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Thapa S, Yadav DK. Role of sleep problem on suicidal behaviour and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Pokhara, Nepal. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305221. [PMID: 39321162 PMCID: PMC11423960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep is a fundamental human requirement, considered one of the major contributing factors to physical and mental health, especially among adolescents. Poor quality sleep has many potential consequences including non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal thoughts or behaviour and complete suicide. The NSSI and suicidal behaviour are increasing in Nepal. Thus, this study aimed to assess the role of sleep problem on suicidal behaviour and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Pokhara metropolitan, Nepal. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 673 adolescents using a multistage cluster sampling technique from private and public schools in Pokhara Metropolitan. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Collected data was entered and managed in EpiData (version 3.1) and analysed in IBM SPSS (version 23). Binary logistic regression was used to identify the association of sleep problem with NSSI and suicidal behaviour. RESULTS The study found that sleep problem (65.2%, 439), suicidal behaviour (18.6%, 125) and NSSI (57.9%, 390) were prevalent among adolescents in study setting. The presence of sleep problem significantly influenced the suicidal behavior (AOR = 3.88, 95% CI = 2.27-6.63) alongside the sex of student (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.28-3.00), adolescents from family having monthly income less than NPR 40,000 (AOR = 1.97 95% CI = 1.16-3.35) and private schools students (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI = 1.84-4.86). Likewise, sleep problem was also associated with non-suicidal self-injury (AOR = 3.24, 95% CI = 2.26-4.65), in addition to attending private school (AOR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.71-3.72). CONCLUSION This study concludes that sleep problem is prevalent among the adolescents and increase the risk of NSSI and suicidal behaviour. Therefore, parents and teachers need to assess their conditions and help them maintain sound sleep. Additionally, suicide prevention strategies need to be adopted to mitigate further risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Thapa
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
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Mumenin N, Kabir Hossain ABM, Hossain MA, Debnath PP, Nusrat Della M, Hasan Rashed MM, Hossen A, Basar MR, Hossain MS. Screening depression among university students utilizing GHQ-12 and machine learning. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37182. [PMID: 39296063 PMCID: PMC11409111 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating incidence of depression has brought attention to the increasing concern regarding the mental well-being of university students in the current academic environment. Given the increasing mental health challenges faced by students, there is a critical need for efficient, scalable, and accurate screening methods. This study aims to address the issue by using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), a well recognized tool for evaluating psychological discomfort, in combination with machine learning (ML) techniques. Firstly, for effective screening of depression, a comprehensive questionnaire has been created with the help of an expert psychiatrist. The questionnaire includes the GHQ-12, socio-demographic, and job and career-related inquiries. A total of 804 responses has been collected from various public and private universities across Bangladesh. The data has been then analyzed and preprocessed. It has been found that around 60% of the study population are suffering from depression. Lastly, 16 different ML models, including both traditional algorithms and ensemble methods has been applied to examine the data to identify trends and predictors of depression in this demographic. The models' performance has been rigorously evaluated in order to ascertain their effectiveness in precisely identifying individuals who are at risk. Among the ML models, Extremely Randomized Tree (ET) has achieved the highest accuracy of 90.26%, showcasing its classification effectiveness. A thorough investigation of the performance of the models compared, therefore clarifying their possible relevance in the early detection of depression among university students, has been presented in this paper. The findings shed light on the complex interplay among socio-demographic variables, stressors associated with one's profession, and mental well-being, which offer an original viewpoint on utilizing ML in psychological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasirul Mumenin
- Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - A B M Kabir Hossain
- Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Arafat Hossain
- Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Afzal Hossen
- Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rubel Basar
- Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sejan Hossain
- Bangladesh Army University of Engineering and Technology, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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Wen LY, Zhang L, Zhu LJ, Song JG, Wang AS, Tao YJ, Li HQ, Feng Y, Jin YL, Su H, Chang WW. Depression and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating roles of chronotype and sleep quality. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:583. [PMID: 39192231 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was intended to investigate the correlation between depression and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential mediating roles of chronotype and sleep quality in this relationship . METHODS A sample of 4,768 college students was selected from four institutions in Anhui Province, China, and the study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic (November to December 2020) using a stratified, cluster, multi-stage sampling method. This study used the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) to assess depressive symptoms, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire 19 (MEQ-19) to determine individual sleep chronotypes (i.e., morning or evening preference), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate sleep quality. Participants were asked about suicidal ideation. MPLUS 8.3 software was used to analyze the mediating effect of chronotype and sleep quality on the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation. RESULTS During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of suicidal ideation among Chinese college students was 5.4%. Depression was inversely correlated with chronotype (beta = - 0.346, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with sleep quality (beta = 0.846, P < 0.001), indicating that students experiencing depressive symptoms were more likely to have a later chronotype and poor sleep quality. A later chronotype (beta = - 0.019, P < 0.05) and poor sleep quality (beta = 0.066, P < 0.01) predicted suicidal ideation. Depression emerged as a direct and significant risk factor for suicidal ideation (effect value = 0.535, 95% confidence interval: 0.449 ~ 0.622). Chronotype and sleep quality were found to have potential mediating effects on the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation; however, the chain-mediating effect of chronotype and sleep quality was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that during the COVID-19 pandemic, depression can precipitate suicidal ideation through its influence on sleep chronotype and quality. These compelling findings highlight the urgency of early intervention strategies intended to mitigate suicidal thoughts, particularly among students exhibiting depressive symptoms, who experience disrupted sleep patterns and poor sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Hospital Infection Management Office, Wuhu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Jian-Gen Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - An-Shi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Yu-Jing Tao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Hao-Qi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China
| | - Yue-Long Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China.
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Wei-Wei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, China.
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Hamdan S, Guz T, Zalsman G. The Clinical Sequelae of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Loneliness, Depression, Excessive Alcohol Use, Social Media Addiction, and Risk for Suicide Ideation. Arch Suicide Res 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38756019 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2024.2345170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, loneliness, and alcohol use disorder are associated with suicide ideation. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has challenged our social structures with social distancing and isolation policies implemented worldwide, severely restricting social interactions. Studies regarding the effects of the pandemic are starting to shed light on the harmful psychological effects of these policies. AIMS This study aims to identify whether the increase in suicidal ideation among college students (mostly young adults) during the pandemic was due to the known risk factors of loneliness, depression, alcohol use disorder, social media addiction, and other background variables. METHOD Nine hundred and eleven college students completed self-report questionnaires assessing suicidal risk, depressive symptoms, loneliness, excessive alcohol use, and social media use. RESULTS During the pandemic suicidal ideation was associated with loneliness (χ2 = 54.65, p < 0.001), depressive symptoms (χ2 = 110.82, p < 0.001), alcohol use disorder (χ2 = 10.02, P < 0.01) and social media addiction (χ2 = 13.73, P < 0.001). Being single [OR = 2.55; p < 0.01], and self-identifying as a non-heterosexual [OR = 2.55; p < 0.01] were found to constitute additional risk factors. LIMITATIONS The structural nature of quantitative self-report scales does not offer the flexibility of gaining a deeper understanding of causes, specific to particular circumstances that may lead participants to ideate on suicide, even briefly. CONCLUSIONS Social distancing and isolation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic constitute an additional factor in the risk for suicide ideation.
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Park E, Lee HY. The residential, area-specific prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among South Korean adolescents. Prev Med Rep 2024; 41:102698. [PMID: 38560594 PMCID: PMC10979118 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the residential, area-specific prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in South Korea, based on nationally representative data. Methods A secondary analysis was performed using the database of the 17th Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey, which contained data from 54,848 adolescents. Results Female adolescents (more influential in counties), low economic status (more influential in metropolitan cities), perceived stress (more influential in metropolitan cities), depression (more influential in counties), loneliness (more influential in counties), and anxiety (more influential in counties) were influencing factors in all areas, and the factors associated with suicidal ideation differed by residential area. The factors related to suicidal ideation were similar by residential area, but the degree of relevance differed from area to area; in particular, the prevalence of variables related to mental health (depression, loneliness, and anxiety) was high in counties. Alcohol drinking was significant only in small- and medium-sized cities in terms of suicidal ideation. Conclusion Suicide prevention programs for adolescents should be implemented given the higher incidence of suicidal ideation among female adolescents, the greater influence of mental health-related variables in counties, and the influence of smoking in cities. There were differences in the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation by residential areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunok Park
- College of Nursing, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, South Korea
| | - Hyo Young Lee
- Department of Health Administration, Dongseo University, 47 Jurye-ro, Sasang-gu, Busan, 47011, South Korea
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Guidotti S, Fiduccia A, Pruneti C. Introversion, Alexithymia, and Hostility: A Path Analysis From Personality to Suicidal Ideation Among University Students. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241247526. [PMID: 38623941 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241247526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between state (i.e., hostility) and trait (i.e., social detachment, alexithymia) psychological constructs associated with suicidal ideation among university students. METHODS A group of 190 university students was consecutively recruited in the period between September 2022 and March 2023. After a clinical interview, a series of psychological tests were administered: the Cattell's 16-Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), and the anamnestic form of the Cognitive Behavioral Assessment (CBA2.0), which contains a specific question regarding the suicidal ideation. RESULTS The analyses demonstrated that alexithymia fully mediated the relationship between a particular aspect of introversion (social detachment or low warmth) and hostility which, in turn, seemed to be a significant predictor of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS The path analysis conducted seemed to highlight the importance of personality traits, such as social detachment and the ability to recognize and express one's internal states, on the mental health of university students in terms of hostility and suicidal ideation. Considering that the reduction of suicide mortality has been prioritized as a global target in the 15-19 age group, identifying the psychological factors associated with it is fundamental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Guidotti
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology, and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Fiduccia
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology, and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Pruneti
- Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychophysiology, and Clinical Neuropsychology Labs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Gupta S, Fischer J, Roy S, Bhattacharyya A. Emotional regulation and suicidal ideation-Mediating roles of perceived social support and avoidant coping. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1377355. [PMID: 38629033 PMCID: PMC11018903 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1377355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent research has uncovered a wide prevalence variation of suicidal ideation in university students ranging from 9.7% to 58.3%. India has witnessed a 4.5% increase in suicide rates in the year 2021. The interplay between cognitive reappraisal of a stressful situation, suppression of emotional expression, and coping strategies for suicidal ideation of Indian University students is yet to be explored. We aim to determine whether suicidal ideation would differ across different types of family units, and to predict the extent to which perceived social support and avoidant coping could mediate the relation between emotion regulation processes and suicidal ideation. Methods Two hundred randomly selected University students (Mean age = 19.9, SD = 1.43) participated. Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson's product-moment correlation, and GLM mediation model were computed. Results and discussion Lifetime suicidal ideation significantly differed between those who stay alone and those who live in a nuclear family (p < 0.01), and also those who stay in a joint family (p < 0.05). Cognitive reappraisal predicted a reduction in suicidal ideation mediated by perceived social support (B = -0.06, p < 0.05) and avoidant coping (B = -0.07, p < 0.05). Whereas, expressive suppression predicted induced levels of suicidal ideation through perceived social support (B = 0.05, p < 0.05), and avoidant coping (B = 0.06, p < 0.05) as mediators. Conclusion Though our sample size restricts the generalization, our findings implied the importance of regular psychological consultation regarding the efficacy of the said coping processes in dealing with suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Gupta
- Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jonathan Fischer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sakhi Roy
- Amity School of Economics, Amity University Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Atreyee Bhattacharyya
- Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Sara SS, Rahman MA, Rahman R, Talukder A. Prediction of suicidal ideation with associated risk factors among university students in the southern part of Bangladesh: Machine learning approach. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:502-508. [PMID: 38218257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of suicidal ideation has become an urgent issue, particularly among adolescents. The primary objective of this research is to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation among students in the southern region of Bangladesh and to predict this phenomenon using machine learning (ML) models. METHODS The data collection process involved using a simple random sampling technique to gather information from university students located in the southern region of Bangladesh during the period spreading from April 2022 to June 2022. Upon accounting for missing values and non-response rates, the ultimate sample size was determined to be 584, with 51.5 % of participants identifying as male and 48.5 % female. RESULTS A significant proportion of students, precisely 19.9 %, reported experiencing suicidal ideation. Most participants were female (77 %) and unmarried (78 %). Within the machine learning (ML) framework, KNN exhibited the highest accuracy score of 91.45 %. In addition, the Random Forest (RF), and Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) algorithms exhibited comparable levels of accuracy, achieving scores of 90.60 and 90.59 respectively. LIMITATIONS Using a cross-sectional design in research limits the ability to establish causal relationships. CONCLUSION Mental health practitioners can employ the KNN model alongside patients' medical histories to detect those who may be at a higher risk of attempting suicide. This approach enables healthcare professionals to take appropriate measures, such as counselling, encouraging regular sleep patterns, and addressing depression and anxiety, to prevent suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Shirin Sara
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asikur Rahman
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Riaz Rahman
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ashis Talukder
- Statistics Discipline, Science Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
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Mushtaque I, Rizwan M, Abbas M, Khan AA, Fatima SM, Jaffri QA, Mushtaq R, Hussain S, Shabbir SW, Naz R, Muneer K. Inter-Parental Conflict's Persistent Effects on Adolescent Psychological Distress, Adjustment Issues, and Suicidal Ideation During the COVID-19 Lockdown. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 88:919-935. [PMID: 34870523 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211054316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study sought to ascertain the impact of inter-parent conflicts on teenage psychological distress, social and academic adjustment and examine the suicide ideation during the COVID-19. The results found to be alarming as 22% of the individuals displayed suicidal tendencies, with 9% having attempted suicide once, 4.6% having tried suicide twice, and 11% stating that they were likely to do so again. Therefore, the media and the government might host awareness programs and counseling initiatives to promote mental health and prevent suicidal behavior. Moreover, parents may be educated on community level, about the effect of inter-parental arguments on the mental health of their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Mushtaque
- Department of Sociology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mazhar Abbas
- Department of Surgery, District Head Quarter Hospital Bhakkar, Bhakkar, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Abbas Khan
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Manal Fatima
- Riphah Institute of Clinical & Professional Psychology, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Syed Waqas Shabbir
- Department of Sociology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rozina Naz
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Southern Punjab Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Muneer
- Department of Psychology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Kim D, Jiang T, Baek JH, Jang SH, Zhu Y. Understanding and comparing risk factors and subtypes in South Korean adult and adolescent women's suicidal ideation or suicide attempt using survey and social media data. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241255660. [PMID: 38817842 PMCID: PMC11138197 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241255660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the similarities and differences in risk factors for suicide among adult and adolescent women in South Korea and identify subtypes of suicidal ideation or suicide attempt in each group. Methods Multifaceted data were collected and analyzed by linking survey and social media data. Interpretable machine learning models were constructed to predict suicide risk and major risk factors were extracted by investigating their feature importance. Additionally, subtypes of suicidal adult and adolescent women were identified and explained using risk factors. Results The risk factors for adult women were primarily related to mental disorders, while those for adolescent women were primarily related to interpersonal experiences and needs. Two subtypes of suicidal adult women were one with high psychiatric symptoms and mental disorders of them and/or their families and the other with excessive social media use and high online victimization. Two subtypes of suicidal adolescent women were one with high psychiatric symptoms, high ACEs, and high social connectedness, and the other with frequent social media use, high online sexual victimization, and high social assurance. Conclusions These findings enable a stratified and targeted understanding of suicide in women and help develop customized suicide prevention plans in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghun Kim
- Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sou Hyun Jang
- Department of Sociology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Arafat SMY, Baminiwatta A, Menon V, Sharma P, Htay MNN, Akter H, Marthoenis M, Dorji C. Prevalence of Suicidal Behavior Among Students in South-East Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:50-70. [PMID: 36794580 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2176272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estimation of rates of suicidal behaviors (ideation, plan, and attempt) would help to understand the burden and prioritize prevention strategies. However, no attempt to assess suicidal behavior among students was identified in South-East Asia (SEA). We aimed to assess the prevalence of suicidal behavior (ideation, plan, and attempt) among students in SEA. METHODS We followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered the protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022353438). We searched in Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO and performed meta-analyses to pool the lifetime, 1-year, and point prevalence rates for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. We considered the duration of a month for point prevalence. RESULTS The search identified 40 separate populations from which 46 were included in the analyses, as some studies included samples from multiple countries. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 17.4% (confidence interval [95% CI], 12.4%-23.9%) for lifetime, 9.33% (95% CI, 7.2%-12%) for the past year, and 4.8% (95% CI, 3.6%-6.4%) for the present time. The pooled prevalence of suicide plans was 9% (95% CI, 6.2%-12.9%) for lifetime, 7.3% (95% CI, 5.1%-10.3%) for the past year, and 2.3% (95% CI, 0.8%-6.7%) for the present time. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts was 5.2% (95% CI, 3.5%-7.8%) for lifetime and 4.5% (95% CI, 3.4%-5.8%) for the past year. Higher rates of suicide attempts in the lifetime were noted in Nepal (10%) and Bangladesh (9%), while lower rates were reported in India (4%) and Indonesia (5%). CONCLUSIONS Suicidal behaviors are a common phenomenon among students in the SEA region. These findings call for integrated, multisectoral efforts to prevent suicidal behaviors in this group.
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Hartmann JB, Rego AT, Khoury JV, Bernuci MP, Yamaguchi MU. E-Questionnaire on health knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP-Health) for Brazilian students in distance learning. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2153441. [PMID: 36562636 PMCID: PMC9793906 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2153441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of universities in health promotion has been strengthened by institutional policies and the Health Promoting Universities movement. Together they seek to identify behaviours that are harmful to the health of university students and implement programs or interventions to promote the health of students within the physical environment of universities. However, the COVID-19 pandemic rapidly increased the number of students learning by distance. Under these circumstances, there is an increased need to assess the knowledge, attitudes and health practices of students in distance learning. OBJECTIVE To develop a KAP (knowledge, attitude and practice) questionnaire on the health of distance learning students. METHODS Development was carried out in four stages: 1) literature review to identify existing health programs in universities; 2) formulation of questions based on WHO theoretical frameworks, National Health Promotion Policy and the literature review; 3) selection of interdisciplinary expert judges and submission of the KAP-Health questionnaire for analysis of appearance, efficiency/consistency, clarity/understanding, pertinence of content and sequence of items; and 4) content validation by applying the content validity coefficient (CVC). RESULTS The mean CVCs obtained were all equal to or greater than 0.96, 0.95 and 0.93 for the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices domains, respectively; all comfortably above the cut-off score of 80% (CVCt = 0.80). CONCLUSIONS At this stage of the study, the judges consider the content of the KAP-Health questionnaire adequate to identify issues related to the health of students in distance learning. However, it is important to note that the next step is to test the usefulness of this questionnaire. We believe that our KAP-Health instrument is both original and useful for planning institutional policies in order to implement assertive strategies to promote the health of remote-learning students in Brazil and in other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcelo Picinin Bernuci
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, UNICESUMAR, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, ICETI, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Mirian Ueda Yamaguchi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion, UNICESUMAR, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, ICETI, Maringá, Brazil,CONTACT Mirian Ueda Yamaguchi Universidade Cesumar -UNICESUMAR, Avenue Guedner, 1610, Maringá, Paraná87050-900, Brazil
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Du W, Jia YJ, Hu FH, Ge MW, Cheng YJ, Qu X, Chen HL. Prevalence of suicidal ideation and correlated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis of 113 studies from 31 countries. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 166:147-168. [PMID: 37774666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and correlated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Web of Science (WOS) and PubMed were searched according to a pre-set strategy. A total of 132 studies were identified, 104 of which were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was approximately 14.7% (95%CI: 12.5%, 16.8%, P < 0.01) in the general population, approximately 22.4% (95%CI: 17.1%, 27.8%, P < 0.01)in adolescents, approximately 21.0% (95%CI: 12.8%, 29.2%, P < 0.01) in psychiatric patients, approximately 20.6% (95%CI: 18.7%, 22.5%, P < 0.01)in university students, approximately 18.9% (95%CI: 8.3%, 29.5%, P < 0.01) in younger adults, approximately 10.6% (95%CI: 1.0%, 20.2%, P = 0.031) in COVID-19 patients and approximately 7.4% (95%CI: 4.3%, 10.5%, P < 0.01) in healthcare workers. The prevalence in North America was approximately 16.0% (95%CI: 13.6%-18.4%, P < 0.001), approximately 14.5% in Asia (95%CI: 9.5%-19.4%, P < 0.001), approximately 10.5% in Europe (95%CI: 8.5%-12.4%, P < 0.001), and approximately 20.5% in South America (95%CI: 19.5%-21.5%, P < 0.001). The following were risk factors which might be correlated with suicidal ideation: severe anxiety symptoms, mild to moderate depression, a strong feeling of loneliness/social isolation, poor sleep quality, having COVID-19-related experience, having quarantine or lockdown experience, being female, being single or divorced, having financial problems and having a history of suicidal ideation/attempt. This article reports the prevalence of suicidal ideation and discussing potential risk factors during the pandemic among general population and vulnerable groups. Early detection and follow-up were necessary for the noteworthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Nantong University Medical School, PR China
| | - Yi Jie Jia
- Nantong University Medical School, PR China
| | | | | | | | - Xin Qu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong Lin Chen
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
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14
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Jones LB, Vereschagin M, Wang AY, Munthali RJ, Pei J, Richardson CG, Halli P, Xie H, Rush B, Yatham L, Gadermann AM, Pendakur K, Prescivalli AP, Munro L, Bruffaerts R, Auerbach RP, Mortier P, Vigo DV. Suicidal Ideation Amongst University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time Trends and Risk Factors. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 68:531-546. [PMID: 36475311 PMCID: PMC9732498 DOI: 10.1177/07067437221140375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine time trends in suicidal ideation in post-secondary students over the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada and identify subpopulations of students with increased risk. METHOD We analysed 14 months of data collected through repeated cross-sectional deployment of the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health-International College Student (WMH-ICS) survey at the University of British Columbia. Estimated log odds weekly trends of 30-day suicidal ideation (yes/no) were plotted against time with adjustments for demographics using binary logistic generalized additive model (GAM). Risk factors for 30-day suicidal ideation frequency (four categories) were examined using the ordered logistic GAM, with a cubic smoothing spline for modelling time trend in obervation weeks and accounting for demographics. RESULTS Nearly one-fifth (18.9%) of students experienced suicidal ideation in the previous 30 days. While the estimated log odds suggested that binary suicidal ideation was relatively stable across the course of the pandemic, an initial drop followed by an increasing trend was observed. Risk factors for suicidal ideation frequency during the pandemic included identifying as Chinese or as another non-Indigenous ethnic minority; experiencing current symptoms of depression or anxiety; having a history of suicidal planning or attempts; and feeling overwhelmed but unable to get help as a result of COVID-19. Older age was identified as a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS The general university student population in our study was relatively resilient with respect to suicidal ideation during the first three waves of the pandemic, but trends indicate the possibility of delayed impact. Specific sub-populations were found to be at increased risk and should be considered for targeted support. Further analyses should be undertaken to continue monitoring suicidality trends throughout the remainder of the pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura B. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Melissa Vereschagin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Angel Y. Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Richard J. Munthali
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julia Pei
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chris G. Richardson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Priyanka Halli
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hui Xie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Brian Rush
- Department of Psychiatry & School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Yatham
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne M. Gadermann
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Krishna Pendakur
- Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ana Paula Prescivalli
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lonna Munro
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ronny Bruffaerts
- Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Philippe Mortier
- Health Services Research Unit, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel V. Vigo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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15
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Zeng F, John WCM, Sun X, Wang Y. COVID-19-associated impact and post-traumatic stress symptoms 39 days after pandemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese college students: the mediating effecting of past stressful events, psychological resilience, and social support. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:379. [PMID: 37254082 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 outbreak, most Chinese college students were home-quarantined to prevent the spread of the virus. COVID-19-associated impact has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of post-traumatic symptoms disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. This study investigated the association between COVID-19-associated impact and PTSD and examined whether past stressful events, psychological resilience, and social support have mediating effects on this association. METHODS The 12,397 valid responses from 31cities in China via an online survey assessed PTSD symptoms, past stressful events, psychological resilience, social support and social-demographic variables. AMOS was used to test the hypotheses of mediating effects. RESULTS On the 39th day of the declared COVID-19 epidemic in China, 6.75% of the surveyed sample showed PTSD symptoms. A positive mediating effect of past stressful events was found between COVID-19-associated impact and PTSD, whereas psychological resilience and social support had negative mediating effects. The fit indices for the path model were found to be significant (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), COVID-19-associated impact indirectly affects the risk of PTSD through mediating pathways (past stressful events → psychological resilience → social support) on PTSD. CONCLUSIONS Attention should be paid to the effects of past stressful events of Chinese college students who were home-quarantined during the COVID-19 epidemic, and strategies should also be implemented to improve social support and develop psychological resilience. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Southwest Minzu University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanmin Zeng
- Mental Health Education Centre of Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wong Chee Meng John
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital & National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueli Sun
- Mental Health Centre of West China Hospital in Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
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16
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Liu XQ, Guo YX, Xu Y. Risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders in college students: Stakeholder perspectives. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:1442-1457. [PMID: 36926387 PMCID: PMC10011984 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of anxiety disorders among college students is high, which negatively affects countries, schools, families, and individual students to varying degrees. This paper reviews the relevant literature regarding risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders among college students from the perspectives of different stakeholders. Risk factors at the national and societal levels include class differences and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. College-level risk factors include the indoor environment design of the college environment, peer relationships, student satisfaction with college culture, and school functional levels. Family-level risk factors include parenting style, family relationship, and parental level of education. Individual-level risk factors include biological factors, lifestyle, and personality. Among the intervention options for college students' anxiety disorders, in addition to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, psychological counseling, and group counseling, digital mental health interventions are increasingly popular due to their low cost, positive effect, and convenient diagnostics and treatment. To better apply digital intervention to the prevention and treatment of college students' anxiety, this paper suggests that the different stakeholders form a synergy among themselves. The nation and society should provide necessary policy guarantees, financial support, and moral and ethical supervision for the prevention and treatment of college students' anxiety disorders. Colleges should actively participate in the screening and intervention of college students' anxiety disorders. Families should increase their awareness of college students' anxiety disorders and take the initiative to study and understand various digital intervention methods. College students with anxiety disorders should actively seek psychological assistance and actively accept and participate in digital intervention projects and services. We believe that in the future, the application of methods such as big data and artificial intelligence to improve digital interventions and provide individualized treatment plans will become the primary means of preventing and treating anxiety disorders among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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17
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de la Vega Sánchez D, Irigoyen-Otiñano M, Carballo JJ, Guija JA, Giner L. Suicidal thoughts and burnout among physicians during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Psychiatry Res 2023; 321:115057. [PMID: 36791592 PMCID: PMC9867840 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact mechanisms through which the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic could influence the prevalence of suicidal thoughts are not yet known, both in the general population and in health workers. The objectives of the present study are to determine the prevalence of suicidal thoughts in the physician population and to detect sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with presenting suicidal thoughts during the first wave of COVID-19. METHODS Cross-sectional observational study via an online survey distributed in Spain in June 2020 via 52 Official Medical Associations. The sample is made up of all practicing and registered physicians in Spain (3,140 of the 270,235 registered physicians in Spain). An online questionnaire which included sociodemographic, professional and work variables, variables related to the pandemic, work data in relation to COVID-19 and clinical variables (medical-psychiatric history and previous suicidal behaviour) was distributed. RESULTS In our sample, the prevalence of serious suicidal thoughts was 6.31% and up to 17.32% of the subjects reported thoughts about killing themselves during the pandemic. Being female (Exp (B)= 1.989, p=0.001), presence of previous suicide attempts (Exp(B)= 6.127, p=<0.001), taking a psychotropic drug (Exp(B)= 2.470, p=<0.001) and working in a different area during the pandemic (Exp(B)= 1.751, p= 0.037) were associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation. Cohabiting was a protective factor in the development of suicidal ideation although not in all our measures (Exp(B)=0.940, p=0.850 Vs Exp (B)= 0.620, p=0.018). LIMITATIONS The main limitation of this study is its cross-sectional nature, which prevents establishing a causal relationship. As a strength, it stands out that it is a large sample of the population studied and in a particularly complex context of the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Suicidal thoughts among the Spanish registered physician population during the pandemic is high and mainly associated with socio-demographic factors, clinical mental health variables, and aspects of job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego de la Vega Sánchez
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Juan José Carballo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, IISGM, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio A Guija
- Service of Forensic Psychiatry, Instituto de Medicina Legal de Sevilla, Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lucas Giner
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
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18
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Valenzuela RLG, Velasco RIB, Jorge MPPC. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sleep of undergraduate students: A systematic literature review. Stress Health 2023; 39:4-34. [PMID: 35699687 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus pandemic forced the shift to distance education aggravating mental and physical vulnerabilities of undergraduate students, including sleep. This review aims to describe sleep problem rates and prevalence, sleep pattern disruption, sleep duration, sleep quality, insomnia symptoms, psychological and socio-economic factors affecting sleep of undergraduates in 22 countries. A systematic search for articles published from 2020 to 2021 using 'COVID-19,' 'Coronavirus,' 'Pandemic,' 'Sleep,' 'Mental Health,' and 'Students' from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane yielded 2550 articles, where 72 were included. Selection criteria were: English full-text available articles, undergraduates and not postgraduates, reported sleep outcomes, and participants not from allied health courses. Risk of bias was assessed using various Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and outcomes were descriptively synthesized. Prevalence of sleep problems was notable, while longitudinal studies showed increased rates. There was significantly increased sleep duration, and sleep pattern disruption during lockdowns. Several psychological, behavioural, environmental, demographic, and socio-economic factors were found to be associated with sleep changes. These highlight the pandemic's impact on sleep of undergraduate students and reveal opportunities for institutions to intervene with policies and programs to promote the well-being of undergraduates. Limitations include recall bias and underrepresentation of other countries. This study is self-funded with registration number RGAO-2021-0071.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel Peter Paul C Jorge
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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19
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Tardeh S, Adibi A, Mozafari AA. Prevalence of Suicide Ideation and Attempt during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:9. [PMID: 36942038 PMCID: PMC10023846 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_507_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An epidemic of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 can affect mental health, which may be associated with suicidal behaviors. This study was conducted based on the systematic review and meta-analysis methods for evaluating the prevalence of suicide ideation during COVID-19. This study used Preferred Systematic Review Reporting System and Meta- Analysis guideline and valid keywords. The articles related to the prevalence of suicide ideation during COVID-19 pandemic were obtained by searching among different databases including Scopus, Web of science, PubMed, ISC, Google scholar, SID, and Magiran. All of the articles published from the beginning of January 2020 to the end of May 2021 were reviewed. Among 478 articles screened, 377 articles were related to the studied topic, among which 38 articles were selected after assessing the title and abstract of which for reviewing the full text and finally 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the results, the prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among all studies were equal to 13% (95% confidence interval = 0.11-0.15, I2 = 99.7%, P = 0.00) and 1% (95% confidence interval = 0.00-0.01, I2 = 95.5%, P = 0.00), respectively. Based on the results, the prevalence of suicide attempt and ideation is possible during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, health officials should pay attention to mental health issues in addition to the protective measures for preventing or reducing the infection with COVID-19. The increase of psychological consequences is probably related to the effect of lifestyle changes which associates with the spread of the disease. In the current meta-analysis performed, the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt was examined during the COVID-19 pandemic period and compared to the previous period without COVID-19. The effect of COVID-19 on suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt has never been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tardeh
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Amir Adibi
- Psychiatry Adolescent and Child of Department, Medicine of Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ali Ashraf Mozafari
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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20
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Yao Y, Qiao Z, Dong F, Ni J. Role of rumination and hope on negative life events and suicidal ideation under the background of normalization of pandemic prevention and control: A moderated mediation model. Front Public Health 2023; 10:898580. [PMID: 36743173 PMCID: PMC9895382 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.898580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanism of negative life events on college students' suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the buffering effect of hope under the background of normalization of pandemic. Methods A total of 5211 participants took part in this study. Self-reported negative life events, rumination, hope and suicide ideation were measured using a range of questions and scales. Our research demonstrated that the incidence of suicidal ideation among college freshmen in the past week was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than that before the pandemic. In this study, conditional process model 15 was used to verify the hypothetical model of rumination as a potential mediator and hope as a moderator. Results The hypothesized moderated mediation model was verified significant (β = -0.047, 95% CI = [-0.061, -0.035]), and hope was found to moderate the direct effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation (β = -0.039, t = -2.937, 95% CI = [-0.065, -0.013]) as well as the indirect effect of through the mediator rumination (β = -0.134, t = -10.850, 95% CI = [-0.158, -0.110]). Discussion We found that rumination partially mediated the effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation, and hope buffered the direct and indirect effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation. The implications of the findings for clinical interventions are discussed, including the importance of hope arousal as a protective factor and rumination as a cognitive mechanism for emotion regulation under the background of normalization of pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yao
- Counseling and Education Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihong Qiao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangbai Dong
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchao Ni
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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21
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Fitriana E, Purba FD, Salsabila SP, Danasasmita FS, Afriandi I, Tarigan R, Ichsan A, Pandia V. Psychometric Properties of the Suicidal Ideation Scale in the Indonesian Language. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221143716. [PMID: 36524691 PMCID: PMC9761796 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221143716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide is one of the leading cause of mortality among adolescents and young adults, especially in low to middle-income countries. Research found that screening for suicidal ideation in non-clinical populations such as schools or communities is an important step toward preventing suicide. Despite so, not all screening tools have the capabilities to accurately detect suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults in non-clinical populations. The Suicidal Ideation Scale (SIS) is one of the most used questionnaires to measure suicidal thoughts in non-clinical populations. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of SIS among adolescents and young adults in Indonesia, especially in non-clinical populations. METHODS After a series of language and cultural adaptations, 1254 senior high school and university students completed the Indonesian version of SIS using 3 standard questionnaires, namely Patient Health Questionnaire-9/PHQ-9, Beck Depression Inventory-II/BDI-II, and Children's Depression Inventory/CDI. The SIS content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and concurrent, as well as internal structure validity, were investigated using content validity index (CVI), Cronbach's Alpha, Pearson product-moment correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. RESULTS The result showed that SIS has good to excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Based on the validity indicators, it has satisfactory content and convergent validity, and further support the one-factor and 2-factor model for factorial validity. Both one-factor and 2 factor model are suitable to use in non-clinical settings. CONCLUSIONS SIS is a valid and reliable tool for suicide ideation screening in adolescents and young adults in non-clinical populations. This validated questionnaire can be used in the early detection of suicidal ideation among adolescents and young adults in non-clinical populations, thus contributing to developing strategies and policies to prevent suicide among Indonesian adolescents and young adults at group and institutional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efi Fitriana
- Department of General and Experimental
Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia,Efi Fitriana, Department of General and
Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology Universitas Padjadjaran,
Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat, 45363, Indonesia.
| | - Fredrick Dermawan Purba
- Department of Developmental Psychology,
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Safira Putri Salsabila
- Undergraduate Study Program in
Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Febrianti Santiardi Danasasmita
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| | - Irvan Afriandi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rodman Tarigan
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| | - Abdullah Ichsan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
| | - Veranita Pandia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran – dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung,
Indonesia
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22
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Islam MS, Jahan I, Dewan MAA, Pontes HM, Koly KN, Sikder MT, Rahman M. Psychometric properties of three online-related addictive behavior instruments among Bangladeshi school-going adolescents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279062. [PMID: 36516198 PMCID: PMC9750012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the ease of access to the internet in modern society users have become more prone to experiencing addictive behaviors online. The present study aimed to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of the Bangla Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IGDS9-SF), Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) due to a lack of existing sound psychometric tools in Bangladesh. METHODS A cross-sectional paper-and-pencil survey was carried out among 428 school-aged adolescents who were active gamers (90.89% males; Meanage: 16.13±1.85 years; age range: 10-19 years). Participants were recruited using convenience sampling across four selected schools in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Data collected included sociodemographic information, frequency of internet use and gaming behaviors, psychological states (i.e., Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7]), disordered gaming and social media use (i.e., IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS). Psychometric testing was conducted to examine the validity and reliability levels of the Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS. RESULTS The newly adapted Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS exhibited adequate levels of internal consistency. All total scores were significantly correlated with depression, anxiety, frequencies of internet use/online activities and gaming, supporting criterion and convergent validity. CFA indicated excellent construct validity as all instruments had a good fit to the data. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the Bangla IGDS9-SF, GDT, and BSMAS are sound psychometric instruments due to their satisfactory psychometric properties including internal consistency, criterion validity, convergent validity, and construct validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Israt Jahan
- Institute of Social Welfare and Research, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Al Amin Dewan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Halley M. Pontes
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kamrun Nahar Koly
- Health System and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudur Rahman
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Wang D, Zhao J, Zhai S, Ye H, Bu L, Fan F. Does sleep disturbance predicts posttraumatic stress disorder and depression among college students during COVID-19 lockdown? A longitudinal survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:986934. [PMID: 36176529 PMCID: PMC9514232 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.986934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep disturbances, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in a large cohort of Chinese adolescents experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Participants were 67905 Chinese college students in the two-wave longitudinal web-based survey during early COVID-19 outbreak (Time1, T1: Feb 3rd to 10th, 2020) and initial remission period (Time2, T2: March 24th to April 3rd, 2020). The Youth Self Rating Insomnia Scale (YSIS), 6-Item Impact of Event Scale (IES-6), and 9-Item Patient Heath Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess adolescents' sleep, PTSD, and depressive symptoms, respectively, at T1 and T2. Results Self-reported PTSD and depression prevalence at T1 were 34.6% and 21.6% respectively. While depressive symptoms worsened as the lockdown time increased, while PTSD symptoms decreased. After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation at T1 were significantly associated with increased PTSD and depressive symptoms at T2. Furthermore, sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation also predicted the new onset and persistence of PTSD and depression. Conclusion Sleep disturbance predicts the development and persistence of PTSD and depression. Early assessment and treatment of sleep disturbance may be an important strategy for prevention and intervention of PTSD and depression in adolescents after experiencing the special public health emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Zhai
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Haoxian Ye
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luowei Bu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Ma Z, Wang D, Zhao J, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jiang J, Pan Y, Yang Z, Zhu Z, Liu X, Fan F. Longitudinal associations between multiple mental health problems and suicidal ideation among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2022; 311:425-431. [PMID: 35597475 PMCID: PMC9116974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research suggested that COVID-19-related multiple mental health problems were associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideations (SIs), but population-based data demonstrating these associations are scarce. This study aimed to estimate the cumulative effects of psychological risk factors on SIs during the outbreak and remission periods of COVID-19 using a cumulative risk model, as well as sex differences. METHODS A total of 68,685 college students in China participated in the survey during two phases of the pandemic (T1 and T2). Mental health risks (acute stress, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms) and sociodemographic characteristics were measured at T1, and SIs were assessed at T1 and T2. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine the combined effect of multiple mental health problems on SIs at T1 and T2. RESULTS The prevalence of SIs increased from the early periods of the COVID-19 pandemic (7.6%) to the later periods (10.0%). Depression was a powerful risk factor for SIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals with >3 mental risks would be most likely to experience rapidly increasing SIs during the early periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sex exerted different effects on the cumulative risk model of SIs. CONCLUSIONS Interventions, such as mental health education and improving utilization of student support services, should be implemented. There is a crucial need for early intervention and prevention efforts aimed at males with greater than three mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiaqi Jiang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Ye Pan
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhu
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China.
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Suicide ideation and/or attempt with substance use and associated factors among the youth in northwest Ethiopia, community-based. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:507. [PMID: 35902853 PMCID: PMC9331079 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use is referring to the use of psychoactive substances like chat, cigarettes, alcohol, and others. The use of substances particularly (alcohol, chat, and cigarette) is a major mental health burden in developing countries including Ethiopia among youth. Suicide ideation and an attempt are thinking or trying to kill oneself that facilitates the act of a person intentionally causing his or her death. Suicide is one of the most serious mental health problems and has a great social impact in the world as it is currently the third leading cause of death for youth. Youth is defined as the period of life between childhood and maturity with an age interval of (15-25). METHOD A cross-sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts with substance use among youth in northwest Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling techniques of stratified with simple random sample ware used. In the first stage, substance users are selected then as the second stage among substance users the burden of suicide behavior is assessed. ASIST, DASS-21, and other tools were used to assess suicidal behavior with substance use and associated factors. Data were edited, purified, and entered into Epi-data version 4.6 before being exported to the statistical package for social sciences version 20 for analysis of bi-variables to see the associations' p-value < 0.2 and multi-variables to identify the associated variables with a p-value of < 0.05 AOR and CI also done. RESULTS From a total of 372 substance user participants over all prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among youth was 54(14.5%) with 95% CI of (11.0,18.0) and 37(9.9%) with 95% CI (7.0, 13.0) respectively. Being female [AOR =2.36;95% CI:(1.19, 4.68)], poor social support [AOR =3.03; 95% CI: (1.11, 8.25)], and anxiety [AOR = 3.82: 95% CI; (1.96, 7.46)]. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among substance users was 14.5 and 9.9% respectively therefore, immediate interventional actions needed to be administered to decrease the burden of suicide by reducing substance use and other associated factors.
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Tang NKY, McEnery KAM, Chandler L, Toro C, Walasek L, Friend H, Gu S, Singh SP, Meyer C. Pandemic and student mental health: mental health symptoms among university students and young adults after the first cycle of lockdown in the UK. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e138. [PMID: 35880308 PMCID: PMC9345288 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early COVID-19 research suggests a detrimental impact of the initial lockdown on young people's mental health. AIMS We investigated mental health among university students and young adults after the first UK lockdown and changes in symptoms over 6 months. METHOD In total, 895 university students and 547 young adults not in higher education completed an online survey at T1 (July-September 2020). A subset of 201 university students also completed a 6 month follow-up survey at T2 (January-March 2021). Anxiety, depression, insomnia, substance misuse and suicide risk were assessed. RESULTS At T1, approximately 40%, 25% and 33% of the participants reported moderate to severe anxiety and depression and substance misuse risk, clinically significant insomnia and suicidal risk. In participants reassessed at T2, reductions were observed in anxiety and depression but not in insomnia, substance misuse or suicidality. Student and non-student participants reported similar levels of mental health symptoms. Student status was not a significant marker of mental health symptoms, except for lower substance misuse risk.Cross-sectionally, greater symptoms across measures were consistently associated with younger age, pre-existing mental health conditions, being a carer, worse financial status, increased sleep irregularity and difficulty since lockdown. Longitudinally, T2 symptoms were consistently associated with worse financial status and increased difficulty sleeping at T1. However, these associations were attenuated when baseline mental health symptoms were adjusted for in the models. CONCLUSIONS Mental health symptoms were prevalent in a large proportion of young people after the first UK lockdown. Risk factors identified may help characterise high-risk groups for enhanced support and inform interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla Toro
- Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, UK
| | | | - Hannah Friend
- Wellbeing and Safeguarding Group, Professional Services, University of Warwick, UK
| | - Sai Gu
- Executive Office and School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK
| | - Swaran P Singh
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, UK
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Kaur W, Balakrishnan V, Chen YY, Periasamy J. Mental Health Risk Factors and Coping Strategies among Students in Asia Pacific during COVID-19 Pandemic-A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:8894. [PMID: 35897264 PMCID: PMC9329973 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 has forced higher education institutes to go into lockdown in order to curb the situation. This sudden change caused students within the institutions to forgo traditional face to face classroom settings and to attend immediate online classes. This review aims to summarize the evidence of the social demographic mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on students in higher education institutes within the Asia Pacific region and identify the coping mechanisms adopted during these times. A systematic literature search was conducted using three databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus), out of which 64 studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The findings revealed that the social demographic groups most at risk were female students, those who were in the final years of their studies (i.e., students who were almost graduating), and postgraduate students as well as students studying medical fields (nursing, dental, medicine, health sciences etc.). The majority of the studies identified that students were relying on mobile devices and extended screen time to cope with the pandemic. Having proper social support, be it through a network of friends or positive family cohesion, can be a good buffer against the mental impacts of COVID-19. Students in higher education institutes are at risk of mental consequences due to COVID-19. By reducing their screen time, finding a healthier coping system, increasing the availability of support within the family and community, as well as actively engaging in beneficial activities students may be able to alleviate general negative emotions, specifically during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandeep Kaur
- Faculty of Information Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Vimala Balakrishnan
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Yoke Yong Chen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Malaysia;
| | - Jeyarani Periasamy
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia;
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28
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Zhang L, Cai H, Bai W, Zou SY, Feng KX, Li YC, Liu HZ, Du X, Zeng ZT, Lu CM, Zhang L, Mi WF, Ding YH, Yang JJ, Jackson T, Cheung T, Su Z, An FR, Xiang YT. Prevalence of suicidality in clinically stable patients with major depressive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2022; 307:142-148. [PMID: 35337925 PMCID: PMC8938301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with an increased risk of mental health problems including suicide in many subpopulations, but its influence on stable patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been studied fleetingly. This study examined the one-year prevalence of suicidality including suicidal ideation (SI), suicide plans (SP), and suicide attempts (SA) as well as their correlates in clinically stable MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between October 1, 2020, and October 15, 2021, in six tertiary psychiatric hospitals. Socio-demographic information, clinical data and one-year prevalence of suicidality were recorded. RESULTS Altogether, 1718 participants who met the eligibility criteria were included. The overall one-year prevalence of suicidality during the COVID-19 pandemic was 68.04% (95% confidence intervals (CI) =65.84-70.25%), with one-year SI prevalence of 66.4% (95%CI = 64.18-68.65%), SP prevalence of 36.26% (95%CI = 33.99-38.54%), and SA prevalence of 39.35% (95%CI = 37.04-41.66%). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed male gender, married marital status, college education level and above and age were negatively associated with risk of suicidality. Urban residence, unemployed work status, experiences of cyberbullying, a history of suicide among family members or friends, and more severe fatigue, physical pain, and residual depressive symptoms were positively associated with risk of suicidality. CONCLUSIONS Suicidality is common among clinically stable MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular suicide screening and preventive measures should be provided to clinically stable MDD patients during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Guangxi province, China
| | - Hong Cai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China,Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei Bai
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China,Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Si-Yun Zou
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Ke-Xin Feng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu province, China
| | - Yu-Chen Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Zhen-Tao Zeng
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Guangxi province, China
| | - Chang-Mou Lu
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Guangxi province, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu province, China
| | - Wen-Fang Mi
- Department of Psychiatry, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu province, China
| | - Yan-Hong Ding
- Department of Psychiatry, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu province, China
| | - Juan-Juan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- Center on Smart and Connected Health Technologies, Mays Cancer Center, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Feng-Rong An
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, School of Mental Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Guangxi province, China; Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Liang SW, Liu LL, Peng XD, Chen JB, Huang AD, Wang XY, Zhao JB, Fan F, Liu XC. Prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a 3-wave repeated survey. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:336. [PMID: 35570282 PMCID: PMC9107580 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a major public health crisis, harms individuals' mental health. This 3-wave repeated survey aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in a large sample of college students in China. METHODS Using a repeated cross-sectional survey design, we conducted 3 online surveys of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic at 22 universities in Guandong, China. The 3 surveys were conducted during the outbreak period (T1: 3 February to 10 February 2020, N = 164,101), remission period (T2: 24 March to 3 April 2020, N = 148,384), and normalized prevention and control period (T3: 1 June to 15 June 2020, N = 159,187). Suicidal ideation was measured by the ninth item of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. A range of suicide-related factors was assessed, including sociodemographic characteristics, depression, anxiety, insomnia, pre-existing mental health problems, and COVID-19-related factors. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 8.5%, 11.0% and 12.6% at T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Male sex (aOR: 1.35-1.44, Ps < 0.001), poor self-perceived mental health (aOR: 2.25-2.81, Ps < 0.001), mental diseases (aOR: 1.52-2.09, P < 0.001), prior psychological counseling (aOR: 1.23-1.37, Ps < 0.01), negative perception of the risk of the COVID-19 epidemic (aOR: 1.14-1.36, Ps < 0.001), depressive symptoms (aOR: 2.51-303, Ps < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (aOR: 1.62-101.11, Ps < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation appeared to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic remission period among college students in China. Multiple factors, especially mental health problems, are associated with suicidal ideation. Psychosocial interventions should be implemented during and after the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce suicide risk among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Wei Liang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Peng
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Bin Chen
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - An-di Huang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia-Yong Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Bo Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian-Chen Liu
- Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Torres A, Palomin A, Morales F, Sevilla-Matos M, Colunga-Rodríguez C, Ángel-González M, Sarabia-López LE, Dávalos-Picazo G, Delgado-García D, Duclos-Bastías D, Vazquez-Colunga JC, Vazquez-Juarez CL, Egea-Romero MP, Mercado A. A Cross-sectional Study of the Mental Health Symptoms of Latin American, US Hispanic, and Spanish College Students Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-20. [PMID: 35497073 PMCID: PMC9037057 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00827-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Young adults and racial/ethnic minorities report the worst mental health outcomes during the COVID19 pandemic, according to the Center for Disease Control (2020). The objectives of this study were (1) to identify common mental health symptoms among Latin American, US Hispanic, and Spanish college students, and (2) to identify clinical features predictive of higher post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among this population. The study sample included 1,113 college students from the USA, Mexico, Chile, Ecuador, and Spain who completed an online survey containing demographic questions and mental health screeners. Findings revealed higher scores of depression, suicidality, and PTSS compared to pre-pandemic levels and current scores by non-Spanish speaking college students; however, less than 5% of participants endorsed clinical levels of anxiety. After controlling for demographic profiles and sociocultural values, clinical symptoms of depression, loneliness, perceived stress, anxiety, and coping strategies explained 62% of the PTSS variance. Age, history of mental illness, perceived social support, and familism were not significant predictors. This sample of college students revealed higher mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. The high prevalence of PTSS highlights the need to develop pragmatic, cost-effective, and culturally sensitive prevention and intervention strategies to mitigate these symptoms. Implications for college administrators and clinicians are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Torres
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W, University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
| | - Amanda Palomin
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W, University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
| | - Frances Morales
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W, University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
| | - Maria Sevilla-Matos
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W, University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
| | - Cecilia Colunga-Rodríguez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Diemen Delgado-García
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W, University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
| | - Daniel Duclos-Bastías
- Escuela de Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Alfonso Mercado
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W, University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
- School of Medicine, Neurology and Psychiatry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA
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31
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Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Masud JHB, Kundu S, Mosaddek ASM, Choudhuri MSK, Kira IA, Gozal D. The psychometric properties of the Bangla Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): preliminary reports from a large-scale validation study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:280. [PMID: 35443625 PMCID: PMC9020159 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) is the most widely used screening tool in assessing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM-5) criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly translated Bangla PCL-5. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 10,605 individuals (61.0% male; mean age: 23.6 ± 5.5 [13-71 years]) during May and June 2020, several months after the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh. The survey included the Bangla PCL-5 and the PHQ-9 depression scale. We used confirmatory factor analysis to test the four-factor DSM-5 model, the six-factor Anhedonia model, and the seven-factor hybrid model. RESULTS The Bangla PCL-5 displayed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90). The Bangla PCL-5 score was significantly correlated with scores of the PHQ-9 depression scale, confirming strong convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated the models had a good fit to the data, including the four-factor DSM-5 model, the six-factor Anhedonia model, and the seven-factor hybrid model. Overall, the seven-factor hybrid model exhibited the best fit to the data. CONCLUSIONS The Bangla PCL-5 appears to be a valid and reliable psychometric screening tool that may be employed in the prospective evaluation of posttraumatic stress disorder in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh
| | - Most. Zannatul Ferdous
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh
| | - Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,Public Health Informatics Foundation (PHIF), Mirpur, Dhaka-1216 Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,grid.444800.c0000 0000 9772 7011Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Shinagawa City, Tokyo, 140-0011 Japan
| | - Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,Department of Pharmacology, Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Uttara, Dhaka-1230 Bangladesh
| | - M. Shahabuddin K. Choudhuri
- Quest Bangladesh Biomedical Research Center, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 Bangladesh ,grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh ,United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) Herbal Medicines Compendium South Asia Expert Panel Member, New Delhi, India
| | - Ibrahim A. Kira
- Center for Cumulative Trauma Studies, Stone Mountain, GA USA ,grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Affiliate of Center for Stress, Trauma and Resiliency, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - David Gozal
- grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, The University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201 USA
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Barberis N, Cannavò M, Cuzzocrea F, Verrastro V. Suicidal Behaviours During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2022; 19:84-96. [PMID: 35601250 PMCID: PMC9112993 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective Novel COVID-19 disease has become a major concern worldwide, and a recent line of research warned that the context of the COVID-19 pandemic may be a major risk factor for developing severe suicidal behaviors. A broad systematic review is needed to cover the studies that have already assessed the potential underlying factors for suicidal behaviors in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak. Method A total of 52 studies met the inclusion criteria, and data were then described according to the subsequent categories: (1) countries where the studies were carried out; (2) factors impacting suicidal behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak; and (3) examination of the observed populations. Results Findings of the current systematic review suggest that there is a certain amount of heterogeneity in factors impacting suicidal behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak, with economic downturn, psychiatric vulnerability, isolation and quarantine, health concerns, and relational difficulties being the most prominent reasons for developing suicidal behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions Timely interventions are needed to prevent suicidal behaviors in both the clinical and general populations, and in this regard, the creation of standard procedures may speed up the process.
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Tri Sakti AM, Mohd Ajis SZ, Azlan AA, Kim HJ, Wong E, Mohamad E. Impact of COVID-19 on School Populations and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4024. [PMID: 35409707 PMCID: PMC8997877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Apart from the severe impact on public health and well-being, the chain effect resulting from the COVID-19 health crisis is a profound disruption for various other sectors, notably in education. COVID-19 has driven massive transformation in many aspects of the educational landscape, particularly as teaching and learning shifted online due to school closure. Despite the many impacts of the health crises on school populations, a systematic review regarding this particular issue has yet to be conducted. This study, therefore, attempts to comprehensively review the impact of health crises on school populations (student, teacher, parent, and school administration). An extensive literature search guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) reporting checklist was performed in two selected databases, namely Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus to identify how this particular topic was previously studied. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were set to ensure that only research papers written in English from the year 2000 to the present (April 2021) were included. From a total of 457 studies screened, only 41 of them were deemed eligible to be included for qualitative synthesis. The findings revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic was the only health crisis discussed when it comes to investigating the impact of health crises on school populations. This study found four notable consequences of health crises on school populations, which are impacts on mental health, teaching and learning, quality of life, and physical health. Among factors associated with the impact of the health crises are; demographic factors, concerns about the pandemic, education-related factors, health-related factors, geographic factors, economic concerns, teaching challenges, and parenting in the pandemic. This study is expected to be a reference for future works in formulating crises mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of health crises on schools by exploring the contexts of the crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Muhammad Tri Sakti
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- UKM x UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Faculty of Communication Science, Mercu Buana University, Jakarta 11650, Indonesia
| | - Siti Zaiton Mohd Ajis
- UKM x UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Arina Anis Azlan
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- UKM x UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- UNICEF Malaysia Country Office, Putrajaya 62100, Malaysia
| | - Elizabeth Wong
- UNICEF Malaysia Country Office, Putrajaya 62100, Malaysia
| | - Emma Mohamad
- Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- UKM x UNICEF Communication for Development Centre in Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
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Brailovskaia J, Truskauskaite-Kuneviciene I, Kazlauskas E, Gelezelyte O, Teismann T, Margraf J. Physical activity, mental and physical health during the Covid-19 outbreak: longitudinal predictors of suicide ideation in Germany. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 31:1-11. [PMID: 35369671 PMCID: PMC8956329 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim Suicide ideation has increased since the outbreak of Covid-19 in many countries. The present longitudinal study investigated potential predictors of suicide ideation. Subject and methods Data of 406 participants from Germany (age M = 27.69, SD = 6.88) were assessed via online surveys in spring 2020 (baseline, BL) and in spring 2021 (follow-up, FU). Results The current results reveal a significant increase in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress between 2020 and 2021. Positive mental health (PMH), sense of control, and physical health significantly decreased. Depression symptoms (BL), PMH (BL), and consciously enhanced physical activity since the pandemic outbreak (FU) significantly predicted 12-month suicide ideation (FU). In a moderated mediation analysis, the positive relationship between depression and suicide ideation was significantly mediated by PMH. Consciously enhanced physical activity significantly moderated the negative association between PMH and suicide ideation. Conclusion The context of Covid-19 could negatively impact mental health and physical health. This might increase the risk for suicide ideation. However, PMH and physical activity might serve as protective factors. The protective effect of physical activity could be especially important in people with high depression symptoms and low PMH, such as clinical patients. Potential ways of how PMH and physical activity could be enhanced in the Covid-19 context to prevent suicide ideation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Evaldas Kazlauskas
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Odeta Gelezelyte
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
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Ali M, Uddin Z, Amran Hossain KM, Uddin TR. Depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal behavior among Bangladeshi undergraduate rehabilitation students: An observational study amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e549. [PMID: 35284647 PMCID: PMC8905129 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Common mental health symptoms (CMHS) like depressive moods, anxiety, and stress are the underlying causes of suicidal behavior. The incidence of suicide is higher among Bangladeshi students. Due to the pandemic, students of health/rehabilitation sciences are at the most significant risk. This study aimed to measure the prevalence rate and predicting factors for depression, anxiety and stress, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in Bangladeshi undergraduate rehabilitation students. Methods This cross-sectional study included data from 731 participants. Descriptive analyses estimated prevalence, and multivariate logistic regression models identified the factors associated with CMHS and suicidal behavior after adjusting the confounders. Results The result shows a high prevalence of moderate to very severe CMHS and a higher risk of suicidal ideation among rehabilitation students. Sociodemographic factors, illness, behavior, institution, and subject-related issues were identified as the predicting factors of CMHS and suicidal behavior. The students suffering from mental health symptoms reported suicidal ideation and attempted at a significantly higher rate. Conclusion To deal with CHMS and suicide risk, a holistic, supportive approach from government and academic institutions are essential for minimizing the predicting factors identified by this study. The study is helpful for the government regulatory body and policymakers to take immediate steps for preventing CMHS and suicidal behavior among rehabilitation students in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- Department of Physiotherapy and RehabilitationUttara Adhunik Medical College and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
- Hasna Hena PainPhysiotherapy and Public Health Research Center (HPRC)DhakaBangladesh
| | - Zakir Uddin
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Kazi M. Amran Hossain
- Department of PhysiotherapyBangladesh Health Professions Institute, CRPDhakaBangladesh
- Cross Specialty Research TeamEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation TrustKentUK
| | - Turjo R. Uddin
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
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Crisol-Deza D, Poma-Ramírez D, Pacherres-López A, Noriega-Baella C, Villanueva-Zúñiga L, Salvador-Carrillo J, Huarcaya-Victoria J. Factors associated with suicidal ideation among medical students during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru: A multicenter study. DEATH STUDIES 2022; 47:183-191. [PMID: 35201957 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2022.2042752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to describe the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation in a sample of 1238 medical students from different medical schools in Peru based on question 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Our results revealed that 17.9% of the participants had suicidal ideation. Furthermore, using logistic regression, we found that not practicing any religion, the presence of clinically significant depression, and the presence of clinically significant anxiety were statistically related to the presence of suicidal ideation. Our results indicate that suicidal ideation was highly prevalent in the sample of medical students studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Crisol-Deza
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Perú
- Red de Eficacia Clínica y Sanitaria, REDECS, Lima, Perú
| | - Diana Poma-Ramírez
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista (SOCIEM - UPSJB), Lima, Perú
| | - Andrés Pacherres-López
- Centro de Investigación en Educación Médica, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Perú
| | | | | | - José Salvador-Carrillo
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Filial Chincha, Perú
| | - Jeff Huarcaya-Victoria
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Servicio de Psiquiatría de Adultos, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Seguro Social de Salud EsSalud, Lima, Perú
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Rahman QM, Khan AH, Al Zubayer A, Ahmed M, Hasan MT, Rahaman A, Islam MB, Al Mazid Bhuiyan MR, Rimti FH, Khan MKA, Hossain MZ, Haque MA. Factors associated with suicidal behavior among university students in Bangladesh after one year of COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08782. [PMID: 35079654 PMCID: PMC8770253 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak spillovers mental health burden where suicide is a common psychological public health issue that affects people all over the world. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with suicidal behavior among university students in Bangladesh after one year of the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2100 Bangladeshi university students aged ≥18 years from April 29 to May 15, 2021. The survey questionnaire contained socio-demographic information, COVID-19 related physical and psychosocial factors (CRPPF), preventive response to psychological stress, and the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) scale. Descriptive statistics along with logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS About 47.90% of the students were at risk of suicidal behavior, and female students were very likely to be at risk of suicidal behavior than their male counterparts (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.86 to 2.81). Keeping distance from friends or family (AOR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.04), having relationship problems (AOR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.79 to 2.70), feeling own selves as burden to families (AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 2.02 to 3.11), and being stressed of lockdown (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.03) were highlighted as some of the significant factors associated with increased risk of suicidal behavior. CONCLUSION University students were exposed to several factors that impose the risk of developing suicidal behavior. Concerned authorities should design & implement appropriate strategies for ensuring suicidal prevention besides their mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quazi Maksudur Rahman
- Department of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Abid Hasan Khan
- Department of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | | | - Masruk Ahmed
- Department of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - M. Tasdik Hasan
- Jeeon Bangladesh Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arifur Rahaman
- Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Bulbul Islam
- Centre for Entrepreneurship Development (CED), BRAC University (BRACU), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | - Md. Ariful Haque
- BFT Medical Institute, Satkhira, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Anwer Khan Modern Medical College and Hospital, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Giner L, Vera-Varela C, de la Vega D, Zelada GM, Guija JA. Suicidal Behavior in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022; 24:1-10. [PMID: 35080711 PMCID: PMC8790944 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been numerous social changes to try to contain the spread of the disease. These sudden changes in daily life have also changed the way we relate to others, in addition to creating a climate of uncertainty and fear. Therefore, the objective of this review is to compile published data of the consequences of suicidal behavior in the first months from the onset of the pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS The analysis reflects a concern about issues related to suicide since the beginning of the pandemic. A large number of online surveys have been released and have provided data on relatively large populations. The percentage of the population with suicidal ideation in that period seems to be approximately 5-15%. Many studies associate suicidal ideation with being young, female, and presence of sleep problems. Surveys of healthcare workers do not seem to indicate a higher prevalence of suicidal ideation compared to the general population. The incidence of suicide attempts seen in emergency departments did not seem to change, while the number of visits for other issues, unrelated to suicide, did decrease. The few studies on completed suicide do not indicate an increase in incidence in these first 6 months since March 2020, when the WHO declared the start of the pandemic. It does not seem that there have been major changes in the figures related to suicidal behavior in the studies from the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, although it is still too early to know the consequences it will have long term. The social and economic damages resulting from the pandemic will certainly take a long time to recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Giner
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Diego de la Vega
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Unidad de Hospitalización de Salud Mental. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental del Hospital Virgen Macarena. Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Seville, Spain
| | - Giovani M Zelada
- Internal Medicine/Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Julio A Guija
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Medicina Legal Y Ciencias Forenses de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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Prevalence of Anxiety in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010062. [PMID: 35010323 PMCID: PMC8750929 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a dearth of evidence synthesis on the prevalence of anxiety among university students even though the risk of psychological disorders among this population is quite high. We conducted a quantitative systematic review to estimate the global prevalence of anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search for cross-sectional studies on PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO, using PRISMA guidelines, was conducted from September 2020 to February 2021. A total of 36 studies were included, using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled proportion of anxiety. A meta-analysis of the prevalence estimate of anxiety yielded a summary prevalence of 41% (95% CI = 0.34–0.49), with statistically significant evidence of between-study heterogeneity (Q = 80801.97, I2 = 100%, p ≤ 0.0001). A subgroup analysis reported anxiety prevalence in Asia as 33% (95% CI:0.25–0.43), the prevalence of anxiety in Europe as 51% (95% CI: 0.44–0.59), and the highest prevalence of anxiety in the USA as 56% (95% CI: 0.44–0.67). A subgroup gender-based analysis reported the prevalence of anxiety in females as 43% (95% CI:0.29–0.58) compared to males with an anxiety prevalence of 39% (95% CI:0.29–0.50). University students seem to have a high prevalence of anxiety, indicating an increased mental health burden during this pandemic.
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Zhu J, Racine N, Xie EB, Park J, Watt J, Eirich R, Dobson K, Madigan S. Post-secondary Student Mental Health During COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:777251. [PMID: 34955924 PMCID: PMC8709535 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.777251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed notable challenges to post-secondary students, causing concern for their psychological well-being. In the face of school closures, academic disruptions, and constraints on social gatherings, it is crucial to understand the extent to which mental health among post-secondary students has been impacted in order to inform support implementation for this population. The present meta-analysis examines the global prevalence of clinically significant depression and anxiety among post-secondary students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several moderator analyses were also performed to examine sources of variability in depression and anxiety prevalence rates. A systematic search was conducted across six databases on May 3, 2021, yielding a total of 176 studies (1,732,456 participants) which met inclusion criteria. Random-effects meta-analyses of 126 studies assessing depression symptoms and 144 studies assessing anxiety symptoms were conducted. The pooled prevalence estimates of clinically elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms for post-secondary students during the COVID-19 pandemic was 30.6% (95% CI: 0.274, 0.340) and 28.2% (CI: 0.246, 0.321), respectively. The month of data collection and geographical region were determined to be significant moderators. However, student age, sex, type (i.e., healthcare student vs. non-healthcare student), and level of training (i.e., undergraduate, university or college generally; graduate, medical, post-doctorate, fellow, trainee), were not sources of variability in pooled rates of depression and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic. The current study indicates a call for continued access to mental health services to ensure post-secondary students receive adequate support during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO website: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42021253547.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenney Zhu
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole Racine
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Julianna Park
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Julianna Watt
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rachel Eirich
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keith Dobson
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
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41
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Sandoval-Almazan R, Valle-Cruz D. Social media use in government health agencies: The COVID-19 impact. INFORMATION POLITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/ip-210326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Government communications typically use social media for federal agencies, national policies, and emergency cases. However, it is crucial to understand the use of these platforms within local government agencies. This investigation fills this gap and includes social media data during three months of the COVID-19 pandemic and compares it with previous trends. The research question that leads this research is: How has government social media use and communication behavior changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic? This research analyzes a study case applied to a local Mexican government agency named ISSEMyM. We analyze the data during the period between October 2017 and June 2020. Findings reveal a consistent use of Twitter and Facebook for communication by the ISSEMyM government agency. Also, it indicates an increase in engagement and communication flow over three years. We found that official local government communications remained unchanged during the whole period. We found no change in interaction, number of followers, and message structure during this period; however, the COVID-19 pandemic radically alters interactions, followers, and user engagement.
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Jiang Y, Yao Y, Zhu X, Wang S. The Influence of College Students' Empathy on Prosocial Behavior in the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Social Responsibility. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:782246. [PMID: 34925107 PMCID: PMC8674939 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.782246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosocial behavior has played an irreplaceable role during the COVID-19 pandemic, not only in infection prevention and control, but also in improving individual mental health. The current study was conducted after COVID-19 control was under the stage of Ongoing Prevention and Control in China. Using the Interpersonal Response Scale, Prosocial Tendencies Measure and Big Five Personality Questionnaire. In total, 898 college students participated in the current study (Mage = 19.50, SDage = 1.05, Age range = 16-24). The result showed that against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, college students' social responsibility partially mediated the relationship between empathy and prosocial behavior. This study provides new insights and inspiration for improving college students' mental health in the context of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Department of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Youjuan Yao
- Department of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shiling Wang
- Department of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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López Steinmetz LC, Fong SB, Godoy JC. Suicidal risk and impulsivity-related traits among young Argentinean college students during a quarantine of up to 103-day duration: Longitudinal evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2021; 51:1175-1188. [PMID: 34453361 PMCID: PMC8646869 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine longitudinal changes on suicidal risk levels, adjusting for impulsivity-related traits, quarantine duration, main demographic factors, mental disorder history, and loneliness, in young Argentinean college students with (ideation; attempt) and without suicidal behavior history, during a quarantine of up to 103-day duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A longitudinal design with two-repeated measures was used (N = 1202). Follow-up was a month later from the first measurement. Three groups were analyzed: with suicidal ideation history, with suicide attempt history, and without suicidal behavior history. RESULTS Percentages of college students with high or moderate suicidal risk were alarming (accumulated: 62.23% first measurement, 57.65% second measurement). Multilevel analysis on the three groups showed that suicidal risk diminished from the first measurement to the follow-up, having mental disorder history predicted higher suicidal risk, and negative urgency had the largest increasing effects on suicidal risk which persisted over time. CONCLUSIONS Suicidal risk widely affects college students during lengthy quarantines of the COVID-19 pandemic and it should be tracked in those having pre-existing vulnerabilities, but also in those without. Education on managing negative emotions may help decrease suicide risk in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz
- Laboratorio de PsicologíaFacultad de PsicologíaInstituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi)Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) ‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Boulevard de la Reforma y Enfermera Gordillo, s/n.Córdoba5000Argentina
- Decanato de Ciencias SocialesUniversidad Siglo 21CórdobaArgentina
| | | | - Juan Carlos Godoy
- Laboratorio de PsicologíaFacultad de PsicologíaInstituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi)Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) ‐ Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Boulevard de la Reforma y Enfermera Gordillo, s/n.Córdoba5000Argentina
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Fan CW, Drumheller K, Chen IH, Huang HH. College students' sleep difficulty during COVID-19 and correlated stressors: A large-scale cross-sessional survey study. SLEEP EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 1:100004. [PMID: 35673622 PMCID: PMC8684700 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepe.2021.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective Sleep difficulty is one of the main concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined factors related to vaccination and physical and psychological health conditions, and sleep difficulty in college students in China. Methods An online, cross-sectional, anonymous survey was used to investigate college students' perceived sleep difficulty and relevant components (i.e., physical health condition, psychological distress, knowledge of vaccine, and autonomy of vaccine uptake). Hierarchical ordinal logistic regression was conducted to examine the proposed model with the control of participants' demographics (i.e., gender and age). Results Valid data of 3,145 students from 43 universities in mainland China was collected in January 2021. The average age of participants was 20.8 years old (S. D. = 2.09). The majority were single (97.4%), and about half were male (49.8%). Results showed that participants had less psychological distress when they had more knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine and more autonomy to decide whether to receive it. In addition, participants with better physical health experienced less sleep difficulty. In contrast, those with more psychological distress experienced more sleep difficulty. Conclusions These findings can inform healthcare providers about the relationship between different factors and difficulty sleeping and aid them in developing interventions addressing sleep difficulties associated with the global pandemic. Health authorities also can improve vaccine uptake and reduce hesitancies in future vaccination campaigns based on the study results showing that greater vaccine knowledge and autonomy reduced psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Fan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, AdventHealth University, Orlando, Florida, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Kathryn Drumheller
- Department of Occupational Therapy, AdventHealth University, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - I-Hua Chen
- Chinese Academy of Education Big Data, Qufu Normal University, Qufu City, Shandong, China,International College, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hsin-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Statistics and Data Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Islam MS, Rahman ME, Zubayer AA, Bhuiyan MRAM, Khan MKA, Hossain L, Sujon MMA. Investigating Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Survey in Bangladesh. Front Public Health 2021; 9:724520. [PMID: 34881215 PMCID: PMC8645983 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.724520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the sleep quality of individuals, and is a poorly investigated area. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence estimate of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among Bangladeshi residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was carried out from July 20 to August 5, 2020, involving 975 Bangladeshi residents (male: 54.2%; mean age: 26.7 ± 9.4 years; age range: 18-75 years). A self-reported questionnaire was answered by the respondents, covering information on demographic characteristics, perceived physical health status, COVID-19-related factors, COVID-19-induced anxiety assessment, and sleep quality. To assess sleep quality, the Bangla version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used. Logistic regression models were performed to analyze the factors associated with sleep quality. Results: The prevalence estimate of poor sleep quality was 55.1% among the Bangladeshi people during the COVID-19 pandemic. As per the multiple regression analysis, poor sleep quality was significantly higher among respondents who reported female gender, moderate/poor health status, indirect contact with COVID-19 infected patients, decreased household income due to the COVID-19 pandemic, fear of infection, and COVID-19-induced anxiety. Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was slightly prevalent among general people in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate an immediate response for this vulnerable group to improve the sleep quality during the public health emergency of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Estiar Rahman
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Liakat Hossain
- Sheikh Sayera Khatun Medical College, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh
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Debnath PR, Islam MS, Karmakar PK, Sarker R, Zhai ZW, Potenza MN. Mental Health Concerns, Insomnia, and Loneliness Among Intern Doctors Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Large Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 21:1-21. [PMID: 34840536 PMCID: PMC8604201 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Precisely how intern doctors (or trainee physicians) have been impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic is currently poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the mental health consequences (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress), insomnia, and loneliness among intern doctors in Bangladesh amidst the pandemic. A cross-sectional offline survey of 108 intern doctors (53.7 % female; mean age = 24.80 ± 1.08; age range = 23-29 years) in a large tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh was conducted. The participants were surveyed randomly from respective wards during their duties with an anonymous and self-reported questionnaire assessing socio-demographics, COVID-19-related consideration, mental health, insomnia, loneliness, and other measures. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships. The prevalence estimates of mild to extremely severe depression, anxiety, and stress were 53.7 %, 63.9 %, and 38.9 %, respectively. Sub-threshold to severe insomnia was acknowledged by 53.7 % and loneliness by 43.5 %. Depression was associated with not receiving mental health counseling during the pandemic, anxiety, stress, and loneliness; anxiety was associated with depression and stress; stress was associated with depression, anxiety, and loneliness; insomnia was associated with being married; and loneliness was associated with poorer quality of life, depression, and stress. Depression, but not anxiety and insomnia, fully mediated the relationship between loneliness and regret regarding choice of profession because of the pandemic and its many unexpected experiences. The findings showed considerable mental health concerns, insomnia, and loneliness among intern doctors in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should further explore the role of mental health concerns in healthcare providers and perceptions of their profession during the pandemic, and examine interventions to help this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poly Rani Debnath
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College, Barishal, 8200 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Savar, 1342 Bangladesh
| | | | - Rumpa Sarker
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Zu Wei Zhai
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
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Wang D, Ross B, Zhou X, Meng D, Zhu Z, Zhao J, Fan F, Liu X. Sleep disturbance predicts suicidal ideation during COVID-19 pandemic: A two-wave longitudinal survey. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 143:350-356. [PMID: 34571319 PMCID: PMC8460177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation (SI) in a large cohort of adolescents experiencing the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis in China. METHODS One two-wave longitudinal web-based survey of sleep, SI, and depression was conducted among 67,905 college students (mean age = 20.23 years, SD = 1.63 years; 31.3% male) during the COVID-19 outbreak (Time1, T1: Feb 3rd to 10th, 2020) and initial remission period (Time2, T2: March 24th to April 3rd, 2020). RESULTS At T1 and T2, 8.5% and 9.7% of students reported sleep disturbance, 7.6% and 10.0% reported SI, respectively. The prevalence rates of SI at T1 and T2 increased significantly with sleep disturbance and short sleep duration. After adjusting for demographics, pandemic related factors, and depression at T1, sleep disturbance and short sleep duration at T1 were significantly associated with increased risk for SI at T2. Furthermore, sleep disturbance and short sleep duration predicted the new onset and persistence of SI. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that sleep disturbance predicts the development and persistence of SI. Early assessment and treatment of sleep disturbance may be an important strategy for prevention and intervention of SI in individuals after exposure to the special public health emergency of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Wang
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Brendan Ross
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiuzhu Zhou
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongjing Meng
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhu
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fang Fan
- School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Haddad JM, Macenski C, Mosier-Mills A, Hibara A, Kester K, Schneider M, Conrad RC, Liu CH. The Impact of Social Media on College Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Multinational Review of the Existing Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2021; 23:70. [PMID: 34613542 PMCID: PMC8493361 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-021-01288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW During the COVID-19 pandemic, both social media use and rates of anxiety and depression among college students have increased significantly. This begs the question, what is the relationship between social media use and college student mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic? RECENT FINDINGS Prior studies have found mixed results regarding the relationship between social media use and college student mental health. This relationship has become increasingly complex during the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that excessive or problematic social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic was correlated with worse mental health outcomes that could be mitigated by dialectical thinking, optimism, mindfulness, and cognitive reappraisal. The COVID-19 pandemic acts as a moderator by strengthening the relationship between social media use and mental health. Future studies should consider the impact of social media on college student mental health and concentrate on intervention initiatives to ensure the psychological well-being of college students during a global pandemic outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Haddad
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Christina Macenski
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Alice Hibara
- Harvard College, 86 Brattle Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Marguerite Schneider
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachel C Conrad
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cindy H Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St., 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Apu MAR, Musfique MM, Pardhan S. COVID-19-specific diabetes worries amongst diabetic patients: The role of social support and other co-variates. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 15:778-785. [PMID: 34210639 PMCID: PMC8226038 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted every individual's life. It has been shown that mortality in people with underlying diseases including diabetes has been very high. The present study aimed to measure diabetes related worries (outcome) and their associations with social support and lifestyle (exposures) amongst people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was completed by 928 respondents (>18 years) between 15-11-2020 and 12-12-2020. The questionnaire comprised four sections: socio-demographic details, diabetic-related worries, social support, and behavioral changes due to COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, correlations and hierarchical regression analysis were performed in the study. RESULTS Data from 928 respondents (51.61% male; mean age = 52.48 [SD = 11.76]; age range = 18-86 years) were analyzed. The mean score for COVID-19 specific diabetes worries was 3.13 out of 8. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the mean COVID-19-specific diabetes worries score was significantly associated with lower age, cigarette smoking, perceived poor health status, presence of other diabetic complications. Lack of social support from family, friends, work colleagues and diabetes care team and also eating more than usual were also significantly associated with COVID-19 specific diabetes worry. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes related worries were strongly associated with a lack of social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest the need of social support as well as improving knowledge and guidelines is important for people with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Most Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abdur Rahman Apu
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Miftah Musfique
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Young Street, Cambridge, UK.
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Mamun MA, al Mamun F, Hosen I, Hasan M, Rahman A, Jubayar AM, Maliha Z, Abdullah AH, Sarker MA, Kabir H, Jyoti AS, Kaggwa MM, Sikder MT. Suicidality in Bangladeshi Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Behavioral Factors, COVID-19 Risk and Fear, and Mental Health Problems. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:4051-4061. [PMID: 34616192 PMCID: PMC8488028 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s330282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is said that psychological stressors have risen during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may contribute to suicidality. A few studies were conducted investigating suicidality amid the first wave of the pandemic in Bangladesh, but none of these studies explored the predictive role of the suicidality-related factors (eg, behavior and health-related variables, COVID-19 risk, fear of COVID-19). Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of suicidality and the predictive models explaining suicidality variance among Bangladeshi young adults during the second wave of the pandemic. METHODS An online-based cross-sectional survey was conducted during the second wave of the pandemic (between 1 and 13 April 2021; a year after the pandemic's inception in the country). The survey questionnaire collected information on socio-demographics, behavior and health-related variables, COVID-19 risk, fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and suicidality. A total of 756 data were analyzed (male 59%; mean age 22.24 ±4.39 years), and hierarchical regression was performed considering suicidality as the dependent variable. A p-value <0.05 was set to be statistically significant with a 95% of confidence interval. RESULTS About 8.2% reported having at least suicidal thoughts within the pandemic inception to survey time (one-year suicidal ideation). More specifically, 7.40% had only suicidal ideation, whereas 0.10% planned for suicide, 0.70% attempted suicide. None of the socio-demographic variables was significantly associated with suicidality. Taking drugs, performing less physical activity, poor self-reporting health condition, being comorbid, being at higher COVID-19 risk, having fear of COVID-19 infection, and suffering from depression and anxiety were significantly associated with a higher risk of suicidality. However, the final model including all of the studied variables explained a 17.1% (F=8.245, p<0.001) variance in terms of suicidality. CONCLUSION Although this study reported a lower severity of suicidality than prior Bangladeshi studies conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, a portion of people are still at risk of suicide and they should be given attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj al Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abidur Rahman
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Ahsanul Mahbub Jubayar
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Zeba Maliha
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College, Faridpur, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Hasnat Abdullah
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abedin Sarker
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Humayun Kabir
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mark Mohan Kaggwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science & Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
- African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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