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Xu X, Gao J, Ran M, Guo Y, Feng D, Zhang L. Nanoconfinement of functionalized ionic liquid for enhanced adsorption and rapid sensitive detection of phenylurea herbicides in food and environmental samples. Food Chem 2024; 431:137149. [PMID: 37598653 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The novel ILs@CNTs was synthesized by encapsulating task-specific ionic liquids (ILs) within carbon nanotubes (CNTs) derived from ZIF-67. These hybrid materials served as multifunctional adsorbents enabling simultaneous sorptive removal, sensitive detection, molecular sieve selection, and magnetic separation. In contrast to pristine CNTs, ILs@CNTs demonstrate significantly enhanced adsorption of phenylurea herbicides (PUHs). The complex interactions between ILs@CNTs and PUHs were comprehensively analyzed using a combination of experimental results and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, a magnetic solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (MSPE-HPLC) method was developed for the determination of multiple trace PUHs in real samples. The method exhibited lower detection limits (0.02-0.03 μg L-1) and higher enrichment factors (131 < EFs < 185). Interestingly, a portable lab-in-a-syringe device was developed to facilitate rapid on-site extraction and enrichment of PUHs. Additionally, the developed methods successfully applied in river water, tea drinks, and cucumber samples, highlighting its substantial potential for rapid PUH detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xu
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, No. 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Jiaxin Gao
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, No. 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Min Ran
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, No. 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yuhan Guo
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, No. 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Daming Feng
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, No. 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, No. 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
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Huang T, Lei X, Wang S, Lin C, Wu X. Ionic liquid assisted in situ growth of nano-confined ionic liquids/metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites for monolithic capillary microextraction of microcystins in environmental waters. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1692:463849. [PMID: 36764066 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A facile in-situ ionothermal synthesis strategy for fabrication of ionic liquids/metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) (ILs@ZIF-8) nanocomposites hybrid monolith has been proposed to facilitate highly effective capillary microextraction (CME) of ultra-trace microcystins (MCs) in environmental waters. The ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were initially introduced into a precursor polymer monolith, and acted as the metal sources and anchoring seeds to construct ILs@ZIF-8 nanocomposites hybrid monolith via a nanoparticle-directed in-situ growth route in confined imidazolium ionic liquids. Detailed characterization based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms confirmed that both the morphology and porous structure of ZIF-8 were finely tuned by the incorporation of ILs, which acted as solvents and structure directing agent. The confinement of ILs in ZIF-8 framework endows the ILs@ZIF-8 hybrid monolith additional adsorption sites and satisfied water stability for the synergistic enhancement of adsorption efficiency of MCs via multiple interactions (including π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions). Coupling ILs@ZIF-8 hybrid monolith-based CME to LC-MS enabled an efficient and sensitive analysis of MCs in surface waters with ultra-low detection limits (LOD ≤ 1.4 ng L-1) and satisfactory recoveries (70.2%-107.0%). This study showed great potential for feasible design and fabrication of ILs@MOFs composites with synergistic and tunable structures toward efficient sample preparation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; International (HongKong Macao and Taiwan) Joint Laboratory on food safety and environmental analysis, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lei
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; International (HongKong Macao and Taiwan) Joint Laboratory on food safety and environmental analysis, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Shuqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; International (HongKong Macao and Taiwan) Joint Laboratory on food safety and environmental analysis, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Chenchen Lin
- Engineering Technology Research Center on Reagent and Instrument for Rapid Detection of Product Quality and Food Safety, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; International (HongKong Macao and Taiwan) Joint Laboratory on food safety and environmental analysis, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
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Wang T, Xie H, Cao Y, Xu Q, Gan N. Magnetic solid phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection based on assembled magnetic covalent organic frameworks for selective extraction and detection of microcystins in aquatic foods. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lu J, Zhou J, Guo H, Li Y, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. Highly fluorinated magnetic covalent organic framework for efficient adsorption and sensitive detection of microcystin toxin in aqueous samples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Lad A, Breidenbach JD, Su RC, Murray J, Kuang R, Mascarenhas A, Najjar J, Patel S, Hegde P, Youssef M, Breuler J, Kleinhenz AL, Ault AP, Westrick JA, Modyanov NN, Kennedy DJ, Haller ST. As We Drink and Breathe: Adverse Health Effects of Microcystins and Other Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins in the Liver, Gut, Lungs and Beyond. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030418. [PMID: 35330169 PMCID: PMC8950847 DOI: 10.3390/life12030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing in number and severity worldwide. These HABs are chiefly composed of one or more species of cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, such as Microcystis and Anabaena. Numerous HAB cyanobacterial species produce toxins (e.g., microcystin and anatoxin—collectively referred to as HAB toxins) that disrupt ecosystems, impact water and air quality, and deter recreation because they are harmful to both human and animal health. Exposure to these toxins can occur through ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. Acute health effects of HAB toxins have been well documented and include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, headache, fever, and skin rashes. While these adverse effects typically increase with amount, duration, and frequency of exposure, susceptibility to HAB toxins may also be increased by the presence of comorbidities. The emerging science on potential long-term or chronic effects of HAB toxins with a particular emphasis on microcystins, especially in vulnerable populations such as those with pre-existing liver or gastrointestinal disease, is summarized herein. This review suggests additional research is needed to define at-risk populations who may be helped by preventative measures. Furthermore, studies are required to develop a mechanistic understanding of chronic, low-dose exposure to HAB toxins so that appropriate preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies can be created in a targeted fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Lad
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Joshua D. Breidenbach
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Robin C. Su
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Jordan Murray
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Rebecca Kuang
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Alison Mascarenhas
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - John Najjar
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Shivani Patel
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Prajwal Hegde
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Mirella Youssef
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Jason Breuler
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Andrew L. Kleinhenz
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Andrew P. Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Judy A. Westrick
- Lumigen Instrumentation Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Nikolai N. Modyanov
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - David J. Kennedy
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (S.T.H.); Tel.: +1-419-383-6822 (D.J.K.); +1-419-383-6859 (S.T.H.)
| | - Steven T. Haller
- College of Medicine and Life Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (A.L.); (J.D.B.); (R.C.S.); (J.M.); (R.K.); (A.M.); (J.N.); (S.P.); (P.H.); (M.Y.); (J.B.); (A.L.K.); (N.N.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (S.T.H.); Tel.: +1-419-383-6822 (D.J.K.); +1-419-383-6859 (S.T.H.)
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Yuan R, Wen Z, You F, Jiang D, Wang K. Catalysis-induced performance enhancement of an electrochemical microcystin-LR aptasensor based on cobalt-based oxide on a B, N co-doped graphene hydrogel. Analyst 2021; 146:2574-2580. [PMID: 33899062 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00236h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin detection is of great significance and an urgent need because of its damage to water environments and human health. In this paper, an electrochemical aptasensor was developed by combining a 3D cobalt-based oxide modified boron and nitrogen co-doped graphene hydrogel (3D BNG/Co) with a DNA aptamer for sensitive detection of microcystin (MC-LR) through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technology. By using 3D BNG/Co as a catalyst and [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as a redox probe, the catalytic current signal was 3.8 times higher than that of the bare glassy carbon electrode, which can better monitor the electron conduction on the electrode surface and then improve the sensitivity. The as-fabricated electrochemical aptasensor displayed a wide detection range (0.1-1000 pmol L-1), low detection limit (0.03 pmol L-1), good sensitivity, and repeatability, which has potential applications for the protection of the ecological environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruishuang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agriculture Equipment and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
| | - Zuorui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agriculture Equipment and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
| | - Fuheng You
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agriculture Equipment and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
| | - Ding Jiang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P.R. China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agriculture Equipment and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
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Fernandes SPS, Kovář P, Pšenička M, Silva AMS, Salonen LM, Espiña B. Selection of Covalent Organic Framework Pore Functionalities for Differential Adsorption of Microcystin Toxin Analogues. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15053-15063. [PMID: 33760592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs), produced by Microcystis sp, are the most commonly detected cyanotoxins in freshwater, and due to their toxicity, worldwide distribution, and persistence in water, an improvement in the monitoring programs for their early detection and removal from water is necessary. To this end, we investigate the performance of three covalent organic frameworks (COFs), TpBD-(CF3)2, TpBD-(NO2)2, and TpBD-(NH2)2, for the adsorption of the most common and/or toxic MC derivatives, MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LA, and MC-YR, from water. While MC-LR and MC-YR can be efficiently adsorbed using all three COF derivatives, high adsorption efficiencies were found for the most lipophilic toxin, MC-LA, with TpBD-(NH2)2, and the most hydrophilic one, MC-RR, with TpBD-(NO2). Theoretical calculations revealed that MC-LA and MC-RR have a tendency to be located mainly on the COF surface, interacting through hydrogen bonds with the amino and nitro functional groups of TpBD-(NH2)2 and TpBD-(NO2)2, respectively. TpBD-(NO2)2 outperforms the adsorbent materials reported for the capture of MC-RR, resulting in an increase in the maximum adsorption capacity by one order of magnitude. TpBD-(NH2)2 is reported as the first efficient adsorbent material for the capture of MC-LA. Large differences in desorption efficiencies were observed for the MCs with different COFs, highlighting the importance of COF-adsorbate interactions in the material recovery. Herein we show that efficient capture of these toxins from water can be achieved through the proper selection of the COF material. More importantly, this study demonstrates that by careful choice of COF functionalities, specific compounds can be targeted or excluded from a group of analogues, providing insight into the design of more efficient and selective adsorbent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia P S Fernandes
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Petr Kovář
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pšenička
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Laura M Salonen
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Begoña Espiña
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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Magnet-actuated droplet microfluidic immunosensor coupled with gel imager for detection of microcystin-LR in aquatic products. Talanta 2020; 219:121329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Schreidah CM, Ratnayake K, Senarath K, Karunarathne A. Microcystins: Biogenesis, Toxicity, Analysis, and Control. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2225-2246. [PMID: 32614166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microcystins are cyclic peptide toxins formed by cyanobacteria. These toxins are recognized for their association with algal blooms, posing a significant threat to ecosystems and drinking water quality. Due to the growing environmental concerns they raise, a comprehensive review on microcystins' genesis, toxicity, and analytical methods for their quantitative determination is outlined. Genes, including the mcyABC cluster, regulate microcystin biogenesis. Bioanalytical experiments have identified key environmental factors, such as temperature and nitrogen availability, that promote microcystin production. Microcystin toxicity is explored based on its modulatory effects on protein phosphatases 1 and 2A in specific tissues and organs. Additionally, biochemical mechanisms of chelation, transportation, resultant oxidative stress, and tumor promotion abilities of microcystins are also discussed. Various analytical methods to separate, detect, and quantify microcystins, including the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and chromatographic platforms-linked tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for unequivocal structural identification, are also reviewed. Since control of microcystins in water is of great necessity, both water treatment and mechanisms of abiotic transformation and microbial degradation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine M Schreidah
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Kasun Ratnayake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Kanishka Senarath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - Ajith Karunarathne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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Synthesis of metal-organic framework-5@chitosan material for the analysis of microcystins and nodularin based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1623:461198. [PMID: 32505287 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) and nodularin (NOD) are tumor promoters produced by cyanobacteria and present in surface water. In this work, a novel mesoporous metal-organic framework-5@chitosan (MOF-5@CS) material was synthesized and applied for the enrichment of MCs and NOD in water and fish samples. The mesoporous MOF-5@CS material was firstly synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method, and the chitosan was combined with MOF-5 via chemical bonding assembly. As a new adsorbent, the as-synthesized material was found having a large specific surface area and good thermal stability. Under the optimized conditions, MCs and NOD were enriched by the MOF-5@CS material and detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The limit of detection of the new method for MCs and NOD were in the range of 0.0018-0.077 ng/mL. The value of relative standard deviation for repeatability were 2.69-6.30%, and the recovery of the analytes ranged from 84.36% to 118.51%. Compared with other reported method for MCs and NOD detection in complex matrices, better adsorption performance for MCs and NOD were obtained by our new method, and the sensitivity of MCs-RR and NOD were improved nearly 20 times and 30 times, respectively.
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Hemmati M, Tejada-Casado C, Lara FJ, García-Campaña AM, Rajabi M, del Olmo-Iruela M. Monitoring of cyanotoxins in water from hypersaline microalgae colonies by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and tandem mass spectrometry detection following salting-out liquid-liquid extraction. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1608:460409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Thuret-Benoist H, Pallier V, Feuillade-Cathalifaud G. Quantification of microcystins in natural waters by HPLC-UV after a pre-concentration step: validation of the analytical performances and study of the interferences. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103223. [PMID: 31401407 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A method for the determination of microcystins concentrations (MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR) in natural water samples was optimized using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV/PDA detection after Solid Phase Extraction. Solid Phase Extraction is needed to clean natural sample and concentrate pollutant. The method was validated by evaluation of specificity and repeatability. Average recoveries in ultra-pure grade water were better than 95% with Relative Standard Deviation values lower than 4%. Matrix interferences, as pH, conductivity and organic matter content, were tested. pH must be fixed between 6 and 8 to avoid under-estimation or over-estimation and conductivity did not interfere with the analytical method. Organic Matter content negatively impacted microcystins quantification unlike organic matter characteristics. It over-estimated the concenration by an average of 19%. Then, the developed method was applied to study the occurrence of microcystins in Pigeard pond (France). These results constitute the first report on the concentration levels and seasonal variations of microcystins in this resource water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Thuret-Benoist
- University of Limoges, PEREINE Laboratory, EA 7500, ENSIL-ENSCI, 16 rue Atlantis, 87068 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Virginie Pallier
- University of Limoges, PEREINE Laboratory, EA 7500, ENSIL-ENSCI, 16 rue Atlantis, 87068 Limoges Cedex, France
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Lu H, Wang G, Dai R, Ding X, Liu M, Sun H, Sun C, Zhao G. Visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical aptasensor based on reduced graphene oxide/Ti–Fe–O nanotube arrays for highly sensitive and selective determination of microcystin-LR. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Giménez-Campillo C, Pastor-Belda M, Campillo N, Arroyo-Manzanares N, Hernández-Córdoba M, Viñas P. Determination of Cyanotoxins and Phycotoxins in Seawater and Algae-Based Food Supplements Using Ionic Liquids and Liquid Chromatography with Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E610. [PMID: 31652586 PMCID: PMC6832300 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An analytical procedure is proposed for determining three cyanotoxins (microcystin RR, microcystin LR, and nodularin) and two phycotoxins (domoic and okadaic acids) in seawater and algae-based food supplements. The toxins were first isolated by a salting out liquid extraction procedure. Since the concentration expected in the samples was very low, a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure was included for preconcentration. The ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (80 mg) was used as green extractant solvent and acetonitrile as disperser solvent (0.5 mL) for a 10 mL sample volume at pH 1.5, following the principles of green analytical chemistry. Liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization and quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was used. The selectivity of the detection system, based on accurate mass measurements, allowed the toxins to be unequivocally identified. Mass spectra for quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS) and Q-TOF-MS/MS were recorded in the positive ion mode and quantification was based on the protonated molecule. Retention times ranged between 6.2 and 17.9 min using a mobile phase composed by a mixture of methanol and formic acid (0.1%). None of the target toxins were detected in any of the seawater samples analyzed, above their corresponding detection limits. However, microcystin LR was detected in the blue green alga sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Giménez-Campillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Marta Pastor-Belda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Natalia Campillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Manuel Hernández-Córdoba
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pilar Viñas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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15
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Garcia Y, Canfarotta F, Smolinska-Kempisty K, Piletsky SA, Pereira E. Competitive pseudo-ELISA based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for microcystin-LR detection in water. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are dangerous cyanotoxins for the public health, and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of most toxic, dangerous, and frequently found in water bodies. Typically, the detection of MCs is carried out by means of competitive ELISAs which, however, need special precautions for handling and storage, due to the stability of the antibodies used in this test. Molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) represents more robust and cost-effective alternative to antibodies. In this work, we developed a competitive pseudo-ELISA based on nanoMIPs (which are used in place of natural antibodies), for the detection of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). This pseudo-ELISA showed a linear response towards MC-LR, showing high affinity and low cross-reactivity against another analogue toxin (microcystin-YR). The analytical recovery of MC-LR in the analysis of water samples by the proposed pseudo-ELISA was 96 %–130 % and the limit of detection was 2.64 × 10−4 nM. The obtained results suggest that this competitive pseudo-ELISA could have high potential in the detection of toxins, due to its rapid, sensitive and accurate detection of toxin in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadiris Garcia
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Science , University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Francesco Canfarotta
- MIP Diagnostics Ltd, University of Leicester , Fielding Johnson Building , Leicester LE1 7RH , UK
| | - Katarzyna Smolinska-Kempisty
- Department of Chemistry , University of Leicester , University Road , Leicester, LE1 7RH , UK
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology , Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer and Carbon Materials , Wyb. St. Wyspianskiego 27 , 50-370 Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Sergey A. Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry , University of Leicester , University Road , Leicester, LE1 7RH , UK
| | - Eduardo Pereira
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Science , University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
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16
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Huang C, Wang Y, Huang Q, He Y, Zhang L. Magnetic γ-cyclodextrin polymer with compatible cavity promote the magnetic solid-phase extraction of microcystins in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1054:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Wang Q, Chen R, Shatner W, Cao Y, Bai Y. State-of-the-art on the technique of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 51:369-377. [PMID: 30377081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction is a new sample pretreatment technology based on traditional liquid liquid extraction. In this paper, the application of low-toxicity extractants such as low-density extractants, auxiliary extractants, stripping agents and ionic liquids in this technology and the extraction modes such as solvent de-emulsification, suspension extractant curing, auxiliary extraction, back extraction, and ionic liquid-dispersion liquid microextraction, are summarized. In addition, the synergism of this technique with other sample preparation techniques, such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, dispersive solid phase extraction, matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangfeng Wang
- College of Electromechanical, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Renji Chen
- Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, TianTan-XiLi the 4th, DongCheng District, BeiJing 100050, China.
| | - William Shatner
- Jiaotong Institute, A0E 2Z0: Monkstown, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Yan Cao
- College of Electromechanical, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yu Bai
- College of Electromechanical, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
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18
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Chen YC, Ao YT, Ding WH. Determination of microcystins in water samples by deep eutectic solvent-based vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38669-38676. [PMID: 35540236 PMCID: PMC9075955 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07544e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An eco-friendly and efficient DES-based VALLME coupled UHPLC-ESI(+)-qTOF-MS method was developed to determine MC-YR and MC-LR in surface water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- National Central University
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Ao
- Department of Chemistry
- National Central University
- Taiwan
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19
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Yang J, Fan C, Tang G, Zhang W, Dong H, Liang Y, Wang Y, Zou M, Cao Y. Relationship between the Structure of Ionic Liquid and Its Enrichment Ability To Trace Fungicides from an Environmental Water Sample. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9418-9425. [PMID: 30133274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the relationship between the structure of ionic liquid (IL) and its enrichment ability to trace pesticides from an environmental water sample, a series of imidazole-based ILs were synthesized to extract four fungicides (boscalid, cyprodinil, fluazinam, and pyrimethanil) through an in situ ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method. The results showed that aromatic heterocyclic monocation ionic liquids (MILs) had better extraction ability to fungicides than other three alicyclic heterocyclic MILs. Dication ionic liquids (DILs) with the four carbons at the side chain had better ability to extract fungicides than MILs, and DILs with a long bridge carbon chain had better recoveries of fungicides with low Kow values. The proposed method showed high mean enrichment factors and high recoveries of the fungicides from real water samples. The rules of the relationship between the structure of IL and enrichment ability are instructive to the application of ILs in pretreatment of complex substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Yang
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Fan
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Tang
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Dong
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - You Liang
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Institute of Equipment Technology , Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine , 3 Gaobeidian North Road , Beijing 100123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqiang Zou
- Institute of Equipment Technology , Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine , 3 Gaobeidian North Road , Beijing 100123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsong Cao
- College of Plant Protection , China Agricultural University , 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road , Beijing 100193 , People's Republic of China
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20
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Solid-phase extraction, quantification, and selective determination of microcystins in water with a gold-polypyrrole nanocomposite sorbent material. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1560:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Pierson SA, Trujillo‐Rodríguez MJ, Anderson JL. Rapid analysis of ultraviolet filters using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to headspace gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3081-3088. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Rykowska I, Ziemblińska J, Nowak I. Modern approaches in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) based on ionic liquids: A review. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Fan C, Liang Y, Dong H, Ding G, Zhang W, Tang G, Yang J, Kong D, Wang D, Cao Y. In-situ ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using a new anion-exchange reagent combined Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles for determination of pyrethroid pesticides in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 975:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Non-conventional solvents in liquid phase microextraction and aqueous biphasic systems. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1500:1-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Ansari S. Application of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer as a versatile and highly selective tool in food and environmental analysis: Recent developments and trends. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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26
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Using fluorescence immunochromatographic test strips based on quantum dots for the rapid and sensitive determination of microcystin-LR. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:2213-2220. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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27
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Lucena R, Cárdenas S. Ionic Liquids in Sample Preparation. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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28
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Zhang C, Cagliero C, Pierson SA, Anderson JL. Rapid and sensitive analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls and acrylamide in food samples using ionic liquid-based in situ dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled to headspace gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1481:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Cai Y, Zhang C, Hao L, Chen J, Xie P, Chen Z. Systematic identification of seven ribosomal protein genes in bighead carp and their expression in response to microcystin-LR. J Toxicol Sci 2016; 41:293-302. [PMID: 26961614 DOI: 10.2131/jts.41.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is one of the most toxic cyanotoxins produced in algal blooms. The toxic effects of MCLR on the expression of some organelles genes (mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeleton etc) have been widely investigated, but little is known how it impacts on the expression of ribosomal genes. In this study we identified seven ribosomal protein genes RPS6, RPS12, RPS24, RPS27a, RPL12, RPL27 and RPL29 in bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), whose expression was regulated by MCLR. The amino acid sequences of those 7 genes shared more than 90% identity with corresponding sequences from zebrafish, and were well conserved throughout evolution. The 3D structure prediction showed that the structures of these ribosomal proteins were conserved, but had species specificity. Q-PCR analysis revealed that expression of seven genes changed dramatically at 3 hr, then went back to a moderate change- level at 24 hr in almost all tested tissues (liver, kidney, intestine, heart, spleen and gill) post MCLR injection, but in brain expression of the seven genes stayed same as the normal level. This study will help us to know not only about the evolution and functions of ribosomal proteins in anti-MCLR response in bighead carp, but also about the MCLR toxicity and its impact on aquaculture and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cai
- School of Petrolchemical Engneering, Changzhou University, China
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30
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Wang H, Hu L, Li W, Lu R, Zhang S, Zhou W, Gao H. A rapid and simple pretreatment method for benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples using in-syringe dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the direct solidification of ionic liquids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1471:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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WANG YL, YOU LQ, MEI YW, LIU JP, HE LJ. Benzyl Functionalized Ionic Liquid as New Extraction Solvent of Dispersive Liquid-liquid Microextraction for Enrichment of Organophosphorus Pesticides and Aromatic Compounds. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Zhang LL, Yu RP, Wang LP, Wu SF, Song QJ. Transformation of microcystins to 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutyric acid by room temperature ozone oxidation for rapid quantification of total microcystins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:493-499. [PMID: 26975781 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00588d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are cyanobacterial hepatotoxins capable of accumulation into animal tissues. To determine the total microcystins in water, a novel analytical method, including ozonolysis, methylation of 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutyric acid (MMPB) with methylchloroformate (MCF) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) detection was developed. The results show that MCs can be oxidized by ozone to produce MMPB at ambient temperature, proving ozonation is an effective, rapid and green method for the transformation of MCs to MMPB without secondary pollution. The oxidation conditions as well as the esterification process were optimized and, subsequently applied to analysis of environmental samples. The method shows wide linear range and high sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.34 μg L(-1). The established method was successfully applied to the analysis of microcystins in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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33
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Yu H, Merib J, Anderson JL. Crosslinked polymeric ionic liquids as solid-phase microextraction sorbent coatings for high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1438:10-21. [PMID: 26896916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neat crosslinked polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) sorbent coatings for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) compatible with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are reported for the first time. Six structurally different PILs were crosslinked to nitinol supports and applied for the determination of select pharmaceutical drugs, phenolics, and insecticides. Sampling conditions including sample solution pH, extraction time, desorption solvent, desorption time, and desorption solvent volume were optimized using design of experiment (DOE). The developed PIL sorbent coatings were stable when performing extractions under acidic pH and remained intact in various organic desorption solvents (i.e., methanol, acetonitrile, acetone). The PIL-based sorbent coating polymerized from the IL monomer 1-vinyl-3-(10-hydroxydecyl) imidazolium chloride [VC10OHIM][Cl] and IL crosslinker 1,12-di(3-vinylbenzylimidazolium) dodecane dichloride [(VBIM)2C12] 2[Cl] exhibited superior extraction performance compared to the other studied PILs. The extraction efficiency of pharmaceutical drugs and phenolics increased when the film thickness of the PIL-based sorbent coating was increased while many insecticides were largely unaffected. Satisfactory analytical performance was obtained with limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.2 to 2 μg L(-1) for the target analytes. The accuracy of the analytical method was examined by studying the relative recovery of analytes in real water samples, including tap water and lake water, with recoveries varying from 50.2% to 115.9% and from 48.8% to 116.6%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglian Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Josias Merib
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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34
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Wang H, Yang X, Hu L, Gao H, Lu R, Zhang S, Zhou W. Detection of triazole pesticides in environmental water and juice samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with solidified sedimentary ionic liquids. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03376d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The solidification of a sedimentary ionic liquid, [P4448][PF6], was used to simplify the extraction process for the detection of triazole pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazi Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
| | - Lu Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
| | - Runhua Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
| | - Sanbing Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- College of Science
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100194
- China
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35
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Pan SD, Chen XH, Li XP, Cai MQ, Shen HY, Zhao YG, Jin MC. Double-sided magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer modified graphene oxide for highly efficient enrichment and fast detection of trace-level microcystins from large-volume water samples combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1422:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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