. Deciphering the mechanisms that underlie disorders of ovarian reserve could improve the outcomes for patients struggling with infertility, but these disorders are diverse and can be categorized in multiple ways. In this review, we will explore the topic from a perspective that emphasizes the prevention or mitigation of ovarian damage. The most desirable mode of fertoprotection is primary prevention (intervening before ablative influence occurs), as identifying toxic influences and deciphering the mechanisms by which they exert their effect can reduce or eliminate exposure and damage. Secondary prevention in the form of screening is not recommended broadly. Nevertheless, in some instances where a known genetic background exists in discrete families, screening is advised. As part of prenatal care, screening panels include some genetic diseases that can lead to infertility or subfertility. In these patients, early diagnosis could enable fertility preservation or changes in family-building plans. Finally, Tertiary Prevention (managing disease post-diagnosis) is critical. Reduced ovarian reserve has a major influence on physiology beyond fertility, including delayed/absent puberty or premature menopause. In these instances, proper diagnosis and medical therapy can reduce adverse effects. Here, we elaborate on these modes of prevention as well as proposed mechanisms that underlie ovarian reserve disorders.
Collapse
|
10
|
Fujita K, Ito Y, Yamamoto Y, Kanai O, Imakita T, Oi I, Ito T, Saito Z, Mio T. Comparison of frailty in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease and bronchiectasis: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:395. [PMID: 36329435 PMCID: PMC9632157 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) peaks in middle- and old age groups, coinciding with senescence; thus, chronic infectious diseases can accelerate frailty and worsen mental health in the elderly. In this study, we aimed to compare the prevalence of physical and psychiatric frailty between patients with NTM-LD and bronchiectasis (BE). METHODS The Kihon Checklist Questionnaire (KCQ) was used to assess physical and psychiatric frailties and identify those at risk of requiring care among patients with newly diagnosed NTM-LD and BE. Additionally, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores and chronic inflammatory biomarkers of the alveolar region (surfactant protein [SP]-A, SP-D, and human cationic antibacterial protein [hCAP]/LL-37) were assessed and compared between NTM-LD and BE patients. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the background characteristics between the 33 NTM and 36 BE patients recruited. The KCQ revealed that the proportion of frail NTM patients at diagnosis was higher than that of frail BE patients (48.5% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.026). HADS scores were significantly higher in the NTM group than in the BE group (p < 0.01). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) hCAP/LL-37 and SP-D levels were significantly higher (p = 0.001), but serum hCAP/LL-37 levels were significantly lower in the NTM group than in the BE group (p = 0.023). However, there were no significant differences in the BALF and serum SP-D levels between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The number of frail NTM patients at diagnosis was significantly higher than that of frail BE patients. Biomarker analysis suggested that the former had more localized lung inflammation than the latter. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was prospectively registered in the Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN 000027652).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fujita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan.,HiLung Inc., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Kanai
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Imakita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Issei Oi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takanori Ito
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zentaro Saito
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mio
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Fukakusa-Mukaihata, Fushimi, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Garnica M, Aiello A, Ligotti ME, Accardi G, Arasanz H, Bocanegra A, Blanco E, Calabrò A, Chocarro L, Echaide M, Kochan G, Fernandez-Rubio L, Ramos P, Pojero F, Zareian N, Piñeiro-Hermida S, Farzaneh F, Candore G, Caruso C, Escors D. How Can We Improve the Vaccination Response in Older People? Part II: Targeting Immunosenescence of Adaptive Immunity Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9797. [PMID: 36077216 PMCID: PMC9456031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of people that are 65 years old or older has been increasing due to the improvement in medicine and public health. However, this trend is not accompanied by an increase in quality of life, and this population is vulnerable to most illnesses, especially to infectious diseases. Vaccination is the best strategy to prevent this fact, but older people present a less efficient response, as their immune system is weaker due mainly to a phenomenon known as immunosenescence. The adaptive immune system is constituted by two types of lymphocytes, T and B cells, and the function and fitness of these cell populations are affected during ageing. Here, we review the impact of ageing on T and B cells and discuss the approaches that have been described or proposed to modulate and reverse the decline of the ageing adaptive immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maider Garnica
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Hugo Arasanz
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Bocanegra
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ester Blanco
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Division of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Anna Calabrò
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Chocarro
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Echaide
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Grazyna Kochan
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leticia Fernandez-Rubio
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nahid Zareian
- The Rayne Institute, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Sergio Piñeiro-Hermida
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Farzin Farzaneh
- The Rayne Institute, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - David Escors
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vanpouille C, Wells A, Dan JM, Rawlings SA, Little S, Fitzgerald W, Margolis L, Gianella S. HIV but Not CMV Replication Alters the Blood Cytokine Network during Early HIV Infection in Men. Viruses 2022; 14:1833. [PMID: 36016455 PMCID: PMC9416553 DOI: 10.3390/v14081833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CMV coinfection contributes to sustained immune activation in people with chronic HIV. In particular, asymptomatic CMV shedding in semen has been associated with increased local and systemic immune activation, even during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the effect of seminal CMV shedding in people with HIV in the earliest phase of HIV infection is not known. METHODS Using Luminex, we measured the concentration of 34 cytokines in the blood plasma of sixty-nine men who had sex with men with or without HIV and in subgroups of CMV shedders vs. non-shedders. Differences in blood plasma cytokines between groups were investigated using the multivariate supervised partial least squares discriminant analysis method. RESULTS Independently of CMV, we found that concentrations of IP-10, MIG, MCP-1, I-TAC 10, IL-16, and MIP-1β were modulated in the earliest phase of HIV infection compared with control individuals without HIV. In people with HIV, there was no difference in blood cytokines among CMV shedders vs. non-shedders. CONCLUSION In early/acute HIV infection, asymptomatic CMV shedding in semen does not drive additional cytokine changes in blood. Early ART initiation should remain the priority, while the added benefit of CMV suppression during the various stages of HIV infection needs to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Vanpouille
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Dan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Stephen A. Rawlings
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Susan Little
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Wendy Fitzgerald
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonid Margolis
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sara Gianella
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zheng BW, Liu FS, Zheng BY, Niu HQ, Li J, Lv GH, Zou MX, Xu Z. Risk factors for tuberculous or nontuberculous spondylitis after percutaneous vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture: A case-control study. Front Surg 2022; 9:962425. [PMID: 36061063 PMCID: PMC9433983 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.962425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The contributing factors for spondylitis after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) remain unclear. Here, we sought to investigate the factors affecting spondylitis occurrence after PVP/PKP. We also compared the clinical characteristics between patients with tuberculous spondylitis (TS) and nontuberculous spondylitis (NTS) following vertebral augmentation. Methods Literature searches (from January 1, 1982 to October 16, 2020) using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Web of science databases were conducted to identify eligible studies according to predefined criteria. The local database was also retrospectively reviewed to include additional TS and NTS patients at our center. Results Thirty studies from the literature and 11 patients from our local institute were identified, yielding a total of 23 TS patients and 50 NTS patients for analysis. Compared with NTS group, patients in the TS group were more likely to have a history of trauma before PVP/PKP treatment. Univariate analyses of risk factors revealed pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes were significant factors for TS after PVP/PKP. Analyzing NTS, we found obesity, a history of preoperative trauma, urinary tract infection, diabetes and multiple surgical segments (≥2) were significantly associated with its occurrence following PVP/PKP treatment. Multivariate logistic analyses showed a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes were independent risk factors for TS after PVP/PKP, while diabetes and the number of surgically treated segments independently influenced NTS development. Conclusions A history of pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes were independent risk factors for TS. For NTS, diabetes and the number of surgically treated segments significantly influenced the occurrence of postoperative spinal infection. These data may be helpful for guiding risk stratification and preoperative prevention for patients, thereby reducing the incidence of vertebral osteomyelitis after PVP/PKP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo-Yv Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua-Qing Niu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-Hua Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhun Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Correspondence: Zhun Xu
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Suárez VM, Hernández IC, Ramos EH, Domínguez GD, Marrero YT, Pérez YD, Monteagudo AC, Pita AAMS, de Los Milagros Hernández Rego Y, Zamora MCR, Guerra LFH, Abraham CMM. Immunophenotypic characterization of B1a lymphocytes in Cuban older adults. Exp Gerontol 2022; 167:111900. [PMID: 35868536 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION B1a lymphocytes are characterized by having a high capacity for self-renewal and production of natural antibodies, in a T-independent manner. There are differences in both the number and composition of mature B lymphocytes throughout life, due to the phenomenon of immunosenescence. OBJECTIVE To characterize the immunophenotype of B1a lymphocytes in older Cuban adults with a simplified CD19CD20CD5 panel. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 institutionalized Cuban older adults. Characterization of CD19 + CD5+, CD20 + CD5+, and CD19 + CD20+ B lymphocytes in peripheral blood was performed by flow cytometry. For the reading and analysis of the biological samples, a flow cytometer, Beckman Coulter, Gallios, was used. A Microsoft Excel database was created with the information obtained. The sample was divided by sex and age. The data were processed using the statistical program GraphPadPrism version 6.00 using the percentage values and the median for the sample description. RESULTS The elderly aged 80 years and over showed a decrease in the absolute count of CD19 + CD20+ B lymphocytes, as well as in the percentage and absolute count of CD19 + CD5+ B lymphocytes. On the other hand, they presented higher absolute counts of CD20 + CD5+ lymphocytes in relation to those of the <80-year-old group. Women showed higher absolute counts of CD19 + CD5+, CD20 + CD5+, and CD19 + CD20+ B lymphocyte populations. CONCLUSIONS The immunophenotypic characterization of B1a lymphocytes in older Cuban adults is similar to that reported by other researchers. Both age and sex influence the absolute count of these cells, being higher in women under 80 years of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vianed Marsán Suárez
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Imilla Casado Hernández
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Elizabeth Hernández Ramos
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gabriela Díaz Domínguez
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yenisey Triana Marrero
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yaneisy Duarte Pérez
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Arturo Chang Monteagudo
- Department of Histocompatibility, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 between 8 and 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Ana Ana María Simón Pita
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 between 8 and 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - Yaquima de Los Milagros Hernández Rego
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 between 8 and 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | - Consuelo Milagros Macías Abraham
- Institute of Hematology and Immunology Institute "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 between 8 and 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba; Hematology and Immunology "José Manuel Ballester Santovenia", Calle 19 e/ 8 y 10, PO Box 8070, CP 10800 Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Samuel LJ, Hladek M, Tian J, Roberts Lavigne LC, LaFave SE, Szanton SL. Propensity score weighted associations between financial strain and subsequent inflammatory biomarkers of aging among a representative sample of U.S. older adults. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:467. [PMID: 35641938 PMCID: PMC9158352 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite known socioeconomic disparities in aging-related outcomes, the underlying physiologic mechanisms are understudied. This study applied propensity score weighting to estimate the effect of financial strain on inflammation-related aging biomarkers among a national sample of older adults. METHODS Financial strain severe enough to lack money for housing, utilities, medical/prescription bills or food was measured among 4,593 community-dwelling National Health and Aging Trends Study participants aged ≥ 65 years in 2016. Inverse probability propensity score weights were generated based on 2015 background characteristics, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, income to poverty ratio, education, occupation, home ownership, retirement, Sect. 8 housing, Medicaid, food/energy assistance, childhood health, marital status, and U.S. region. Sampling weights additionally accounted for study design and non-response. RESULTS In propensity score-weighted analyses adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, 2017 income to poverty ratio and education, those with 2016 financial strain had 15% higher IL-6 (p = 0.026) and 20% higher CRP levels (p = 0.002) in 2017 than those who were not strained, but did not differ with regard to hemoglobin A1c or CMV. In weighted comparisons, those with financial strain did not differ from those without with regard any 2015 background characteristics. CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the etiologic evidence suggesting that financial strain increases inflammatory biomarkers among older adults. Importantly, inflammation is likely a key physiologic pathway contributing to socioeconomic disparities. Therefore, research is needed to address financial strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Samuel
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Melissa Hladek
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Sarah E LaFave
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sarah L Szanton
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Al Saedi A, Kirk B, Iuliano S, Zanker J, Vogrin S, Jayaram L, Thomas S, Golding C, Navarro-Perez D, Marusic P, Leng S, Nanan R, Duque G. Effects of 3 months of multi-nutrient supplementation on the immune system and muscle and respiratory function of older adults in aged care (The Pomerium Study): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059075. [PMID: 35523505 PMCID: PMC9082724 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosenescence leads to increased morbidity and mortality associated with viral infections and weaker vaccine responses. This has been well documented for seasonal influenza and the current pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), which disproportionately impact older adults, particularly those in residential aged care facilities. Inadequate nutrient intakes associated with impaired immunity, respiratory and muscle function are likely to augment the effects of immunosenescence. In this study, we test whether the impact of inadequate nutrition can be reversed using multi-nutrient supplementation, consequently enhancing vaccine responses, reducing the risk of viral infections and improving respiratory and muscle function. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Pomerium Study is a 3-month, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial testing the effects of two daily servings of an oral multi-nutrient supplement (330 kcal, 20 g protein, 1.5 g calcium 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate monohydrate (CaHMB), 449 mg calcium, 500 IU vitamin D3 and 25 vitamins and minerals) on the immune system and muscle and respiratory function of older adults in aged care in Melbourne, Australia. 160 older adults (≥75 years old) will be recruited from aged care facilities and randomised to treatment (multi-nutrient supplement) or control (usual care). The primary outcome is a change in T-cell subsets CD8 + and CD28null counts at months 1 and 3. Secondary outcomes measured at baseline and month 3 are multiple markers of immunosenescence (also at 1 month), body composition (bioimpedance), handgrip strength (dynamometer), physical function (short physical performance battery), respiratory function (spirometry) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L). Incidence and complications of COVID-19 and/or viral infections (ie, hospitalisation, complications or death) will be recorded throughout the trial, including 3 months after supplementation is ceased. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by Melbourne Health Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref No. HREC/73985/MH-2021, ERM Ref No. RMH73985, Melbourne Health Site Ref No. 2021.115). Written informed consent will be obtained from participants. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and made available to key aged care stakeholders, including providers, residents, and government bodies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621000420842.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Saedi
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Kirk
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra Iuliano
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesse Zanker
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lata Jayaram
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shane Thomas
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christine Golding
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diana Navarro-Perez
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Petra Marusic
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean Leng
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodeling, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph Nanan
- Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yamada Y, Kobayashi T, Condo A, Sangarlangkarn A, Ko F, Taniguchi Y, Kojima G. Prevalence of Frailty and Prefrailty in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Aged 50 or Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac129. [PMID: 35415198 PMCID: PMC8995074 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With effective antiretroviral therapy, there is an emerging population of adults aged 50 years or older with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Frailty is an increasingly recognized clinical state of vulnerability associated with disability, hospitalization, and mortality. However, there is a paucity of large studies assessing its prevalence in people with HIV (PWH) aged 50 or older. Methods PubMed was systematically searched for studies published between January 2000 and August 2020 reporting the prevalence of frailty in PWH aged 50 or older. The pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis. Results Of the 425 studies identified, 26 studies were included in the analysis, with a total of 6584 PWH aged 50 or older. The included studies were published between 2012 and 2020, and all studies used the Fried frailty phenotype to define frailty. The overall pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was 10.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.1%-14.2%) and 47.2% (95% CI, 40.1%-54.4%), respectively. A high degree of heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 93.2%). In the subgroup analysis, HIV-related variables and other demographic variables were examined, and heterogeneity disappeared only in the group of a longer duration since HIV diagnosis (I2 = 0%). Conclusions The pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty defined by the Fried frailty phenotype was assessed in PWH aged 50 or older. Findings from this study quantified the proportion of this specific population with this common geriatric syndrome. Future studies identifying effective strategies for frailty screening and intervention are required for this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamada
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takaaki Kobayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Angela Condo
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Fred Ko
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Gotaro Kojima
- Department of Research, Dr. AGA Clinic, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zheng C, Meng J, Xiao X, Xie Y, Zhao D, Wang H. Polypharmacy, Medication-Related Burden and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in People Living with HIV Aged 50 and Above: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hunan, China. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:41-49. [PMID: 35027822 PMCID: PMC8752076 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s340621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE People living with HIV (PLWHIV) are susceptible to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) because of aging and infections. This means that the number of non-HIV medications increases, along with issues of polypharmacy and medication-related burden. The purpose of this study was to identify the current situation of polypharmacy and medication-related burden among PLWHIV aged 50 and above, as well as the relation between medication-related burden and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 185 participants recruited from two HIV clinics in Yuelu District Center for Disease Control (CDC) and Changsha First Hospital in Hunan, China. Participants filled questionnaires about comorbidities, polypharmacy, medication-related burden, ART adherence and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Among the participants, 40% were receiving polypharmacy, and PLWHIV, who were female (β = 5.946; 95% CI = 1.354, 10.541), had a lower monthly income (β = -4.777; 95% CI = -6.923, -2.632), and took more drugs (β = 2.200; 95% CI = 1.167, 3.233) were more likely to report a higher level of medication-related burden. The score of ART adherence was negatively associated with medication-related burden (rs = -0.250 p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the issues of polypharmacy and targeted interventions should be developed to reduce medication-related burden among older PLWHIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyuan Zheng
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueling Xiao
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Zhao
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghong Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Honghong Wang Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-731-82650270Fax +86-731-88710136 Email
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Osei-Yeboah R, Tamuhla T, Ngwenya O, Tiffin N. Accessing HIV care may lead to earlier ascertainment of comorbidities in health care clients in Khayelitsha, Cape Town. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 1:e0000031. [PMID: 36962101 PMCID: PMC10021146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Successful antiretroviral rollout in South Africa has greatly increased the health of the HIV-positive population, and morbidity and mortality in PLHIV can increasingly be attributed to comorbidities rather than HIV/AIDS directly. Understanding this disease burden can inform health care planning for a growing population of ageing PLHIV. Anonymized routine administrative health data were analysed for all adults who accessed public health care in 2016-2017 in Khayelitsha subdistrict (Cape Town, South Africa). Selected comorbidities and age of ascertainment for comorbidities were described for all HIV-positive and HIV-negative healthcare clients, as well as for a subset of women who accessed maternal care. There were 172 937 adult individuals with a median age of 37 (IQR:30-48) years in the virtual cohort, of whom 48% (83 162) were HIV-positive. Median age of ascertainment for each comorbidity was lower in HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative healthcare clients, except in the case of tuberculosis. A subset of women who previously accessed maternal care, however, showed much smaller differences in the median age of comorbidity ascertainment between the group of HIV-positive and HIV-negative health care clients, except in the case of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both HIV-positive individuals and women who link to maternal care undergo routine point-of-care screening for common diseases at younger ages, and this analysis suggests that this may lead to earlier diagnosis of common comorbidities in these groups. Exceptions include CKD, in which age of ascertainment appears lower in PLHIV than HIV-negative groups in all analyses suggesting that age of disease onset may indeed be earlier; and tuberculosis for which age of incidence has previously been shown to vary according to HIV status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Osei-Yeboah
- Division of Computational Biology, Integrative Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tsaone Tamuhla
- Division of Computational Biology, Integrative Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olina Ngwenya
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicki Tiffin
- Division of Computational Biology, Integrative Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yang Y, Deng H, He H, Fan SF, Li Y, Wu X, Li N, Xi J, Xu J, Xiao J, Liao RP, Xiao W. Lifetime commercial heterosexual behavior among HIV negative elderly men from rural Chengdu, China: a modified knowledge-attitude-practice perspective. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2095. [PMID: 34781900 PMCID: PMC8594087 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China is facing big challenges to achieve the “90–90-90 targets”. The HIV prevalence of elderly (≥50 years) men have been steadily increasing in China, mainly through the sexual transmission route, but sexual behaviors of them are far from well-studied. In 2019, elderly men accounted for 59.2% of HIV/AIDS cases in Sichuan, China. Methods The research design is a cross-sectional study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted among 795 HIV negative elderly men from rural Chengdu, capital City of Sichuan. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to examine factors associated with commercial heterosexual behavior from a modified Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) perspective. Results 129 (16.23%) respondents admitted high-risk sexual behaviors, including 11.07% commercial heterosexual behavior, 6.16% extramarital, 2.89% casual and 0.25% homosexual behavior, and no one used condom consistently. 427(68.43%) had ever gotten HIV-related Health Education (HRHE), mainly through mass media (70.49%). The HIV-related knowledge awareness rate was only 31.41%. Migration history (AOR =2.46,95% CI = 1.02–5.91), age(≥60 vs. 50–59, OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19–0.91), receiving HRHE from mass media (OR = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.16–0.85), marital status (married vs. never married, OR = 0.04, 95%CI = 0–0.52), and undecided (AOR =0.02, 95%CI = 0.01–0.09) and objection (AOR =0.04, 95%CI = 0.01–0.1) attitude toward commercial sex were related to lifetime commercial heterosexual behavior. Conclusions High-risk sexual behaviors are common among elderly men from rural areas in Chengdu. Receiving HRHE from mass media and undecided and objection attitude toward commercial sex prevent elderly from being involving in commercial heterosexual behavior. According to the results, health facilities should continue to conduct systematic interventions, paying more attention to 50–59 years old group. Sex and condom use need to be talked in public. Working with mass media, health facilities give elderly men education not only focusing on HIV/AIDS, but also on knowledge and skills of condom use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Administration, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Hua Deng
- Department of Urology, Chengdu Second Peoples' Hospital, 10 Qingyunnan Road, Chengdu, 610017, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, 555 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Feng Fan
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.4, Longxiang Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 331 Longta Road, Pengzhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 331 Longta Road, Pengzhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jing Xi
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.4, Longxiang Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Administration, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Administration, School of Administration, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Rui Ping Liao
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 331 Longta Road, Pengzhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of HIV/AIDS prevention, Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 331 Longta Road, Pengzhou District, Chengdu, 610000, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Merlini E, Tincati C, Sacchi V, Augello M, Bono V, Cannizzo ES, Allegrini M, Gazzola L, Monforte AD, Marconi AM, Ravizza M, Marchetti G. Predictors of low ovarian reserve in cART-treated women living with HIV. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27157. [PMID: 34596114 PMCID: PMC8483860 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian dysfunction and lower circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) feature women living with HIV (WLWH). Because treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by a pro-inflammatory/oxidative phenotype resulting in residual comorbidity, we sought to investigate possible associations between plasma AMH and markers of inflammation, immune activation/senescence/exhaustion, oxidative stress as well as comorbidities in a cohort of combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART)-treated WLWH versus age-matched HIV-uninfected, healthy women.Eighty WLWH on effective cART aged 25 to 50 years and 66 age-matched healthy women were enrolled. We measured: plasma AMH, IL-6, reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1) (ELISA); plasma tumor necrosis factor α, IL-10, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, osteopontin (Luminex); CD4/CD8 activation (CD38/CD69), apoptosis (CD95), exhaustion (PD1), maturation (CD45RA/CD45R0/CD127/CCR7), recent thymic emigrants (CD31/CD103) (flow cytometry). Mann Whitney and chi-squared tests were used. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with low AMH (≤1 ng/mL).Compared to healthy women, WLWH were more frequently non-Caucasian, drug/alcohol abusers, with history of late menarche, lower hormonal contraceptive use, with higher gravidity and lower parity. WLWH showed significantly lower AMH (P = .004) as well as higher ROMO1 (P = .0003) and tumor necrosis factor α (P < .0001). The multivariate analyses revealed ROMO1 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.42, P = .03) and HIV infection (AOR: 8.1, P = .0001) as independently associated with low AMH. The logistic regression model with both HIV status and ROMO1 (a marker of oxidative stress) confirmed HIV as the only predictor of low AMH (AOR: 17, P = .0003).Despite effective cART, WLWH showed lower AMH compared to age-matched peers, indicating pre-mature ovarian ageing. Both HIV and oxidative stress are independently associated with low AMH, emphasizing the impact of HIV-associated oxidative stress on reproductive aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Merlini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Gilead Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Tincati
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Sacchi
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Augello
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Bono
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Stefania Cannizzo
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Allegrini
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Gazzola
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella d’Arminio Monforte
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Marconi
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Ravizza
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Marchetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ligotti ME, Pojero F, Accardi G, Aiello A, Caruso C, Duro G, Candore G. Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, the Immunological Key Words of Severe COVID-19. Is There a Role for Stem Cell Transplantation? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725606. [PMID: 34595175 PMCID: PMC8477205 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcomes of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vary depending on the age, health status and sex of an individual, ranging from asymptomatic to lethal. From an immunologic viewpoint, the final severe lung damage observed in COVID-19 should be caused by cytokine storm, driven mainly by interleukin-6 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, which immunopathogenic status precedes this "cytokine storm" and why the male older population is more severely affected, are currently unanswered questions. The aging of the immune system, i.e., immunosenescence, closely associated with a low-grade inflammatory status called "inflammageing," should play a key role. The remodeling of both innate and adaptive immune response observed with aging can partly explain the age gradient in severity and mortality of COVID-19. This review discusses how aging impacts the immune response to the virus, focusing on possible strategies to rejuvenate the immune system with stem cell-based therapies. Indeed, due to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a worth-considering option against COVID-19 adverse outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- International Society on Aging and Disease, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Giovanni Duro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kojabad AA, Farzanehpour M, Galeh HEG, Dorostkar R, Jafarpour A, Bolandian M, Nodooshan MM. Droplet digital PCR of viral DNA/RNA, current progress, challenges, and future perspectives. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4182-4197. [PMID: 33538349 PMCID: PMC8013307 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput droplet-based digital PCR (ddPCR) is a refinement of the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. In ddPCR, DNA/RNA is encapsulated stochastically inside the microdroplets as reaction chambers. A small percentage of the reaction chamber contains one or fewer copies of the DNA or RNA. After PCR amplification, concentrations are determined based on the proportion of nonfluorescent partitions through the Poisson distribution. Some of the main features of ddPCR include high sensitivity and specificity, absolute quantification without a standard curve, high reproducibility, good tolerance to PCR inhibitor, and high efficacy compared to conventional molecular methods. These advantages make ddPCR a valuable addition to the virologist's toolbox. The following review outlines the recent technological advances in ddPCR methods and their applications in viral identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asri Kojabad
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahdieh Farzanehpour
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Ruhollah Dorostkar
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ali Jafarpour
- Research Center for Clinical VirologyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh Bolandian
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma R, He J, Xu B, Zhao R, Zhang Q. Negative correlation between bone mineral density and subclinical fractures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520980639. [PMID: 33528283 PMCID: PMC7871090 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520980639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an increased risk of fracture, few studies have assessed fracture rates in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods The occurrence of subclinical fractures in patients with HIV was assessed. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between subclinical fractures and related factors. Results Fifty patients with HIV were included, among whom 11 were diagnosed with subclinical fractures. These 11 patients had a mean body mass index of 24.127 ± 3.482 kg/m2, smoked a mean of 142.091 ± 3.482 cigarettes/month, drank a mean of 61.545 ± 13.026 mL/day of alcohol, had a mean CD4+ T cell count of 247.727 ± 181.679 cells/mm3, had a mean duration of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) of 4.27 ± 0.786 years, and had a mean BMD of the third lumbar spine of 0.810 ± 0.063 g/cm3. The AIDS duration and BMD of the third lumbar spine were significantly associated with subclinical fractures. The BMD of the third lumbar spine was negatively correlated with subclinical fractures. Conclusion A significant negative correlation was found between the BMD of the third lumbar spine and subclinical fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Qiang Zhang, Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Jingshun Dong Jie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cell type-specific biogenesis of novel vesicles containing viral products in human cytomegalovirus infection. J Virol 2021; 95:JVI.02358-20. [PMID: 33762413 PMCID: PMC8139684 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02358-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), while highly restricted for the human species, infects an diverse array of cell types in the host. Patterns of infection are dictated by the cell type infected, but cell type-specific factors and how they impact tropism for specific cell types is poorly understood. Previous studies in primary endothelial cells showed that HCMV infection induces large multivesicular-like bodies (MVBs) that incorporate viral products, including dense bodies (DBs) and virions. Here we define the nature of these large vesicles using a recombinant virus where UL32, encoding the pp150 tegument protein, is fused in frame with green fluorescent protein (GFP, TB40/E-UL32-GFP). In fibroblasts, UL32-GFP-positive vesicles were marked with classical markers of MVBs, including CD63 and lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), both classical MVB markers, as well as the clathrin and LAMP1. Unexpectedly, UL32-GFP-positive vesicles in primary human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were not labeled by CD63, and LBPA was completely lost from infected cells. We defined these UL32-positive vesicles in endothelial cells using markers for the cis-Golgi (GM130), lysosome (LAMP1), and autophagy (LC3B). These findings suggest that UL32-GFP containing MVBs in fibroblasts are derived from the canonical endocytic pathway and takeover classical exosomal release pathway. However, UL32-GFP containing MVBs in HMVECs are derived from the early biosynthetic pathway and exploit a less characterized early Golgi-LAMP1-associated non- canonical secretory autophagy pathway. These results reveal striking cell-type specific membrane trafficking differences in host pathways that are exploited by HCMV, which may reflect distinct pathways for virus egress.ImportanceHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that, like all herpesvirus, that establishes a life-long infection. HCMV remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised and HCMV seropositivity is associated with age-related pathology. HCMV infects many cells in the human host and the biology underlying the different patterns of infection in different cell types is poorly understood. Endothelial cells are important target of infection that contribute to hematogenous spread of the virus to tissues. Here we define striking differences in the biogenesis of large vesicles that incorporate virions in fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In fibroblasts, HCMV is incorporated into canonical MVBs derived from an endocytic pathway, whereas HCMV matures through vesicles derived from the biosynthetic pathway in endothelial cells. This work defines basic biological differences between these cell types that may impact how progeny virus is trafficked out of infected cells.
Collapse
|
26
|
Montaño-Castellón I, Zeballos D, Gutiérrez-Peredo G, Netto E, Brites C. High Prevalence of Frailty and Prefrailty Status in Brazilian Patients Living with HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2021; 37:335-342. [PMID: 33353458 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is associated with an increased probability of serious adverse health outcomes in the geriatric general population. People living with HIV have a higher prevalence of frailty. However, the magnitude of this problem in younger patients in South America is unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with frailty. This is a cross-sectional study from the Brazilian cohort HIV-AIDS (CoBRA) developed between March and November of 2018, on patients ≥18 years of age. Frailty phenotype was assessed by original Fried criteria. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while identification of factors related to frailty was assessed by using multivariate logistic regression. We enrolled 231 patients; all, but 2 were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Median age was 45.6 interquartile range (36.7-52.1) years, 136 (58.9%) were male, and 86.7% self-identified as non-white. Mean CD4 count was 660 (±345) cells/mm3 and 83.5% had undetectable HIV plasma viral load (<50 copies/mL). Prevalence of frailty and prefrailty was 10.4% and 52.4%, respectively. A CD4 count <200 cells/mm3, depression, low income, and use of third-line ART were variables significantly associated with a greater risk to present frail or prefrail status. Frailty prevalence increases with age and is an important health problem to health care in HIV aging patients. It requires proper strategies to its early detection, prevention, and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Montaño-Castellón
- Post-graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- LAPI—Research Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Diana Zeballos
- Post-graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Gutiérrez-Peredo
- Post-graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Netto
- Post-graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- LAPI—Research Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Brites
- Post-graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- LAPI—Research Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, School of Medicine, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sauce D, Pourcher V, Ferry T, Boddaert J, Slama L, Allavena C. Immune activation and chronic inflammation: Is there an additional effect of HIV in a geriatric population? Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25678. [PMID: 33907138 PMCID: PMC8084076 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT HIV infection has become a chronic disease, with a lower mortality, but a consequent increase in age-related noninfectious comorbidities. Metabolic disorders have been linked to the effect of cART as well to the effects of immune activation and chronic inflammation. Whereas it is known that aging is intrinsically associated with hyperinflammation and immune system deterioration, the relative impact of chronic HIV infection on such inflammatory and immune activation has not yet been studied focusing on an elderly HIV-infected population.The objectives of the study were to assess 29 blood markers of immune activation and inflammation using an ultrasensitive technique, in HIV-infected patients aged ≥75 years with no or 1 comorbidity (among hypertension, renal disease, neoplasia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, stroke, dyslipidemia, and osteoporosis), in comparison with age-adjusted HIV-uninfected individuals to identify whether biomarkers were associated with comorbidities. Wilcoxon nonparametric tests were used to compare the levels of each marker between control and HIV groups; logistic regression to identify biomarkers associated to comorbidity in the HIV group and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine clusters associated with a group or a specific comorbidity.A total of 111 HIV-infected subjects were included from the Dat'AIDS cohort and compared to 63 HIV-uninfected controls. In the HIV-infected group, 4 biomarkers were associated with the risk of developing a comorbidity: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), neurofilament light chain (NF-L), neopterin, and soluble CD14. Six biomarkers (interleukin [IL]-1B, IL-7, IL-18, neopterin, sCD14, and fatty acid-binding protein) were significantly higher in the HIV-infected group compared to the control group, 11 biomarkers (myeloperoxydase, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, interferon-gamma, MCP-1, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2, IL-22, ultra sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, IL-6, and NF-L) were lower. Despite those differences, PCA to determine clusters associated with a group or a specific comorbidity did not reveal clustering nor between healthy control and HIV-infected patients neither between the presence of comorbidity within HIV-infected group.In this highly selected geriatric HIV population, HIV infection does not seem to have an additional impact on age-related inflammation and immune disorder. Close monitoring could have led to optimize prevention and treatment of comorbidities, and have limited both immune activation and inflammation in the aging HIV population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Sauce
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris)
| | - Valérie Pourcher
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sorbonne Université, Paris
| | - Tristan Ferry
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, CIRILyon
| | | | - Laurence Slama
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Infectious Diseases Hotel Dieu Hospital, Paris
| | - Clotilde Allavena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hôtel Dieu CHU Nantes, INSERM UIC 1413, CHU Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Goldeck D, Adriaensen W, Oettinger L, Vaes B, van Pottelbergh G, Degryse JM, Hamprecht K, Matheï C, Pawelec G. Cellular Immune Phenotypes and Worsening Scores of Frailty-Associated Parameters Over an 18-Month Period in the Very Old. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1356-1361. [PMID: 33780527 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty has been related to inflammaging and certain immune parameters. In previous analyses of participants older than 80 years of age in the longitudinal BELFRAIL cohort study, the main focus was on T-cell phenotypes and the association with cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus and survival, finding that a CD4:CD8 ratio greater than 5 was associated with frailty, impaired activities of daily living (ADLs), and mortality (but only in women). Here, we phenotyped peripheral blood immune cells via multicolor flow cytometry and correlated these with the dynamics of changes in ADL, geriatric depression score, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Short Physical Performance Battery from baseline values over 18 months follow-up. We found that higher frequencies of B cells and late-differentiated CD8+ T cells at 18 months from baseline were associated with ADL impairment that had worsened over the preceding 18 months. There were no significant associations with monocyte, dendritic cell, or natural killer (NK) cell phenotypes. No associations with the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Mini-Mental State Examination, or the Short Physical Performance Battery were found. Thus, while these results do not establish causality, they suggest that certain adaptive immune, but not innate immune, parameters are associated with a worsened ADL in the very old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wim Adriaensen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lilly Oettinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Section for Dementia Research, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bert Vaes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven (KUL), Belgium
| | | | | | - Klaus Hamprecht
- Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Disease, University Hospital, Eberhard-Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Catharina Matheï
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven (KUL), Belgium
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Germany.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alomar FA, Tian C, Dash PK, McMillan JM, Gendelman HE, Gorantla S, Bidasee KR. Efavirenz, atazanavir, and ritonavir disrupt sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ homeostasis in skeletal muscles. Antiviral Res 2021; 187:104975. [PMID: 33450312 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
While muscle fatigue, pain and weakness are common co-morbidities in HIV-1 infected people, their underlying cause remain poorly defined. To this end, we evaluated whether the common antiretroviral drugs efavirenz (EFV), atazanavir (ATV) and ritonavir (RTV) could be a contributing factor by pertubating sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling. In live-cell imaging, EFV (6.0 μM), ATV (6.0 μM), and RTV (3.0 μM) elicited Ca2+ transients and blebbing of the plasma membranes of C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes. Pretreating C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes with the SR Ca2+ release channel blocker ryanodine (50 μM), slowed the rate and amplitude of Ca2+ release from and reuptake of Ca2+ into the SR. EFV, ATV and RTV (1 nM - 20 μM) potentiated and then displaced [3H] ryanodine binding to rabbit skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release channel (RyR1). These drugs at concentrations 0.25-31.2 μM also increased and or decreased the open probability of RyR1 by altering its gating and conductance. ATV (≤5 μM) potentiated and >5μM inhibited the ability of sarco (endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA1) to hydrolyze ATP and transport Ca2+. RTV (2.5-31.5 μM) dose-dependently inhibited SERCA1-mediated, ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport. EFV (0.25-31.5 μM) had no measurable effect on SERCA1's ability to hydrolyze ATP and transport Ca2+. These data support the notion that EFV, ATV and RTV could be contributing to skeletal muscle co-morbidities in PLWH by modulating SR Ca2+ homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadhel A Alomar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengju Tian
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, USA
| | - Prasanta K Dash
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, USA
| | - JoEllyn M McMillan
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, USA; Environment and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | | | - Santhi Gorantla
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, USA
| | - Keshore R Bidasee
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, USA; Environment and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Nebraska Redox Biology Center, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Blanco JR, Negredo E, Bernal E, Blanco J. Impact of HIV infection on aging and immune status. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 19:719-731. [PMID: 33167724 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1848546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), persons living with HIV (PLWH), have a longer life expectancy. However, immune activation and inflammation remain elevated, even after viral suppression, and contribute to morbidity and mortality in these individuals.Areas covered: We review aspects related to immune activation and inflammation in PLWH, their consequences, and the potential strategies to reduce immune activation in HIV-infected individuals on ART.Expert opinion: When addressing a problem, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the topic. This is the main limitation faced when dealing with immune activation and inflammation in PLWH since there is no consensus on the ideal markers to evaluate immune activation or inflammation. To date, the different interventions that have addressed this problem by targeting specific mediators have not been able to significantly reduce immune activation or its consequences. Given that there is currently no curative intervention for HIV infection, more studies are necessary to understand the mechanism underlying immune activation and help to identify potential therapeutic targets that contribute to improving the life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Ramon Blanco
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario San Pedro- Centro De Investigación Biomédica De La Rioja (CIBIR), La Rioja, Spain
| | - Eugenia Negredo
- Lluita Contra La Sida Foundation, Germans Trias I Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (Uvic - UCC), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Enrique Bernal
- Unidad De Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juliá Blanco
- AIDS Research Institute-IrsiCaixa, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat De Vic-Central De Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable biological phenomenon displayed by single cells and organs to entire organismal systems. Aging as a biological process is characterized as a progressive decline in intrinsic biological function. Understanding the causative mechanisms of aging has always captured the imagination of researchers since time immemorial. Although both biological and chronological aging are well defined and studied in terms of genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle predispositions, the hallmarks of aging in terms of small molecules (i.e., endogenous metabolites to chemical exposures) are limited to obscure. On top of the endogenous metabolites leading to the onset and progression of healthy aging, human beings are constantly exposed to a natural and anthropogenic "chemical" environment round the clock, from conception till death, affecting one's physiology, health and well-being, and disease predisposition. The research community has started gaining sizeable insights into deciphering the aging factors such as immunosenescence, nutrition, frailty, inflamm-aging, and diseases till date, without much input from their interaction with exogenous chemical exposures. The "exposome" around us, mostly, accelerates the process of aging by affecting the internal biological pathways and signaling mechanisms that result in the deterioration of human health. However, the entirety of exposome on human aging is far from established. This review intends to catalog the known and established associations of the exposome from past studies focusing on aging in humans and other model organisms. Further discussed are the current technologies and informatics tools that enable the study of aging exposotypes, and thus, provide a window of opportunities and challenges to study the "aging exposome" in granular details.
Collapse
|
32
|
CRELD1 modulates homeostasis of the immune system in mice and humans. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:1517-1527. [PMID: 33169013 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CRELD1 is a pivotal factor for heart development, the function of which is unknown in adult life. We here provide evidence that CRELD1 is an important gatekeeper of immune system homeostasis. Exploiting expression variance in large human cohorts contrasting individuals with the lowest and highest CRELD1 expression levels revealed strong phenotypic, functional and transcriptional differences, including reduced CD4+ T cell numbers. These findings were validated in T cell-specific Creld1-deficient mice. Loss of Creld1 was associated with simultaneous overactivation and increased apoptosis, resulting in a net loss of T cells with age. Creld1 was transcriptionally and functionally linked to Wnt signaling. Collectively, gene expression variance in large human cohorts combined with murine genetic models, transcriptomics and functional testing defines CRELD1 as an important modulator of immune homeostasis.
Collapse
|
33
|
Thompson C, Taleban S. Incorporating Frailty in the Treatment Program of Elderly Patients with Gastrointestinal Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11938-020-00310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
34
|
Sil S, Niu F, Chivero ET, Singh S, Periyasamy P, Buch S. Role of Inflammasomes in HIV-1 and Drug Abuse Mediated Neuroinflammaging. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081857. [PMID: 32784383 PMCID: PMC7464640 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in suppressing virus replication, chronic inflammation remains one of the cardinal features intersecting HIV-1, cART, drug abuse, and likely contributes to the accelerated neurocognitive decline and aging in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) that abuse drugs. It is also estimated that ~30–60% of PLWH on cART develop cognitive deficits associated with HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), with symptomatology ranging from asymptomatic to mild, neurocognitive impairments. Adding further complexity to HAND is the comorbidity of drug abuse in PLWH involving activated immune responses and the release of neurotoxins, which, in turn, mediate neuroinflammation. Premature or accelerated aging is another feature of drug abusing PLWH on cART regimes. Emerging studies implicate the role of HIV-1/HIV-1 proteins, cART, and abused drugs in altering the inflammasome signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) cells. It is thus likely that exposure of these cells to HIV-1/HIV-1 proteins, cART, and/or abused drugs could have synergistic/additive effects on the activation of inflammasomes, in turn, leading to exacerbated neuroinflammation, ultimately resulting in premature aging referred to as “inflammaging” In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of inflammasome activation, neuroinflammation, and aging in central nervous system (CNS) cells such as microglia, astrocytes, and neurons in the context of HIV-1 and drug abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shilpa Buch
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (S.B.); Tel.: +1-402-559-3165 (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Piggott DA, Tuddenham S. The gut microbiome and frailty. Transl Res 2020; 221:23-43. [PMID: 32360945 PMCID: PMC8487348 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human microbiome is constituted by an extensive network of organisms that lie at the host/environment interface and transduce signals that play vital roles in human health and disease across the lifespan. Frailty is a critical aging-related syndrome marked by diminished physiological reserve and heightened vulnerability to stress, predictive of major adverse clinical outcomes including death. While recent studies suggest the microbiome may impact key pathways critical to frailty pathophysiology, direct evaluation of the microbiome-frailty relationship remains limited. In this article, we review the complex interplay of biological, behavioral, and environmental factors that may influence shifts in gut microbiome composition and function in aging populations and the putative implications of such shifts for progression to frailty. We discuss HIV infection as a key prototype for elucidating the complex pathways via which the microbiome may precipitate frailty. Finally, we review considerations for future research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damani A Piggott
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Susan Tuddenham
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
A male bias in mortality has emerged in the COVID-19 pandemic, which is consistent with the pathogenesis of other viral infections. Biological sex differences may manifest themselves in susceptibility to infection, early pathogenesis, innate viral control, adaptive immune responses or the balance of inflammation and tissue repair in the resolution of infection. We discuss available sex-disaggregated epidemiological data from the COVID-19 pandemic, introduce sex-differential features of immunity and highlight potential sex differences underlying COVID-19 severity. We propose that sex differences in immunopathogenesis will inform mechanisms of COVID-19, identify points for therapeutic intervention and improve vaccine design and increase vaccine efficacy. Why are males more susceptible to severe COVID-19 than females? In this Perspective, Sabra Klein and colleagues consider the sex differences in the immune system that may contribute to this sex bias.
Collapse
|
37
|
Gebhard C, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Neuhauser HK, Morgan R, Klein SL. Impact of sex and gender on COVID-19 outcomes in Europe. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:29. [PMID: 32450906 PMCID: PMC7247289 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 670] [Impact Index Per Article: 167.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence from China suggests that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is deadlier for infected men than women with a 2.8% fatality rate being reported in Chinese men versus 1.7% in women. Further, sex-disaggregated data for COVID-19 in several European countries show a similar number of cases between the sexes, but more severe outcomes in aged men. Case fatality is highest in men with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. The mechanisms accounting for the reduced case fatality rate in women are currently unclear but may offer potential to develop novel risk stratification tools and therapeutic options for women and men. CONTENT The present review summarizes latest clinical and epidemiological evidence for gender and sex differences in COVID-19 from Europe and China. We discuss potential sex-specific mechanisms modulating the course of disease, such as hormone-regulated expression of genes encoding for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) entry receptors angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 receptor and TMPRSS2 as well as sex hormone-driven innate and adaptive immune responses and immunoaging. Finally, we elucidate the impact of gender-specific lifestyle, health behavior, psychological stress, and socioeconomic conditions on COVID-19 and discuss sex specific aspects of antiviral therapies. CONCLUSION The sex and gender disparities observed in COVID-19 vulnerability emphasize the need to better understand the impact of sex and gender on incidence and case fatality of the disease and to tailor treatment according to sex and gender. The ongoing and planned prophylactic and therapeutic treatment studies must include prospective sex- and gender-sensitive analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Gebhard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannelore K Neuhauser
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rosemary Morgan
- Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sabra L Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li X, Leng SX. Influenza immunization among Chinese seniors: Urgent calling for improving vaccination coverage, education, and research. Aging Med (Milton) 2020; 3:12-15. [PMID: 32232187 PMCID: PMC7099750 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Geriatrics The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Sean X Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| |
Collapse
|