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Recent Advances in the Preparation of Barium Sulfate Nanoparticles: A Mini-Review. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential for barium sulphate nanoparticles to be used in a variety of important fields has sparked a lot of attention. Methods for obtaining this material by milling (top-down approach) are not very popular due to the difficulty of controlling the size and shape of particles, as well as changes in their physicochemical properties during milling. More promising is the bottom-up approach, which is the interaction of Ba2+ and SO42− ions in a liquid environment. Direct precipitation is the simplest method; however, it does not allow control of the particle size. Microemulsions, microreactors membrane dispersion, as well as spinning disc reactors are used to overcome drawbacks of direct precipitation and allow control of particle size and shape. This is ensured mainly by intensive controlled micromixing of the precursors with concentrations close to saturated ones. The present review focuses on recent advances in the production of barium sulfate nanoparticles using various approaches, as well as their advantages and limitations. The issues of scaling up the techniques are also considered, and promising methods for obtaining BaSO4 nanoparticles are also discussed.
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Delacour C, Stephens DS, Lutz C, Mettin R, Kuhn S. Design and Characterization of a Scaled-up Ultrasonic Flow Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Delacour
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dwayne Savio Stephens
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cécile Lutz
- Service Adsorption, ARKEMA, Groupement de Recherche de Lacq, 64170 Lacq, France
| | - Robert Mettin
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Simon Kuhn
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Dong Z, Delacour C, Mc Carogher K, Udepurkar AP, Kuhn S. Continuous Ultrasonic Reactors: Design, Mechanism and Application. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13020344. [PMID: 31940863 PMCID: PMC7014228 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic small scale flow reactors have found increasing popularity among researchers as they serve as a very useful platform for studying and controlling ultrasound mechanisms and effects. This has led to the use of these reactors for not only research purposes, but also various applications in biological, pharmaceutical and chemical processes mostly on laboratory and, in some cases, pilot scale. This review summarizes the state of the art of ultrasonic flow reactors and provides a guideline towards their design, characterization and application. Particular examples for ultrasound enhanced multiphase processes, spanning from immiscible fluid-fluid to fluid-solid systems, are provided. To conclude, challenges such as reactor efficiency and scalability are addressed.
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Długosz O, Banach M. Inorganic nanoparticle synthesis in flow reactors – applications and future directions. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of flow technologies for obtaining nanoparticles can play an important role in the development of ecological and sustainable processes for obtaining inorganic nanomaterials, and the continuous methods are part of the Flow Chemistry trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Długosz
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Institute of Chemistry and Inorganic Technology
- Cracow University of Technology
- Cracow 31-155
- Poland
| | - Marcin Banach
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Institute of Chemistry and Inorganic Technology
- Cracow University of Technology
- Cracow 31-155
- Poland
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Delacour C, Lutz C, Kuhn S. Pulsed ultrasound for temperature control and clogging prevention in micro-reactors. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 55:67-74. [PMID: 31084792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic micro-reactors are frequently applied to prevent micro-channel clogging in the presence of solid materials. Continuous sonication will lead to a sizeable energy input resulting in a temperature increase in the fluidic channels and concerns regarding microchannel degradation. In this paper, we investigate the application of pulsed ultrasound as a less invasive approach to prevent micro-channel clogging, while also controlling the temperature increase. The inorganic precipitation of barium sulfate particles was studied, and the impact of the effective ultrasonic treatment ratio, frequency and load power on the particle size distribution, pressure and temperature was quantified in comparison to non-sonicated experiments. The precipitation reactions were performed in a continuous reactor consisting of a micro-reactor chip attached to a Langevin-type transducer. It was found that adjusting the pulsed ultrasound conditions prevented microchannel clogging by reducing the particle size to the same magnitude as observed for continuous sonication. Furthermore, reducing the effective treatment ratio from 100 to 12.5% decreases the temperature rise from 7 to 1 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Delacour
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cecile Lutz
- Service Adsorption, ARKEMA, Groupement de Recherche de Lacq, 64170 Lacq, France
| | - Simon Kuhn
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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6
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Gielen B, Claes T, Janssens J, Jordens J, Thomassen LCJ, Gerven TV, Braeken L. Particle Size Control during Ultrasonic Cooling Crystallization of Paracetamol. Chem Eng Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn Gielen
- KU Leuven; Department of Chemical Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200 F, box 2424 3001 Leuven Belgium
- KU Leuven; Faculty of Engineering Science, Lab4U; Agoralaan building B box 8 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Thomas Claes
- KU Leuven; Department of Chemical Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200 F, box 2424 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Jonas Janssens
- KU Leuven; Faculty of Engineering Science, Lab4U; Agoralaan building B box 8 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Jeroen Jordens
- KU Leuven; Department of Chemical Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200 F, box 2424 3001 Leuven Belgium
- KU Leuven; Faculty of Engineering Science, Lab4U; Agoralaan building B box 8 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Leen C. J. Thomassen
- KU Leuven; Department of Chemical Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200 F, box 2424 3001 Leuven Belgium
- KU Leuven; Faculty of Engineering Science, Lab4U; Agoralaan building B box 8 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Tom Van Gerven
- KU Leuven; Department of Chemical Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200 F, box 2424 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Leen Braeken
- KU Leuven; Department of Chemical Engineering; Celestijnenlaan 200 F, box 2424 3001 Leuven Belgium
- KU Leuven; Faculty of Engineering Science, Lab4U; Agoralaan building B box 8 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium
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Yao H, Wang Y, Luo G. A Size-Controllable Precipitation Method to Prepare CeO2 Nanoparticles in a Membrane Dispersion Microreactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Yao
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Gielen B, Thimmesch Y, Jordens J, Janssen G, Thomassen L, Van Gerven T, Braeken L. Ultrasonic precipitation of manganese carbonate: Reactor design and scale-up. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Process modeling and optimization of Rhodamine B dye ozonation in a novel microreactor equipped with high frequency ultrasound wave. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Jordens J, De Coker N, Gielen B, Van Gerven T, Braeken L. Ultrasound precipitation of manganese carbonate: the effect of power and frequency on particle properties. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 26:64-72. [PMID: 25640681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of ultrasonic frequency and intensity on particle shape, tap density and particle size distribution was investigated during the precipitation of manganese carbonate. For the first time, a broad frequency range of 94 till 1135 kHz was studied in one single reactor setup. Smaller and more spherical particles were observed during sonication compared to silent conditions. Lower frequencies and increased intensities result in smaller and more spherical particles. The most spherical particles with superior tap densities are obtained at the lowest frequency and most elevated intensity. Moreover, the results indicate that a particle size threshold exists, below which the particle size cannot be reduced by a further increase of the ultrasonic intensity or reduction of the frequency. Sonication of already formed spherical powders resulted in particles with smaller sizes but unaffected shapes. Finally, one test with pulsed ultrasonic irradiation resulted in equally sized particles with similar sphericity as the ones produced under continuous sonication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Jordens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, De Croylaan 46, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; Researchgroup Lab4U, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Nico De Coker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, De Croylaan 46, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Gielen
- Researchgroup Lab4U, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Gerven
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, De Croylaan 46, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen Braeken
- Researchgroup Lab4U, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
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Lu Y, Liu Y, Zhou C, Luo G. Preparation of Li2CO3 Nanoparticles by Carbonation Reaction Using a Microfiltration Membrane Dispersion Microreactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5019832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangcheng Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Hilton R, Dornbusch D, Branson K, Tekeei A, Suppes GJ. Ultrasonic enhancement of battery diffusion. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:901-7. [PMID: 24210813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that sonic energy can be harnessed to enhance convection in Galvanic cells during cyclic voltammetry; however, the practical value of this approach is limited due to the lack of open volumes for convection patterns to develop in most batteries. This study evaluates the ability of ultrasonic waves to enhance diffusion in membrane separators commonly used in sandwich-architecture batteries. Studies include the measuring of open-circuit performance curves to interpret performances in terms of reductions in concentration overpotentials. The use of a 40 kHz sonicator bath can consistently increase the voltage of the battery and reduce overpotential losses up to 30%. This work demonstrates and quantifies battery enhancement due to enhanced diffusion made possible with ultrasonic energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hilton
- University of Missouri, Department of Chemical Engineering, W2033 Lafferre Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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Jamshidi R, Brenner G. An Euler-Lagrange method considering bubble radial dynamics for modeling sonochemical reactors. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:154-61. [PMID: 23751457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Unsteady numerical computations are performed to investigate the flow field, wave propagation and the structure of bubbles in sonochemical reactors. The turbulent flow field is simulated using a two-equation Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model. The distribution of the acoustic pressure is solved based on the Helmholtz equation using a finite volume method (FVM). The radial dynamics of a single bubble are considered by applying the Keller-Miksis equation to consider the compressibility of the liquid to the first order of acoustical Mach number. To investigate the structure of bubbles, a one-way coupling Euler-Lagrange approach is used to simulate the bulk medium and the bubbles as the dispersed phase. Drag, gravity, buoyancy, added mass, volume change and first Bjerknes forces are considered and their orders of magnitude are compared. To verify the implemented numerical algorithms, results for one- and two-dimensional simplified test cases are compared with analytical solutions. The results show good agreement with experimental results for the relationship between the acoustic pressure amplitude and the volume fraction of the bubbles. The two-dimensional axi-symmetric results are in good agreement with experimentally observed structure of bubbles close to sonotrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Jamshidi
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Clausthal University of Technology, Adolph-Roemer Str. 2A, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
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Schilde C, Hanisch C, Naumann D, Beierle T, Kwade A. A novel way to vary the structure of precipitated silica and calcium carbonate aggregates in a wide range by using grinding media during the precipitation process. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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