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Samadi MT, Rezaie A, Ebrahimi AA, Hossein Panahi A, Kargarian K, Abdipour H. The utility of ultraviolet beam in advanced oxidation-reduction processes: a review on the mechanism of processes and possible production free radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6628-6648. [PMID: 38153574 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and advanced reduction processes (ARPs) are a set of chemical treatment procedures designed to eliminate organic (sometimes inorganic) contamination in water and wastewater by producing free reactive radicals (FRR). UV irradiation is one of the factors that are effectively used in oxidation-reduction processes. Not only does the UV beam cause the photolysis of contamination, but it also leads to the product of FRR by affecting oxidants-reductant, and the pollutant decomposition occurs by FRR. UV rays produce active radical species indirectly in an advanced redox process by affecting an oxidant (O3, H2O2), persulfate (PS), or reducer (dithionite, sulfite, sulfide, iodide, ferrous). Produced FRR with high redox potential (including oxidized or reduced radicals) causes detoxification and degradation of target contaminants by attacking them. In this review, it was found that ultraviolet radiation is one of the important and practical parameters in redox processes, which can be used to control a wide range of impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Samadi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezo Rezaie
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Ebrahimi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ayat Hossein Panahi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Kiana Kargarian
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdipour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Yang H, Li X, Cao X, Lu S, Zheng X. The toxicity assessment of 14 biocides for industrial circulating cooling water system by damage/repair pathway profiling analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104156. [PMID: 37217027 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of 14 biocides commonly used in circulating cooling water systems were evaluated. Results showed that biocide exposure can induce complex damage/repair pathways, including DNA, oxidative, protein, general, and membrane stress. All damages enhanced with increasing concentrations. Among them, MTC exhibited toxicity at concentrations as low as 1.00×10-17mg/L, and TELItotal reached 1.60. We derived molecular toxicity endpoints based on dose-response curves to compare the normalized toxicity of biocides. Total-TELI1.5 exhibited that THPS, MTC, and DBNPA have the lowest toxic exposure concentrations, which are 2.180×10-27, 1.015×10-14, and 3.523×10-6 mg/L. TBTC, MTC, and 2,4-DCP had the highest Total-TELImax values, which are 861.70, 526.30, and 248.30. Moreover, there was a high correlation (R2=0.43~0.97) between biocides' molecular structure and toxicity. And, biocide exposure combinations were found to increase toxicity pathways and enhance toxic effects, with a similar toxicity mechanism observed as in single-component exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North west Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North west Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Xin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North west Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North west Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North west Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China; School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China; National Supervision & Inspection Center of Environmental Protection Equipment Quality, Jiangsu, Yixing 214205, China.
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Etim IIN, Njoku DI, Uzoma PC, Kolawole SK, Olanrele OS, Ekarenem OO, Okonkwo BO, Ikeuba AI, Udoh II, Njoku CN, Etim IP, Emori W. Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion: A Concern for Oil and Gas Sector in Africa. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Song MK, Eun Park J, Ryu SH, Baek YW, Kim YH, Im Kim D, Yoon SH, Shin H, Jeon J, Lee K. Biodistribution and respiratory toxicity of chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone following intranasal and intratracheal administration. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107643. [PMID: 36403329 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A variety of isothiazolinone-containing small molecules have been registered and used as chemical additives in many household products. However, their biodistribution and potential harmful effects on human health, especially respiratory effects, were not yet identified in sufficient detail. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a biocide comprising a mixture of chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) could reach the lungs and induce lung injury when exposure occurs by two administration routes involving the respiratory tract: intratracheal and intranasal instillation. To investigate the biodistribution of CMIT/MIT, we quantified the uptake of 14C-labeled CMIT/MIT in experimental animals for up to seven days after intratracheal and intranasal instillation. In the toxicity study, lung injury was assessed in mice using total inflammatory cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung histopathology. The results of the biodistribution study indicated that CMIT/MIT were rapidly distributed throughout the respiratory tract. Using quantitative whole-body autoradiogram analysis, we confirmed that following intranasal exposure, CMIT/MIT reached the lungs via the respiratory tract (nose-trachea-lung). After 5 min post intratracheal and intranasal instillation, the amount of radiotracer ([14C]CMIT/MIT) in the lungs was 2720 ng g-1 and 752 ng g-1 tissue, respectively, and lung damage was observed. A higher amount of the radiotracer resulted in higher toxicity. Both intratracheal and intranasal instillation of CMIT/MIT increased inflammatory cell counts in the BALF and induced injuries in the alveoli. The frequency and the severity scores of injuries caused by intratracheal instillation were approximately-four to five times higher than those induced by intranasal instillation. Therefore, we concluded that CMIT/MIT could reach the lungs following nasal and intratracheal exposure and cause lung injuries, and the extent of injury was dependent on the exposure dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Song
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Ryu
- Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Wook Baek
- Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Kim
- Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Im Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Yoon
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Shin
- KRCC Co., Ltd., 20 Neunganmal 2-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06801, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongho Jeon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Huang N, Shao WT, Wang WL, Wang Q, Chen ZQ, Wu QY, Hu HY. Removal of methylisothiazolinone biocide from wastewater by VUV/UV advanced oxidation process: Kinetics, mechanisms and toxicity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 315:115107. [PMID: 35483252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Methylisothiazolinone (MIT) is frequently used as antimicrobial in household and industrial products, and poses ecological and health risks to aquatic organisms and humans. In this study, vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)/ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was found highly efficient for removal of MIT. The rate constant of MIT degradation (kobs) under VUV/UV irradiation was 3.75 μEinstein-1 cm2, which was around 12.5 times higher than that under UV irradiation. The •OH concentration during the VUV/UV process was 1.0 × 10-12 M. The contributions of UV photolysis and •OH oxidation to MIT degradation under VUV/UV irradiation were 7.3% and 92.7%, respectively. The optimum solution pH (6.0-7.1) gave kobs 33%-39% higher than those at pH 3.9 and 9.3. CO32-/HCO3- inhibited MIT degradation and the kobs decreased by 74% when the concentration of CO32-/HCO3- was increased to 1 mM. The order of MIT removal efficiency under VUV/UV irradiation was ultrapure water > secondary effluent > reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate, because of the light screening and •OH quenching effect of actual wastewater. In RO concentrate, the rate constant of MIT degradation under VUV/UV irradiation was 22% higher than that obtained under UV irradiation. The reduction of TOC, UV254, and total fluorescence regional integration of the RO concentrate during VUV/UV process were 7.2%, 34.9%, and 52.3%, respectively. Twelve main transformation products of MIT were identified after VUV/UV degradation. The main degradation mechanisms of MIT were sulfur atom oxidation and hydroxyl addition. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis showed that VUV/UV degradation was an efficient method to remove the toxicity of MIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Huang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wan-Ting Shao
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215163, China
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Luo W, Deng L, Hu J, Xu B, Tan C. Efficient degradation of dimetridazole during the UV/chlorine process: Kinetics, pathways, and halonitromethanes formation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Heat/PMS Degradation of Atrazine: Theory and Kinetic Studies. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The degradation effect of heat/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) on atrazine (ATZ) is studied. The results show that the heat/PMS degradation for ATZ is 96.28% at the moment that the phosphate buffer (PB) pH, temperature, PMS dosage, ATZ concentration, and reaction time are 7, 50 °C, 400 μmol/L, 2.5 μmol/L, and 60 min. A more alkaline PB is more likely to promote the breakdown of ATZ through heat/PMS, while the PB alone has a more acidic effect on the PMS than the partially alkaline solution. HO• and SO4−• coexisted within the heat/PMS scheme, and ATZ quantity degraded by HO• and SO4−• in PB with pH = 7, pH = 1.7~1. HCO3− makes it difficult for heat/PMS to degrade ATZ according to inorganic anion studies, while Cl− and NO3− accelerate the degradation and the acceleration effect of NO3− is more obvious. The kinetics of ATZ degradation via heat/PMS is quasi-first-order. Ethanol (ETA) with the identical concentration inhibited ATZ degradation slightly more than HCO3−, and both of them reduced the degradation rates of heat/PMS to 7.06% and 11.56%. The addition of Cl− and NO3− increased the maximum rate of ATZ degradation by heat/PMS by 62.94% and 189.31%.
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