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Setiawan T, Sari IN, Wijaya YT, Julianto NM, Muhammad JA, Lee H, Chae JH, Kwon HY. Cancer cachexia: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 37217930 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is a consequence of physiological changes or a pathology characterized by increased catabolic activity that leads to progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Numerous diseases, including cancer, organ failure, infection, and aging-associated diseases, are associated with muscle wasting. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, with or without the loss of fat mass, resulting in functional impairment and reduced quality of life. It is caused by the upregulation of systemic inflammation and catabolic stimuli, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis and enhancement of muscle catabolism. Here, we summarize the complex molecular networks that regulate muscle mass and function. Moreover, we describe complex multi-organ roles in cancer cachexia. Although cachexia is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths, there are still no approved drugs for cancer cachexia. Thus, we compiled recent ongoing pre-clinical and clinical trials and further discussed potential therapeutic approaches for cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Setiawan
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Ita Novita Sari
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yoseph Toni Wijaya
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Nadya Marcelina Julianto
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jabir Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Lee
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Heon Chae
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyog Young Kwon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea.
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-Si, 31151, Republic of Korea.
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Michelucci A, Liang C, Protasi F, Dirksen RT. Altered Ca 2+ Handling and Oxidative Stress Underlie Mitochondrial Damage and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Aging and Disease. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070424. [PMID: 34203260 PMCID: PMC8304741 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contraction relies on both high-fidelity calcium (Ca2+) signals and robust capacity for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Ca2+ release units (CRUs) are highly organized junctions between the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the transverse tubule (T-tubule). CRUs provide the structural framework for rapid elevations in myoplasmic Ca2+ during excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, the process whereby depolarization of the T-tubule membrane triggers SR Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor-1 (RyR1) channels. Under conditions of local or global depletion of SR Ca2+ stores, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) provides an additional source of Ca2+ that originates from the extracellular space. In addition to Ca2+, skeletal muscle also requires ATP to both produce force and to replenish SR Ca2+ stores. Mitochondria are the principal intracellular organelles responsible for ATP production via aerobic respiration. This review provides a broad overview of the literature supporting a role for impaired Ca2+ handling, dysfunctional Ca2+-dependent production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), and structural/functional alterations in CRUs and mitochondria in the loss of muscle mass, reduction in muscle contractility, and increase in muscle damage in sarcopenia and a wide range of muscle disorders including muscular dystrophy, rhabdomyolysis, central core disease, and disuse atrophy. Understanding the impact of these processes on normal muscle function will provide important insights into potential therapeutic targets designed to prevent or reverse muscle dysfunction during aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Michelucci
- DNICS, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.L.); (R.T.D.)
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Robert T. Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.L.); (R.T.D.)
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3
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Kasprzak A. The Role of Tumor Microenvironment Cells in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Cachexia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041565. [PMID: 33557173 PMCID: PMC7913937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial syndrome in patients with advanced cancer characterized by weight loss via skeletal-muscle and adipose-tissue atrophy, catabolic activity, and systemic inflammation. CC is correlated with functional impairment, reduced therapeutic responsiveness, and poor prognosis, and is a major cause of death in cancer patients. In colorectal cancer (CRC), cachexia affects around 50–61% of patients, but remains overlooked, understudied, and uncured. The mechanisms driving CC are not fully understood but are related, at least in part, to the local and systemic immune response to the tumor. Accumulating evidence demonstrates a significant role of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils, and fibroblasts) in both cancer progression and tumor-induced cachexia, through the production of multiple procachectic factors. The most important role in CRC-associated cachexia is played by pro-inflammatory cytokines, including the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), originally known as cachectin, Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and certain chemokines (e.g., IL-8). Heterogeneous CRC cells themselves also produce numerous cytokines (including chemokines), as well as novel factors called “cachexokines”. The tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to systemic inflammation and increased oxidative stress and fibrosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of TME cellular components in CRC-associated cachexia, as well as discusses the potential role of selected mediators secreted by colorectal cancer cells in cooperation with tumor-associated immune and non-immune cells of tumor microenvironment in inducing or potentiating cancer cachexia. This knowledge serves to aid the understanding of the mechanisms of this process, as well as prevent its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Medical Sciences, Święcicki Street 6, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
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4
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Freitas RDS, Muradás TC, Dagnino APA, Rost FL, Costa KM, Venturin GT, Greggio S, da Costa JC, Campos MM. Targeting FFA1 and FFA4 receptors in cancer-induced cachexia. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E877-E892. [PMID: 32893672 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00509.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Free fatty acid (FFA) receptors FFA1 and FFA4 are omega-3 molecular targets in metabolic diseases; however, their function in cancer cachexia remains unraveled. We assessed the role of FFA1 and FFA4 receptors in the mouse model of cachexia induced by Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell implantation. Naturally occurring ligands such as α-linolenic acid (ALA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the synthetic FFA1/FFA4 agonists GW9508 and TUG891, or the selective FFA1 GW1100 or FFA4 AH7614 antagonists were tested. FFA1 and FFA4 expression and other cachexia-related parameters were evaluated. GW9508 and TUG891 decreased tumor weight in LLC-bearing mice. Regarding cachexia-related end points, ALA, DHA, and the preferential FFA1 agonist GW9508 rescued body weight loss. Skeletal muscle mass was reestablished by ALA treatment, but this was not reflected in the fiber cross-sectional areas (CSA) measurement. Otherwise, TUG891, GW1100, or AH7614 reduced the muscle fiber CSA. Treatments with ALA, GW9508, GW1100, or AH7614 restored white adipose tissue (WAT) depletion. As for inflammatory outcomes, ALA improved anemia, whereas GW9508 reduced splenomegaly. Concerning behavioral impairments, ALA and GW9508 rescued locomotor activity, whereas ALA improved motor coordination. Additionally, DHA improved grip strength. Notably, GW9508 restored abnormal brain glucose metabolism in different brain regions. The GW9508 treatment increased leptin levels, without altering uncoupling protein-1 downregulation in visceral fat. LLC-cachectic mice displayed FFA1 upregulation in subcutaneous fat, but not in visceral fat or gastrocnemius muscle, whereas FFA4 was unaltered. Overall, the present study shed new light on FFA1 and FFA4 receptors' role in metabolic disorders, indicating FFA1 receptor agonism as a promising strategy in mitigating cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel D S Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thaís C Muradás
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula A Dagnino
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L Rost
- Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kesiane M Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gianina T Venturin
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul (Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul - BraIns), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Samuel Greggio
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul (Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul - BraIns), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaderson C da Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul (Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul - BraIns), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria M Campos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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5
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Yang W, Huang J, Wu H, Wang Y, Du Z, Ling Y, Wang W, Wu Q, Gao W. Molecular mechanisms of cancer cachexia‑induced muscle atrophy (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4967-4980. [PMID: 33174001 PMCID: PMC7646947 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy is a severe clinical problem involving the loss of muscle mass and strength that frequently accompanies the development of numerous types of cancer, including pancreatic, lung and gastric cancers. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by a continuous decline in skeletal muscle mass that cannot be reversed by conventional nutritional therapy. The pathophysiological characteristic of cancer cachexia is a negative protein and energy balance caused by a combination of factors, including reduced food intake and metabolic abnormalities. Numerous necessary cellular processes are disrupted by the presence of abnormal metabolites, which mediate several intracellular signaling pathways and result in the net loss of cytoplasm and organelles in atrophic skeletal muscle during various states of cancer cachexia. Currently, the clinical morbidity and mortality rates of patients with cancer cachexia are high. Once a patient enters the cachexia phase, the consequences are difficult to reverse and the treatment methods for cancer cachexia are very limited. The present review aimed to summarize the recent discoveries regarding the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy and provided novel ideas for the comprehensive treatment to improve the prognosis of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Huang
- Department of Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyin Du
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Ling
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Weizhuo Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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6
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Yin N, Gao Q, Tao W, Chen J, Bi J, Ding F, Wang Z. Paeoniflorin relieves LPS-induced inflammatory pain in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:229-241. [PMID: 32083340 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0220-355r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LPS has been widely used to induce inflammatory pain, attributing to production of inflammatory cytokines and sensitization of nociceptors. Paeoniflorin (PF) possesses anti-nociceptive property, but its effect on LPS-induced inflammatory pain has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of PF on an inflammatory pain mouse model and explore the underlying mechanisms. LPS-induced inflammatory pain model was established in C57BL/6J mice after PF treatment. Then, thermal hyperalgesia, neutrophil infiltration, inflammatory cytokine production, intracellular Ca2+ levels, PKC activity, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV-1) expression, NF-κB transcription, and NLPR3 inflammasome activation were assessed by thermal withdrawal latency, histopathology, ELISA, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot, separately. PF significantly relieved inflammatory pain and paw edema in mice with LPS-induced inflammatory pain. Additionally, PF inhibited neutrophil infiltration, inflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6), intracellular Ca2+ levels, and PKC activity as well as suppressed TRPV-1 expression, NF-κB transcription, and NLPR3 inflammasome activation in the footpad tissue samples. Importantly, capsaicin (TRPV-1 agonists) obviously reversed the pain-relieving effect of PF, suggesting the involvement of TRPV-1 in the analgesic activity of PF. Our results indicated PF ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation and pain in mice by inhibiting TRPV-1-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These findings suggest that PF can be as a potential pharmacological agent for inflammatory pain and thus deserves more attention and further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Yin
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting Tao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengmin Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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7
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Kretschmar C, Peña-Oyarzun D, Hernando C, Hernández-Moya N, Molina-Berríos A, Hernández-Cáceres MP, Lavandero S, Budini M, Morselli E, Parra V, Troncoso R, Criollo A. Polycystin-2 Is Required for Starvation- and Rapamycin-Induced Atrophy in Myotubes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:280. [PMID: 31133985 PMCID: PMC6517509 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy involves a massive catabolism of intracellular components leading to a significant reduction in cellular and tissue volume. In this regard, autophagy, an intracellular mechanism that degrades proteins and organelles, has been implicated with muscle breakdown. Recently, it has shown that polycystin-2 (PC2), a membrane protein that belongs to the transient receptor potential (TRP) family, is required for the maintenance of cellular proteostasis, by regulating autophagy in several cell types. The role of PC2 in the control of atrophy and autophagy in skeletal muscle remains unknown. Here, we show that PC2 is required for the induction of atrophy in C2C12 myotubes caused by nutrient deprivation or rapamycin exposure. Consistently, overexpression of PC2 induces atrophy in C2C12 myotubes as indicated by decreasing of the myogenic proteins myogenin and caveolin-3. In addition, we show that inhibition of mTORC1, by starvation or rapamycin is inhibited in cells when PC2 is silenced. Importantly, even if PC2 regulates mTORC1, our results show that the regulation of atrophy by PC2 is independent of autophagy. This study provides novel evidence regarding the role of PC2 in skeletal muscle cell atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Kretschmar
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Peña-Oyarzun
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hernando
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nadia Hernández-Moya
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Molina-Berríos
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Hernández-Cáceres
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Mauricio Budini
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Actividad Física, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Rodrigo Troncoso
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas and Facultad Medicina, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center, Santiago, Chile
- Alfredo Criollo
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8
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Kim N, Lee JO, Lee HJ, Lee YW, Kim HI, Kim SJ, Park SH, Lee CS, Ryoo SW, Hwang GS, Kim HS. AMPK, a metabolic sensor, is involved in isoeugenol-induced glucose uptake in muscle cells. J Endocrinol 2016; 228:105-14. [PMID: 26585419 PMCID: PMC4705517 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Isoeugenol exerts various beneficial effects on human health. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. In this study, we observed that isoeugenol activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increased glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Isoeugenol-induced increase in intracellular calcium concentration and glucose uptake was inhibited by STO-609, an inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK). Isoeugenol also increased the phosphorylation of protein kinase C-α (PKCα). Chelation of calcium with BAPTA-AM blocked isoeugenol-induced AMPK phosphorylation and glucose uptake. Isoeugenol stimulated p38MAPK phosphorylation that was inhibited after pretreatment with compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. Isoeugenol also increased glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression and its translocation to the plasma membrane. GLUT4 translocation was not observed after the inhibition of AMPK and CaMKK. In addition, isoeugenol activated the Akt substrate 160 (AS160) pathway, which is downstream of the p38MAPK pathway. Knockdown of the gene encoding AS160 inhibited isoeugenol-induced glucose uptake. Together, these results indicate that isoeugenol exerts beneficial health effects by activating the AMPK/p38MAPK/AS160 pathways in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Woo Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung Ip Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Park
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Su Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Woo Ryoo
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul 136-701, South KoreaDepartment of MedicineKorea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaIntegrated Metabolomics Research GroupKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Western Seoul Center, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Life ScienceEwha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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9
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de Matos-Neto EM, Lima JDCC, de Pereira WO, Figuerêdo RG, Riccardi DMDR, Radloff K, das Neves RX, Camargo RG, Maximiano LF, Tokeshi F, Otoch JP, Goldszmid R, Câmara NOS, Trinchieri G, de Alcântara PSM, Seelaender M. Systemic Inflammation in Cachexia - Is Tumor Cytokine Expression Profile the Culprit? Front Immunol 2015; 6:629. [PMID: 26732354 PMCID: PMC4689790 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cachexia affects about 80% of gastrointestinal cancer patients. This multifactorial syndrome resulting in involuntary and continuous weight loss is accompanied by systemic inflammation and immune cell infiltration in various tissues. Understanding the interactions among tumor, immune cells, and peripheral tissues could help attenuating systemic inflammation. Therefore, we investigated inflammation in the subcutaneous adipose tissue and in the tumor, in weight stable and cachectic cancer patients with same diagnosis, in order to establish correlations between tumor microenvironment and secretory pattern with adipose tissue and systemic inflammation. Infiltrating monocyte phenotypes of subcutaneous and tumor vascular-stromal fraction were identified by flow cytometry. Gene and protein expression of inflammatory and chemotactic factors was measured with qRT-PCR and Multiplex Magpix(®) system, respectively. Subcutaneous vascular-stromal fraction exhibited no differences in regard to macrophage subtypes, while in the tumor, the percentage of M2 macrophages was decreased in the cachectic patients, in comparison to weight-stable counterparts. CCL3, CCL4, and IL-1β expression was higher in the adipose tissue and tumor tissue in the cachectic group. In both tissues, chemotactic factors were positively correlated with IL-1β. Furthermore, positive correlations were found for the content of chemoattractants and cytokines in the tumor and adipose tissue. The results strongly suggest that the crosstalk between the tumor and peripheral tissues is more pronounced in cachectic patients, compared to weight-stable patients with the same tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emidio M de Matos-Neto
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Joanna D C C Lima
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Welbert O de Pereira
- Israelite Albert Einstein Institute, Israelite Albert Einstein Hospital , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Raquel G Figuerêdo
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Daniela M Dos R Riccardi
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Katrin Radloff
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rodrigo X das Neves
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rodolfo G Camargo
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Linda F Maximiano
- Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Flávio Tokeshi
- Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - José P Otoch
- Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Niels O S Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Paulo S M de Alcântara
- Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Marília Seelaender
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, São Paulo , Brazil
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10
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Mondello P, Mian M, Aloisi C, Famà F, Mondello S, Pitini V. Cancer Cachexia Syndrome: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and New Therapeutic Options. Nutr Cancer 2014; 67:12-26. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.976318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Cichello SA, Weisinger RS, Schuijers J, Jois M. 1-Sarcosine-angiotensin II infusion effects on food intake, weight loss, energy expenditure, and skeletal muscle UCP3 gene expression in a rat model. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2014; 5:239-46. [PMID: 24614996 PMCID: PMC4159489 DOI: 10.1007/s13539-014-0133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are a myriad of proteins responsible for modulation of expenditure of energy. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a vital component of renin-angiotensin system that affects blood pressure and also linked to both cachexia and obesity via fat and muscle metabolism. Previous research suggests that the direct action of Ang II is on the brain, via angiotensin II type 1 receptor protein, affecting food intake and energy expenditure. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of 1-sarcosine (SAR)-Ang II infusion on energy expenditure and metabolism in a rat model of congestive heart failure cachexia. METHODS Adult female rats of the Sprague Dawley strain (n = 33) were used (11 pair-fed control, 12 ad libitum and 10, 1-sarcosine-angiotensin II-infused rats). Body weight, faecal excretion, feed intake (in grams), water intake (in milliliters) and urine excreted were recorded daily. The measurements were recorded in three different periods (4 days prior to surgery, "pre-infusion"; day of surgery and 5 days postsurgery, "infusion period"; days 7 to 14, "recovery" period). Different analytical methods were used to measure energy expenditure per period, uncoupling protein 3 mRNA expression, crude protein and adipose tissue body composition. RESULTS During the infusion period, the SAR-Ang II group experienced rapid weight loss (p < 0.05) in comparison to the ad libitum and pair-fed groups. The SAR-Ang II group displayed lower (p < 0.05) body fat content (in percent) than the controls. There was also increased (p < 0.05) uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) mRNA expression in the SAR-Ang II group and pair-fed group when compared to the controls. CONCLUSION In summary, the results suggest that SAR-Ang II infusion impairs appetite and decreases body weight by wasting predominantly adipose tissue, which may be due to elevated energy expenditure via mitochondrial uncoupling (UCP3 protein activity).
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Cichello
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia,
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12
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Mirza KA, Tisdale MJ. Functional identity of receptors for proteolysis-inducing factor on human and murine skeletal muscle. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:903-8. [PMID: 25101564 PMCID: PMC4150279 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cachexia in both mice and humans is associated with tumour production of a sulphated glycoprotein called proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF). In mice PIF binds with high affinity to a surface receptor in skeletal muscle, but little is known about the human receptor. This study compares the human PIF receptor with the murine. Methods: Human PIF was isolated from the G361 melanoma and murine PIF from the MAC16 colon adenocarcinoma. The human PIF receptor was isolated from human skeletal muscle myotubes. Protein synthesis and degradation induced by human and murine PIF was studied in human and murine skeletal muscle myotubes. Results: Both the human and murine PIF receptors showed the same immunoreactivity and Mr 40 000. Both murine and human PIF inhibited total protein synthesis and stimulated protein degradation in human and murine myotubes to about the same extent, and this was attenuated by a rabbit polyclonal antibody to the murine PIF receptor, but not by a non-specific rabbit antibody. Both murine and human PIF increased the activity of the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway in both human and murine myotubes, as evidenced by an increased ‘chymotrypsin-like' enzyme activity, protein expression of the 20S and 19S proteasome subunits, and increased expression of the ubiquitin ligases MuRF1 and MAFbx, and this was also attenuated by the anti-mouse PIF receptor antibody. Conclusions: These results suggest that the murine and human PIF receptors are identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Mirza
- Department of Nutritional Biomedicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - M J Tisdale
- Department of Nutritional Biomedicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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