1
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Khong QT, Han ST, Park I, Na M. Development and Validation of UPLC-MS/MS Analysis for Sphingolipids Isolated from Velvet Antlers of Cervus elaphus. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17229-17237. [PMID: 38645377 PMCID: PMC11024965 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Deer velvet antlers, known as tonics, have created a large market as dietary supplements and have been consumed worldwide. Despite the high consumption of velvet antlers as dietary supplements, analytical methods for their identification and standardization remain limited. Quantitative analysis for gangliosides, considered quality indexes for velvet antlers, was developed to indirectly analyze the sialic acid obtained from chemical degradation. Owing to the complex and time-consuming chemical derivatization of gangliosides, a simple and rapid quality evaluation method for velvet antlers must be developed. For the first time, this study reports the isolation and structural elucidation of two new sphingomyelins (1 and 2), two known sphingomyelins (3 and 4), and four ceramides (5-8) as chemical markers from the velvet antlers of Cervus elaphus. To expedite and simplify the quality control of velvet antlers, advanced quantitative analysis of sphingolipids has been developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan T. Khong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer
Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United
States
| | - Sung-Tai Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
- R&D Headquarters, Korea
Ginseng
Corporation, 65, Gwacheon-daero 7-gil, Gwacheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 130810, Republic of Korea
| | - InWha Park
- Natural Product
Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung
Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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2
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Teixeira FS, Costa PT, Soares AMS, Fontes AL, Pintado ME, Vidigal SSMP, Pimentel LL, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM. Novel Lipids to Regulate Obesity and Brain Function: Comparing Available Evidence and Insights from QSAR In Silico Models. Foods 2023; 12:2576. [PMID: 37444314 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid molecules, such as policosanol, ergosterol, sphingomyelin, omega 3 rich phosphatidylcholine, α-tocopherol, and sodium butyrate, have emerged as novel additions to the portfolio of bioactive lipids. In this state-of-the-art review, we discuss these lipids, and their activity against obesity and mental or neurological disorders, with a focus on their proposed cellular targets and the ways in which they produce their beneficial effects. Furthermore, this available information is compared with that provided by in silico Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) models in order to understand the usefulness of these tools for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. Accordingly, it was possible to highlight how these lipids interact with various cellular targets related to the molecule transportation and absorption (e.g., α-tocopherol transfer protein for α-Tocopherol, ATP-binding cassette ABC transporters or Apolipoprotein E for sphingomyelins and phospholipids) or other processes, such as the regulation of gene expression (involving Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Proteins for ergosterol or Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in the case of policosanol) and inflammation (the regulation of interleukins by sodium butyrate). When comparing the literature with in silico Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models, it was observed that although they are useful for selecting bioactive molecules when compared in batch, the information they provide does not coincide when assessed individually. Our review highlights the importance of considering a broad range of lipids as potential bioactives and the need for accurate prediction of ADMET parameters in the discovery of new biomolecules. The information presented here provides a useful resource for researchers interested in developing new strategies for the treatment of obesity and mental or neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca S Teixeira
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula T Costa
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M S Soares
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luiza Fontes
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Pintado
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana S M P Vidigal
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lígia L Pimentel
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís M Rodríguez-Alcalá
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Expired Chicken Egg-White Extract’s Adsorption Behavior As a Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in 1M HCl. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/3416092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory activity of the expired egg-white carbon steel (CS) extract in HCl solution was studied in this article. The extract was examined using FT-IR, and the surface was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Weight loss techniques at various temperatures were used to examine corrosion investigations (298, 308, 318, and 328 K), concentrations (100, 200, 400, and 800 mg. L−1) of extracts, and electrochemical measurements (potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at 25°C and different concentrations. Results. Results obtained through EIS demonstrated a maximal inhibition efficiency of 90% at an inhibitor concentration of 800 mg. L−1. Moreover, the findings of the potentiodynamic polarization indicated that egg-white extract was a mixed type of inhibitor and slowed down both cathodic and anodic reactions. For weight loss analysis, an inhibitory potency (89, 83, 77, and 71%) at various temperatures (298, 308, 318, and 328 K) was demonstrated, respectively. It indicates that the temperature rise contributes to a decrease in the resistance of the carbon steel. The adsorption of the expired egg-white extract was spontaneous with physisorption and chemisorption according to the Langmuir isotherm model, according to adsorption isotherm studies.
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4
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Suzuki-Iwashima A, Iwasawa A, Kawai M, Kubouchi H, Ozaki R, Miyashita K, Shiota M. Antioxidant activity toward fish oil triacylglycerols exerted by sphingoid bases isolated from butter serum with α-tocopherol. Food Chem 2020; 334:127588. [PMID: 32721837 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A mixture of sphingoid bases (SPGs) was prepared from butter serum, a by-product of anhydrous milk fat production. The mixture comprised seven types of SPGs with C16 to C19 alkyl chains. These milk SPGs inhibited the oxidation of fish oil triacylglycerol (TAG) more effectively than did a standard SPG (d18:1) with α-tocopherol. Reaction products were prepared from the combination of d18:0 or d18:1 with acrolein and propanal. Both sets of reaction products showed antioxidant activity toward fish oil TAG. Antioxidant activity of reaction products from d18:0 was stronger than that of reaction products from d18:1, suggesting that the molecule d18:0 may be a significant focus of the difference in antioxidant activity between milk SPGs and d18:1. To use SPGs as food additives in the future, an appropriate source of SPGs will be needed, and butter serum appears to have promise as a source of functional SPGs with strong antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Suzuki-Iwashima
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., 1-1-2, Minamidai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1165, Japan.
| | - Ai Iwasawa
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., 1-1-2, Minamidai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1165, Japan; Central Food Analysis Laboratory, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., 1-1-2, Minamidai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1165, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Kawai
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., 1-1-2, Minamidai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1165, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kubouchi
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., 1-1-2, Minamidai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1165, Japan.
| | - Ryuhei Ozaki
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1, Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Makoto Shiota
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., 1-1-2, Minamidai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-1165, Japan.
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5
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Identification of ceramide 2-aminoethylphosphonate molecular species from different aquatic products by NPLC/Q-Exactive-MS. Food Chem 2020; 304:125425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Jakubec M, Bariås E, Kryuchkov F, Hjørnevik LV, Halskau Ø. Fast and Quantitative Phospholipidomic Analysis of SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Cultures Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21596-21603. [PMID: 31867556 PMCID: PMC6921604 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Global lipid analysis still lags behind proteomics with respect to the availability of databases, experimental protocols, and specialized software. Determining the lipidome of cellular model systems in common use is of particular importance, especially when research questions involve lipids directly. In Parkinson's disease research, there is a growing awareness for the role of the biological membrane, where individual lipids may contribute to provoking α-synuclein oligomerisation and fibrillation. We present an analysis of the whole cell and plasma membrane lipid isolates of a neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, a commonly used model system for research on this and other neurodegenerative diseases. We have used two complementary lipidomics methods. The relative quantities of PC, PE, SMs, CL, PI, PG, and PS were determined by 31P NMR. Fatty acid chain composition and their relative abundances within each phospholipid group were evaluated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. For this part of the analysis, we have developed and made available a set of Matlab scripts, LipMat. Our approach allowed us to observe several deviations of lipid abundances when compared to published reports regarding phospholipid analysis of cell cultures or brain matter. The most striking was the high abundance of PC (54.7 ± 1.9%) and low abundance of PE (17.8 ± 4.8%) and SMs (2.7 ± 1.2%). In addition, the observed abundance of PS was smaller than expected (4.7 ± 2.7%), similar to the observed abundance of PG (4.5 ± 1.8%). The observed fatty acid chain distribution was similar to the whole brain content with some notable differences: a higher abundance of 16:1 PC FA (17.4 ± 3.4% in PC whole cell content), lower abundance of 22:6 PE FA (15.9 ± 2.2% in plasma membrane fraction), and a complete lack of 22:6 PS FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jakubec
- Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PB 7803, Bergen NO 5020, Norway
| | - Espen Bariås
- Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PB 7803, Bergen NO 5020, Norway
| | - Fedor Kryuchkov
- Faculty of Veterinary and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 68, Oslo, Akershus NO 0033, Norway
| | - Linda Veka Hjørnevik
- Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PB 7803, Bergen NO 5020, Norway
| | - Øyvind Halskau
- Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PB 7803, Bergen NO 5020, Norway
- E-mail:
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7
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Dietary and Endogenous Sphingolipid Metabolism in Chronic Inflammation. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111180. [PMID: 29143791 PMCID: PMC5707652 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a common underlying factor in many major metabolic diseases afflicting Western societies. Sphingolipid metabolism is pivotal in the regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways. The regulation of sphingolipid metabolism is in turn influenced by inflammatory pathways. In this review, we provide an overview of sphingolipid metabolism in mammalian cells, including a description of sphingolipid structure, biosynthesis, turnover, and role in inflammatory signaling. Sphingolipid metabolites play distinct and complex roles in inflammatory signaling and will be discussed. We also review studies examining dietary sphingolipids and inflammation, derived from in vitro and rodent models, as well as human clinical trials. Dietary sphingolipids appear to influence inflammation-related chronic diseases through inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption, altering gut microbiota, activation of anti-inflammatory nuclear receptors, and neutralizing responses to inflammatory stimuli. The anti-inflammatory effects observed with consuming dietary sphingolipids are in contrast to the observation that most cellular sphingolipids play roles in augmenting inflammatory signaling. The relationship between dietary sphingolipids and low-grade chronic inflammation in metabolic disorders is complex and appears to depend on sphingolipid structure, digestion, and metabolic state of the organism. Further research is necessary to confirm the reported anti-inflammatory effects of dietary sphingolipids and delineate their impacts on endogenous sphingolipid metabolism.
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8
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Beccaria M, Inferrera V, Rigano F, Gorynski K, Purcaro G, Pawliszyn J, Dugo P, Mondello L. Highly informative multiclass profiling of lipids by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – Low resolution (quadrupole) mass spectrometry by using electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interfaces. J Chromatogr A 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Dietary sphingomyelin attenuates hepatic steatosis and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 40:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Kochen MA, Chambers MC, Holman JD, Nesvizhskii AI, Weintraub ST, Belisle JT, Islam MN, Griss J, Tabb DL. Greazy: Open-Source Software for Automated Phospholipid Tandem Mass Spectrometry Identification. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5733-41. [PMID: 27186799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipid identification from data produced with high-throughput technologies is essential to the elucidation of the roles played by lipids in cellular function and disease. Software tools for identifying lipids from tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra have been developed, but they are often costly or lack the sophistication of their proteomics counterparts. We have developed Greazy, an open source tool for the automated identification of phospholipids from MS/MS spectra, that utilizes methods similar to those developed for proteomics. From user-supplied parameters, Greazy builds a phospholipid search space and associated theoretical MS/MS spectra. Experimental spectra are scored against search space lipids with similar precursor masses using a peak score based on the hypergeometric distribution and an intensity score utilizing the percentage of total ion intensity residing in matching peaks. The LipidLama component filters the results via mixture modeling and density estimation. We assess Greazy's performance against the NIST 2014 metabolomics library, observing high accuracy in a search of multiple lipid classes. We compare Greazy/LipidLama against the commercial lipid identification software LipidSearch and show that the two platforms differ considerably in the sets of identified spectra while showing good agreement on those spectra identified by both. Lastly, we demonstrate the utility of Greazy/LipidLama with different instruments. We searched data from replicates of alveolar type 2 epithelial cells obtained with an Orbitrap and from human serum replicates generated on a quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF). These findings substantiate the application of proteomics derived methods to the identification of lipids. The software is available from the ProteoWizard repository: http://tiny.cc/bumbershoot-vc12-bin64 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Kochen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37203, United States
| | - Matthew C Chambers
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37203, United States
| | - Jay D Holman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37203, United States
| | - Alexey I Nesvizhskii
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States
| | - John T Belisle
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - M Nurul Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Johannes Griss
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) , Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, U.K. CB10 1SD.,Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - David L Tabb
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37203, United States
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11
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Canela N, Herrero P, Mariné S, Nadal P, Ras MR, Rodríguez MÁ, Arola L. Analytical methods in sphingolipidomics: Quantitative and profiling approaches in food analysis. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1428:16-38. [PMID: 26275862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, sphingolipidomics has emerged as an interesting omic science that encompasses the study of the full sphingolipidome characterization, content, structure and activity in cells, tissues or organisms. Like other omics, it has the potential to impact biomarker discovery, drug development and systems biology knowledge. Concretely, dietary food sphingolipids have gained considerable importance due to their extensively reported bioactivity. Because of the complexity of this lipid family and their diversity among foods, powerful analytical methodologies are needed for their study. The analytical tools developed in the past have been improved with the enormous advances made in recent years in mass spectrometry (MS) and chromatography, which allow the convenient and sensitive identification and quantitation of sphingolipid classes and form the basis of current sphingolipidomics methodologies. In addition, novel hyphenated nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) strategies, new ionization strategies, and MS imaging are outlined as promising technologies to shape the future of sphingolipid analyses. This review traces the analytical methods of sphingolipidomics in food analysis concerning sample extraction, chromatographic separation, the identification and quantification of sphingolipids by MS and their structural elucidation by NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Canela
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (COS-URV), Spain
| | - Pol Herrero
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (COS-URV), Spain
| | - Sílvia Mariné
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (COS-URV), Spain
| | - Pedro Nadal
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (COS-URV), Spain
| | - Maria Rosa Ras
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (COS-URV), Spain
| | | | - Lluís Arola
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (COS-URV), Spain.
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12
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Basit A, Piomelli D, Armirotti A. Rapid evaluation of 25 key sphingolipids and phosphosphingolipids in human plasma by LC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5189-98. [PMID: 25749796 PMCID: PMC4471391 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report on a new, sensitive, and fast LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 25 key sphingolipid components in human plasma, including phosphorylated sphinganine and sphingosine, in a single 9-min run. This method enables an effective and high-throughput coverage of the metabolic changes involving the sphingolipidome during physiological or pathological states. The method is based on liquid–liquid extraction followed by reversed-phase LC-MS/MS. Exogenous odd-chain lipids are used as cost-effective but reliable internal standards. The method was fully validated in surrogate matrix and naive human plasma following FDA guidelines. Sample stability and dilution integrity were also tested and verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
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13
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Quadruple parallel mass spectrometry for analysis of vitamin D and triacylglycerols in a dietary supplement. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1320:48-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Mielke MM, Haughey NJ, Bandaru VVR, Weinberg DD, Darby E, Zaidi N, Pavlik V, Doody RS, Lyketsos CG. Plasma sphingomyelins are associated with cognitive progression in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2012; 27:259-69. [PMID: 21841258 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2011-110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plasma sphingolipids have been shown to predict cognitive impairment and hippocampal volume loss, but there is little research in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study we sought to determine whether plasma ceramides, dihydroceramides (DHCer), sphingomyelins (SM), or dihydrosphingomyelin (DHSM) levels and ratios of SM/ceramide or DHSM/DHCer were predictive of progression in AD. Probable AD patients (n = 120) were enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center at Baylor College of Medicine. Plasma sphingolipids were assessed using ESI/MS/MS. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the relation between baseline plasma sphingolipid levels and cross-sectional and longitudinal performance on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), and Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-Sum). Participants were followed a mean of 4.2 visits and 2.3 years. There were no cross-sectional associations. In longitudinal analyses, high levels of DHCer and ceramide were associated with greater progression, but findings did not reach significance (p > 0.05). In contrast, higher plasma levels of SM, DHSM, SM/ceramide, and DHSM/DHCer ratios were associated with less progression on the MMSE and ADAS-Cog; the ratios were the strongest predictors of clinical progression. Compared to the lowest tertiles, the highest tertiles of DHSM/DHCer and SM/ceramide ratios declined 1.35 points (p = 0.001) and 1.19 (p = 0.004) points less per year on the MMSE and increased 3.18 (p = 0.001) and 2.42 (p = 0.016) points less per year on the ADAS-Cog. These results suggest that increased SM/ceramide and DHSM/DHCer ratios dose-dependently predict slower progression among AD patients and may be sensitive blood-based biomarkers for clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Lateral diffusion in equimolar mixtures of natural sphingomyelins with dioleoylphosphatidylcholine. Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 30:413-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Revised: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Farwanah H, Kolter T, Sandhoff K. Mass spectrometric analysis of neutral sphingolipids: Methods, applications, and limitations. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:854-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Filippov AV, Rudakova MA, Munavirov BV. Lateral diffusion in sphingomyelin bilayers. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2010; 48:945-950. [PMID: 21031608 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) is an important lipid of eukaryotic cellular membranes and neuronal tissues. We studied lateral diffusion in macroscopically oriented bilayers of synthetic palmitoylsphingomyelin (PSM) and natural sphingomyelins of egg yolk (eSM), bovine brain (bSM) and bovine milk (mSM) by pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG NMR) in the temperature range 45-60 °C. We found that the mean values of lateral diffusion coefficients (LDCs) of SMs are 1.9-fold lower compared with those of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), which is similar in molecular structure. This discrepancy could be explained by the characteristics of intermolecular SM interactions. The LDCs of different SMs differ: egg SM is most similar to PSM; both of them have a 10% higher LDC value compared with the other two natural SMs. Besides, all natural SMs show a complicated form of the spin-echo diffusion decay (DD), which is an indicator of a distribution of LDC values in bilayers. This peculiarity is explained by the broad distributions of hydrocarbon chain lengths of the natural SMs studied here, especially mSM and bSM. We confirmed the relationship between chain length and LDC in the bilayers by computer analysis of a set of (1)H NMR spectra obtained by scanning the value of the pulsed field gradient. There is a correlation between lower LDC values and SM molecules with longer acyl chains. The most probable mechanisms by which long-chain SM molecules decrease their lateral diffusion relative to the average value are protrusion into the other side of the bilayer or lateral separation into areas that diverge with their LDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Filippov
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia.
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Kojima H, Inoue T, Sugita M, Itonori S, Ito M. Biochemical studies on sphingolipid of Artemia franciscana (I) isolation and characterization of sphingomyelin. Lipids 2010; 45:635-43. [PMID: 20571930 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-010-3438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin was isolated from cysts of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana using QAE-Sephadex A25, Florisil and Iatrobeads column chromatographies. The chemical structure was identified using thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, infrared spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The ceramide moiety of sphingomyelin consisted of stearic, arachidic, and behenic acids as fatty acids, and hexadeca-4- and heptadeca-4-sphingenines as sphingoids. By comparative analysis, the ceramide component of Artemia sphingomyelin appears unique in invertebrates and vertebrates. Biological functions of sphingomyelin have largely been investigated using mammalian-derived sphingomyelin. In mammals, a wide variety of molecular species of sphingomyelins have been reported, especially derived from nerve tissue, while the lower animal Artemia contains this unusual sphingomyelin perhaps because of having a much simpler nervous system. The purified unusual sphingomyelin derived from Artemia franciscana might be a very useful tool in elucidating the functions and mechanisms of action of this mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Kojima
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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Abstract
The advancement of both LC and MS has contributed significantly to phospholipid analysis. Two major trends of developments have emerged in the past decade: application of dedicated online (or offline) LC–MS techniques including 2D and sophisticated chromatographic separations, and the development of so-called shotgun lipidomics represented by multidimensional MS-based techniques. However, neither of these techniques have been shown to be a universal solution for the increasing demand on the comprehensive information of lipid metabolomics in lipidomics studies. This is partially due to the intrinsic complexity of naturally occurring phospholipids in practice. It is evident that either chromatography or MS has to go multidimensional in order to fulfil this goal. This review focuses on recent developments of multidimensional MS, LC–MS and chromatographic approaches for lipidomics analysis. The perspectives and retrospectives of chromatography and MS in these aspects will be reviewed and discussed.
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Byrdwell WC. Dual parallel mass spectrometry for lipid and vitamin D analysis. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1217:3992-4003. [PMID: 20036769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous options for mass spectrometric analysis of lipids, including different types of ionization, and a wide variety of experiments using different scan modes that can be conducted. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) provide complementary types of information that are both desirable. However, the duty cycle of the mass spectrometer places limits on the number of experiments that can be performed, and instruments usually employ only one type of ionization at a time. This work describes the approaches we have used that employ two mass spectrometers in parallel or in a column-switching configuration that allows multiple ionization modes and types of experiments to be conducted simultaneously during a single chromatographic run. These data demonstrate how use of two systems can reduce or eliminate the need for repeat injections and repetitive experiments. Approaches are described that employ two mass spectrometers connected in parallel as detectors for a single chromatographic system (LC1/MS2) or that employ two liquid chromatographs and two mass spectrometers in a column-switching arrangement (LC2/MS2). Examples of LC1/MS2 analyses of triacylglycerols (TAGs), sphingolipids, and vitamin D are given, as well as an example of an LC2/MS2 experiment that is used to perform analysis of both polar and non-polar lipids in a total lipid extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Craig Byrdwell
- USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Composition and Methods Development Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Normal phase liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry for separation, detection and mass spectrometric profiling of neutral sphingolipids and cholesterol. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:2976-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Farwanah H, Pierstorff B, Schmelzer CEH, Raith K, Neubert RHH, Kolter T, Sandhoff K. Separation and mass spectrometric characterization of covalently bound skin ceramides using LC/APCI-MS and Nano-ESI-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 852:562-70. [PMID: 17368999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Revised: 02/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides covalently bound to keratinocytes are essential for the barrier function of the skin, which can be disturbed in diseases, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. These ceramides of the classes omega-hydroxyacyl-sphingosine and omega-hydroxyacyl-6-hydroxysphingosine contain an omega-hydroxy fatty acid. For their separation and identification, a new analytical approach based on normal phase liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and tandem nano-electrospray mass spectrometry, respectively, is presented here. Tandem mass spectrometry provided structural information about the sphingoid base as well as the fatty acid moieties. The chain lengths of the bases ranged from C12 to C22, the chain lengths of the fatty acids varied between C28 and C36. In total, 67 ceramide species have been identified in human skin. The analytical methods presented in this work can be helpful for investigating alterations in the ceramide composition of the skin as seen in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and diseases with impaired epidermal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Farwanah
- LIMES-Life and Medical Sciences Bonn, Program Unit Membrane and Lipid Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biology & Lipid Biochemistry, Friedrichs-Wilhelm-University, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Willmann J, Mahlstedt K, Leibfritz D, Spraul M, Thiele H. Characterization of Sphingomyelins in Lipid Extracts Using a HPLC-MS-Offline-NMR Method. Anal Chem 2007; 79:4188-91. [PMID: 17469795 DOI: 10.1021/ac062326h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelins were characterized using a combination of a novel isocratic reversed-phase HPLC method with electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection and optional online MS/MS. The constitution of the sphingomyelins is determined by MS/MS experiments. Baseline separation of 17 compounds of a bovine brain extract (2 main compounds and 15 minor or trace compounds) was achieved with a mobile phase consisting of methanol, 2-propanol, THF, and water on a RP-18-phenyl column. In parallel, the HPLC fraction were sampled to a 600-MHz NMR spectrometer to acquire 1D and 2D NMR spectra and to elucidate the molecular structure of individual sphingomyelin components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Willmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse NW 2C, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Byrdwell WC, Perry RH. Liquid chromatography with dual parallel mass spectrometry and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for analysis of sphingomyelin and dihydrosphingomyelin. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1146:164-85. [PMID: 17303148 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Revised: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS), in parallel, was used for simultaneous detection of bovine milk sphingolipids (BMS). APCI-MS mass spectra exhibited mostly ceramide-like fragment ions, [Cer-H(2)O+H](+) and [Cer-2H(2)O+H](+), which were used to identify individual molecular species of BMS according to fatty acyl chain length:degree of unsaturation and long-chain base (LCB). ESI-MS was used to confirm the molecular weights of BMS species. Both sphingomyelin (SM) and dihydrosphingomyelin (DSM) molecular species were identified, with DSM species constituting 20% of BMS. Approximately 56 to 58% of DSM species contained a d16:0 LCB, while 34 to 37% contained a d18:0 LCB. Approximately 26 to 30% of SM species contained a d16:1 LCB, while 57 to 60% contained a d18:1 LCB. BMS species contained both odd and even carbon chain lengths. The most abundant DSM species contained a d16:0 LCB with a 22:0, 23:0 or 24:0 fatty acyl chain, while the most abundant SM species contained a d18:1 LCB with a 16:0 or 23:0 fatty acyl chain. (31)P NMR spectroscopy was used to conclusively confirm that DSM is a dietary component in BMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wm Craig Byrdwell
- Food Composition Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service-BHNRC, Beltsville, MD 20904, USA.
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